AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
MothersChromosomesChromosome MappingChromosome BandingX ChromosomeChromosome AberrationsSex ChromosomesChromosomes, Human, Pair 1Chromosomes, HumanChromosomes, BacterialChromosome SegregationChromosomes, Human, Pair 7Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6Chromosome DeletionChromosomes, Human, Pair 9Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21Chromosomes, PlantChromosomes, FungalChromosomes, Human, 6-12 and XChromosomes, Human, Pair 2Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22Chromosome PairingChromosomes, Human, Pair 13Chromosomes, MammalianChromosomes, Human, Pair 4Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10Chromosomes, Human, YChromosomes, Human, Pair 8Chromosome DisordersChromosomes, Human, Pair 19Chromosomes, Human, XChromosomes, Artificial, BacterialChromosomes, Human, 1-3Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12Chromosome PaintingChromosomes, Human, Pair 15KaryotypingChromosomes, Human, Pair 14Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18Chromosomes, Human, 16-18In Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceChromosomes, Human, Pair 20Chromosomes, Artificial, YeastChromosomes, Human, 13-15Genetic LinkageChromosomes, Human, 21-22 and YChromosome BreakageRing ChromosomesChromosome InversionGenetic MarkersChromosomes, Human, 4-5Chromosome PositioningMolecular Sequence DataX Chromosome InactivationPregnancyBase SequenceCentromereTranslocation, GeneticMeiosisChromosomes, InsectHybrid CellsChromosome StructuresChromosomes, Human, 19-20MitosisAneuploidyMother-Child RelationsMetaphasePedigreeInfant, NewbornRecombination, GeneticMutationCrosses, GeneticLod ScoreMicrosatellite RepeatsPhenotypeAllelesTrisomyCloning, MolecularNondisjunction, GeneticChromosomes, Artificial, HumanKinetochoresDNANucleic Acid HybridizationTelomereGenotypeAmino Acid SequenceChromosome WalkingBreast FeedingSpindle ApparatusChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneModels, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNABlotting, SouthernFathersHaplotypesChromosomal Instability
GenesAbnormalitiesCopy of chromosome 21Autosomal chromosomesPairs of homologous chromosomes23rd pairFemalesChromosomalMalesHomologousSpermTotal chromosomesDeletionDiagnose chromosome problemsAbnormalHumansDisorderDiploidBody's cellsChanges in chromosomeChromatinAbnormalitySyndromePaternalFatherGenetic materialCentromereChild'sStructuresCellsNucleusPlacentaMonosomyCome in pairsMutationsTranslocationMitochondrial DNAPairMitosisEmbryosAutosomesInactivationCondenseGene MutationInheritsTrisomyAcentricCellExtraBodyLocusMaleHumanDifferencesBabies
Genes41
Abnormalities9
  • 3- 6 Phenotypic abnormalities seen in cases with apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements have usually been explained by the disruption of a gene at the breakpoint causing the loss of gene function. (bmj.com)
  • These cell division abnormalities result in an extra partial or full chromosome 21. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Trisomy of sex chromosomes is compatible with life, but will cause phenotypic abnormalities. (mindmeister.com)
  • Some tests look at chromosomes for abnormalities such as extra, missing or transposed chromosomal material. (healthywomen.org)
  • The test looks for abnormalities in the baby's chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Sex chromosome abnormalities may be caused by full or partial deletions or duplications of sex chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Abnormalities can also occur when a person is missing part of a sex chromosome (called a deletion). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sex chromosome abnormalities are common and cause syndromes that are associated with a range of physical and developmental problems. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) Down syndrome is a chromosome disorder caused by an extra chromosome 21 that results in intellectual disability and physical abnormalities. (msdmanuals.com)
Copy of chromosome 216
  • Down's syndrome arises when cells have an extra copy of chromosome 21. (oneofus.eu)
  • In Down syndrome, there is an additional copy of chromosome 21, resulting in three copies instead of the normal two copies. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Translocation Down syndrome happens when an extra copy of chromosome 21 is attached to another chromosome. (massgeneral.org)
  • An extra copy of chromosome 21 causes the differences we see in people with Down Syndrome. (massgeneral.org)
  • If the extra copy of chromosome 21 is inherited from a parent in the egg or sperm, it means that the parents "carry" this type of Down syndrome. (massgeneral.org)
Autosomal chromosomes3
Pairs of homologous chromosomes2
23rd pair4
Females7
Chromosomal6
  • This mixing of maternal and paternal traits is enhanced by crossing over during meiosis, wherein lengths of chromosomal arms and the DNA they contain within a homologous chromosome pair are exchanged with one another. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are two main properties of homologous chromosomes: 1) the length of chromosomal arms and 2) the placement of the centromere. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both of these properties (i.e., the length of chromosomal arms, and the placement of the chromosomal centromere) are the main factors for creating structural homology between chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • One member of each chromosomal pair comes from your mother, and the other comes from your father. (howstuffworks.com)
