Mouse somatic cell. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mouse somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. (biomedcentral.com)
Since the discovery of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, the molecular mechanism underlying the reprogramming process has been an active area of research. (biomedcentral.com)
The stem cell field witnessed a genuine breakthrough when a combination of solely four transcription factors ( Oct3 / 4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and c-Myc, OSKM ) proved enough to revert, in vitro, the differentiated status of a variety of cell types back to pluripotency, giving rise to so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (springer.com)
Somatic cells can be inefficiently and stochastically reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by exogenous expression of Oct4 (also called Pou5f1), Sox2, Klf4 and Myc (hereafter referred to as OSKM). (umn.edu)
Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells in the absence of exogenous Sox2. (ca.gov)
Induced pluripotent stem cell technology has attracted enormous interest for potential application in regenerative medicine. (ca.gov)
The team compiled a list of compounds that effectively converted human and mouse somatic cells into chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (CiPSCs) and assessed them using the NCC assay. (news-medical.net)
Their team focuses on using human induced pluripotent stem cells to grow human tissues inside pigs. (the-scientist.com)
Researchers began to dream of a future in which a patients' own cells, perhaps from the blood or the skin, could be converted into these induced pluripotent stem cells and grown into whatever organ the patient needed. (the-scientist.com)
The resulting cells are nonproliferating and present an alternative to induced pluripotent stem cells for obtaining patient- and disease-specific neurons to be used for disease modeling and for development of cell therapy. (lu.se)
These progenitors which are derived from either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or healthy induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) express wild-type levels of a-syn, thus making them equally susceptible to developing Lewy bodies over time. (lu.se)

Along with the reorganization of epigenetic and transcriptional networks, somatic cell reprogramming brings about numerous changes at the level of RNA processing. (nih.gov)
However, a comprehensive evaluation of the involvement of RNA processing factors in the reprogramming of somatic mammalian cells is lacking. (nih.gov)
Here, we used data from a large number of studies carried out in three mammalian species, mouse, chimpanzee and human, to uncover consistent changes in gene expression upon reprogramming of somatic cells. (nih.gov)
Most striking among these are ESRP1 and ESRP2, which accelerate and enhance the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming by promoting isoform expression changes associated with mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. (nih.gov)
Our results provide a general resource for gene expression and splicing changes that take place during somatic cell reprogramming. (nih.gov)
Mouse embryonic fibroblasts isolated from transgenic Oct4-GFP reporter mice with or without Sirt6 were used for reprogramming by Yamanaka factors. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we provide evidence that Sirt6 is involved in mouse somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
And later both our group and others reported that Sirt1 can promote the efficiency of reprogramming and maintain characteristics of iPS cell [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, whether and how other sirtuins, especially nuclear epigenetic regulator Sirt6, regulate mouse somatic reprogramming still remains exclusive. (biomedcentral.com)
But the exact role of Sirt6 in mouse somatic reprogramming and iPS cell differentiation remains unrevealed. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we sought to determine the role of Sirt6 in mouse somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that Sirt6 is highly expressed in pluripotent stem cells and also it regulates the efficiency of somatic reprogramming. (biomedcentral.com)
TERC haploid cell reprogramming: a novel therapeutic strategy for aplastic anemia. (nih.gov)
Here we show that depleting Mbd3, a core member of the Mbd3/NuRD (nucleosome remodelling and deacetylation) repressor complex, together with OSKM transduction and reprogramming in naive pluripotency promoting conditions, result in deterministic and synchronized iPS cell reprogramming (near 100% efficiency within seven days from mouse and human cells). (umn.edu)
Successful reprogramming of epiblast stem cells by blocking nuclear localization of beta-catenin. (nature.com)
Exploring Confluence-Related Signalling to Modulate the Expression of Oct4 - A Role in Facilitating Mouse Somatic Cell Reprogramming? (eurekaselect.com)
As Kime explains, "over seven years ago, our reprogramming experiments suggested that we had found a way to increase cell potency beyond pluripotency, which was unlikely and had not been seen before. (sciencedaily.com)
Here, we report that a specific glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitor, CHIR99021, can induce the reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts transduced by only two factors, Oct4 and Klf4. (ca.gov)
Our studies suggest that the GSK-3 inhibitor might have a general application to replace transcription factors in both mouse and human reprogramming. (ca.gov)
Enhances the reprogramming efficiency of mouse embryonic fibroblasts transfected with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC (Li et al. (stemcell.com)
During his Ph.D. studies at Imperial College London (supervised by Professor Amanda Fisher), Dr. Bagci investigated the roles of DNA methylation in epigenetic reprogramming, and signalling pathways involved in stem cell renewal and differentiation. (imperial.ac.uk)
Cellular reprogramming is a new and rapidly emerging field in which somatic cells can be turned into pluripotent stem cells or other somatic cell types simply by the expression of specific combinations of genes. (lu.se)
Using a transgenic mouse model to specifically direct expression of reprogramming genes to parenchymal astrocytes residing in the striatum, we also show that endogenous mouse astrocytes can be directly converted into neural nuclei (NeuN)-expressing neurons in situ. (lu.se)
article{4b5db5d0-c1b6-463c-9ca2-f61b01429744, abstract = {{Cellular reprogramming is a new and rapidly emerging field in which somatic cells can be turned into pluripotent stem cells or other somatic cell types simply by the expression of specific combinations of genes. (lu.se)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
It provides a framework to explore strategies of reprogramming a cell from a differentiated state to a stem cell state through directed perturbations. (lu.se)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)
Recent breakthroughs in reprogramming differentiated cells loops. (lu.se)
A computational model of master regulators that are required for successful reprogramming the dynamics of this core network has revealed that it functions as of a differentiated cell into a cell exhibiting stem cell like a bistable switch, which in the on state, corresponds to all these properties. (lu.se)
Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)
The first part of the thesis (Paper I, II, III) shows the development and improvement of a hESC-based system of for virus-mediated direct reprogramming of human glial progenitor cells into both induced dopaminergic neurons (iDANs) and GABAergic interneurons. (lu.se)

