Motility genes formation biofilms. Medical search. Frequent questions

S. aureus produces large biofilm formations that support its pathogenicity and confer protection and subsequently drug resistance ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Vibrio splendidus Fur regulates virulence gene expression, swarming motility, and biofilm formation, affecting its pathogenicity in Apostichopus japonicus. (echinobase.org)
Another important characteristics of NGR are so called «quorum sensing» - the mechanism that controls the production of many factors of pathogenicity, and ability to form biofilm, the structure and physiological nature of which provide decreased susceptibility to antibiotics, antiseptics, and to immune system. (cmac-journal.ru)

Strains were ctx- negative but carried genes for other virulence determinants (hemolysin, proteases, and types I-IV and VI secretion systems). (cdc.gov)
Although some V. mimicus strains produce cholera toxin (CTX) or a cholera-like toxin or have genes from the ctx complex, most do not ( 1 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Any drug impairing crucial processes for bacterial life will inevitably lead to the development of drug-resistant strains, whereas the inhibition of biofilm formation might prevent the onset of bacterial resistance. (intechopen.com)
In this section, we will focus on proteins involved in biofilm formation as useful targets for the development of new drugs that can effectively and specifically impair biofilm formation with slight effects on cell survival, thus avoiding the generation of drug-resistant strains. (intechopen.com)
Two newly identified genetic loci, dltABCD and phoPR, were selected for deletion analysis and both ΔdltABCD and ΔphoPR bacterial strains displayed biofilm formation defects in the PVC microtiter plate assay, confirming these loci contribute to biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. (harvard.edu)
Sub-objective 4.1: Analysis of ExPEC isolated from chickens and humans: biofilm assays, virulence gene profiles, antimicrobial resistance profiles, whole genome comparison of ExPEC strains isolated from chicken and human infections. (usda.gov)
We will use omic technologies to analyze a large variety of strains of each of the pathogens to identify genes and proteins necessary for pathogens to survive stresses encountered in food environments and cause human illness. (usda.gov)
Specifically, biofilm formation and associated conjugation on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surfaces with 10 μm tall protruding patterns were studied using fluorescently labeled donor and recipient strains of Escherichia coli. (syr.edu)
Interestingly, most isolates including strong biofilm producers displayed production levels of PIA (polysaccharide intercellular adhesin), the main S. epidermidis extracellular polysaccharide, similar to reference S. epidermidis strains classified as non-biofilm formers, and much lower than those classified as intermediate or high biofilm formers, possibly suggesting that high levels of PIA production do not confer a particular advantage for clinical isolates. (rossimicrolab.com)
Furthermore, reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the changes of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, hly and eae) expression in representative strains of E. coli O157:H7 during mixed species biofilm formation. (spkx.net.cn)
The results showed that the motility of the three tested strains of E. coli O157:H7 was lower than that of the four strains of Pseudomonas when they were cultured separately (P (spkx.net.cn)
Instead, biofilm formation by the four Pseudomonas strains was significantly inhibited by the three strains of E. coli O157:H7 (P (spkx.net.cn)
rpoB gene sequencing revealed a predominance of A. pittii (45.8 %) and A. baumannii (33.3 %) strains. (biomedcentral.com)
A pittii and A. baumannii strains were similar in motility, but A pittii strains had significantly more biofilm production ( P value = 0.018). (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore Acinetobacter strains were sequenced typed and preliminary characterized for motility and biofilm formation/maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we investigated bacterial attachment, cell alignment and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on periodic nano-pillar surfaces with different pillar spacing. (rsc.org)
4,5 For example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , an organism well-known for its capacity to form biofilms, is an opportunistic pathogen and is one of the top three causes of opportunistic human infections, 6 causing nosocomial infections in catheter lines, or chronically infecting the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. (rsc.org)
Previous studies of the opportunistic nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 have shown that inulin and to a greater extent FOS reduce growth and biofilm formation, which was found to be due to a decrease in motility and exotoxin secretion. (ugr.es)
When co-cultured with E. coli O157:H7, the swimming motility of Pseudomonas was inhibited considerably. (spkx.net.cn)
Interaction between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas during the Formation of Mixed-Species Biofilm and Its Effect on the Expression of Virulence Genes[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(20): 135-147. (spkx.net.cn)
Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas [J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 0, (): 0-0. (spkx.net.cn)
Pseudomonas aeruoginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and is a primary cause for nosocomial infections.Motility in Pseudomonasis mediated by the action of flagella that are complex dynamic structures composed of numerous proteins. (rcb.res.in)
The research in our lab focuses on structural studies of macromolecular complexes involved in regulation of genesresponsible for biofilm and flagella expression in Pseudomonas. (rcb.res.in)
The functioning of the EPS matrix in holding cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa together and forming the mature biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The exopolysaccharide genes such as pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB and alginate genes are responsible for the formation of pseudomonas biofilms. (ukessays.com)
The microcarriers made up of dextrons in the range of 60-90µm in size are used as a surface for Pseudomonas aeruginosa to form biofilms. (ukessays.com)
Propolis mampu menghambat pembentukan biofilm dengan cara mendegradasi extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), mengurangi motilitas bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan mengacaukan fungsi autoinducer AHL. (ub.ac.id)

Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous advantages to microorganisms. (kegg.jp)
Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments. (kegg.jp)
V. cholerae also forms biofilms upon colonization on their copepod symbionts. (kenyon.edu)
Regulated in parallel to CT are pilus genes, which allow effective colonization of the digestive tract. (kenyon.edu)
In addition, flagella play a crucial role in adhesion to substrate, biofilm formation and colonization. (rcb.res.in)
However, they appear to have an important role in controlling microbial overgrowth, reducing the number of bacteria in the dental biofilm, decreasing colonization and modifying bacterial metabolism. (bvsalud.org)

After using whole genome sequencing, they found that long-term infection leads to significant genetic changes, as well as physical changes, such as progressive declines in bacterial motility, and changes in biofilm formation over time. (drexel.edu)
This study focused on the changes in biofilm activity and related metabolic pathways of S. aureus treated with lactic acid bacteria planktonic CFS (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm state (LAB-bf-CFS). (frontiersin.org)

At low cell density, biofilm genes, including Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) biosynthesis genes and the major extracellular matrix genes RbmA, RbmC, and Bap1, are expressed. (kegg.jp)
The extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms: could we shorten the treatment of mycobacterial infections? (microbialcell.com)
However, these components are not necessarily the constituents of the extracellular matrix of mycobacterial biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
Bacteria are generally studied in the research laboratories as single cell suspensions called as planktonic cultures, however, in nature, bacteria primarily exist as a community encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix called as biofilms. (microbialcell.com)

In a piece of work carried out by the Carbohydrate Metabolism Research Team of the Institute of Agrobiotechnology, the discovery has been made of the way in which the glgS gene (now renamed as the "surface composition regulator", scoR) acts in bacteria and how the mechanisms involved in bacterial infection can be altered by manipulating this gene, which indirectly affects glycogen production. (europa.eu)
As Javier Pozueta, director of the Carbohydrate Metabolism Research Team that carried out the work, explained, "We can say that we may have found an additional way of combating bacterial infections and contamination by encouraging the formation of glycogen in bacteria. (europa.eu)
Additionally, ChIP-chip identified a number of novel direct FabR targets (the intergenic regions between hpaR / hpaG and ddg / ydfZ ) and yet putative direct targets ( i.a. genes involved in tRNA metabolism, ribosome synthesis and translation). (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the potential impacts of planktonic bacteria (LAB-pk-CFS) and biofilm colonies (LAB-bf-CFS) on the metabolism of S. aureus biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
The chemical compositions of the cellular components are mainly made up of polysaccharides (40%-95%), proteins (1%-60%), lipids (1%-40%), and nucleic acids (1%-10%), which have a significant effect on growth and metabolism of the biofilm. (learnlifescience.com)

The second maturation phase is reached at stage 4 with fully mature biofilms, as indicated by the complex biofilm architecture. (biomedcentral.com)

The identification of mutants bearing insertions within several flagellar motility genes previously known to be required for the initial stages of biofilm formation validated the ability of the mutagenesis screen to identify L. monocytogenes biofilm-defective mutants. (harvard.edu)
In addition, pyrD inactivation reduced flagellar motility and strongly affected biofilm formation by downregulating transcription of both type 1 fimbriae and curli subunit genes. (rossimicrolab.com)

To identify genes necessary for L. monocytogenes biofilm formation, we performed a transposon mutagenesis library screen using a recently constructed Himar1 mariner transposon. (harvard.edu)
Transcriptomic and genetic approaches to identify genes associated with H. pylori biofilm growth. (skander-hathroubi.net)
To identify genes in EPS production beyond the EPS biosynthetic gene operon, we selected the EPS-defective mutants of R. pseudosolanacearum strain SL341 from Tn5-inserted mutant pool. (ppjonline.org)

Bacteria can be found in planktonic form or in specific conditions, as sessile aggregates on both biotic and abiotic surfaces originating complex structures known as biofilm. (intechopen.com)
Biofilms may form on living (biotic) or non-living (abiotic) surfaces and can be prevalent in natural, industrial, and hospital settings. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic requirement and transcriptomics of Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation on abiotic and biotic surfaces. (skander-hathroubi.net)

