Motility actin cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape and motility. (wikipedia.org)
DRAM2 overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. (cancerindex.org)
Actin modulating proteins that bind polyphosphoinositides, such as phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2), can potentially participate in receptor signaling by restructuring the membrane cytoskeleton and modulating second messenger generation through the phosphoinositide cycle. (rupress.org)
The observed changes in cell motility and membrane signaling are consistent with the hypothesis that PIP(2)-binding actin regulatory proteins modulate phosphoinositide turnover and second messenger generation in vivo. (rupress.org)
We infer that CapG and related proteins are poised to coordinate membrane signaling with actin filament dynamics following cell stimulation. (rupress.org)
Although neither plasma lipid levels nor circulating immune cell numbers were decisively altered, plasma proteomics revealed a switch in the plasma proteome, consisting of 231 dysregulated proteins comparing wildtype with Stab1/2-single and Stab1/2-double KO, and of 41 proteins comparing ApoE-, ApoE-Stab1-, and ApoE-Stab2-KO. (bvsalud.org)
Adherence: Shigella dysenteriae uses structural gene proteins called invasion plasmid antigens (Ipa) to attach to the surface of epithelial cells and M cells (specialized cells that transport antigens across the intestinal mucosa). (stemcelldaily.com)
The Ipa proteins also trigger the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by the host cells, which attract immune cells to the site of infection. (stemcelldaily.com)
Invasion: Shigella dysenteriae uses a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject four Ipa proteins (IpaA, IpaB, IpaC, IpaD) into the cytoplasm of the target cells. (stemcelldaily.com)
These proteins induce membrane ruffling and actin polymerization on the cell surface, leading to the formation of an endocytic vacuole that engulfs the bacteria. (stemcelldaily.com)
To confirm the immunohistochemical results, three proteins, fascin, CK14 and laminin-5γ2, which were overexpressed in ESCC on tissue microarray, were detected in 12 ESCC cell lines by Western blot assay. (biomedcentral.com)
The actin-binding protein Girdin is a hub protein that interacts with multiple proteins to regulate motility and Akt and trimeric G protein signaling in cancer cells. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
It was the early 2000s, and Mukherjee was working in Dennis Shields's lab at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, studying how cells organize the internal transport of proteins and other cargo. (the-scientist.com)
and proteins that interact with members of the Arp2/3 complex and hence the actin cytoskeleton (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
MyoA is part of a membrane-associated protein complex called the glideosome, which is essential for parasite motility and includes the MyoA light chain myosin tail domain-interacting protein (MTIP) and several glideosome-associated proteins (GAPs). (crick.ac.uk)
The Rho proteins cycle within the cell between the active GTP-bound form and the inactive GDP-bound form, the cycle being regulated by a number of activators and inhibitors. (wjon.org)
For drug discovery research, AMSBIO offers assays, recombinant proteins and cell lines. (onenucleus.com)
In Chapter 2, I examined how proteins secreted by cancer cells can promote a tumor-permissive microenvironment through the recruitment of suppressive innate and adaptive immune cells to the lungs. (ubc.ca)
I demonstrated that tumor cells secreted proteins that drove the recruitment and/or expansion of pulmonary TAMs, Tregs, and granulocytic-MDSCs (G-MDSCs), resulting in increased primary lung tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells, respectively. (ubc.ca)
Targeting tumor-secreted proteins, or the suppressive immune cells that are expanded in response to said proteins, led to a decrease in primary and metastatic pulmonary disease. (ubc.ca)
For example, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-2 and −9, have been shown to be typical NF-κB target proteins that are responsible for extracellular matrix breakdown and cell invasion ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Our data suggest that EL suppresses lung cancer cell motility and invasion by altering FAK activity and subsequent activation of downstream proteins needed for focal adhesion formation and cytoskeletal rearrangement. (biomedcentral.com)
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and steroid receptor coactivator (c-Src) are signaling proteins that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility by influencing actin polymerization and focal adhesion turn-over [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Lamellipodial protrusion and directional migration of carcinoma cells towards chemoattractants, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), depend upon the spatial and temporal regulation of actin cytoskeleton by actin-binding proteins (ABPs). (rupress.org)
The finer striations visible in EM are due in part to addi-tional structural proteins, and in part to zones of overlap be-tween actin and myosin. (brainkart.com)
While actin and myosin are present and responsible for motility in essentially all cells, a peculiarity of the striated muscle (apart from the sheer amount and regular, parallel packing) is the presence of two additional proteins associ-ated with the actin filaments. (brainkart.com)
Myosin binding protein-C (MyBP-C) is a muscle regulatory protein that speeds actomyosin cycling kinetics in response to adrenaline (b-adrenergic stimuli) and is one of the two most commonly affected proteins linked to HCM. (bio5.org)
And the internal surface has actin filaments such as talin, paxillin, vinculin, tensin and proteins that provide interactions between membrane receptor proteins [ 1 - 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Members of the Rho family of small G proteins transduce signals from plasma-membrane receptors and control cell adhesion, motility and shape by actin cytoskeleton formation. (embl.de)
Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Chemotaxis of neutrophils involves movement of pseudopodia and polymerization of cytoskeletal proteins or actin. (medscape.com)