  • The most common chromosomal abnormality diagnosed is a situation where there are three chromosomes in the pair instead of two. (healthy.net)
  • 1] They described a child with midline fusion defects, and subsequent cytogenetic studies revealed a chromosomal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. (medscape.com)
Males2
  • Males have 1 X and 1 Y chromosome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Males, however, transmit SD chromosomes to nearly 100 percent of their offspring, because SD kills any sperm that do not carry the selfish genetic element. (eurekalert.org)
Homologous5
  • A couple of homologous chromosomes, or homologs, are a set of one maternal and one paternal chromosome that pair up with each other inside a cell during fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
  • In diploid (2n) organisms, the genome is composed of one set of each homologous chromosome pair, as compared to tetraploid organisms which may have two sets of each homologous chromosome pair. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, when two chromosomes containing the relatively same structure exist (e.g., maternal chromosome 15 and paternal chromosome 15), they are able to pair together via the process of synapsis to form homologous chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since homologous chromosomes are not identical and do not originate from the same organism, they are different from sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Homologous chromosomes are important in the processes of meiosis and mitosis. (wikipedia.org)
Sperm14
  • Absence of the X chromosome that occurs due to a defect in the father's sperm or in the mother's egg. (medicinenet.com)
  • We developed a method for preparing male chromosomes from sea urchin hybrid andromerogones created with cryopreserved sperm. (bioone.org)
  • The andromerogones for 5 sperm species showed a half of their respective diploid chromosome numbers without chromosome elimination. (bioone.org)
  • This method is applicable for analysis of the haploid male chromosome complement in sea urchin species for which only sperm can be obtained. (bioone.org)
  • The mother produces gametes with XX chromosome instead of X chromosome which when fuses with the sperm of the father with X chromosome produces an abnormal baby with chromosomes- XXX. (vedantu.com)
  • Half the chromosomes come from the egg (the mother) and half come from the sperm (the father). (mayoclinic.org)
  • This XY chromosome pair includes the X chromosome from the egg and the Y chromosome from the sperm. (mayoclinic.org)
  • The extra chromosome can also come from the man's sperm. (healthy.net)
  • When a baby is conceived, a normal egg cell and normal sperm cell start with 46 chromosomes. (chkd.org)
  • The egg and sperm cells then have 23 chromosomes each. (chkd.org)
  • When a sperm with 23 chromosomes fertilizes an egg with 23 chromosomes, the baby will then have a complete set of 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs. (chkd.org)
  • The missing sex chromosome error can occur in either the mother's egg cell or the father's sperm cell. (chkd.org)
  • Only gametes (sperm and eggs) are haploid, which means that these cells contain 23 chromosomes. (quizlet.com)
  • Except for certain cells (for example, sperm and egg cells or red blood cells), every human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
Total chromosomes2
Deletion7
  • Microarray oligonucleotide comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was performed in all patients to identify size and location of chromosome 18 deletion. (nih.gov)
  • All three harboured a new 670 kb deletion of chromosome 12q21. (bmj.com)
  • When only part of an X chromosome is missing (deletion), a girl with the syndrome will often have milder signs of TS. (chkd.org)
  • Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome results from the deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. (medscape.com)
  • G-banded karyotype showing deletion of 4p, derived from the mother, with balanced translocation (4p;8p). (medscape.com)
  • A large deletion several megabases (Mb) in length, easily detected using conventional chromosome analysis, is usually associated with severe phenotypic expression, including multiple malformations. (medscape.com)
  • Factors involved in prediction of prognosis include the extent of the deletion, the occurrence of complex chromosome anomalies, and the severity of seizures. (medscape.com)
Diagnose chromosome problems2
  • CVS testing is used to diagnose chromosome problems or other genetic diseases in an unborn baby. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This expert can explain the results of chromosome tests, as well as tests available to diagnose chromosome problems before a baby is born. (chkd.org)
Abnormal5