The findings demonstrated that the LAB-CFS treatment considerably slowed Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) growth and prevented it from forming biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat membentuk biofilm dan merupakan salah satu penyebab RSK. (ub.ac.id)
Pembentukan biofilm Staphylococcus aureus melalui 4 tahap yaitu tahap perlekatan, quorum sensing (QS), maturasi dan pelepasan, QS merupakan tahap paling penting pada proses pembentukan biofilm. (ub.ac.id)
Malang Indonesia sebagai QSI pada isolat biofilm Staphylococcus aureus dari RSK berdasarkan penurunan AIP, histidine kinase, ekspresi gen agr dan morfologi biofilm. (ub.ac.id)
Malang Indonesia sebagai QSI pada isolat biofilm Staphylococcus aureus dari RSK. (ub.ac.id)
Kultur Congo Red didapatkan biofilm Staphylococcus aureus berwarna hitam. (ub.ac.id)

High cellular levels of c-di-GMP promote enhanced transcription of genes involved in biofilm formation, possibly by promoting VpsT-mediated transcriptional activation of vps genes. (kegg.jp)
All the previously identified E. coli FabR transcriptional target genes ( fabA , fabB and yqfA ) were shown to be direct S. Typhimurium FabR targets as well. (biomedcentral.com)
But the bacterial growth in biofilms requires a varied but coordinated transcriptional, proteomic and metabolomic profile. (microbialcell.com)

[10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
The biofilm resident bacteria also display phenotypic drug tolerance and thus it has been hypothesized that the drug unresponsiveness in vivo could be due to formation of biofilms inside the host. (microbialcell.com)
These phenotypic transitions are generally regulated at the level of transcription which is an essential process for modulating gene expression profiles in bacteria. (rcb.res.in)
Comparative sequence analysis of the rpoB gene was performed coupled with phenotypic characterization of antibiotic resistance, motility, biofilm production and clinical correlation. (biomedcentral.com)

Because of the protected environment, bacteria within biofilms are less sensitive to environmental stresses, including disinfectants and antibiotics, and are as a consequence very difficult to eradicate [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Type IV pili are ubiquitous surface appendages in Gram-negative bacteria that promote diverse activities including attachment, virulence, biofilm formation, horizontal gene transfer, and twitching motility [ 1 - 5 ]. (biorxiv.org)
Biofilm formation requires three different stages: cell attachment to a solid substrate, adhesion, and growth. (intechopen.com)
Surface topography designed to achieve spatial segregation has shown promise in delaying bacterial attachment and biofilm growth. (rsc.org)
In particular, surface modifications that physically create rational surface topographies have attracted attention in recent years, and have shown to inhibit bacterial attachment and biofilm growth without the use of antimicrobials. (rsc.org)
The molecular level effects on motility, attachment/invasion of eukaryotic cell lines, and biofilm formation. (usda.gov)
The effects the other bacteria have on Campylobacter survival, aggregation (auto-aggregation and co-aggregation), attachment and biofilm development on poultry skin. (usda.gov)
Building on our previous research, we will investigate strain diversity and mechanisms of tolerance to stresses, including acid and exposure to antimicrobial compounds, as well as investigate factors affecting attachment and biofilm formation of Campylobacter. (usda.gov)
Microbes form a biofilm in response to a number of different factors, [9] which may include cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or in some cases, by exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics . (wikipedia.org)
The formation of a biofilm begins with the attachment of free-floating microorganisms to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
The development of the biofilm starts with the attachment of the freely moving planktonic cell to a surface. (ukessays.com)

The two variants exhibit different capability to form biofilms and to express genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis, flagellar synthesis, and the AI-2 quorum-sensing system [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
By mutant screening, we showed a knock-out mutant of fabR , encoding a repressor of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (UFA), to have impaired biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
As we found a fabB overexpressing strain to partly mimic the biofilm defect of the fabR mutant, the effect of FabR on biofilms can be attributed at least partly to FabB, which plays a key role in UFA biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Next to UFA biosynthesis, a number of these direct targets and other indirect targets identified by transcriptomics (e.g. ribosomal genes, ompA , ompC , ompX , osmB , osmC, sseI ), could possibly contribute to the effect of FabR on biofilm formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Overall, our results point at the importance of FabR and UFA biosynthesis in Salmonella biofilm formation and their role as potential targets for biofilm inhibitory strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
Among several EPS-defective mutants, we identified a mutant, SL341P4, with a Tn5-insertion in a gene encoding a putative NDP-sugar epimerase, a putative membrane protein with sugar-modifying moiety, in a reverse orientation to EPS biosynthesis gene cluster. (ppjonline.org)

These proteins are important components in the machinery that regulates transcription of M. xanthus developmental genes. (syr.edu)

