Moreover cell senescence cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Because senescent cells accumulate with aging and contribute to multiple co-morbidities, the non-skeletal actions of zoledronate could be due to senolytic (killing of senescent cells) or senomorphic (inhibition of the secretion of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype [SASP]) actions. (sens.org)
Furthermore, senescent cells, with the secretory features known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), could produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein1 (MCP-1), to greatly affect the neighboring cells [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
introduced a new concept of CKD-associated secretory phenotype (CASP), which indicates that senescent renal cells could secrete SASP components of various cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF- α [ 19 , 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Senescent cells elicit their fibrogenic actions primarily by secreting an assortment of inflammatory and profibrotic factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). (frontiersin.org)
The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) is a hallmark of senescence with an important physiological impact, but how it is established is unclear. (rupress.org)

Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Unlike apoptosis, senescence is a state of which cells are still alive and metabolically active. (frontiersin.org)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. (novusbio.com)
The p53 protein is an important tumor suppressor that is essential for regulating cell division, senescence, and self-destruction (apoptosis). (medlineplus.gov)
Research into apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, and cellular senescence is very important for understanding the intracellular functions that control cell survival and death. (dojindo.com)
They can trigger apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death, when a cell becomes irreparably damaged or poses a risk of becoming cancerous. (pharmiweb.com)
This programmed death, called apoptosis, is a kind of cell suicide. (msdmanuals.com)

Specifically, oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main extrinsic factor that induces senescence [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Androgen withdrawal induces cells to undergo cellular senescence by up-regulating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause DNA damage. (wikipedia.org)
In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms according to which T2D induces cellular senescence and the role of type 2 diabetes-induced cellular senescence in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. (frontiersin.org)
In fact, several studies have shown that T2D induces senescence in multiple types of cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
We propose that activated Ras induces transcriptional changes that predispose cells undergoing OIS to mitotic stress and multinucleation. (nih.gov)

However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. (who.int)
INK4a and INK4b are induced by oncogenic Ras and are involved in cell cycle G1 arrest and cellular senescence. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Cellular senescence is a multifaceted process that arrests the proliferation of cells that are at risk of neoplastic transformation. (nature.com)
In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence is a fundamental cellular program that is activated after a finite number of cell divisions and operates to avoid further cell proliferation. (plos.org)
ADIS is observed in prostate cancer cells that are dependent on androgens for cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Although senescent cells repress proliferation-promoting genes, they also induce the gene program necessary for the implementation of senescence. (rupress.org)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
In addition, we studied the effect of WSC on the proliferation and cell cycle of alveolar type II cells and vascular endothelial cells. (who.int)
KLRG1 inhibits cell activation and proliferation, and is a marker of T cell senescence. (biolegend.com)
Inhibits cell activation and proliferation, marker of T cell senescence. (biolegend.com)
Without p16(INK4A) to regulate cell growth and division (proliferation), cells can continue to grow and divide without control, which can lead to tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is a tumor suppression mechanism that blocks cell proliferation in response to oncogenic signalling. (nih.gov)
Doxorubicin (DOX) is known as an anticancer drug that acts in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle to arrest cell proliferation and induce cellular senescence (see the upper left figure). (dojindo.com)
It was discovered when pulmonary fibroblasts slowed down their proliferation and eventually ended in cell death after cell passaging had been performed for more than 8 months. (dojindo.com)
With its absence, the human body will be functioning without its "brake" of cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
Tumor suppressor genes code for proteins that inhibit cell division and growth, acting as a control mechanism to prevent excessive cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)