  • If abnormal or missing pieces of one of the X chromosomes occurs, all cells have one complete and one altered copy of the X chromosome. (medicinenet.com)
  • An abnormal human baby with 'sex chromosomes XXX' was born due to:A. Fusion of two ova and one spermB. (vedantu.com)
  • An abnormal baby with chromosomes- XXX is called a super female. (vedantu.com)
  • The defect occurs due to abnormal ova produced in the mother. (vedantu.com)
  • Down syndrome results when abnormal cell division involving chromosome 21 occurs. (mayoclinic.org)
Humans7
  • So, humans have two sets of 23 chromosomes in each cell that contains a nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • One set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the mother (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X only)) and one set of 23 chromosomes (n) is from the father (22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome (X or Y)). Ultimately, this means that humans are diploid (2n) organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • fChromosome 9 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans . (wikipedia.org)
  • Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome, as they normally do with all chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. (kidshealth.org)
  • A chromosome therapy for humans would be fraught with practical and ethical difficulties. (oneofus.eu)
  • Almost all humans have two copies of each chromosome and therefore have two copies of each gene, one inherited from the mother and the other from the father. (healthywomen.org)
Disorder3
  • CVS is a prenatal diagnostic test, which means it can almost always tell for sure whether an unborn baby has a chromosome disorder . (medlineplus.gov)
  • You may need CVS testing if you are at higher risk for having a baby with a chromosome disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Thus, if a male has a hemophilia allele on his only X chromosome, he will have the disorder. (cdc.gov)
Diploid1
  • Every cell in our body has a diploid number of chromosomes, one set we inherit from a father and the other from a mother. (quizlet.com)
Body's cells1
  • A chromosome (KRO-muh-sohm) is an X-shaped thread-like structure in the body's cells. (kidshealth.org)
Changes in chromosome2
  • In a paper published in the journal eLife , the researchers report that SD has caused dramatic changes in chromosome organization and genetic diversity. (eurekalert.org)
  • Other changes in chromosome 4 can involve a ring structure or translocation. (medscape.com)
Chromatin1
  • Chromosomes are linear arrangements of condensed deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and histone proteins, which form a complex called chromatin. (wikipedia.org)
Abnormality4
  • The chromosome analysis determines whether there is a missing X chromosome or abnormality in any one of the X chromosomes. (medicinenet.com)
  • Depending on which chromosome pair this happens to, it will give rise to a specific abnormality. (healthy.net)
  • Syndromes that are caused by a sex chromosome abnormality are less severe than those caused by a nonsex chromosome abnormality. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Turner Syndrome Turner syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality in which girls are born with one of their two X chromosomes partially or completely missing. (msdmanuals.com)
Syndrome19
  • What Chromosome Is Turner Syndrome Found On? (medicinenet.com)
  • In girls with Turner syndrome, one of the X chromosomes is missing, partially missing, or modified. (medicinenet.com)
  • The defect occurs in the 47th chromosome so it is also called 47, triple X syndrome. (vedantu.com)
  • A treatment based on the work remains a distant hope, but scientists in the field said the feat was the first major step towards a "chromosome therapy" for Down's syndrome. (oneofus.eu)
  • The long-range possibility - and it's an uncertain possibility - is a chromosome therapy for Down's syndrome. (oneofus.eu)
  • Lawrence's team used "genome editing", a procedure that allows DNA to be cut and pasted, to drop a gene called XIST into the extra chromosome in cells taken from people with Down's syndrome. (oneofus.eu)
  • Lawrence's work shows that the gene can shut down other chromosomes too, a finding that paves the way for treating a range of other "trisomy" disorders, such as Edward syndrome and Patau syndrome , caused by extra copies of chromosomes 18 and 13 respectively. (oneofus.eu)
  • The work is already helping scientists to tease apart how an extra chromosome 21 causes a raft of problems that strike people with Down's syndrome at various ages. (oneofus.eu)
  • The US team has already begun work that aims to prevent Down's syndrome in mice, by silencing the extra chromosome 21 in early-stage embryos. (oneofus.eu)
  • Trisomy 21 → gain of an extra chromosome 21, results in Down's syndrome. (mindmeister.com)
  • For instance, Down's syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome on pair number 21 and for that reason is also called trisomy 21. (healthy.net)
  • But the Down's Syndrome Association claims that eight out of ten babies with Down's syndrome are born to mothers under the age of 35. (healthy.net)