The motile phenotype was similar to that observed with gelsolin overexpression, which in addition to capping, also severs and nucleates actin filaments. (rupress.org)
It uses IcsA to recruit actin filaments at one pole of the bacterium and form a comet tail that propels it through the cytoplasm. (stemcelldaily.com)
Interlinked actin filaments span the body of the cell and contribute to a cell's stiffness. (iciam2023.org)
The molecular motor myosin can induce constriction of the cell by moving actin filaments against each other. (iciam2023.org)
Vahokoski J, Calder L, Lopez AJ, Molloy JE, Kursula I & Rosenthal PB (2022) High-resolution structures of malaria parasite actomyosin and actin filaments. (uib.no)
it is initiated by membrane protrusion, which is mediated by the dynamics of actin filaments [ 1 - 2 ] that assemble as a network at the leading edge of migrating cells [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Cofilin stimulates actin depolymerization and severance of actin filaments at the protruding ends, thereby promoting their rapid turnover and determining the direction of cell movement [ 4 - 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
They correspond to densely and regularly packed filaments of actin and myosin, each composed of numerous, linearly polymerized subunits 2 . (brainkart.com)
The myosin heads are in close proximity to the actin filaments, but in the resting state direct contact be-tween actin and myosin is blocked by the tropomyosin fil-aments. (brainkart.com)
The cytoplasmic membrane there forms in-vaginations called T (transversal) tubules, which protrude into the cell interior and enter into immediate contact with the SR cisterns, which in turn are aligned to the contractile filaments. (brainkart.com)

Overexpression of RhoC is associated with cell proliferation and causing tumors to become malignant. (wikipedia.org)
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits proliferation and promotes cell migration. (nih.gov)
Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of DRAM2 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
Additionally, DRAM2 overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of DRAM2 expression yielded opposite result. (cancerindex.org)
PAKs are implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes including growth factor receptor-mediated proliferation, cell polarity, cell motility, cell death and survival, and actin cytoskeleton organization. (umbc.edu)
Furthermore, silencing PrP c expression with si-PRNP amplified the fucoidan-induced changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. (iiarjournals.org)
AMSBIO has in-depth expertise in extracellular matrices to provide elegant solutions for studying cell motility, migration, invasion and proliferation. (onenucleus.com)
Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
It is reportedly involved in many physiological functions of cells, including apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Also, our mutants induced proliferation, glucose uptake, inhibited the migration of 293T cells and affected the responsiveness of the cells to cisplatin and radiation. (scielo.br)
Moreover, we found that knockdown of Annexin A2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion of NSCLCs cells. (jcancer.org)
Knockdown of Annexin A2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and invasion of NSCLCs cells, and the biological effect of Annexin A2 on proliferation and invasion was mediated by the inhibition of p53, which in turn, promoted cell cycle progression and EMT. (jcancer.org)
Changing surface characteristics of scaffolds was a way to promote regeneration and ion implantation was one of the methods to modify surface properties which play a huge role in enhancing the proliferation and integration of cells. (omicsonline.org)
In this study, it was observed that the ion implantation stimulated the neural proliferation and the implantation of different ions on cell culture surfaces was essential to determine the effects of this technique on adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis properties of cells in details. (omicsonline.org)
They are endowed with GTP hydrolytic activity, mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cell motility, but also involved in cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The time effects of acidic pH e stress were determined with respect to tumor cell proliferation, phenotypic regulation, autophagic control, metabolic plasticity, mitochondrial network dynamics, and metastatic potentials. (biomedcentral.com)
Like other solid tumors, PDAC adopts fermentative glycolysis as an additional metabolic mechanism to compensate for the impaired oxidative phosphorylation to support cell survival and proliferation [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Chemoattractant exposure increases cell volume and potentiates neutrophil migration, but the causal link between these processes is not known. (elifesciences.org)
Through NHE1 inhibition in primary human neutrophils, we show that cell swelling is both necessary and sufficient for rapid migration following chemoattractant stimulation. (elifesciences.org)
Our data demonstrate that cell swelling complements cytoskeletal inputs for chemoattractant-induced potentiation of migration. (elifesciences.org)
This paper will be of interest to cell biologists and biophysicists working on cell migration. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast to the extensive work characterizing the actin regulators that underlie cell motility, we have a relatively poor understanding of the molecular regulators of water influx during cell migration. (elifesciences.org)
Neutrophils are a powerful system to study the biophysical demands of cell motility, as they acutely initiate rapid migration following stimulation with chemoattractant. (elifesciences.org)
Hence, correct cytoskeletal regulation is crucial for the control of cell behaviour, such as cell division and migration. (iciam2023.org)
By regulating filamentous actin, Cdc42 and Rac exert a profound effect on cell shape, polarity, migration, cell:cell and cell:matrix adhesion, protein traffic, and cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell motility and migration are known to be regulated by the Rho family of GTPases through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. (wjon.org)
Cell motility and migration are known to be regulated by the Rho family of GTPases through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton, cell-substrate adhesion as well as in membrane ruffling and lamellipodia extension [ 1 - 5 ]. (wjon.org)
Over expression of RhoC was found to be correlated with prognosis in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with enhanced RhoC expression resulting in an increase in migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells [ 7 , 8 ], while RhoA and RhoC up-regulation have been shown to be associated with tumor progression in ovarian carcinoma [ 9 ]. (wjon.org)
Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha (PTPα is a widely expressed transmembrane-bound protein that has been implicated in integrin signaling, focal adhesion formation, and normal cell migration. (ubc.ca)
During normal cell migration, cells use focal adhesions to facilitate cycles of cell adhesion to, and release from, the extracellular matrix (ECM). (ubc.ca)
Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, while cell invasion was detected by a Matrigel‑coated Transwell method. (spandidos-publications.com)
Non-toxic concentrations of EL inhibited lung cancer cell migration and invasion in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the protective effects of lignans for healthy lung tissue, and their anti-migratory effects for other cancer types, we hypothesized that EL would inhibit lung cancer cell migration. (biomedcentral.com)
Slingshot (SSH) is a member of the conserved family of cofilin phosphatases that plays a critical role in cell membrane protrusion and migration by transforming inactive phosphorylated cofilin to an active form. (oncotarget.com)
Furthermore, we found that Pls3 cell-autonomously regulates cell migration by regulating actin cytoskeleton organization, and its levels are inversely proportional to neural migration speed. (nature.com)
In particular, we found that Cul3 controls the abundance of Plastin 3 (Pls3), a novel player of neural cell migration, whose amount is inversely proportional to neural cell migration speed. (nature.com)
Finally, we found that CRISPR-mediated activation of Cul3 transcription fully rescues neural cell migration defects. (nature.com)
The effects on cancer cell migration and motility were evaluated by wound-healing and transwell assays. (biomedcentral.com)
Such activation is known to affect cell migration and outgrowth of axons and dendrites in vivo. (embl.de)
Cells exhibit three distinct modes of migration when invading the 3 D environment. (biomedcentral.com)