Analysis of publicly available RNAseq data from CD115+ (CSF1R/c-fms+) pre-osteoclastic cells isolated from mice treated with zoledronate demonstrated a significant downregulation of senescence/SASP genes (SenMayo). (sens.org)
To establish that these cells are potential senolytic/senomorphic targets of zoledronate, we used single cell proteomic analysis (cytometry by time of flight [CyTOF]) and demonstrated that zoledronate significantly reduced the number of pre-osteoclastic (CD115+/CD3e-/Ly6G-/CD45R-) cells and decreased protein levels of p16, p21, and SASP markers in these cells without affecting other immune cell populations. (sens.org)
Increasing evidence indicates that senescent cells could be a promising new target for therapeutic intervention known as senotherapy, which includes depleting senescent cells, modulating SASP and restoration of senescence inhibitors. (frontiersin.org)
Recently, various fields have given particular attention to cellular senescence due to the recent discoveries of SASP (a known cancer-causing factor) and senescence-related phenomena in stem cell research. (dojindo.com)

A classic paper that describes the limited replicative lifespan of normal human cells. (nature.com)
We demonstrate that PLL provides favourable microenvironment for MSC culture by reversing the replicative senescence. (hindawi.com)
Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, replicative senescence of MSCs exhibits reduced functionality, and cellular senescence might impair the regenerative potential of MSCs [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Studies show that replicative senescence or cellular senescence is induced by intrinsic or extrinsic environmental factors [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence was first identified as a type of irreversible cell cycle arrest that occurs when cells reach the end of their replicative potential ( Hayflick and Moorhead, 1961 ). (rupress.org)

Two powerful tumour suppressor pathways, controlled by the p53 and retinoblastoma (pRB) proteins, are important for establishing and maintaining the senescence growth arrest. (nature.com)
Finally, we demonstrate that Polycomb proteins and associated epigenetic marks are crucial for the control of the replication timing of the INK4a/ARF locus during senescence. (plos.org)
Our results suggest that in young cells Polycomb proteins are recruited to the INK4/ARF locus through CDC6 and the resulting silent locus is replicated during late S-phase. (plos.org)
Evidence supporting the direct control of the cell cycle by Pc-G proteins in vertebrates came from studies on mouse Bmi1 mutants. (plos.org)
Histological changes at the tubular level, progress of cell senescence, and the expression of Rb, p21, and/or p53 proteins in tubular cells were studied at different moments in time after IRI. (techscience.com)
In mice of both genotypes, cell senescence was correlated with the expression levels of p53, p21, and Rb proteins. (techscience.com)
rather, the cell splices together segments of genetic information called exons that contain the code for building proteins, and removes the intervening letters of unused genetic information called introns. (sciencedaily.com)
Both proteins are also involved in stopping cell division in older cells (senescence). (medlineplus.gov)
These proteins help regulate the cell cycle, which is the cell's way of replicating itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion. (medlineplus.gov)
The p14(ARF) and p53 proteins are often made in cells that are unable to undergo cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
Together, the germline and somatic mutations impair the function of proteins that regulate division and senescence, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of a melanoma. (medlineplus.gov)
The fact that cycloheximide delays tepal senescence demonstrates the synthesis of particular proteins probably enzymes, responsible for degradation of cellular constituents, executes the cell death programme in flower tepals. (scialert.net)
The activation/upregulation of these proteins are used as indicators of cellular senescence. (dojindo.com)
These marker proteins are known to be tumor suppressors and regulate the cell cycle mainly through two pathways (p16Ink4a-RB and p53-p21CIP1). (dojindo.com)
Some tumor suppressor proteins are involved in maintaining cell adhesion, preventing cells from breaking away and spreading to other parts of the body (metastasis). (pharmiweb.com)
Cell adhesion molecules are a diverse group of proteins that play a crucial role in mediating cell-to-cell interactions and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions. (pharmiweb.com)