  • Down syndrome is a genetic condition that happens when a child is born with an extra chromosome. (childrenshospital.org)
  • Angelman syndrome can happen when a baby gets both copies of a part of chromosome #15 from the father. (chkd.org)
  • Down syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome 21. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pentasomy of the x chromosome is a rare syndrome of unknown incidence and there are few reports in the scientific literature, especially in terms of dental care for patients with this syndrome. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most phenotypic manifestations in this syndrome reflect a contiguous gene syndrome, leading to a phenotypic map of chromosome arm 4p. (medscape.com)
  • Pour conclure, notre étude sera utile pour mettre en évidence la situation actuelle du syndrome de Down ainsi que pour identifier la répartition des cardiopathies congénitales à Sétif (Algérie) en vue d'études ultérieures sur le sujet. (who.int)
  • There are 6 centres for chil- sis and all patients were examined by Down syndrome increases with increas- dren and young people (5-20 years) plain chest X-ray, electrocardiogram ing age of the mother ( 4 ). (who.int)
Paternal3
Father28
  • At conception, the mother gives an X chromosome to the child, and the father may contribute an X or a Y. The chromosome from the father determines if the baby is female or male. (medlineplus.gov)
  • One is from the mother, one is from the father. (wikipedia.org)
  • People get one of each pair of chromosomes from their mother and one of each pair from their father. (cdc.gov)
  • In your body, one chromosome of each pair came from your mother and one came from your father. (windows2universe.org)
  • One came from your mother and the other came from your father. (windows2universe.org)
  • Each person gets one copy of DNA from their mother and one copy from their father. (kidshealth.org)
  • In sexual reproduction, chromosomes from the mother and the father swap genetic material to produce new genetic combinations unique to each offspring. (eurekalert.org)
  • One chromosome in each pair comes from your father, the other from your mother. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Our cells contain the entire genetic information from our mother and our father. (eurekalert.org)
  • This has the advantage that defective mutations inherited from the mother or father are generally cancelled out by the other copy of the gene. (eurekalert.org)
  • Nearly 30 per cent of Indian gene signature is seen in the case of the autosomes, which are equally contributed by mother and father to the offspring. (thehindu.com)
  • Women get one X chromosome from their mother and one from their father. (webmd.com)
  • Men get an X from their mother and a Y from their father. (webmd.com)
  • This gene is activated from the X chromosome that's going to be shut down, which in early placental material is only the X from the father, according to Terry Magnuson, PhD, senior author of the new study and Kenan professor of genetics at UNC-CH School of Medicine. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The new findings also suggest that eed may be critical in a fundamental process known as imprinting, a phenomenon in which a specific gene is expressed, or turned on, depending on whether it is inherited from the mother or the father. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Children get one copy of each of the 22 chromosomes from their biological mother and the other copy from their biological father. (alexslemonade.org)
  • One of each chromosome pair is inherited from the mother and the other is inherited from the father. (healthywomen.org)
  • Therefore, since one of those copies came from the mother and the other from the father, both parents must have at least one copy of the gene with a mutation. (healthywomen.org)
  • Twenty-three chromosomes from both the father and the mother unite in one new cell. (byu.edu)
  • You get one gene from your mother and one from your father. (wdxcyber.com)
  • A female inherits two copies of the factor VIII or factor IX gene, one from her mother and one from her father. (cdc.gov)
  • If a mother is heterozygous (a carrier) for hemophilia and the father does not have hemophilia, each son has a 1 in 2 (50%) chance of getting his mother's hemophilia allele and having hemophilia. (cdc.gov)
  • A father who has hemophilia passes his only X chromosome down to all of his daughters, so they will always get his hemophilia allele and be heterozygous (carriers). (cdc.gov)
  • This means 1 copy from the genetic mother, and the other copy from the genetic father. (chkd.org)
  • Half are from the father and half are from the mother. (chkd.org)
  • Recurrent miscarriages may be caused by problems in the mother, father, fetus, or placenta. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A 12-year-old girl living close to a pig farm, where her father and mother worked, sought treatment for a skin lesion on her chin. (cdc.gov)
  • To establish the MRSA nasal colonization status of the patient and of her relatives (father, mother, and brother, all of whom had contact with animals) and to elucidate the possible origin of these strains, we analyzed nasal swabs for MRSA recovery. (cdc.gov)
