The intestinal epithelium is the single cell layer that form the luminal surface (lining) of both the small and large intestine (colon) of the gastrointestinal tract. (wikipedia.org)
As part of its protective role, the intestinal epithelium forms an important component of the intestinal mucosal barrier. (wikipedia.org)
Certain diseases and conditions are caused by functional defects in the intestinal epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
Villi and intestinal glands serve to increase the mucosal surface area tenfold. (wikipedia.org)
Important for the barrier function of intestinal epithelium, its cells are joined securely together by four types of junctions (cell junctions), which can be identified at the ultrastructural level: Gap junctions Desmosomes Adherens junctions Tight junctions Gap junctions bring the adjacent cells within 2 nanometers of each other. (wikipedia.org)
One of the important strategies to generate immune protection and maintain intestinal homeostasis is the production of IgA, the most abundant antibody isotype in the host, which provides a first line of immune protection at the mucosal surface. (nature.com)
Scientific research shows that zinc supports a healthy intestinal epithelium and good mucosal integrity. (healthpost.co.nz)
In mice, morphogenesis of the intestinal epithelium begins around embryonic day 14 (E14), followed by the reshaping of the endodermal pseudostratified epithelium to organize the villi and intervillous region (Grosse, et al. (researchsquare.com)
At the beginning of intestinal development, proliferating progenitors that express ISC markers are ubiquitously distributed throughout the epithelium. (researchsquare.com)
2007). It has been suggested that the intestinal transcription factor Blimp-1 is a critical driver of the postnatal epithelial phenotype, whose expression loss in the third postnatal week is a likely requirement for the maturation of the neonatal epithelium to adult epithelium (Harper, et al. (researchsquare.com)
This may be the skin or the internal mucosal surfaces of the respiratory, gastro-intestinal, and urogenital tracts. (nih.gov)
Cutaneous3
Papilloma Viruses (PVs) are double-stranded DNA viruses that infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelium. (iupui.edu)
Prognosis regarding the clinical behavior of the mucosal lesions has been extrapolated from knowledge of the cutaneous lesions. (medscape.com)
In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, which are etiologically linked to sun exposure, risk factors for mucosal melanomas are unknown. (medscape.com)
Infect2
In general, alphaherpesviruses infect mucosal epithelia fol- lowed by one or more rounds of replication in epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
some types infect mucosal epithelium and cause anogenital warts. (msdmanuals.com)
Elevated levels of anti-EBV-specific antigen IgA were found in mucosal secretions of NPC patients, and this EBV-IgA-SC-mediated endocytosis may represent a physiological pathway for EBV to invade nasopharyngeal epithelial cells in vivo. (selfgrowth.com)
In the nasopharynx, the bacteria multiply, bind to specific receptors, and are taken up by epithelial cells, which transport the meningococci across the mucosal epithelium. (cdc.gov)
Lesions3
In the Sudan, the high incidence of OSCCs and an equally high prevalence of potentially malignant oral mucosal lesions has been strongly attributed some local habits such as snuff use, locally known as Toombak 4 . (bvsalud.org)
Adeola J. Akande, Conclusion: The most prevalent oral mucosal lesions in the adolescent age group are those of developmental origin. (who.int)
Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions and Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Adolescents in a Rural Nigerian Population. (who.int)
Cells9
Langerhans cells (LCs) populate the mucosal epithelium, a major entry portal for pathogens, yet their ontogeny remains unclear. (nih.gov)
The epithelium is composed of a single layer of cells, while the other two layers of the mucosa, the lamina propria and the muscularis mucosae, support and articulate the epithelial layer. (wikipedia.org)
Epithelial stem cells exhibit increased mitochondrial mutation in aging that affects their progeny in the mucosal epithelium. (open.ac.uk)