1,2 The unique structure of biofilms protects bacteria from the surrounding environment, conferring a capacity for persistence against phagocytosis, oxidative stresses, nutrient/oxygen restriction, metabolic waste accumulation, interspecies competition, and conventional antimicrobial agents. (rsc.org)
Bacteria can adhere and grow on multiple surfaces and persist within biofilms in food processing plants, providing resistance to sanitizers and other antimicrobial agents. (harvard.edu)
Bacterial communities that are attached to a surface, so-called biofilms, and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are a cause of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Formation of these sessile communities and their inherent resistance to antimicrobial agents are at the root of many persistent and chronic bacterial infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogenic bacteria are known to switch phenotype such as planktonic to biofilms, to reduce sensitivity towards antimicrobial agents. (rcb.res.in)

The differentially expressed genes and proteins linked to S. aureus biofilms have been identified using transcriptomic and proteomic investigations ( 14 - 17 ). (frontiersin.org)

The absence of either OxyR or PNAG1 resulted in enhanced biofilm formation, higher surface hydrophobicity, and increased motility, implying that K-locus-driven polysaccharide production in both the oxyR and PNAG1 deletion mutants may be related to these phenotypes. (korea.ac.kr)

Biofilms (so called because macroscopically they do look like a thin layer of slime) have a distinct architecture, consisting of tower- and mushroom-shaped microcolonies encased in a hydrated matrix of exopolymeric substances, polysaccharides and proteins that are produced by the resident microorganisms. (biomedcentral.com)
A biofilm comprises any syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilms can attach to a surface such as a tooth or rock, and may include a single species or a diverse group of microorganisms. (wikipedia.org)
Guest lecture microbiology and pathogenesis for undergraduates and graduates: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Microbiology and pathogenesis METX 119-02 online, summer session online classes: Biofilm, the social life of microorganisms. (skander-hathroubi.net)
According to Vidyasagar (2016), biofilms are a collective of one or more types of microorganisms that can grow on many different surfaces, and bacteria, fungi, and protists are the most common microorganism that forms this type of biofilm. (learnlifescience.com)
Biofilm is also defined as a cluster of microorganisms that stick to non-biological surfaces, such as rocks in a stream, as well as to surfaces on plants or in animals. (learnlifescience.com)
A biofilm forms when certain microorganisms adhere to the surface of some object in a moist environment and begin to reproduce. (learnlifescience.com)
In a study on biofilm, Stoodley (2002) showed that biofilm formation seems to be an ancient and fundamental part of the life cycles of many microorganisms and essential for survival in diverse environments. (learnlifescience.com)
Biofilm formation represents a protected mode of growth that not only allows cells to survive in hostile environments but also to colonize new niches by dispersal of microorganisms from the microbial clusters. (learnlifescience.com)
He also mentions that microorganisms produce a wide variety of QS signaling molecules that can be self-recognized in a concentration-dependent manner and subsequently induce or suppress the expression of QS-controlled genes. (learnlifescience.com)

The quorum sensing (QS) pathway of Vibrio cholerae activates the expression of VpsR, VpsT and AphA (the main activators of biofilm formation) at low cell density and HapR (the main repressor) at high cell density. (kegg.jp)
Quorum sensing är bakteriers förmåga att kommunicera med varandra och ger dem möjligheten att uppvisa en form av multicellularitet. (slu.se)
Men det krävs vidare forskning och en djupare förståelse för hur quorum sensing kan användas som måltavla för läkemedel på ett säkert sätt för patienten och miljön innan det kommer tas i bruk. (slu.se)
Quorum sensing, C-di-GMP, and sometimes s-RNA regulate the biofilm formation. (learnlifescience.com)
Subramani (2019) said that Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of intercellular signaling or cell-cell communication and a vital regulatory mechanism for coordinating biofilm formation including common activities and physiological processes such as symbiosis, formation of spores or fruiting bodies, antibiotics synthesis, genetic competence, apoptosis, and virulence in many bacterial species using extracellular QS signaling molecules, which is often referred to as autoinducers. (learnlifescience.com)
Quorum sensing Inhibitor (QSI) merupakan salah satu pendekatan strategis untuk pengembangan terapi baru pengobatan biofilm bakteri. (ub.ac.id)

Bacterial cells can colonize surfaces and form biofilms that consist of microbial cells embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). (rsc.org)
Bacteria predominantly grow inside multicellular communities attached to solid surfaces and enclosed in a self-produced polymeric matrix, called biofilms [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It was shown for example that an incomplete LPS fraction does not affect biofilm formation capacity of Salmonella on hydrophobic gallstone surfaces, but highly reduces its biofilm capacity on hydrophilic glass surfaces [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
There are two motility systems, the adventurous system (A-motility) and the social system (S-motility), used by M. xanthus cells to navigate across surfaces. (syr.edu)