Genetic analysis with human--mouse somatic cell hybrids. (ox.ac.uk)
A series of marsupial-eutherian somatic cell hybrids was produced by fusion between lymphocytes from the red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and HPRT-deficient mouse cells. (edu.au)
A number of HPRT-deficient revertant cell lines were derived from the hybrids. (edu.au)
Donald, JA & Hope, RM 1981, ' Mapping a marsupial X chromosome using kangaroo-mouse somatic cell hybrids ', Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics , vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 127-137. (edu.au)
Pluripotent teratocarcinoma-thymus somatic cell hybrids. (springer.com)

RNA sequencing was measured to identify the differential expressed genes due to loss of Sirt6 in somatic and pluripotent cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Sotolongo A, Klein J, Pena-Hernandez M, Johnson J, Geirsson A, Pober J, Iwasaki A, Gruber P . Abstract 12518: Susceptibility of Mature Human Myocardial Cell Types to SARS-CoV-2 Circulation 2021, 144: a12518-a12518. (yalemedicine.org)

Particularly, by performing transcriptome analysis, we observed that several pluripotent transcriptional factors increase in knockout cell line, which explains the underlying loss of pluripotency in Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiated somatic cells can be reprogrammed into a pluripotent-like state through four defined factors known to regulate pluripotency, including Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Oct-4 (POU5F1) is a transcription factor that is critically involved in the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells, and its expression is commonly used as a marker for pluripotency. (stemcell.com)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)

