• Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, also known as ALOX5, 5-lipoxygenase, 5-LOX, or 5-LO, is a non-heme iron-containing enzyme (EC 1.13.11.34) that in humans is encoded by the ALOX5 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is a member of the lipoxygenase family of enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Multi-walled carbon nanotube s stimulate arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-dependent M1 polarization of macrophages to promote proinflammatory response in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment of macrophages with MWCNTs (Mitsui-7), but not CB, increased the expression of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (Alox5) mRNA and protein in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism by which multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) induce M1 polarization in vitro, with focus on induction of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5), which is required to produce proinflammatory LMs, such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4). (cdc.gov)
  • ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • ALOX15 arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase : see Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • The ALOX5 gene, which occupies 71.9 kilobase pairs (kb) on chromosome 10 (all other human lipoxygenases are clustered together on chromosome 17), is composed of 14 exons divided by 13 introns encoding the mature 78 kilodalton (kD) ALOX5 protein consisting of 673 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • ALOX5 products, particularly 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid, promote the proliferation of these ALOX5 aberrantly expressing tumor cell lines suggesting that ALOX5 acts as a pro-malignancy factor for them and by extension their parent tumors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies with cultured human cells have found that there are a large number of ALOX5 mRNA splice variants due to alternative splicing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment of murine macrophages (J774A.1) with Mitsui-7 MWCNTsincreased the expression of Alox5 mRNA and protein in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment of J774A.1 macrophages with MWCNTs at a concentration of 2.5 g/mL increased the expression of ALOX5 mRNA by 2.0-fold at 1-day and 2.5-fold at 3-day post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Luciferase reporter assays with the mouse ALOX5 promoter of 2 kilobase upstream of translation start codon demonstrate that the ALOX5 promoter activity increased more than 5-fold over background. (cdc.gov)
  • This activity was significantly elevated following 5'-deletion analyses of ALOX5 promoter and further enhanced by MWCNT treatment, implicating a transcriptional mechanism in the induction of ALOX5. (cdc.gov)
  • apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme ca. (gsea-msigdb.org)
  • APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • Leukotrienes derived from 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) cause inflammation and are thus involved in the pathobiology of stroke injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid (AA) has two main branches: 1) AA is converted by COX-1 and COX-2 into prostaglandins (PG) and thromboxane (TX), and 2) the actions of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) create leukotrienes (LT) in the other arm of the pathway [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators derived from the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. (springer.com)
  • MDM from convalescent SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals showed a downregulation of pro-resolving factors and an increased production of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, particularly 5-lipoxygenase-derived leukotrienes. (nature.com)
  • Eicosanoids are formed from arachidonic acid (AA) through different enzymatic pathways, including the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, synthesizing prostanoids and the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway, generating leukotrienes (LTs) 8 . (nature.com)
  • RESULTS Dogs with impaired renal function had markedly higher expression of the cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, and TGF-β and the enzyme 5-LO, compared with expression in healthy dogs. (avma.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, expression of the cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, and TGF-β and the enzyme 5-LO was clearly increased in dogs with renal disease, which suggested that these markers were part of an inflammatory response in animals with AKI or CKD. (avma.org)
  • Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was used to establish and validate a miRNA set-based pathway prognostic signature for PC (miPPSPC) and a mRNA set-based pathway prognostic signature for PC (mPPSPC) in independent datasets. (aging-us.com)
  • Two other structurally different 5-LOX inhibitors were also administered post IR: caffeic acid and 2, 3, 5-trimethyl-6- [12-hydroxy-5, 10-dodecadiynyl]-1, 4-benzoquinone (AA-861). (biomedcentral.com)
  • While 5α-reductase inhibitors appear to decrease low-grade cancer risk, they do not affect high-grade cancer risk, thus are not recommended for prevention. (owiki.org)
  • While conventional drugs such as the α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists and 5α-reductase inhibitors have been found to be useful in the treatment of BPH, the adverse side effects associated with their usage, have led to increased search for alternative means of managing this disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • and the 5α-reductase inhibitors [which inhibit the development of BPH through a reduction in dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production]. (frontiersin.org)
  • This polyphenolic compound is known to be a strong anti-oxidant which scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly or effectively inhibits ROS-generating enzymes ( e.g. xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase). (rsc.org)