The development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progresses a multistage process, collectively known as precursor lesions, also called dysplasia (DYS) and carcinoma in situ (CIS), subsequent invasive lesions and final metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
A multistage process has been proposed for the evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), in which normal squamous epithelia undergo a series of histological and genetic progression towards noninvasive precursor lesions, i.e., dysplasia (DYS) and carcinoma in situ (CIS), then towards invasive cancer, and, finally towards deep invasion and metastasis to lymph nodes and other organs. (biomedcentral.com)
This low survival may result from the metastasis of cancer cells and arising resistance to drugs. (oncotarget.com)
Patient prognosis is largely dependent on development of metastasis which is related to factors such as angiogenesis and the invasiveness and motile nature of breast cancer cells. (wjon.org)
Cancer cells can exploit normal mechanisms of cellular motility to facilitate invasion and metastasis, the process by which cancer cells disseminate to distant organs. (ubc.ca)
Therefore, administration of EL may serve as a safe and complementary approach for inhibiting lung tumor cell motility, invasion, and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, our data provide evidence for how PLC is involved in the formation of protrusions in breast carcinoma cells during chemotaxis and metastasis towards EGF. (rupress.org)
Annexin A2 has been involved in cancer cell adhesion, invasion and metastasis. (jcancer.org)
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal changes in cell phenotype has been defined as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which plays a critical role in cancer metastasis [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Changes in filamentous actin (F-actin) fiber density and length in EL-treated cells were determined using phalloidin-conjugated rhodamine dye and fluorescent microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
TFL was measured in right and left atrial myocytes using deconvolution optical microscopy and staining for filamentous actin with phalloidin and for the thin filament pointed-end with an antibody to the capping protein Tropomodulin-1 (Tmod1). (bio5.org)