It has been reported that Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), a member of the sirtuin family of NAD + -dependent protein deacetylases, is involved in embryonic stem cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
OP9 feeder cell co-culture system was used to measure the hematopoietic differentiation from mouse ES and iPS cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, we showed that Sirt6-null iPS-like cell line has intrinsically a differentiation defect even though the establishment of normal self-renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
To further understand the epigenetic regulators for specific lineage differentiation from iPS cell would have great significance for potential regeneration therapy and human disease modeling [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Sirt1, the mouse homologue of yeast Sir2 deacetylates several non-histone proteins and plays roles in many key functions, including energy metabolism, differentiation, aging, and tumor suppression [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
During the preparation of our manuscript, another group reported that Sirt6 knockout ES cells skewed towards neuroectoderm differentiation [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Establishment of germ-line-competent embryonic stem (ES) cells using differentiation inhibiting activity. (springer.com)
[1] is the differentiation of the ovum (egg cell) into a cell competent to further develop when fertilized. (wikipedia.org)
This protein also forms a core subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NURD) complex that epigenetically regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
First, we utilized single cell sequencing to dissect the differentiation of stem cells to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (lu.se)

Epigenetic reversion of post-implantation epiblast to pluripotent embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
This gene thus plays a role in both cell-cycle and epigenetic regulation. (cancerindex.org)
The researchers discovered that OSK expression in cells, such as murine and human fibroblasts, may significantly repair the epigenetic environment and patterns of gene expression of aged cells. (news-medical.net)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

Primed hPSCs are treated with a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (Torin1) for 3 h and dissociated to single cells, which are plated on mouse embryonic fibroblasts in 2iLI medium, a condition essentially the same for culturing mouse embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
Passaging 40.0 times resulted in senescent fibroblasts with no growth over 14 days, morphological alterations typical of aged cells, and a rise in cell-cycle regulator p21 (CDKN1A) transcripts. (news-medical.net)
By viral expression of neural fate determinants, it is possible to directly reprogram mouse and human fibroblasts into functional neurons, also known as induced neurons. (lu.se)

In an effort to further understanding of the effects of radiofrequency (RF) radiation on somatic cell mitotic activity and germ cell function, cell suspensions were exposed to 27 megahertz (MHz) or 2,450MHz radiation under isothermal conditions in-vitro. (cdc.gov)

The protocol is suitable for studying the development of hPSCs in mouse embryos and may facilitate the generation of human cells, tissues and organs in animals. (nature.com)
However, somatic tissues are mainly comprised of heterogeneous, differentiated cell lineages that can be short lived and difficult to specifically transfect. (jci.org)
Live imaging shows that healthy skin cells surround and expel neighbours that have cancer-promoting mutations, revealing that tissues can recognize and eliminate mutant cells to prevent tumour initiation. (natureasia.com)
Human pluripotent stem cells harbor the potential to provide an inexhaustible supply of donor cells or tissues or organs for transplantation," Wu wrote in an email. (the-scientist.com)
This can range from the relatively pedestrian, such as a person who received a bone marrow transplant, to creatures that seem more at home in science fiction, such as animals containing cells or tissues belonging to other species. (the-scientist.com)
COX-1 is expressed constitutively and is isolated throughout most cell lines in almost all mammalian tissues. (medscape.com)

Second, a rapid papain dissociation resulting in a high viability single cell suspension of ovarian somatic cells in less than an hour, which can be applied from embryonic to adult ovarian samples. (edu.au)
The developmental capacity of nuclei transplanted from keratinized skin cells of adult frogs. (springer.com)
Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. (springer.com)
Following a single in vivo lentiviral transduction, genetically tagged AMs persisted in lung alveoli and expressed transferred genes for the lifetime of the adult mouse. (jci.org)
The Church also supports research and therapies using adult stem cells, which are cells that come from any person who has been born - including umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, skin and other organs. (archstl.org)
Although hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are the best characterized and the most clinically used adult stem cells, efforts are still needed to understand how to best ex vivo expand these cells. (stemcell.com)
We here argue that electrical coupling - in addition to chemical synapses - may therefore contribute to the formation of at least some cell assemblies in adult animals. (degruyter.com)
The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
The fact that the DNA of a fully differentiated (adult) cell could be stimulated to revert to a condition comparable to that of a newly fertilized egg and to repeat the process of embryonic development demonstrates that all the genes in differentiated cells retain their functional capacity, although only a few are active. (who.int)
In 2007, a team at Kyoto University created pluripotent stem cells from adult human somatic cells (4). (the-scientist.com)
Taken together, our data provide proof of principle that direct neural conversion can take place in the adult rodent brain when using transplanted human cells or endogenous mouse cells as a starting cell for neural conversion. (lu.se)