Genes necessary for cell cycle progression, such as E2F-dependent genes, are incorporated into the SAHF and are thereby silenced, contributing to the stability of the growth arrest. (rupress.org)
We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. (who.int)
The research suggests that the shortening of telomeres during normal cell division in individuals with normal LMNA genes somehow alters the way a normal cell processes genetic information when turning it into a protein, a process called RNA splicing. (sciencedaily.com)
Telomere shortening during cellular senescence plays a causative role in activating progerin production and leads to extensive change in alternative splicing in multiple other genes," said lead author Kan Cao, Ph.D., an assistant professor of cell biology and molecular genetics at the University of Maryland, College Park. (sciencedaily.com)
Somatic mutations in other genes involved in cell growth are also needed for a melanoma to develop. (medlineplus.gov)
Prior to senescence, mutant RasV12 activation in primary human fibroblasts compromised mitosis, associated with abnormal expression of mitotic genes that enter M-phase. (nih.gov)
Our data suggests that using chemicals to switch back on the major class of genes that are switched off as we age might provide a means to restore function to old cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
These old cells lose the ability to correctly regulate the output of their genes. (neurosciencenews.com)
When activated, genes make a message that gives the instructions for the cell to behave in a certain way. (neurosciencenews.com)
Most genes can make more than one message, which determines how the cell acts. (neurosciencenews.com)
Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
Although Brg1-containing complexes are not essential for general cell survival, they participate in transcriptional regulation of several hundred genes including those involved in interferon and stress response, immune cells differentiation, neurogenesis, cell cycle etc. and is absolutely necessary for mouse embryogenesis. (thermofisher.com)
The CDKN2A/B locus contains genes encoding cell cycle inhibitors, including p16 Ink4a , which have not yet been implicated in the control of hepatic glucose homeostasis. (diabetesjournals.org)
The genes of cells program a process that, when triggered, results in death of the cell. (msdmanuals.com)

We hypothesize that cellular senescence plays a role in the onset of cognitive problems following chemotherapy. (nki.nl)

Cellular senescence refers to active cells that eventually enter a state of irreversible growth arrest. (hindawi.com)
It was also shown that inhibition of the p16 tumour suppressor gene delays growth arrest and therefore senescence of MSC [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Brg1 is also involved in cell growth arrest, senescence and tumour supression. (thermofisher.com)
Cellular senescence occurs in response to repeated passages, persistent DNA damage, and oxidative stress and is characterized by permanent growth arrest. (asn-online.org)

Furthermore, the activation of p53-Rb signaling pathway may play a vital role in tubular cell senescence induced by IRI. (techscience.com)

There is now substantial evidence that cellular senescence is a barrier to malignant tumorigenesis in vivo . (nature.com)
Recently, it has been noticed that senescent cells accumulate in vivo and correlate with organ dysfunction, but a highly sensitive method to identify senescent cells in vivo has not yet been established. (asn-online.org)
Our data suggest that G0 marker mice can be a useful tool for identifying senescent proximal tubular cells both in vivo and in vitro, in combination with cyclin D1 expression. (asn-online.org)
This system can be used to identify new markers of cellular senescence in vivo and evaluate the efficacy of senolytic treatments. (asn-online.org)
In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)

The tumor suppressor pathways, ARF/MDM2/p53 and p16 INK4a /Rb, have been shown to play critical roles in the induction of cellular senescence [3] . (plos.org)
Androgen deprivation-induced senescence (or ADIS) refers to the induction of cellular senescence as a result of androgen deprivation therapy. (wikipedia.org)
The persistent induction of senescence by pathogens, mediated directly through virulence determinants or indirectly through inflammation and chronic infection, also contributes to age-related pathologies such as cancer. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The induction and control mechanisms of cellular senescence - in which genetic and external factors are intricately involved - have yet to be fully elucidated. (dojindo.com)

In the absence of Bmi1, M33, or Phc2, primary embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) are unable to progress into S phase, undergo premature senescence after only a few passages in culture and show an increased accumulation of the tumor suppressors p16 INK4a , p19 ARF and p15 INK4b [4] , [10] . (plos.org)
Age-related and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a source of cellular stress due to their disruptive effect on normal physiological processes and, therefore, can induce premature senescence ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)