In MCF10A/HER2 cells, TGF-beta enhanced cell motility, FAK phosphorylation, F-actin assembly, and focal adhesion formation and inhibited RhoA activity. (nih.gov)
The role of substrate adhesion is minimal, and it remains unknown if and how a cell can migrate without any adhesions. (iciam2023.org)
Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton plays crucial roles in many cellular functions, including morphology, motility, and adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
Focal adhesion structures bear resemblance to invadopodia, which are dynamic actin-based protrusions that form on the plasma membrane of cancer cells. (ubc.ca)
Local inflammation induces the differentiation of bronchial fibroblasts into α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive myofibroblasts and increases their longevity ( 5 ) through paracrine (for example TGFβ-dependent) and cell adhesion-dependent mechanisms ( 3 , 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The adhesions between cultured cells and the material surface are called focal attachments or adhesion plaques. (omicsonline.org)
EMT converts polarized and immotile epithelial cells to motile mesenchymal cells, accompanied by loss of cell-cell adhesion, planar and apical-basal polarity, and acquired mesenchymal features, including motility, invasiveness and enhanced resistance to apoptosis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Preventing cell spreading by depolymerizing the actin cytoskeleton with Latrunculin B abrogates this initial volume loss in neutrophil-like differentiated HL-60 (dHL-60) cells ( fig. S1F ). (elifesciences.org)

Capturing and quantifying these interactions between myosin and actin in living cells is an ongoing challenge. (iciam2023.org)
While many pathogenic microorganisms are taken into cells by passive phagocytosis, "malaria parasites actively move into a host cell, and they use their own actin-myosin system to do that," Kappe explains. (the-scientist.com)
Myosin A (MyoA) is a Class XIV myosin implicated in gliding motility and host cell and tissue invasion by malaria parasites. (crick.ac.uk)
The arrangement and the workings of actin, myosin, tro-ponin and tropomyosin in striated muscle are summarized in Figure 6.3. (brainkart.com)
The heads of myosin are allowed to access their binding sites on actin. (brainkart.com)
This will both propel the myosin filament along the actin `track'and trigger the intrinsic ATPase activ-ity of myosin. (brainkart.com)
the myosin heads, then, com-prise both the oar and the biceps, whereas the actin filament is merely the water. (brainkart.com)

While the involvement of actin polymerization in membrane protrusion is well-established, we have a more limited understanding of the role of transmembrane water flow in cell motility. (elifesciences.org)
In all systems, these GTPases are best known for their effects on the polymerization and distribution of actin in the cell cortex [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Kumpula EP, Lopez AJ, Tajedin L, Han H & Kursula I (2019) Atomic view into Plasmodium actin polymerization, ATP hydrolysis, and fragmentation. (uib.no)
Upon release, we find that cofilin binds to and severs F-actin, which is coincident with actin polymerization and lamellipod formation. (rupress.org)

In TGF-beta-treated MCF10A mammary epithelial cells overexpressing HER2 and by chromatin immunoprecipitation, we identified novel Smad targets including protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type kappa (PTPRK). (nih.gov)
We examined these possibilities by overexpressing CapG, an actin filament end capping, Ca(2+)- and polyphosphoinositide-binding protein of the gelsolin family. (rupress.org)
Roy's team had found that "this protein called AnkX, when microinjected into cells-even at picomole levels-could cause the entire Golgi to fragment in, like, five minutes," Mukherjee says. (the-scientist.com)
In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
In mammalian cells, as many as twenty types of protein have been reported to bind to activated Cdc42 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Adams had identified the Duffy binding protein that is essential for Plasmodium to dock to red blood cells and then enter them. (the-scientist.com)
Stathmin1 ( STMN1) is a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein known as oncoprotein 18 involved in the regulation of the cell cycle as the protein that destabilizes microtubules. (biomedcentral.com)
Background: The putative functions of the cellular prion protein (PrP c ) are believed to be associated with cell signaling, differentiation, survival, and cancer progression. (iiarjournals.org)
Here, I investigate the role of one intrinsic factor (receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha) and one extrinsic factor (ionizing radiation) in facilitating cancer cell invasion. (ubc.ca)
Gene and protein expression levels of FAK-Src signaling molecules in EL-treated lung cancer cells were determined using PCR arrays, qRT-PCR, and western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
Bendes ÁÁ, Kursula P & Kursula I (2022) Structure and function of an atypical homodimeric actin capping protein from the malaria parasite. (uib.no)
Jacot D, Tosetti N, Pires IP, Stock J, Graindorge A, Hung YF, Han H, Tewari R, Kursula I & Soldati-Favre D (2016) An apicomplexan actin-binding protein serves as a connector and lipid sensor to coordinate motility and invasion. (uib.no)
Salamun J, Kallio JP, Daher W, Soldati-Favre D & Kursula I (2014) Structure of Toxoplasma gondii coronin - an actin-binding protein that relocalizes to the posterior pole of invasive parasites and contributes to invasion and egress. (uib.no)
Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37,000-Dalton outer envelope protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Sequence analysis, expression, and deletion of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a homolog of profilin, a eukaryotic actin-binding protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Two widely-used housekeeping genes in RT-PCR are GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase), a key molecule that facilitates the conversion of food to energy during a process called glycolysis, and β-actin, structural protein needed by cells to retain its shape, integrity, and motility. (hello100.com)
Here we tested the previously proposed hypothesis that the actin-binding protein nebulin contributes to TFL regulation in the heart by using a cardiac-specific nebulin cKO mouse model (αMHC Cre Neb cKO). (bio5.org)