Genetic material3
  • These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)
  • Now, multiple research studies show that a child's genetic material can reside within the mother for decades after the child is born. (timescolonist.com)
  • That genetic material bore the signature of the Y chromosome. (timescolonist.com)
Centromere3
  • Centromere placement on the chromosome can be characterized by four main arrangements, either metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, or telocentric. (wikipedia.org)
  • As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
  • The maintenance of a single centromere per chromosome is critical for establishing bipolar microtubule attachments to the mitotic spindle and achieving high-fidelity genome segregation 17 . (nature.com)
Child's2
Structures1
  • Chromosomes are structures found in the center (nucleus) of cells that carry long pieces of DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Cells22
  • Later on during the 1930s Harriet Creighton and Barbara McClintock were studying meiosis in corn cells and examining gene loci on corn chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromosome 9 spans about 150 million base pairs of nucleic acids (the building blocks of DNA ) and represents between 4.0 and 4.5% of the total DNA in cells . (wikipedia.org)
  • The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)
  • Sequencing of daughter cell pairs derived from micronucleated mother cells demonstrated that complex rearrangements are indeed a common outcome of micronucleus formation. (nature.com)
  • This causes a few cells in the body to have two complete X chromosomes, and the other cells to have just one copy. (medicinenet.com)
  • In some cases, a few cells have one copy of the X chromosome while other cells have a copy of the X chromosome as well as some Y chromosome material. (medicinenet.com)
  • All living things that have eukaryotic cells , such as dogs, butterflies, and fish, have chromosomes in their cells. (windows2universe.org)
  • In an elegant series of experiments, US researchers took cells from people with DS and silenced the extra chromosome that causes the condition. (oneofus.eu)
  • Writing in the journal Nature , the team describes how cells corrected for an extra chromosome 21 grew better, and developed more swiftly into early-stage brain cells. (oneofus.eu)
  • Another approach would cut the risk of leukaemia by silencing the extra chromosome in bone marrow cells. (oneofus.eu)
  • In female cells, which unlike male cells have two X chromosomes, one chromosome is entirely deactivated very early in embryonic development. (eurekalert.org)
  • This organ consists of cells from both mother and child, and permits the mother to supply the developing fetus with oxygen, hormones and nutrients. (timescolonist.com)
  • They determined that cells from son-fetuses cross the placenta to take up residence in mothers' bodies. (timescolonist.com)
  • The cells that male fetuses donate to their mothers might later end up being incorporated into the bodies of younger sisters and brothers. (timescolonist.com)
  • The nuclei of human cells contain 22 chromosomes plus the sex chromosomes X and Y. There are two copies of each of these chromosomes, except for the sex chromosomes. (alexslemonade.org)
  • If you look at cells from any other area in the body, chromosome 13 is completely unchanged with no mutation in the RB1 gene. (alexslemonade.org)
  • In human cells , DNA is tightly wrapped into 23 pairs of chromosomes. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Pollen mother cells of 112-chromosome (2n + n) Saccharum officinarum X S. spontaneum hybrids usually showed 56II or 55II + 2I. (eurekamag.com)
  • Pollen mother cells of 136-chromosome (2n + n) S. officinarum X S. spontaneum hybrids showed a range of 66II + 4I to 61II + 14I. (eurekamag.com)
  • Most of the cells in the body have two copies of every chromosome which means the cells also have two copies of every gene. (wdxcyber.com)
  • Girls with mosaic TS have chromosome changes in only some cells, but not all cells. (chkd.org)
  • Because mDNA can only be inherited from the mother, meaning any traits contained within this DNA come exclusively from mom-in fact, the father's mDNA essentially self-destructs when it meets and fuses with the mother's cells. (easierwithpractice.com)
Nucleus1
Placenta2
Monosomy2
  • Monosomy means that a person is missing one chromosome in the pair. (chkd.org)
  • occur when a person is missing a whole sex chromosome (called monosomy) or has an extra sex chromosome (one extra is trisomy). (msdmanuals.com)
Come in pairs1
Mutations3
  • But SD is not forward-looking: preventing recombination has led to SD accumulating many more deleterious mutations compared to normal chromosomes. (eurekalert.org)
  • Without recombination, natural selection can't purge deleterious mutations effectively, so they can accumulate on SD chromosomes," Larracuente says. (eurekalert.org)
  • The mutations in the mitochondria can occur in the mother and then be given to the offspring. (bartleby.com)
Translocation2