Agherbi H, Gaussmann-Wenger A, Verthuy C, Chasson L, Serrano M, Djabali M (2009) Polycomb Mediated Epigenetic Silencing and Replication Timing at the INK4a/ARF Locus during Senescence. (plos.org)
The defining characteristic of senescence is a highly stable cell cycle arrest, triggered by the up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors such as p16 INK4a and p21 CIP1a . (rupress.org)
However, binding of p16(INK4A) blocks CDK4's or CDK6's ability to stimulate cell cycle progression. (medlineplus.gov)
In this way, p16(INK4A) controls cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
Cells begin to produce p16(INK4A) when they are no longer able to undergo cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
CDKN2A gene mutations involved in cancer impair production of functional p16(INK4A) or, less commonly, p14(ARF), which can result in uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. (medlineplus.gov)
The present study aimed to investigate associations between psychosocial stress and two markers of cellular aging-leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and cellular senescence signal p16(INK4a). (cdc.gov)
Blood samples were used to assess markers of cellular aging: LTL and gene expression of senescent cell signal p16(INK4a) (CDKN2A). (cdc.gov)

Sager, R. Senescence as a mode of tumor suppression. (nature.com)

They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
The INK and CIP/KIP families of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKis) protect cells from oncogenic signals-initiated cellular transformation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Binding of KLRG1 to E-, N-, or R- cadherins blocks phosphorylation of Akt and increases the expression of cell cycle inhibitors. (biolegend.com)
The interactions between proteases and their inhibitors have been linked to modulation of cell death processes in plants and in certain cut flowers. (scialert.net)

This gene plays an important role in the formation of the senescence-associated heterochromatin foci. (antibodies-online.com)

In this issue, we generally review the mechanisms of cellular senescence in diabetic nephropathy, which involve telomere attrition, DNA damage, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of Klotho, Wnt/ β -catenin signaling activation, persistent inflammation, and accumulation of uremic toxins. (hindawi.com)
NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
Over lifetime, due to the action of several stressors such as DNA damage and telomere shortening, senescent cells accumulate in the organism and release a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for low-grade inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
Loss of epigenetic information is a characteristic of cellular aging in eukaryotes, resulting in changes in gene expression, loss of cellular identity, mitochondrial malfunction, inflammation, and cellular senescence, which contribute to aging and age-related illnesses. (news-medical.net)
However, damage accumulated during ageing increases the number of senescent cells and this contributes to the chronic inflammation and deregulation of the immune function, which increases susceptibility to infectious disease in ageing organisms. (whiterose.ac.uk)
They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
VCAMs are involved in mediating the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells, facilitating the recruitment of immune cells during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)

Mutations in the CDKN2A gene are found in up to one-quarter of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the CDKN2A gene are also associated with melanoma, a type of skin cancer that begins in pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. (medlineplus.gov)

Hayflick, L. The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. (nature.com)
Cellular senescence, which is morphologically characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell shape, was first described by Hayflick [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence was reported by Hayflick in 1981. (dojindo.com)

Other reports also show that DN is highly associated with accelerated aging in various types of cells such as tubular cells, podocytes, mesangial cells, and endothelial cells [ 21 - 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Microparticles Induce Cell Cycle Arrest Through Redox-Sensitive Processes in Endothelial Cells: Implications in Vascular Senescence. (ohri.ca)
PECAM-1 is expressed on the surface of platelets and endothelial cells and is involved in cell adhesion and signaling during immune responses. (pharmiweb.com)
We also consider important differences between COVID-19 and influenza, mainly the protean clinical presentation and associated lymphopenia of COVID-19, the contrasting role of interferon-γ in mediating the host immune response to these viruses, and the tropism for vascular endothelial cells of SARS-CoV-2, commenting on the potential limitations of influenza as a model for COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)
Specifically, we argue that the hypercoagulable and hyperinflammatory state of severe COVID-19 is a consequence of the expanded tropism of SARS-CoV-2, which allows it to infect vascular endothelial cells, and that cytokine storm physiology contributes to a lesser degree. (ersjournals.com)