RhoA functions in the regulation of actomyosin contractility, RhoB has been shown to regulate cytokine trafficking and cell survival, while RhoC appears to be important in cell locomotion. (wjon.org)
Mechanisms of cellular motility are highly conserved and regulate many physiological processes including embryonic development, wound healing, and angiogenesis. (ubc.ca)

Three isoforms of Rho, Rho A, B and C, show a high degree of homology having over 85% amino acid sequence homology, however, they exhibit different cellular roles in the regulation of the cytoskeleton and cell motility [ 6 ]. (wjon.org)
Here, we provide the first in vivo data that directly visualize the spatial and temporal regulation of cofilin by PIP 2 in living cells. (rupress.org)

Cytoskeletal dynamics and spindle assembly during cell division. (irb.hr)
Rather, PDAC cells use a distinct and lengthy process of reversible adaptive plasticity centered on the early fast and later slow mitochondrial network dynamics and metabolic adjustment. (biomedcentral.com)

It is likely that cytoskeletal rearrangements and water influx collaborate in a wider range of cell morphological and migratory contexts than are currently appreciated. (elifesciences.org)

Pospich S, Kumpula EP, von der Ecken J, Vahokoski J, Kursula I & Raunser S (2017) Near-atomic structure of jasplakinolide-stabilized malaria parasite F-actin reveals the structural basis of filament instability. (uib.no)
Sokullu E, Dağcı T, Gözen O, Ersoy F, Öztarhan A (2017) The Effects of Carbon and Gold Ion Implanted Surfaces on Neuronal Stem Cells' Functions. (omicsonline.org)

Those data suggest that multiple aspects of Girdin function and its role in tumor cell responses to anticancer therapeutics must be reconsidered. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

Non-toxic concentrations of EL were identified for A549 and H460 human lung cancer cells by conducting 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-Dephenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assays. (biomedcentral.com)
The anti-migratory and anti-invasive potential of EL for lung cancer cell lines was determined by scratch wound healing and Matrigel® invasion assays. (biomedcentral.com)
Methods include single molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM), mechanical force measurements in permeabilized muscle cells, in vitro motility assays, biochemical enzyme and binding assays, immunofluorescent imaging, knockout/transgenic animal models and the development of a natural large animal model of HCM. (bio5.org)

Conversely, in amoeboid movement cells have a rounded morphology, the movement is independent from proteases but requires high Rho GTPase to drive elevated levels of actomyosin contractility. (biomedcentral.com)

Plasma proteome effects on monocytes were studied by single-cell RNA sequencing in vivo, and by gene expression analyses of Stabilin ligand-stimulated and plasma-stimulated bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
Stably transfected cells were tested for their invasiveness and migratory properties in vitro . (wjon.org)
Lentivirus can effectively transduce both dividing and non-dividing mammalian cells, and integrate into the host genome, allowing stable long-term, high-level gene expression both in vivo and in vitro. (onenucleus.com)
I demonstrated that using glucose restriction of CD8⁺ T cells in vitro led to improved tumor regression in vivo. (ubc.ca)

A common theme of these processes is a dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton which has now emerged as a major switch control mainly carried out by Rho and Rac GTPase subfamilies, playing an acknowledged role in adaptation of cell motility to the microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)

It also interferes with the host cell cycle and apoptosis (programmed cell death) by modulating various signaling pathways. (stemcelldaily.com)
In the present study, we found that Girdin is involved in DNA damage-induced cancer cell apoptosis. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)

Chronic inflammation and tissue fibrosis have long been considered to induce phenotypic shifts in cancer cells, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which accounts for the formation of cancer invasive front. (spandidos-publications.com)

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histological type of esophageal cancer in China. (biomedcentral.com)
NSCLCs including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma, constitute 80% of all lung cancers [ 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)

PAKs are Rho family GTPase-regulated kinases that serve as important mediators in the function of Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) and Rac. (umbc.edu)

While radiation is an effective treatment option, there have been reports showing the surviving fraction of cells may exhibit increased invasiveness. (ubc.ca)
To estimate the effect of the asthmatic microenvironment on the invasiveness of lung cancer cells, the present study compared the behavior of human non‑small cell lung cancer A549 cells exposed to the signals from human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) derived from non‑asthmatic donors (NA HBFs) and from asthmatic patients (AS HBFs). (spandidos-publications.com)

Cdc42 and Rac - ancient, highly conserved, small GTPases - mediate extracellular signals, triggering changes in transcription and in the actin cytoskeleton. (biomedcentral.com)
EL decreased phosphorylation of FAK and its downstream targets, Src, paxillin, and decreased mRNA expression of cell motility-related genes, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 in lung cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53. (cancerindex.org)