The planktonic cells grow very rapidly whereas the bacterial adhering takes some time to form biofilm in other case. (ukessays.com)

Biofilms are an ensemble of microbial cells irreversibly associated with a surface and enclosed in an essentially self-produced matrix. (intechopen.com)
The microbial cells growing in a biofilm are physiologically distinct from planktonic cells of the same organism, which, by contrast, are single cells that may float or swim in a liquid medium. (wikipedia.org)
In a biofilm, microbial cells stick to each other and often also to a surface. (learnlifescience.com)

Research on pathogenic E. coli will focus on examining the association between acid tolerance in STEC and virulence potential, curli expression, biofilm formation, and persistence. (usda.gov)

What researchers found most surprising was that some bacterial traits typically associated with pathogenesis (namely motility and biofilm formation) actually became less pronounced over time. (drexel.edu)
Investigating Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis in the lab of Dr. Karen Ottemann. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Helicobacter pylori biofilm formation and its potential role in pathogenesis. (skander-hathroubi.net)
Lecture Biofilm and its role in pathogenesis Master degree graduates. (skander-hathroubi.net)

An interesting characteristic of this bacterium is its ability to form biofilms that display complex heterogeneity: individual, clonal cells develop diverse phenotypes in response to different environmental conditions within the biofilm. (nature.com)
This bacterium is also protected by a sticky biofilm formed by groups of the organism, which strengthens its resistance to antibiotics. (drexel.edu)
With so many genes involved, it is perhaps not surprising that biofilm formation is regarded as a developmental process (Figure 1 ), not unlike that observed in the formation of fruiting bodies containing spores by the soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A biofilm usually begins to form when a free-swimming bacterium attaches to a surface. (wikipedia.org)

3 Bacterial biofilms can cause persistent human infections and can foul the surface of medical devices. (rsc.org)
3,6 Biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa is responsible for antimicrobial tolerance and causes major problems for treatment of infections. (rsc.org)
3,8 Therefore, it is important to develop biomaterials that can control biofilm growth thereby reduce infections. (rsc.org)
In fact, it was shown that the majority of all bacterial infections are related to biofilm growth, stressing the importance of this life style [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The capacity of S. aureus to build biofilms is correlated with the severity of infections ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Biofilms have been shown to colonize a wide variety of medical devices and to be associated with several human diseases, such as native valve endocarditis, burn wound infections, chronic otitis media with effusion and cystic fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of bacterial community behavior point to therapeutic targets that may provide a means for the control of biofilm infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Mouse-models for H. pylori infections and imaging approaches (CSLM and SEM) to characterize the biofilm structure its components. (skander-hathroubi.net)

In this present work we try to grow planktonic cultures and biofilms cultures on the microcarriers in a fermentor separately. (ukessays.com)
biofilms as the default mode of growth mean that biofilms normally grow as biofilms and planktonic cultures are an in vitro artifact. (learnlifescience.com)

Looking back, research on biofilms has come a long way since the initial characterization of a biofilm by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. (biomedcentral.com)

Additionally, it inhibits the physiological traits of the S. aureus biofilm, including hydrophobicity, motility, eDNA, and PIA associated to the biofilm. (frontiersin.org)

Bacterial type IV pili are critical for diverse biological processes including horizontal gene transfer, surface sensing, biofilm formation, adherence, motility, and virulence. (biorxiv.org)
2,9-11 A comprehensive understanding of the interactions between bacteria and materials with different surface topographies may pave the way for more effective strategies to control biofilm growth. (rsc.org)
Fundamental to cell contact with the anode, electron transfer and thus the functioning of the MFC is the formation of specialized biofilms on the electrode surface. (ukri.org)
[8] [5] The first colonist bacteria of a biofilm may adhere to the surface initially by the weak van der Waals forces and hydrophobic effects. (wikipedia.org)
As an important surface property, topography has been shown to affect bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. (syr.edu)
Here, we demonstrate that micrometer-scale surface topographies also affect horizontal gene transfer through conjugation in bacterial biofilms. (syr.edu)
The biofilms are formed by the organism with the association with a surface. (ukessays.com)
Generally the twitching motility of the P.aeruginosa helps to use its unipolar flagellum to adhere a surface. (ukessays.com)
The locus of the psl polysacchide genes encode the cells to adhere to a surface and thus maintaining the biofilm structure. (ukessays.com)
In addition to surface motility, the development of fruiting bodies relies on largescale changes in gene expression that are coordinated by the production of cell-cell signals. (syr.edu)
Mutations in three activator genes caused defects in surface motility and fruiting body development. (syr.edu)