  • Methods: To clarify their role in CKD, we measured the mRNA levels of major lipid-metabolizing enzymes in 5/6 nephrectomized (Nx) kidneys of C57BL/6 J mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • C5 complement component 5: C5a is a critical mediator in human blood during C. albicans infection. (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
  • By studying transcriptome- and lipid mediator profiles in MDM of convalescent SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with previous mild disease, we show that inflammatory gene expression and eicosanoid profiles as well as altered responsiveness to inflammatory cues are maintained at 3-5 months post infection as well as throughout macrophage differentiation. (nature.com)
  • The levels of the inflammatory mediator 5-LO expression increased in DS patients with PD. (bvsalud.org)
  • They were evaluated at 24 h after reperfusion for brain infarction, neurological deficit score, and the expression of 5-LOX. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunohistochemical study of brain sections showed IR-mediated increased expression of 5-LOX in the neurons and microglia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BW-B 70C down-regulated 5-LOX and inhibited iNOS expression by preventing NF-κB activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, we have demonstrated that PLA 2 and 5-LOX are involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced iNOS gene expression via dependent and independent NF-κB pathways in glial cells [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Abnormal expression of 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) has been detected in many tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target mRNA sequences and have been shown to be involved in various types of cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrated that miR-146a expression is overexpressed, while FLAP protein and mRNA are suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and HepG2 cells compared to para-carcinoma tissues and HL-7702 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), with the length of 18-22 nucleotides, have been shown to downregulate target mRNA expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the target mRNA sequences [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, 17 of 46 AKI dogs (but none of the CKD dogs) had higher IL-8 mRNA expression and 3 of 8 CKD dogs (but only 2/46 AKI dogs) had higher TNF-α expression, compared with results for healthy dogs. (avma.org)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • How the production of inflammatory mediators generated by macrophages with different gene expression profile (M1 and M2) might activate inflammatory pathways, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), in human granulosa cells (hGCs) remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used real-time PCR and western blotting to detect the expression of COX-2 and 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX as biomarkers of oocyte competence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, there was no observed expression of 5-LOX and no significant alteration in the expression of 15-LOX in hGCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The LH surge activates signalling pathways in GCs of pre-ovulatory follicles associated with inflammation, such as the expression of COX-2 and 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NE were used to detect the 5-lypoxigenase (5-LO) expression by RT-PCR. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, DS patients with PD presented high levels of 5-LO expression, suggesting the presence of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in PD, thus demonstrating that the changes in NE function due to the elevation of inflammatory mediators contribute to PD. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thirty-three fresh-frozen HPV-16 positive OPSCC samples with known integration status were analyzed by mRNA expression profiling. (cancerindex.org)
  • BCRP expression was detected in several different solid tumours ( 1 - 5 ), as well as in malignant hematopoietic and lymphoid cells ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Leukotriene synthesis was further enhanced by glucocorticoids and remained elevated at 3-5 months, but had returned to baseline at 12 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection. (nature.com)
  • HO2) residue to arachidonic acid (i.e. 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid) at carbon 5 of its 1,4 diene group (i.e. its 5Z,8Z double bonds) to form 5(S)-hydroperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (i.e. 5S-HpETE). (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we report that MDM from SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals with mild disease show an inflammatory transcriptional and metabolic imprint that lasts for at least 5 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. (nature.com)
  • Pro-inflammatory 5-LOX metabolites were selectively increased in post COVID-19 MDM, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection drives a pro-inflammatory eicosanoid reprogramming that contributes to long-term alterations in innate immune cell function. (nature.com)
  • Chronic inflammation lasts for a longer time and it may initialize various chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, arthritis, cancer, PCOS, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases (5,6). (transectscience.org)
  • Induction of growth factors [interleukin 6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor) may indirectly activate the AR and/or its downstream signaling pathways (5, 6, 7) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • Most of the existing research has focused on genes for prognosis prediction, whereas pathways based on mRNAs or miRNAs have never been used to predict survival. (aging-us.com)