In view of the evidence that BRB localizes in mitochondria, inhibits respiratory electron chain and activates AMPK, the observed attenuation of the replication stress-induced cellular senescence most likely is mediated by AMPK that leads to inhibition of mTOR signaling. (aging-us.com)
Moreover, we show that the Polycomb protein BMI1 interacts with CDC6, an essential regulator of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. (plos.org)
Upon senescence, Jmjd3 is overexpressed and the MLL1 protein is recruited to the locus provoking the dissociation of Polycomb from the INK4/ARF locus, its transcriptional activation and its replication during early S-phase. (plos.org)
In this review we connect the current understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle and host response to the clinical presentation of COVID-19, borrowing concepts from influenza A virus-induced ARDS pathogenesis and discussing how these ideas inform our evolving understanding of COVID-19-induced ARDS. (ersjournals.com)

Cellular senescence is a state of cell cycle arrest that is accompanied by secretion of inflammatory cytokines, immune modulators, growth factors and proteases. (nki.nl)

Cellular senescence is controlled by various factors such as cell type and physiological conditions, such as oxidative stress. (dojindo.com)
Subsequent studies have revealed that cellular senescence is caused not only by telomere length reduction, but also by external factors such as oncogene activation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. (dojindo.com)

Less clear, however, is whether these stress-related effects extend to additional hallmarks of biological aging, including cellular senescence, a stable state of cell cycle arrest. (cdc.gov)

To test this, we first performed in vitro senescence assays using human lung fibroblasts and DNA repair-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which demonstrated that zoledronate killed senescent cells with minimal effects on non-senescent cells. (sens.org)
In the present study, researchers devised high-throughput cellular assays that can differentiate between young, older, and aged cells of the body, including transcriptomic aging clocks and real-time quantitative nucleocytoplasmic compartmentalization (NCC) assays, to identify compounds that can reverse the aging process without genomic alterations. (news-medical.net)
Time-lapse imaging assays revealed that these senescent cells continuously expressed G0 marker. (asn-online.org)

Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
Irreversible cell cycle arrest is one of the phenomena that characterize cellular senescence. (dojindo.com)

However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)

Campisi, J. Cellular senescence as a tumor-suppressor mechanism. (nature.com)
In addition cellular senescence constitutes a tumor suppressor mechanism [1] , [2] . (plos.org)
In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we summarize the evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of CKD and discuss current understanding of the mechanism and regulators controlling senescence. (frontiersin.org)
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pretreatment with different concentrations of Cycloheximide (CHI) before transfer to Distilled Water (DW) or Sucrose (0.15 M) on senescence with the ultimate aim to gain an insight into the mechanism of senescence and to improve its postharvest performance. (scialert.net)
The mechanism that limits cell division involves a structure called a telomere. (msdmanuals.com)