It became a hot topic in 1996 when Dolly the sheep was cloned via a process called somatic cell nuclear transfer. (archstl.org)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)
Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)

Telomerase RNA TERC and the PI3K-AKT pathway form a positive feedback loop to regulate cell proliferation independent of telomerase activity. (nih.gov)
A prolonged macrophage lifespan, rather than precursor cell proliferation, accounted for the surprisingly sustained presence of transduced AMs. (jci.org)
Hoang-Minh LB, Dutra-Clarke M , Breunig JJ, Sarkisian MR. Glioma Cell Proliferation is Enhanced in the Presence of Tumor-derived Cilia Vesicles. (uclahealth.org)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

To our knowledge, this is the first time that human iPS cells have been generated from somatic cells without exogenous Sox2 expression. (ca.gov)
The authors of the present study previously demonstrated that ectopically induced transcription factors, Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), and Kruppel-like factor 4 ( KLF-4) (collectively known as OSK factors) among mammals can reverse aging by restoring youthful patterns of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, transcriptomic profiles, and tissue functioning without cell identity loss. (news-medical.net)
At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)

Studies were also conducted on liposome permeability, and a mathematical model was used to calculate radiation energy absorption in mammalian cell models. (cdc.gov)

In assessing genotoxicity, any evidence of genetic damage, cell death or neoplastic transformation is evidence of genotoxicity. (whale.to)
Peter Gorer shows in mouse studies at JAX that transplant rejection is primarily governed by what he calls the H2 genetic locus, later described as the major histocompatibility complex, a key component of immunity. (jax.org)
The study assessed the genetic expression patterns of chemically treated cells compared to aged human-origin cells and OSK(MYC)-induced murine and human iPSC. (news-medical.net)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)
The genetic change is found in all of the affected person's cells. (medlineplus.gov)
This type of genetic change is called a somatic variant. (medlineplus.gov)

Furthermore, they support the concept that splicing factors with evolutionarily conserved, cell type-specific expression can modulate the efficiency of the process by reinforcing intermediate states resembling the cell types in which these factors are normally expressed. (nih.gov)
Telomerase expression plays a role in cellular senescence, as it is normally repressed in postnatal somatic cells resulting in progressive shortening of telomeres. (nih.gov)
Deregulation of telomerase expression in somatic cells may be involved in oncogenesis. (nih.gov)
TERT expression is associated with metastasis from thin primaries, exhausted CD4+ T cells in melanoma and with DNA repair across cancer entities. (nih.gov)
Activation of muscle-specific genes in pigment, nerve, fat, liver, and fibroblast cell lines by forced expression of MyoD. (springer.com)
Directed gene transfer into specific cell lineages in vivo is an attractive approach for both modulating gene expression and correcting inherited mutations such as emphysema caused by human α1 antitrypsin (hAAT) deficiency. (jci.org)
C and D ) Luciferase expression after a single lentiviral (CMV-luc) infection, imaged 1 week ( C ) and 16 months ( D ) later in the same mouse. (jci.org)
E and F ) Schematic of lentiviral vectors CMV-luc ( E ) and PGK-GFP-IRES-luc ( F ). ( G ) Quantification of luciferase gene expression (total photon flux over the indicated thoracic region of interest) was followed for 42 weeks in three C57BL/6J mice after instillation of CMV-luc. (jci.org)
CCD camera imaging demonstrated in vivo expression of the luciferase reporter gene, while flow cytometry of cells obtained by BAL from this mouse demonstrated expression of GFP in 33% of cells. (jci.org)
When they examined small clusters of cells a few days before they matured into the blastocyst-like structures, they found that the cells contained gene expression for totipotency that are found in two-cell embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
In the vertebrate CNS, HB9/MNR2 transcription factors are specifically expressed in all somatic motoneurons and are necessary to distinguish motoneurons from interneurons, in part by repressing interneuron-specific gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
Mouse HB9 maintains expression in somatic motoneurons, whereas chick HB9 is expressed only in postmitotic somatic motoneurons. (jneurosci.org)
Activation of OCT4 enhances ex vivo expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by regulating HOXB4 expression. (stemcell.com)
Specifically, a variety of other cellular populations have been identified that possess phenotypic characteristics similar to Langerhans cells, including expression of CD207 and Birbeck granules. (medscape.com)
Microarray profiling of hypothalamic gene expression changes in Huntington's disease mouse models. (lu.se)
Hypothalamic expression of huntingtin causes distinct metabolic changes in Huntington's disease mice. (lu.se)