  • Regarding COV434 cells, we found that CM from M2 macrophage resulted in an increase in COX-2, 5-LOX and 15-LOX mRNA and protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A DNA fragment containing 101 base pairs of the 5′-flanking sequence showed strong promoter activity in the macrophage cell line RAW264 but was inactive in the non-monocytic cell lines HUT-78 and NIH-3T3. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • Dandona P, Aljada A, Ghanim buy stromectol copenhagen H, Mohanty P, Tripathy C, Hofmglad eyer D, Chaudhuri A. Increased plasma concentration of macrophage migration inhibitory delegate (MIF) and MIF mRNA in mononuclear rooms in the obese and suppressive clash of metto drop acharactermin. (upb.ro)
  • a GC-rich core region including the Sp1/Egr-1 sites may be critical for basal 5-LO promoter activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, after transcription, a wide array of RNA-binding proteins interacts with cis -acting elements located mainly in the 3' untranslated region, determining the fate of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Included in these are: TRPV3 and phosphitidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate receptor modulation of capsaicin binding [8,9] and connections with scaffolding and synaptic vesicle proteins [10,11]. (cancerhugs.com)
  • The lifestyle of TRPV1 receptors in the mind has been backed numerous moments with assays for both TRPV1 proteins and mRNA [14,16,18-22] (for instance, Fig. ?Fig.1).1). (cancerhugs.com)
  • Results: In 5/6 Nx kidneys, both mRNA and protein levels of Alox15 were higher when compared with those in sham kidneys. (elsevierpure.com)
  • With respect to in situ hybridization, the mRNA level of Alox15 was higher in renal tubules of 5/6 Nx kidneys. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To examine the role of Alox15 in CKD pathogenesis, we performed 5/6 Nx on Alox15 −/− mice. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Genes expressed by human granulosa cells (hGCs), such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), may be useful as effective biomarkers to identify oocytes with high development potential [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It translocates to the nuclear membrane upon stimulation, where it co-localizes with 5-LOX activating protein (FLAP) and cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2 ) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Emerging data implicate both 5-LOX and FLAP in the disease process of cerebral ischemia [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-146a-5p can directly target FLAP mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study showed that miR-146a has a stimulatory role in HepG2 cells and promotes HepG2 cell migration and invasion by targeting FLAP mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ensembl chr 5:158,465,296. (mcw.edu)
  • It has also been shown that P65 interaction with 5-LOX activates NF-κB [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we investigated whether d4E-BP is essential under starvation and oxidative stress conditions because dFOXO activates the transcription of and mRNA levels increase upon starvation (Zinke et al. (bioxorio.com)
  • MicroRNA (miRNA), a kind of regulatory non-coding small RNA, induces degradation of target mRNA or inhibits its translation by specific or non-specific binding, thereby regulating plant growth and development. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • eIF4E the mRNA 5′ cap-binding protein is governed by its binding protein (4E-BP) a downstream target of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase [PI(3)K] signaling. (bioxorio.com)
  • The transcription of COX-1 yields a 2.7-kilobase (kb) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that encodes a 576-residue, 65-kd protein. (medscape.com)
  • Conversely, the transcription of COX-2 yields a 4.5-kb mRNA that encodes a 70-kd protein with roughly 70-75% homology to the COX-1 protein. (medscape.com)
  • The mainstay of treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report on an aggressive, infiltrating, metastatic, and ultimately lethal basaloid type of carcinoma arising shortly after an mRNA vaccination for COVID-19. (researchgate.net)
  • To test the neuroprotective efficacy of 5-LOX inhibition in a rat model of focal cerebral IR, ischemic animals were either pre- or post-treated with a potent selective 5-LOX inhibitor, (N- [3-[3-(-fluorophenoxy) phenyl]-1-methyl-2-propenyl]- N -hydroxyurea (BW-B 70C). (biomedcentral.com)
  • http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/resources/atlas/en/index.html. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • We have previously shown that fish primary preadipocytes differentiate into mature adipocytes in vitro and that these cells represent a very helpful model system to study adipose tissue development in fish [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bars show the mean ± SEM of 4-5 mice per group with dots representing data from each mouse. (jci.org)
  • The encoded protein is also suggested to play a part in formation of a sequence-specific alpha-globin mRNP complex which is associated with alpha-globin mRNA stability. (nih.gov)
  • Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The study demonstrates the neuroprotective potential of 5-LOX inhibition through down-regulation of NF-κB in a rat model of experimental stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has also been implicated in translational control of the 15-lipoxygenase mRNA, human papillomavirus type 16 L2 mRNA, and hepatitis A virus RNA. (nih.gov)
  • Lutein can alleviate oxidative and nitrosamine stress found in Post COVID 19 and mRNA vaccination Injury syndromes. (researchgate.net)
  • LECM discs seeded with 5-Fluoracil chemical structure hFLPs self-assembled into 3D organoid in culture and the cells differentiated into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. (plk-signaling.com)
  • In the present study, we used a 5-LOX inhibitor, N- [3-[3-(-fluorophenoxy) phenyl]-1-methyl-2-propenyl]- N -hydroxyurea (BW-B 70C), in a rat model of focal cerebral IR. (biomedcentral.com)