Understanding the causes and consequences of cellular senescence has provided novel insights into how cells react to stress, especially genotoxic stress, and how this cellular response can affect complex organismal processes such as the development of cancer and ageing. (nature.com)
References 2 and 3 describe the characteristics of cancer cells and the importance of mutations in cancer development. (nature.com)
In this multiparameter study, we aim to shed light on these effects and investigate them further by employing X-irradiation and three human cancer cell lines (PC3, A549, and U2OS cells) treated by multiple techniques. (nih.gov)
The colony-forming capability of cancer cells radiosensitized by AuNPs decreased significantly and the DNA damage detected by cytogenetics, γH2AX immunostaining, and by single (γH2AX) or double (γH2AX and OGG1) immunolocalization via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was in many cases higher and/or persistent after combination with AuNPs than upon individual exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). (nih.gov)
In turn, as a result of research into the abnormal cancer cell, the basic understanding of the cell has greatly improved. (medscape.com)
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth and division of a cell, with extension beyond the normally limiting basement membrane and through the boundaries of normal cells. (medscape.com)
This is the multihit theory of tumorigenesis, in which a series of multiple triggering events in the genetic and cellular makeup of a cell ultimately cause cancer. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] These events lead the cancer cell to escape normal cell growth and control mechanisms, to avoid system control mechanisms (ie, immunologic surveillance), and to establish a nutrient supply. (medscape.com)
Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
Hanžić N*, Horvat A* , Bibić J, Unfried K, Jurkin T, Dražić G, Marijanović I, Slade N, Gotić M (2018) Syntheses of gold nanoparticles and their impact on the cell cycle in breast cancer cells subjected to megavoltage X-ray irradiation. (irb.hr)
In this way, senescence can be considered a powerful innate defence against cancer and viral infection. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Without one of these tumor suppressors, cells can grow and divide unchecked, leading to the development of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Cells are potent to go under abnormal growth processes and finally lead to tumor/cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
In the near future, novel chemo-/gene-therapies might be applied to treat cancer patient converting cancerous cells into normal differentiated cells. (intechopen.com)
Recent high-impact research has shown the genomic/genetic differences between cancer and normal cells using methods such as next-generation sequencing [ 1 , 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
The cytotoxic activity of novel thiazolinylphenyl-piperazines (2a-c) and corresponding N-acetyl derivatives (3a-c) against human prostate and breast cancer cell lines (LNCAP, DU-145 and PC-3, MCF-7, SKBR-3 and MDA-MB231) was investigated according to the procedure described in the literature. (bvsalud.org)
The reported data showed a cytotoxic effect for 2a-c and 3a-c compounds (IC50 values ranging from 15 µM to 73 µM) on the investigated cancer cell lines, with no effect on noncancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)
99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)

The researchers discovered that OSK expression in cells, such as murine and human fibroblasts, may significantly repair the epigenetic environment and patterns of gene expression of aged cells. (news-medical.net)

Finally, we discuss how certain hallmarks of ageing (epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere attrition, cellular senescence, and altered intercellular communication) predispose the ageing population to severe COVID-19. (ersjournals.com)

Senescent cells also undergo dramatic changes in their morphology and in the organization and architecture of their cellular compartments. (rupress.org)

All these markers of senescence were distinctly diminished, in a concentration-dependent manner, by Berberine. (aging-us.com)
In mammalian organisms, cells that express markers of senescence have been shown to accumulate with age and at sites of certain age-related pathologies. (nature.com)
The tested drug treatments reduced senescence and other ageing markers, further consolidating our approach as a screening platform. (biorxiv.org)

Radić M, Vlašić I, Jazvinšćak Jembrek M, Horvat A , Tadijan A, Sabol M, Dužević M, Herak Bosnar M, Slade N (2022) Characterization of Vemurafenib-Resistant Melanoma Cell Lines Reveals Novel Hallmarks of Targeted Therapy Resistance. (irb.hr)

Braig, M. & Schmitt, C. A. Oncogene-induced senescence: putting the brakes on tumor development. (nature.com)
Importantly, mitotic slippage and oncogene signalling synergistically induced senescence and key senescence regulators p21 and p16. (nih.gov)

However, the accumulation of senescent cells can have detrimental consequences, such as in age-related pathologies. (rupress.org)
These findings extend previous work on the impact of stress on biological aging by linking chronic stress exposure and daily stressful experiences to an accumulation of senescent cells. (cdc.gov)

Passaging 40.0 times resulted in senescent fibroblasts with no growth over 14 days, morphological alterations typical of aged cells, and a rise in cell-cycle regulator p21 (CDKN1A) transcripts. (news-medical.net)

As we age, our tissues accumulate senescent cells which are alive but do not grow or function as they should. (neurosciencenews.com)

scDiffCom is an R package, relying on approximately 5,000 curated ligand-receptor interactions, that performs differential intercellular communication analysis between two conditions from single-cell transcriptomics data. (nature.com)