In an adaptive immunity OPC rechallenge model using a derivate of the pathogenic C. albicans strain SC5314, CD4 + Th17 cells protect from mucosal Candida infection but can be compensated by other IL-17-producing cells in CD4-deficient hosts ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
Meningococci are Gram-negative, aerobic diplococci that can attach to the surface of mucosal cells of the nasopharynx. (cdc.gov)
gammadelta T cells are present in the mucosal surface of the airways and may contribute to the injury/repair response of the epithelium. (cdc.gov)
Immune system2
He developed the concept that luminal factors regulate genes in the epithelium that signal to the mucosal immune system. (qmul.ac.uk)
Innate immune system of the airway epithelium consists of several components including the mucus layer, mucociliary clearance of beating cilia, production of host defense peptides, epith. (researchgate.net)
Respiratory4
With rare exceptions B. pertussis infections are restricted to the airways and do not usually disseminate beyond the respiratory epithelium. (frontiersin.org)
Ozone (O(3)) is toxic to respiratory epithelium and causes airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. (cdc.gov)
These changes include increased mucosal permeability, impairment of the mucociliary clearance, changes in pathogen adherence, disruption of the respiratory epithelium, and peribronchial inflammation and fibrosis. (who.int)
The capacity of the nose to scrub vapor is dependent on inflammation and cytotoxicity in both the respiratory and the inspiratory flow rate, vapor solubility (as measured by the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity of the F-344 rat. (cdc.gov)
Airway1
Effect of ozone treatment on airway reactivity and epithelium-derived relaxing factor in guinea pigs. (cdc.gov)
Melanoma1
The cause of oral melanoma or melanoma of any mucosal surface remains unknown, and the incidence has remained stable for more than 25 years. (medscape.com)
Surface9
In the small intestine, the mucosal layer is specially adapted to provide a large surface area in order to maximize the absorption of nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
The fungus Candida albicans colonizes the oral mucosal surface of 30-70% of healthy individuals. (frontiersin.org)
As part of the human mycobiome the polymorphic fungus Candida albicans colonizes the oral mucosal surface of up to 70% of healthy individuals ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
[1] These provide the additional resistance for the mucosal surface of the stomach. (wikipedia.org)
It has conventionally been assumed that ovarian cancers arise from the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), which is viewed as a modified type of mesothelium similar to that which lines the peritoneal cavity, by a process of invagination leading to the development of cortical inclusion cysts (CICs). (hindawi.com)
A tubal origin for high-grade serous ovarian cancer is supported by gene expression profiles of OSC that reveal that they are more similar to normal müllerian epithelium than the ovarian surface epithelium [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
There is a single dark lobulated mass visible arising from the mucosal surface. (anatomywarehouse.com)
Quality Of Life (OHRQOL) to serve as adjuncts for Researchers have defined an oral mucosal lesion measuring outcomes associated with (OML) as any abnormal alteration in colour, surface diseases/conditions. (who.int)
Infection4
EBV's primary infection is considered to be caused by viruses through the oropharyngeal epithelium. (selfgrowth.com)
Gain of function dysbiosis ( 9 , 10 ) may lead to mucosal fungal infection such as OPC. (frontiersin.org)
In this review we summarize the available literature on the role of mucosal immunity in the prevention of B. pertussis infection. (frontiersin.org)
Cell adhesion is the first step in C. albicans infection of epithelia. (ncl.edu.tw)
Colonic2
Results Nuclear localisation and enhanced expression of IL-33 in myofibroblasts and enterocytes was linked to disease involvement independently of inflammation, while the expression of ST2 was primarily restricted to the colonic epithelia. (bmj.com)
Histologically, the mass comprises a core of connective tissue covered with hyperplastic glandular epithelium of colonic type, with focal nuclear atypia. (anatomywarehouse.com)
Gastric2
The gastric mucosal barrier is the property of the stomach that allows it to safely contain the gastric acid required for digestion. (wikipedia.org)