A novel role for enzyme I of the Vibrio cholerae phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system in regulation of growth in a biofilm. (kegg.jp)
This regulator itself shows an enhanced expression in the presence of high c-di-GMP concentrations [ 12 ], a secondary messenger molecule which has been studied extensively in regulation of bacterial multicellular behavior, motility and virulence [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The regulation of flagellar and biofilm genes is brought about primarily at the transcription level through the action of a number of dedicated regulatory proteins. (rcb.res.in)
Through our structural work on transcription repressor AraR, we have provided essential insights into long-standing fundamental questions in the field of regulation of gene expression and uncovered the mechanistic details of the diverse approaches utilized by transcription modulators to bind different DNA sequences without compromise on specificity and affinity thereby regulating gene expression to different extents at different promoters. (rcb.res.in)

Antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter raises the probability of treatment failure in humans and animals, as well as the propagation of antimicrobial resistance genes. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterial biofilms are highly tolerant to antimicrobials and play an important role in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance based on horizontal gene transfer due to close cell-to-cell contact. (syr.edu)
The struggle of bacteria to escape from growth restriction eventually results in development of antibiotic-resistance through the expression of a set of genes. (molcells.org)

We expected, based on anecdotal observations and single strain reports, that the genome of B. cenocepacia was flexible, but we had no idea of the scope and scale of how promiscuous the gene content and genome architecture would be in a modest-sized patient cohort," said co-corresponding author, Corey Nislow, PhD, an assistant professor at the University of British Columbia. (drexel.edu)
Approximately 10,000 transposon mutants within L. monocytogenes strain 10403S were screened for biofilm formation in 96-well polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microtiter plates with 70 Himar1 insertion mutants identified that produced significantly less biofilms. (harvard.edu)
A motility (motB) mutant of the recipient strain exhibited defects in biofilm formation at the "hot spots" and conjugation, which were recovered by complementing the motB gene on a plasmid. (syr.edu)
We show that, in the AIEC strain LF82, inactivation of the pyrD gene, encoding dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHOD), an enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, completely abolished its ability of to grow in a macrophage environment-mimicking culture medium. (rossimicrolab.com)
Furthermore, QS-mediated biofilm formation and swimming motility in the mutant strain BB152 (AI-1 - , AI-2 + ) were significantly reduced in the presence of HU-210. (huji.ac.il)

The general understanding is that the cell density of the bacteria leads to the activated genes resulting in the luminescent ability. (slu.se)

It is a second messenger that modulates a variety of bacterial growth phenotypes including biofilm formation. (learnlifescience.com)

Biofilm is a complex matrix consisting of extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins that protect bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses allowing them to survive in hostile environments. (intechopen.com)
The biofilm matrix consists of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA and constitutes a stubborn source that protects bacteria from a variety of physical, chemical, and biological stresses. (intechopen.com)
[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
Interestingly, lipids (mainly keto-mycolic acids) are proposed to be the primary component of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the pellicle biofilm, whereas the leukocyte lysate-induced and thiol reductive stress-induced biofilms possess polysaccharides as the primary component of EPS. (microbialcell.com)
Using a microfluidic device, an increased amount of polysaccharides and enhanced biofilm formation were observed following continuous exposure to H 2 O 2 and removal of the H 2 O 2 -sensing key regulator, OxyR, in Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1 cells. (korea.ac.kr)
The structure of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix of biofilms is composed of one or more extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins. (learnlifescience.com)

General secretion pathway (eps) genes required for toxin secretion and outer membrane biogenesis in Vibrio cholerae. (kegg.jp)

Five uncharacterized genes have been inactivated to test for defects in motility and development. (syr.edu)

A number of non-tuberculous mycobacterium species are opportunistic pathogens and ubiquitously form biofilms. (microbialcell.com)
This study can provide a scientific basis for revealing the interaction between food-borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria during mixed biofilm formation and for risk assessment, prevention and control. (spkx.net.cn)