  • To investigate the possibility that a novel candidate gene for XLMR was disrupted at the X chromosome translocation breakpoint, we mapped the breakpoint using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). (bmj.com)
  • Intriguingly, we found that the X chromosome breakpoint in the daughter could not be defined by a single breakpoint spanning genomic clone and further analysis showed a 650 kb submicroscopic duplication between DXS7067 and DXS7060 on either side of the X chromosome translocation breakpoint. (bmj.com)
Mitochondrial DNA3
  • The study is robust as the authors have analysed genetic markers from non-sex chromosomes (autosomes), and paternally derived Y-chromosomes and maternally derived mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). (thehindu.com)
  • Mitochondrial DNA is the small circular chromosome that is found inside mitochondria. (bartleby.com)
  • Mitochondria and Mitochondrial DNA are only passed from mother to offspring through the egg. (bartleby.com)
Pair3
Mitosis2
  • Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
  • Here we show that pulverized chromosomes from micronuclei spatially cluster throughout mitosis and identify the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex as an essential regulator of this process. (nature.com)
Embryos1
  • Swann and his team used a standard chemical treatment to prevent this, so both sets in the parthenogenetic embryos come from the mother. (newscientist.com)
Autosomes1
  • An analysis of both Y-chromosomes and mtDNA, and autosomes in Siddis and the adjoining Indian tribal populations has helped in tracing the direction of gene flow between the African descendent and Indians. (thehindu.com)
Inactivation1
  • Replication studies in the mother and daughter showed a skewed X inactivation pattern in lymphocytes, with the normal X chromosome preferentially inactivated. (bmj.com)
Condense1
Gene Mutation1
Inherits2
  • Sex is determined by the combination of X and Y chromosomes a person inherits: men are XY, and women are XX. (oneofus.eu)
  • A female can also have hemophilia if she inherits hemophilia alleles from both of her parents or if she inherits one hemophilia allele and her other X chromosomes is missing or does not work properly. (cdc.gov)
Trisomy1
Acentric2
  • Mitotic clustering facilitates the reassembly of acentric fragments into rearranged chromosomes lacking the extensive DNA copy-number losses that are characteristic of canonical chromothripsis. (nature.com)
  • However, most fragments derived from pulverized chromosomes are acentric and cannot directly bind to spindle microtubules 14 . (nature.com)
Cell3
Extra8
  • Once in place, the gene caused a buildup of a version of a molecule called RNA, which coated the extra chromosome and ultimately shut it down. (oneofus.eu)
  • One question is, if we could turn off the extra chromosome in adults, would that stop or ameliorate their dementia? (oneofus.eu)
  • Extra or missing pieces of chromosomes can have a significant impact on the health of an individual. (healthywomen.org)
  • So, a CVS test can show if a baby has an extra chromosome or a missing or damaged chromosome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For example, when an extra chromosome 21 is attached to chromosome 14, it looks like the picture below. (massgeneral.org)
  • For example, girls who have an extra sex chromosome (an extra X) often appear normal physically and mentally and are fertile. (msdmanuals.com)
  • which commonly results from a person having an extra chromosome 21. (msdmanuals.com)
  • An extra chromosome 1 can be fatal to a fetus. (msdmanuals.com)
Body1
  • Chromosome pairs affect how our body works. (chkd.org)
Locus1
Male5
  • In most cases, a child is born as a male or female according to their chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A male has only one copy of the FMR1 gene on his only X chromosome, so the group a male is in is based on the number of CGG repeats in that one copy. (cdc.gov)
  • This means that a male must get his X chromosome from the mother. (bernsteinmedical.com)
  • From that single, teeny, male-only Y chromosome spring beards, hairy chests, rampant teenage testosterone, a childhood predilection for fart humour that can endure for decades, smelly locker rooms and all the other trademarks of guyhood that we've come to know and love. (timescolonist.com)
  • Some women found to harbour male DNA were neither mothers nor blood- or organ-transplant recipients. (timescolonist.com)
Human3
  • These are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 9. (wikipedia.org)
  • 18- 21 Xq28 is a highly gene rich region of the human X chromosome and we focused on the X chromosome breakpoint as the identification of a disrupted gene here would be a rapid way to identify a further candidate gene for X linked mental retardation within Xq28. (bmj.com)
  • These are what the chromosomes of a human look like. (windows2universe.org)
Differences2
  • These chromosome differences can cause serious health problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • RESULTS: Strong and significant differences were found in the bivariate analysis, in which the number of current smokers or those who quit during pregnancy was higher among mothers of babies with LBW. (bvsalud.org)
Babies1