HF easily crosses the gastric epithelium, and is the major form in which fluoride is absorbed from the stomach (see Chapter 3 ). (nationalacademies.org)
Embryonic1
We found that, in contrast to skin LCs originating from self-renewing radioresistant embryonic precursors, oral mucosal LCs derive from circulating radiosensitive precursors. (nih.gov)
Oral6
Despite this ontogenetic discrepancy between skin and mucosal LCs, the transcriptomic signature and immunological function of oral LCs highly resemble those of skin LCs but not DCs. (nih.gov)
These findings, along with the epithelial position, morphology, and expression of the LC-associated phenotype strongly suggest that oral mucosal LCs are genuine LCs. (nih.gov)
The aim of this study was to assess the cytological changes in oral epithelium that might be induced by Sudanese homemade alcoholic beverages. (bvsalud.org)
Additionally, use of toombak has been shown to produce a variety of oral mucosal changes such as dysplasia and hyperkeratosis 9-11 . (bvsalud.org)
In the Sudan, the high prevalence of homemade alcoholic varieties use might be associated with high risk for development of OSCCs and a variety of oral mucosal changes. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the effects of homemade alcoholic varieties on oral mucosal epithelium that might eventually terminate in OPMD or OSCC. (bvsalud.org)
Maturation1
In bladders of previously infected versus non-infected, antibiotic-treated mice, we found (1) an altered transcriptome and defects in cell maturation, (2) a remodelled epithelium that confers resistance to intracellular bacterial colonization, and (3) changes to cyclooxygenase-2-dependent inflammation. (nih.gov)
Immunity3
As of today, only one vaccine designed to induce potent mucosal immunity is in clinical development. (frontiersin.org)
Due to its ability to induce mucosal immunity it is expected that this approach will contribute to improved control of pertussis. (frontiersin.org)
Innate immunity of the mucosal surfaces provides the first-line defense from invading pathogens and pollutants conferring protection from the external environment. (researchgate.net)
Surfaces1
C. albicans can adhere to the mucosal surfaces and even to the surfaces of medical devices. (ncl.edu.tw)
Defense1
We have discussed the innate immune defense mediated by epithelia and by phagocytes and complement in the underlying tissues in Chapter 2. (nih.gov)
Mechanisms1
His current laboratory in London examines how dietary factors act on genes in the epithelium both through promoter-based mechanisms and through changes in chromosomal structure. (qmul.ac.uk)
Albicans1
However, as a commensal, C. albicans is in constant interaction with the host epithelium ( 17 ). (frontiersin.org)
Responses2
Yet, compared to systemic responses, mucosal immune responses have attracted relatively little attention in the context of pertussis vaccine development. (frontiersin.org)
0-24 h after exposure) on 1) reactivity to inhaled methacholine (MCh), 2) reactivity of the isolated, perfused trachea (IPT) to MCh, 3) epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF)-mediated relaxations of IPT induced by mucosal hyperosmolar solutions, 4) neurogenic contraction and relaxation responses, 5) transepithelial potential difference, and 6) microscopic analysis of nitrotyrosine immunofluorescence, substance P fiber density, and tracheal morphology. (cdc.gov)
Pathway1
Right now, the most common theory is that the disease could potentially be triggered by an initial injury to the lungepithelium which in turn induces an abnormal repair pathway, leading to d amage of the lung. (lu.se)
Major1
Mammalian mucins, glycoproteins that are major constituents of the glycocalyx that covers mucosal epithelium. (embl.de)
Develop1
However, others believe it is unlikely that CICs are precursors and have instead proposed that ovarian epithelial tumors develop from müllerian-type epithelium lining paraovarian and paratubal cysts (the so-called secondary müllerian system) [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Effects1
Furthermore, testing would also not be justified because of animal welfare reasons based on severe effects especially on mucosal epithelium. (europa.eu)
High1
The typical microscopic findings of HPV-OED were observed in all cases, which also showed strong p16 positivity in a continuous band through the full thickness of the epithelium and high Ki67. (bvsalud.org)