Naive human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used to generate mature human cells of all three germ layers in mouse-human chimeric embryos. (nature.com)
Effects of 27 MHz radiation on somatic and germ cells. (cdc.gov)
Received 12 February 2009 of chemicals on germ cell mutagenicity. (cdc.gov)
Prior to the clas- sification work, the technical guidance for classification of germ cell mutagens was prepared. (cdc.gov)

In vertebrates, chick MNR2 and mouse HB9 are expressed in presumptive somatic motoneuron progenitors. (jneurosci.org)
Today, clinical trials using stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors have commenced. (lu.se)
Next, in order to study the potential of autologous cell replacement therapy we transplanted progenitors derived from a PD patient into a pre-clinical rat model. (lu.se)

George D. Snell of The Jackson Laboratory won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions. (jax.org)

The Catholic Church has always held that stem-cell research and therapies are morally acceptable, as long as they don't involve the creation and destruction of human embryos. (archstl.org)
The data presented in this thesis may serve as valuable resources to help optimize future cell replacement therapies for patients suffering from PD. (lu.se)

Martin GR. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. (springer.com)
Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. (springer.com)
Here, we describe a protocol for generating mouse-human chimeric embryos by injecting naive hPSCs converted from the primed state. (nature.com)
Established naive hPSCs are injected into mouse blastocysts, which produce E17.5 mouse embryos containing 0.1-4.0% human cells as quantified by next-generation sequencing of 18S ribosomal DNA amplicons. (nature.com)
Fig. 7: NGS quantification of human DNA in mouse-human chimeric embryos. (nature.com)
Transient inhibition of mTOR in human pluripotent stem cells enables robust formation of mouse-human chimeric embryos. (nature.com)
According to Kime, "perhaps our most important finding was that natural molecules found in the early mouse embryo can reprogram cultured cells to become surprisingly similar in function to early embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
Cells within the precursors resembled embryos at an earlier stage before compaction, which was good evidence that the precursor clusters might include totipotent cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The implanted structures often grew and produced many types of cells that resembled those naturally found in early developing embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers in Jun Wu's lab compare normal mouse embryos (left) to horse-mouse chimeric embryos (right) to identify barriers to interspecies chimerism. (the-scientist.com)

Somatic gene therapy represents mainstream basic and clinical research, in which therapeutic DNA (either integrated in the genome or as an external episome or plasmid) is used to treat disease. (omicsonline.org)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)

It was concluded that deoxyribonuclease, batch U8AGS, formulated in phosphate buffered saline did not induce micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow of male mice when dosed intravenously with up to 400 mg/kg/day (an estimate of the maximum tolerated dose for this study), under the experimental conditions employed. (europa.eu)
I. Induction of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow by the insecticide Dursban. (cdc.gov)
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of idiopathic disorders characterized by the presence of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells juxtaposed against a backdrop of hematopoietic cells, including T-cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. (medscape.com)