Even when grown in liquid mixed cultures, where environmental conditions are assumed to be homogeneous, B. subtilis cells can be found as single flagellated cells or as non-flagellated chained cells due to stochastic variation in the expression of motility-related genes 3 . (nature.com)
The availability of complete bacterial genome sequences, together with the development of microarrays with which the expression of the entire genome of an organism grown under two conditions can be assayed, has launched the post-genomic era of biofilm research and generated a wealth of new information. (biomedcentral.com)
But a comparison of the differentially expressed gene sets identified in several recent DNA microarray studies [ 7 - 10 ] reveals that no common expression pattern for biofilms has yet emerged. (biomedcentral.com)
One explanation for these apparent discrepancies is that DNA microarrays provide a sensitive but transient snapshot of gene expression and that gene expression does not necessarily directly correlate with phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
We introduced the B. subtilis degS gene into L. monocytogenes, and showed that this leads to highly increased expression of motility and chemotaxis genes, in a DegU-dependent fashion. (pasteur.fr)
We show that although the unphosphorylated form of DegU retains much of its activity in vivo, expression of motility and chemotaxis genes is lowered in the degU(D55N) mutant. (pasteur.fr)
Indeed, a L. monocytogenesDeltaptaDeltaackA mutant that can no longer synthesize acetyl phosphate was found to be strongly affected in chemotaxis and motility gene expression and biofilm formation. (pasteur.fr)
It was also found that the expression of the four virulence genes in the biofilm was higher than that in planktonic cells (P (spkx.net.cn)
Streptococcus thermophilus IMAU20551 eps gene cluster and its expression analysis [J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2022, 43(22): 0-0. (spkx.net.cn)
Gene expression analysis revealed that genes located in PNAG1, but not those in PNAG2, were induced and that genes in the K-locus were expressed in the presence of H 2 O 2 . (korea.ac.kr)
Interestingly, the expression of the K-locus gene was enhanced in the PNAG1 mutant and vice versa. (korea.ac.kr)
Gene expression analysis revealed that genes located in PNAG1, but not those in PNAG2, were induced and that genes in the K-locus were expressed in the presence of H2O2. (korea.ac.kr)
In the case of transcription modulators, effector binding can either increase (activation) or decrease its affinity to the DNA (derepression) thereby altering the gene expression. (rcb.res.in)
Thus, transcription modulators serve as molecular switches, turning on and off the expression of genes. (rcb.res.in)
It also alters the expression of several genes, which are regulated by QS, specifically downregulating the genes of the AI-2 QS cascade. (huji.ac.il)
Circzfp644 shared miRNA response elements with the growth arrest specific 7 (Gas7) gene and competitively bound with miR-20-5p to increase the expression of Gas7. (besjournal.com)
In this research project we try to quantify the gene expression of the above genes pilB, pslA, lecA, ureB using rpoD as the house keeping gene. (ukessays.com)
The gene expression is quantified using real time PCR. (ukessays.com)
The results from the planktonic and biofilm gene expression results are compared. (ukessays.com)
In M. xanthus, expression of many developmentally regulated genes is controlled by σ54 promoters and NtrC-like activator proteins. (syr.edu)
The goal of the current investigation was to examine lung injury, inflammation, oxidant generation, and effects on the lung global gene expression profile following a whole-body acute or sub-chronic inhalation exposure to COV. (cdc.gov)
One and 28 d after acute exposure, and 1, 28, and 90 d following sub-chronic exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on the left lung to collect cells and fluid for analyses, the apical right lobe was preserved for histopathology, and the right cardiac and diaphragmatic lobes were processed for gene expression analyses. (cdc.gov)
Minimal gene expression changes were detected only at the 28 d post-exposure time interval in both the exposure groups. (cdc.gov)
CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results from this exposure paradigm, including concentration, duration, and exposure chamber parameters, did not indicate significant and toxicologically relevant changes in markers of injury, oxidant generation, inflammation, and gene expression profile in the lung. (cdc.gov)

B. subtilis possesses a complex regulatory network that leads the cells within the biofilm to generate a phenotypically heterogeneous population. (nature.com)
The VarS/VarA signaling system responds to an unknown environmental cue and represses biofilm production by process which involves the regulatory sRNAs CsrB, CsrC and CsrD and the RNA-binding protein CsrA, interfering with LuxO of the QS pathway. (kegg.jp)
Knowledge about the complex regulatory processes in biofilm formation can provide more insight into survival strategies of S. Typhimurium in non-host environments and can be the fundament of new eradication methods. (biomedcentral.com)
We will synthesise and characterize a novel synthetic biology toolbox of genes, regulatory elements and delivery vectors which will be made freely available to the synthetic biology community via the open access BioBrick Registry at MIT. (ukri.org)

This researcher, who is of Iranian origin, has studied the mechanism of the action of the glgS gene in bacteria and in various Salmonella species, which in certain cases can cause diseases and acute symptoms in humans. (europa.eu)
Biofilm formation is an important survival strategy of Salmonella in all environments. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to unravel how this regulator impinges on Salmonella biofilm formation, we aimed at elucidating the S . Typhimurium FabR regulon. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the presence of flagella and fatty acid containing structures such as lipopolysaccharides was shown to be important in Salmonella biofilms [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The deduced amino acid sequences of these ORFs showed a high degree of homology to the deduced amino acid sequences of the rfbC, rfbD, rfbA, and rfbB genes of Salmonella typhimurium LT2, which have been shown to encode a set of enzymes responsible for conversion of glucose 1-phosphate to dTDP-rhamnose. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Living in the matrix: assembly and control of Vibrio cholerae biofilms. (kegg.jp)
Genom att studera symbiosförhållandet mellan bläckfisken Euprymna scolope och bakterien Vibrio fisheri, ökade förståelsen kring hur celldensiteten hos bakterierna ledde till det aktiverade gensvaret, vilket visade sig i en självlysande förmåga hos den typen av bakterier. (slu.se)