By then it was known that Listeria infects cells such as macrophages-motile human immune cells that engulf pathogens and cellular debris-by being taken up into vacuoles and breaking out of those vacuoles into the cytoplasm. (the-scientist.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
These cellular components can include cells of the innate immune system, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and eosinophils, as well as cells of the adaptive immune system, including CD4⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) and cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells. (ubc.ca)
The lion's share of this calcium is not obtained from the extra-cellular space (via the voltage-gated Ca ++ channel, the dihy-dropyridine receptor - see later) but from the intracellular storage, more specifically from the endoplasmic reticulum, which somebody found necessary to christen `sarcoplas-mic' reticulum in the muscle cell (gr. sarx, sarkos = flesh). (brainkart.com)
There are also universal genes that are expressed stably and constantly at all times in any kind of cell in the body that play critical roles in basic cellular processes and survival and these are called housekeeping genes. (hello100.com)
Single cell mesenchymal-type movement is characterized by an elongated cellular shape and again requires extracellular proteolysis and integrin engagement. (biomedcentral.com)
Other cellular components of the innate immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells. (medscape.com)

A more malignant state with increased migratory and invasive potentials in long-term acidosis-adapted PDAC cells was obtained with key regulatory molecules being closely related to overall patient survival. (biomedcentral.com)

This thesis work aims to examine the diverse phenotype and function of myeloid cells in primary and metastatic disease, ultimately contributing to an improved understanding of the interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system in the solid tumor microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
It further stabilizes the tumor microenvironment and potentially facilitates collective colonization of novel bronchial loci by cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The elevated glucose consumption-coupled with increased excretion of lactate and protons from glycolytic cells to the poorly perfused extracellular spaces-leads to an acidification of the tumor microenvironment [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Although still not fully understood, an acidic microenvironment with an inverted pH gradient of extracellular pH (pH e ) lower than intracellular pH (pH i ) appears to impose selective pressures whereby tumor cells must adapt or die [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hence, a better understanding of the impact of interstitial acidity and how tumor cells coordinate various adaptation mechanisms to cope with the acidified microenvironment is critical to improving therapeutic efficacy against solid cancers especially lethal PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)

RNA interference (RNAi) of PTPRK accelerated cell cycle progression, enhanced response to epidermal growth factor (EGF), and abrogated TGF-beta-mediated antimitogenesis. (nih.gov)
High Girdin expression was associated with dysregulated cell cycle progression and prolonged G 1 and M phases. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
High Girdin expression was associated with dysregulated cell cycle progression and prolonged G1 and M phases. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
During lung cancer progression, the connective tissue of bronchial walls provides the scaffold for developing tumors, forms tissue barriers against immune responses of the host and/or constitutes the routes for the invasion of cancer cells ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
To elucidate the links between their function and the progression of lung cancer, we compared the behavior of human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells exposed to the signals from monolayers of AS HBFs and from HBFs derived from non-asthmatic (NA) donors. (spandidos-publications.com)

Scientists studying pathogens such as Chlamydia , Legionella , and Listeria get a master class in how to control the internal workings of mammalian cells. (the-scientist.com)
We examined MyoA expression throughout the Plasmodium berghei life cycle in both mammalian and insect hosts. (crick.ac.uk)
Organoids are morphologically heterogeneous 3-dimensional cell culture systems that provide an ideal model for understanding the principles of collective cell behavior in mammalian organs during development, homeostasis, regeneration, and pathogenesis. (onenucleus.com)
In mammalian cells, SSH phosphatases are encoded by three genes ( SSH-1 , -2 , and -3 ). (oncotarget.com)

Metz H, Busch SE, Hanke ML, Kargl J, Kim KH and Houghton M (2014) Insulin receptor substrate-1 regulates immune cell content in lung adenocarcinoma. (scielo.br)

Following chemoattractant-uncaging, the cells spread and transformed into a motile, amoeboid state with high persistence ( Fig. 1C ). (elifesciences.org)
These two modes of cell movement are interconvertible and several moving cells, including tumor cells, show an high degree of plasticity in motility styles shifting ad hoc between mesenchymal or amoeboid movements. (biomedcentral.com)

Our data establish tracheal brush cells as a central hub in triggering a global epithelial defense program in response to a danger-associated metabolite. (bvsalud.org)
Michael Koch, a Ph.D. student within the BMLS research group said "As epithelial organoids have a stem cell-like character, which makes them difficult to transduce, they require optimised transduction protocols. (onenucleus.com)
Mechanistically, our studies showed that knockdown of Annexin A2 increased the expression of p53, which in turn, induced cell cycle G2 arrest and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (jcancer.org)
This study aims to evaluate the potential anti-metastatic activities of OFE on human ovarian cancer cells, and investigate its inhibitory effect on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (biomedcentral.com)

