• Adherens junctions (AJs) are thought to be key landmarks for establishing epithelial cell polarity, but the origin of epithelial polarity in Drosophila remains unclear. (rupress.org)
  • and in Drosophila , AJs also assemble through the coalescence of spot junctions into belt junctions ( Tepass and Hartenstein, 1994 ). (rupress.org)
  • At the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) , the retrograde BMP pathway is part of the machinery that controls NMJ expansion concurrent with larval growth. (sdbonline.org)
  • We found that disrupting forces through chemical inhibitors, depletion of an adherens junction protein, or blocking mesoderm invagination disrupted Pins planar polarity and spindle orientation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our recent work identified a novel microtubule based mechanical mechanism that is crucial for maintaining homogeneities of cell sizes and shapes prior to morphogenesis, and yet becomes coupled to the changing cell polarity, thus repurposed for cell shortening that induces folding of the epithelial tissue. (riken.jp)
  • We found that tumors are rigid because they have a stiff stroma and elevated Rho-dependent cytoskeletal tension that drives focal adhesions, disrupts adherens junctions, perturbs tissue polarity, enhances growth, and hinders lumen formation. (ucsf.edu)
  • This lack of EMT was attributed to the improper endocytic recycling of apical-basal polarity regulating proteins and adherens junction components. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Adherens junctions are a ubiquitous type of intercellular junction and are present in both epithelial and non-epithelial cells [ 3 , 6 ], whereas desmosomes are adhesive junctions that confer tensile strength and resilience on cells and are present not only in epithelial cells but also in non-epithelial cells that endure mechanical stress, such as cardiac muscle and meninges [ 7 . (oncotarget.com)
  • Plakophilins 1-4 contain arm-repeat (armadillo) domains and localize to nuclei and cell desmosomes (cell-cell junctions found in suprabasal layers of stratifying epithelia that undergo mechanical stress). (thermofisher.com)
  • At the adherens junction in epithelia, the C-terminal domain of E-cadherin interacts, in a mutually exclusive manner, with β-catenin or γ-catenin (plakoglobin), which then interacts with α-catenin, an actin-binding protein. (oncotarget.com)
  • This protein is a small immunoglobulin which is located at tight junctions in the endothelium and in epithelial cells. (ehu.eus)
  • By protein interaction studies we identified the adherens-junction-associated protein Smallish (Smash) as a binding partner of Baz. (spp1782.de)
  • ZO-1 is a protein located on a cytoplasmic membrane surface of intercellular tight junctions. (thermofisher.com)
  • On one hand, upon junctional stretch and decrease in E-cadherin density, actomyosin relocalizes from the medial area to the junctions, thus maintaining junctional integrity. (upf.edu)
  • On the other hand, when junctions have excess material and ruffles, junction removal is enhanced, and high junctional straightness and tension are restored. (upf.edu)
  • These two mechanisms control junctional length and integrity during morphogenesis. (upf.edu)
  • We find that neighbor exchange events are driven by stochastic fluctuations in junction length, regulated in part by junctional actomyosin. (unige.ch)
  • Mutations in mouse primary PCP genes disrupt embryonic morphogenesis affecting the form from the somites cochlea and notochord. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
  • For example, purely physical mechanisms can account for branching morphogenesis of the embryonic mouse airway epithelium, when cultured ex vivo in the absence of biochemical patterning 14 . (nature.com)
  • This study identifies Rasip1 as a unique, endothelial-specific regulator of Rho GTPase signaling, which is essential for blood vessel morphogenesis. (xenbase.org)
  • In "Adherens Junctions: from Molecular Mechanisms to Tissue Development and Disease" edited by Harris, T. Subcellular Biochemistry 60, pp.9-35, Springer Netherlands. (brh.co.jp)
  • A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of development of the anterior segment can provide general insights into questions such as tissue induction, cell type fate determination, and the regulation of cellular morphogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The characterisation of developmental EMTs provides an understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of how EMTs normally occur during tissue morphogenesis. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • ZO-2 and ZO-3 are ubiquitously expressed within epithelial tight junctions, and unlike ZO-1, which is also expressed at cell junctions of cardiac myocytes, ZO-2 is not expressed in nonepithelial tissue. (thermofisher.com)
  • They may also be involved in the regulation of tight and gap junctions, and in the control of intercellular spacing. (embl.de)
  • We show that short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of erbin and knockdown or genetic ablation of δ-catenin severely impaired dendritic morphogenesis in hippocampal neurons. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results suggest a critical role for erbin in regulating dendritic morphogenesis by maintaining appropriate localization of δ-catenin. (jneurosci.org)
  • Epithelial sheet integrity is robustly maintained during morphogenesis, which is essential to shape organs and embryos. (hokudai.ac.jp)
  • Adherens junctions are likely to serve specific, specialized functions beyond the basic adhesive process. (embl.de)
  • Under conditions of homeostasis, dynamic changes in the length of individual adherens junctions (AJs) provide epithelia with the fluidity required to maintain tissue integrity in the face of intrinsic and extrinsic forces. (unige.ch)
  • The molecular organization of endothelial junctions and their functional role in vascular morphogenesis and permeability. (ehu.eus)
  • We review here our work on the molecular and functional organization of endothelial cell-to-cell junctions. (ehu.eus)
  • The mechanical driving force for such shape changes and cell rearrangements is the contraction of the cortical actomyosin network, which is intimately connected to adherens junctions. (spp1782.de)
  • We propose a model in which the local variance in tension between junctions determines whether actomyosin-based forces will inhibit or drive the topological transitions that either refine or deform a tissue. (unige.ch)
  • Morphogenesis of epithelial tubes: Insights into tube formation, elongation, and elaboration. (xenbase.org)
  • Our long-term goal is to comprehensively understand the mechanistic principles of tissue morphogenesis in order to conceptualize the origin of morphological diversity both within an organism and among evolutionary lineages. (riken.jp)
  • Adherens junctions (AJs) play key roles in establishing and maintaining epithelial structure ( Nelson, 2003 ). (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, our lab is engaged in international, multidisciplinary collaborations with scientists that specialize in evolutionary biology, computational mechanics, and theoretical physics to seek to better understand epithelial morphogenesis from a variety of different angles. (riken.jp)
  • They may play an important role in the sorting of different cell types during morphogenesis, histogenesis and regeneration. (embl.de)
  • During epithelial contraction, cells generate forces to constrict their surface and, concurrently, fine-tune the length of their adherens junctions to ensure force transmission. (upf.edu)
  • How epithelial cells actively respond to mechanical constraints by adjusting how they generate force is important to understand tissue morphogenesis. (nature.com)
  • While the contribution of AJ remodeling to developmental morphogenesis has been intensively studied, less is known about AJ dynamics in other circumstances. (unige.ch)