That's why Father Pacholczyk, director of education at the National Catholic Bioethics Center in Philadelphia, said that the efforts to help people understand the immorality of embryo reserch, including human cloning, must focus on humanizing the issue and appreciating our own embryonic origins, not just on the desired results of embryonic or other types of stem-cell research. (archstl.org)
After many more cell divisions, the embryo turns into a blastocyst that is implanted in the womb where it differentiates and grows into a fetus. (sciencedaily.com)
We think that the developmental cues that exist in the pig will help to guide the human cells inside the porcine embryo. (the-scientist.com)

Mammalian oocytes are maintained in meiotic prophase arrest for a very long time-months in mice, years in humans. (wikipedia.org)
In humans and mice, hotspots are specified by PRDM9, a meiosis-specific PRDM family protein (Baudat et al. (springer.com)

Such single gene disorders are good candidates for somatic cell therapy. (omicsonline.org)
The working group of the Histiocyte Society divided histocytic disorders into three groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)
Animals with human cells could provide donor organs or help us understand neuropsychiatric disorders. (the-scientist.com)
Physical activity is linked with a reduced risk of somatic disorders. (lu.se)
By modeling different brain disorders in mice, we can explore how running exercise affects molecular processes. (lu.se)

Cell Stem Cell 18 , 301-303 (2016). (nature.com)

Our results challenge the dogma that AMs are short lived and suggest that these differentiated cells may be a possible target cell population for in vivo gene therapy applications, including the sustained correction of hAAT deficiency. (jci.org)

Thus, Drosophila HB9 is required in a subset of motoneurons and interneurons for establishing proper axon projections but does not have a general role in distinguishing motoneuron and interneuron cell types. (jneurosci.org)
The CNS contains three primary cell types: motoneurons, interneurons, and glia. (jneurosci.org)
Together, vertebrate HB9/MNR2 transcription factors are expressed in all somatic motoneurons and excluded from interneurons. (jneurosci.org)
Drosophila HB9 differs from its vertebrate orthologs in several ways: it is not expressed in all somatic motoneurons, it is expressed in a subset of interneurons, and it is required for the proper development of both interneurons and motoneurons. (jneurosci.org)

Cell 168 , 473-486 e415 (2017). (nature.com)
Cell 169 , 243-257 e225 (2017). (nature.com)

First, an enzymatic dissociation utilising collagenase and a temporary, primary cell culture step using neonatal mouse ovaries which yields large quantities of granulosa cells from primordial, activating, and primary follicles. (edu.au)
First successful transplantations of ovaries between female mice are performed by William Russell at JAX. (jax.org)

Inside are pluripotent cells--cells that can become any type of cell in the body, but not the placenta--while the outer shell is made from trophoblasts--cells that eventually form the placenta. (sciencedaily.com)
Totipotency is the highest order of cell potency: one totipotent cell can form the placenta and the body. (sciencedaily.com)
It consists of cells that ultimately form the placenta, which provides nutrition to the egg after it has been fertilized and connects to the uterine wall. (medscape.com)

While in the mouse, methods to obtain individual, mature follicles are well-established, the separation and isolation of single cells of all types from early mouse follicles, including somatic cells, has been more challenging. (edu.au)
Herein we present two methods for the isolation of somatic cells in the ovary. (edu.au)

Somatic cell therapy is viewed as a more conservative, safer approach because it affects only the targeted cells in the patient, and is not passed on to future generations. (omicsonline.org)
however, the strength of the recommendation to treat should be based on the patient's willingness to accept therapy as well as the prognosis for AIDS-free survival as determined by the HIV RNA copy per mL of plasma and the CD4+ T cell count. (cdc.gov)
Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
Transplantations of fetal tissue in the 1980s and 1990s provided proof-of-concept for the potential of cell replacement therapy for PD and some patients benefitted greatly from their transplants. (lu.se)
The overall aim of this thesis has been to assess the potential of autologous grafting in cell replacement therapy for PD. (lu.se)

The nature of the predominant rate-limiting barrier(s) preventing the majority of cells to successfully and synchronously reprogram remains to be defined. (umn.edu)

Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. (springer.com)
Fig. 5: Injecting naive hPSCs into mouse blastocysts. (nature.com)
The study shows that the blastocyst-like structures very closely resemble actual blastocysts, and even induce proper changes in the uterus after being implanted in pseudo-pregnant mice. (sciencedaily.com)
They found that many genes related to the outer/inner cell fates of blastocysts were present in the induced structures, but at lower than natural levels, indicating that the new technique does not perfectly reproduce blastocysts. (sciencedaily.com)

Mediates ex vivo expansion of cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (Huang et al. (stemcell.com)

[7] The cells that comprise the follicle, known as granulosa cells, are connected to each other by proteins known as gap junctions, that allow small molecules to pass between the cells. (wikipedia.org)
The granulosa cells produce a small molecule, cyclic GMP , that diffuses into the oocyte through the gap junctions. (wikipedia.org)
Luteinizing hormone acts on receptors in the outer layers of granulosa cells of the follicle, causing a decrease in cyclic GMP in the granulosa cells. (wikipedia.org)
[5] Because the granulosa cells and oocyte are connected by gap junctions, cyclic GMP also decreases in the oocyte, causing meiosis to resume. (wikipedia.org)

Initially the arrest is due to lack of sufficient cell cycle proteins to allow meiotic progression. (wikipedia.org)
Initially sought as pets, the Granby mice become important in research. (jax.org)

The best available evidence suggests that glioblastomas originate from cells that give rise to glial cells. (bmj.com)
Direct neuronal conversion of resident glial cells is advantageous since they are ubiquitously distributed brain cells able to self-renew and replenish their number, making them ideal candidates for endogenous repair. (lu.se)

Effects of excitotoxicity in the hypothalamus in transgenic mouse models of Huntington disease. (lu.se)

1981. Absorption and distribution of intubated insecticides in fasted mice. (cdc.gov)

Recently, it has been shown through the use of PDE4A knock out mice that PDE4A may play a role in the regulation of anxiety and emotional memory. (wikipedia.org)
As CXXC1 is orthologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spp1 that links DSB sites to the DSB machinery on the chromosome axis, we propose that these molecular interactions involved in the regulation of meiotic DSB formation are conserved in mouse meiosis. (springer.com)

PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9) is a major regulator of the localization of meiotic recombination hotspots in the human and mouse genomes. (springer.com)

Stem Cell Reports. (uclahealth.org)

It is thus challenging to identify those cells that belong to a given cell assembly and equally formidable to define criteria on which identification of cell assembly members could be based. (degruyter.com)

Cells in the two-cell stage are totipotent--they can become any type of cell. (sciencedaily.com)
On the basis of recent vertebrate studies, the HB9/MNR2 gene family is a prime candidate for a general determinant of somatic motoneuron cell type. (jneurosci.org)
The term Langerhans cell histiocytosis is generally preferred to the older term, histiocytosis X. This newer name emphasizes the histogenesis of the condition by specifying the type of lesional cell and removes the connotation of the unknown ("X") because its cellular basis has now been clarified. (medscape.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms2

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes19

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science2

Induced plur11

Reprogramming31

Hybrids5

Expressed genes1

Abstract1

Pluripotency4

Differentiation10

Epigenetic4

Fibroblasts3

Mitotic1

Tissues6

Adult12

Nuclear transfer4

Proliferation5

Sox23

Mammalian cell1

Genetic6

Expression16

Germ4

Progenitors3

Regulate1

Therapies2

Embryos10

Therapeutic2

Bone marrow3

Embryo3

Humans2

Disorders5

20161

Gene therapy1

Interneurons4

20172

Ovaries2

Form the placenta3

Isolation2

Therapy5

Reprogram1

Blastocysts4

Hematopoietic1

Granulosa cells4

Initially2

Glial cells2

Transgenic mouse1

19811

Regulation2

Regulator1

Stem Cell Reports1

Identification1

Type3