Moderate overexpression in clonally selected cell lines did not have a detectible effect on actin filament content or organization. (rupress.org)
To investigate the underlying cell organization principles of organoids, BMLS researchers imaged hundreds of pancreas and cholangiocarcinoma organoids in parallel using microscopic techniques. (onenucleus.com)

Kappe's mutation analyses on TRAP showed that it underlies the unusual gliding motility that malaria parasites use to move into host cells. (the-scientist.com)
Moreau CA, Quadt KA, Piirainen H, Kumar H, Bhargav SP, Strauss L, Tolja NH, Wade RC, Spatz JP, Kursula I & Frischknecht F (2020) Optical tweezers uncover a function of profilin in force generation during malaria parasite motility independent of actin binding. (uib.no)

Trends Cell Biol. (wikipedia.org)
J Cell Biol (1995) 129 (1): 147-156. (rupress.org)
Mol Cell Biol 26:9338-9351. (scielo.br)
J Cell Biol (2007) 179 (6): 1247-1259. (rupress.org)

The aim of this thesis work is to interrogate the pro- and anti- tumorigenic roles myeloid cells play in primary and metastatic disease, and how these myeloid populations interact with cells of the adaptive immune system to influence anti-tumor immunity. (ubc.ca)
These virions have different abundance, structure, location and roles in the virus life-cycle. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Ionic forces between cells and material and Van der Walls forces which make short term physicochemical bonding have active roles during this phase. (omicsonline.org)

Hung YF, Chen Q, Pires I, Han H, Rosenthal PB & Kursula I (2023) Structure of Toxoplasma gondii glideosome-associated connector suggests a role as an elastic element in actomyosin force generation for gliding motility. (uib.no)

In a study by Vega, RhoC was knocked out which resulted in cells spreading out wide in all directions. (wikipedia.org)
This study aims to investigate the impact of targeting RhoC in human breast cancer cells by utilising ribozyme transgene technology and to assess its effect on cancer cell invasion. (wjon.org)
The breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was transfected with either a retroviral RhoC transgene or a control retroviral transgene. (wjon.org)
This data would indicate that targeting RhoC may be an effective way to reduce the invasive potential of human breast cancer cells. (wjon.org)

Although cDNA microarray has been successfully used to explore the gene expression in ESCC, it is difficult to be used in the precursor lesions due to the difficulty to obtain the dysplastic cells accurately. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, in order to phenotypically anchor the gene expression data, changes in the heterogeneity of cell subtype populations and cell cycle phase were monitored using flow cytometry. (plos.org)

Cells migrate effectively if actin turnover is included with a viscoelastic description for the cortex. (iciam2023.org)

Studying bacterial interactions with actin is still throwing up new mysteries. (the-scientist.com)
These data indicated that the interactions between lung cancer cells and HBFs in asthmatic bronchi may facilitate the colonization of lung tumors by fibroblasts. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cell-to-cell interactions set off a cascade of events that may result in T- or B-cell activation and, ultimately, host defense. (medscape.com)

These bugs have a knack for pinpointing critical cell functions, she says, adding fondly that Legionella is continuing to help her explore how eukaryotic cells work. (the-scientist.com)

It enhances cell motility giving it the ability to become invasive. (wikipedia.org)
Co-expression of MyoA with its two light chains revealed that the presence of both light chains enhances MyoA-dependent actin motility. (crick.ac.uk)
Binding of complement to a foreign substance, or antigen, amplifies and augments the body's innate immune system by means of its role as an opsonin (a factor that enhances phagocytosis of unwanted particles) and as a chemoattractant (a factor that recruits cells to areas of inflammation). (medscape.com)

Here, we show that DRAM2 may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (cancerindex.org)
In addition, rhodomycin A rendered gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells more sensitive to gefitinib treatment, implying a synergistic effect of the combination therapy. (oncotarget.com)
With regard to cancer treatment, celastrol has been shown to exert considerable cell-killing effects and to shrink xenografted tumors in tissue and animal models of various malignancies including cancers of the prostate ( 16 - 18 ), breast ( 19 ), liver ( 20 , 21 ) and lung ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We hypothesized that EL could inhibit lung cancer cell motility by affecting the FAK-Src signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
EL treatment reduced the density and number of F-actin fibers in lung cancer cell lines, and reduced the number and size of focal adhesions. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is not clear what effect EL has on lung cancer cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, there is a need for less toxic agents that target FAK-Src signaling and inhibit lung cancer cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
The objective for this research was to identify EL as a less toxic agent to inhibit lung cancer cell motility, and to determine its anti-migratory mechanisms by focusing on FAK-Src signaling and down-stream effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Lung cancer is divided into two major groups: non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). (scielo.br)
2004) Akt phosphorylation and gefitinib efficacy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. (scielo.br)
2004) Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. (scielo.br)
It could be divided into two categories, small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). (jcancer.org)
However, the contribution of asthmatic bronchial fibroblasts in systemic dissemination of lung cancer cells remains unaddressed. (spandidos-publications.com)