Investigating Esherichia coli macrocolony biofilms and their architectures. (skander-hathroubi.net)

The exopolysaccharide matrix is the important component of the biofilm. (ukessays.com)

That significant fractions of the bacterial genome could be involved in, or affected during, biofilm formation was shown in Escherichia coli in a genome-wide screen using random chromosomal insertions of a lacZ reporter gene fusion construct [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Altogether, our results suggest that the crucial role played by the pyrD gene in AIEC virulence, and the presence of structural differences between E. coli and human DHOD allowing for the design of specific inhibitors, make E. coli DHOD a promising target for therapeutical strategies aiming at counteracting chronic inflammation in CD by acting selectively on its bacterial triggers. (rossimicrolab.com)

The analysis of isogenic mutants has shown that genes of this genomic island encode proteins involved in growth, biofilm formation and motility. (ugr.es)

While whole genome sequencing has led to the identification of biofilm synthesis gene clusters in many bacterial species, bioinformatics has not identified the biofilm synthesis genes within the L. monocytogenes genome. (harvard.edu)
Instead, in different studies different genes are found up- and down-regulated, in varying numbers ranging from 1% to 38% of the total genome. (biomedcentral.com)
DegU is considered to be an orphan response regulator in Listeria monocytogenes since the gene encoding the cognate histidine kinase DegS is absent from the genome. (pasteur.fr)

Since bacteria have a proclivity for rapidly acquiring and propagating the resistance gene, antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter has a negative impact on public health. (bvsalud.org)
Compared with their planktonic (non-adherent) counterparts, the compact microbial consortia present in biofilms show extraordinary resistance to conventional biocides, antimicrobial treatments and the immune defense responses of the host. (biomedcentral.com)
The struggle against this challenge leads bacterial cells to express a set of genes and eventually enables them to develop resistance against antibiotics. (molcells.org)

The second messenger cAMP acts as a repressor of biofilm formation. (kegg.jp)

Then, at stage 2, the cells attach irreversibly, a step mediated mainly by exopolymeric substances, and the cells lose their flagella-driven motility. (biomedcentral.com)
Subpopulations of cells within the biofilm differentiate to perform various activities for motility, matrix production, and sporulation, supporting the overall success of the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
They can be found very early in Earth's fossil records (about 3.25 billion years ago) as both Archaea and Bacteria, and commonly protect prokaryotic cells by providing them with homeostasis, encouraging the development of complex interactions between the cells in the biofilm. (wikipedia.org)
Gas7 and Circzfp644 functions were determined by miRNA-mimics and inhibitors in mouse teratocarcinoma cells (F9 cells), and luciferase gene reporter assay was assessed in the F9 cells. (besjournal.com)
For example, in many occasions bacterial colonies are sessile and their expansion is driven by growth rather than by cell motility, but these sessile colonies normally preserve a subpopulation of motile cells for reasons that are not well understood 17 . (nature.com)
M. xanthus cells live in biofilms and feed on other bacteria to obtain nutrients. (syr.edu)
These signals help M. xanthus cells coordinate transcription of developmentally regulated genes. (syr.edu)

It has been shown that the power output of MFCs and that the power density was directly dependent on biofilm growth and composition. (ukri.org)

2020. A role for the Fem-1 gene of Drosophila melanogaster in adult courtship . (truman.edu)

Anatomy8

Organisms18

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs29

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture8

Information Science2

Health Care4

Pathogenicity3

Strains15

Pseudomonas12

Colonization6

Changes in biofilm2

Extracellular matrix4

Metabolism5

Mature biofilms1

Flagellar motility2

Identify genes3

Biotic3

Staphylococcus6

Transcriptional3

Phenotypic4

Bacteria within biofilms1

Attachment10

Biosynthesis6

Regulates1

Antimicrobial agents5

Differentially expressed genes1

Polysaccharide1

Microorganisms11

Quorum6

Surfaces4

Form biofilm1

Microbial cells3

Curli1

Pathogenesis4

Bacterium4

Infections8

Planktonic cultures2

Characterization1

Hydrophobicity1

Surface11

Regulation4

Antibiotic resistance3

Strain5

Cell density1

Bacterial growth1

Polysaccharides6

Secretion1

Defects1

Pathogens2

Expression24

Regulatory4

Salmonella5

Vibrio2

Macrocolony1

Exopolysaccharide1

Coli2

Proteins involved1

Genome3

Resistance3

Repressor1

Cells7

Density1

20201