Following this spreading-mediated initial volume loss, the cells swelled significantly, reaching a median volume 15% larger than their resting volumes 20 minutes post-stimulation. (elifesciences.org)
Whilst LiCl exposure did not significantly alter the proportion of cells expressing markers for stem cells/undifferentiated cells (Oct4, SSEA4), neurons (Neurofilament M), astrocytes (GFAP) or cell cycle phase, the drug caused a 1.4-fold increase in total cell number. (plos.org)
Results: Fucoidan treatment significantly inhibited growth and reduced cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) expression in HT29 colon cancer cells. (iiarjournals.org)
NA HBFs did not significantly affect A549 motility, whereas AS HBFs and the media conditioned with AS HBF/A549 co‑cultures increased Snail‑1/connexin43 expression and motility of A549 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Replication: Shigella dysenteriae replicates in the cytoplasm of the host cells by using their nutrients and energy. (stemcelldaily.com)
As a trade-off, they have had to come up with ways to bypass a cell's internal immune system, navigate the complicated, busy environment of the cell cytoplasm, and ultimately escape that environment to infect other cells-becoming tiny maestros of manipulation in the process. (the-scientist.com)
The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. (mcw.edu)
The cells are usually large and polygonal, containing abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, a large nucleus with open chromatin, a prominent eosinophilic nucleolus, and an occasional intracellular lumina containing red blood cells 1,4-7 . (bvsalud.org)

It causes degradation and reconstruction of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) which helps cells escape the tissue they are currently in. (wikipedia.org)

First, brush cells release acetylcholine, which excites nearby cells via muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. (bvsalud.org)
BACKGROUND: Scavenger receptors Stabilin-1 (Stab1) and Stabilin-2 (Stab2) are preferentially expressed by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
The generation of receptors specific for antigens is a unique and complex process that generates 10 12 specific receptors for each cell type of the adaptive immune system, including T and B cells. (medscape.com)
Various cell types can process and present these antigens to T cells, or antigens may be soluble and bound to B-cell receptors. (medscape.com)

It is thought to be important in cell locomotion. (wikipedia.org)

An esophageal cancer cell line that exhibited high Girdin expression showed a marked sensitivity to UV-mediated DNA damage compared to a line with low Girdin expression. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
These features were accompanied by p53 activation, which conceivably increases cancer cell vulnerability to UV exposure. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
These data highlight the importance of understanding complex Girdin functions that influence cancer cell sensitivity to therapeutics. (fujita-hu.ac.jp)
Conclusion: Combination of fucoidan with silencing of PrP c has a synergic effect on the inhibition of HT29 colon cancer cell growth. (iiarjournals.org)
The function of SSH-1L was evaluated by gene knockdown and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of cofilin expression in MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
Cancer Cell. (manchester.ac.uk)

This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, which cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states and function as molecular switches in signal transduction cascades. (cancerindex.org)
This review will focus on the role of Rac and Rho small GTPases in cell motility and in the complex relationship driving the reciprocal control between Rac and Rho granting for the opportunistic motile behaviour of aggressive cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)

CEV induces the formation of actin tails that drive CEV particles away from the cell and is important for cell-to-cell spread. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Annexin A2 (also called ANXA2) is mainly expressed in endothelial cells. (jcancer.org)
Epithelioid angiosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm found in vascular endothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)
The histologic hallmark of AE is represented by the presence of sheets and groups of atypical endothelial cells with prominent epithelioid morphologies. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy31

Organisms12

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes69

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science5

Health Care1

Proteins32

Filaments10

Proliferation18

Migration23

Metastasis9

Filamentous actin2

Adhesion7

Depolymerizing the actin cytoskeleton1

Myosin7

Polymerization4

Protein17

Regulate2

Regulation2

Dynamics2

Cytoskeletal1

20172

Tumor cell1

Assays3

Actomyosin contractility1

Vitro6

Reorganization1

Apoptosis2

Induce1

Squamous cell carc3

Kinases1

Invasiveness2

Cdc422

Suppresses1

Cellular7

Molecules1

Microenvironment5

Progression5

Mammalian4

Regulates1

Amoeboid2

Epithelial4

Organization2

Malaria2

Biol4

Roles3

20231

RhoC4

Gene Expression2

Turnover1

Interactions3

Eukaryotic1

Enhances3

Lung13

Significantly4

Cytoplasm4

Extracellular Matrix1

Receptors4

Important in cell locomotion1

Cancer cell6

GTPases2

Mechanisms1

Induces1

Endothelial cells3