These molecules are essential for embryonic development, wound healing, immune cell recognition, and many other physiological functions. (pharmiweb.com)
In G0 marker mice, almost all proximal tubular cells remained in the G0 phase under physiological conditions. (asn-online.org)

Cellular senescence, which recently has gained broad attention, is thought to be an important player in the onset and development of diabetic nephropathy. (hindawi.com)
Lossaint G*, Horvat A *, Gire V, Bačević K, Mrouj K, Charrier-Savournin F, Georget V, Fisher D, Dulić V (2022) Reciprocal regulation of p21 and Chk1 controls the cyclin D1-RB pathway to mediate senescence onset after G2 arrest. (irb.hr)

An image depicting head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro can be seen below. (medscape.com)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro (cell culture). (medscape.com)

Damage to our genomes triggers cellular senescence characterised by stable cell cycle arrest and a pro-inflammatory secretome that prevents the unrestricted growth of cells with pathological potential. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The molecules are found on the cell surface, where they facilitate adhesion to neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix, creating stable cell structures and supporting tissue organization. (pharmiweb.com)

The mechanisms underlying the cellular senescence of MSCs are still poorly understood. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence is a complex process, and its molecular mechanisms are unknown. (hindawi.com)
In the present review, we will focus on the role of cellular senescence and its related mechanisms in DN. (hindawi.com)
The IRI accelerated tubular cell senescence is presumed to be one of the mechanisms of the "long-term effect" of IRI. (techscience.com)

Telomeres wear away during cell division. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers have found that short or dysfunctional telomeres activate production of progerin, which is associated with age-related cell damage. (sciencedaily.com)
As the telomeres shorten, the cell produces more progerin. (sciencedaily.com)
The more cell divisions the cell underwent, the shorter the telomeres and the greater the production of progerin. (sciencedaily.com)
Within hours of treatment the older cells started to divide, and had longer telomeres - the 'caps' on the chromosomes which shorten as we age. (neurosciencenews.com)
They are able to grow, and their telomeres - the caps on the ends of the chromosomes that shorten as we age - are now longer, as they are in young cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
Telomeres are used to move the cell's genetic material in preparation for cell division. (msdmanuals.com)
Every time a cell divides, the telomeres shorten a bit. (msdmanuals.com)
Eventually, the telomeres become so short that the cell can no longer divide. (msdmanuals.com)

The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
More recently, cellular senescence has been considered as an additional cause of age-related tumorigenesis. (frontiersin.org)

Horvat A , Noto JM, Ramatchandirin B, Zaika E, Palrasu M, Wei J, Schneider BG, El-Rifai W, Peek Jr RM, Zaika AI (2018) Helicobacter pylori pathogen regulates p14ARF tumor suppressor and autophagy in gastric epithelial cells. (irb.hr)

Zhao H , Halicka HD , Li J , Darzynkiewicz Z , . Berberine suppresses gero-conversion from cell cycle arrest to senescence. (aging-us.com)
Additionally, Abedin and King showed that FGF-2 suppresses the cellular senescence of human MSCs [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

We are just starting to understand the broad relevance of senescence and its many pathophysiological implications. (rupress.org)

Findings also support the hypothesis that chronic stress is associated with accelerated aging by inducing cellular senescence, a common correlate of age-related diseases. (cdc.gov)

Proliferating cells can initiate an additional response by adopting a state of permanent cell-cycle arrest that is termed cellular senescence. (nature.com)
Cellular senescence is characterized by an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest coupled with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)

The PIC-based RNAseq study showed that G0 + CycD1 high cells exhibited the characteristic features of "Injured PTC" and "Senescence" compared with G0 + cells in the vehicle group. (asn-online.org)

In contrast, in contralateral kidneys of p53(+/+) mice and in both kidneys of p53(-/-) mice, almost no senescent cells were observed at 1 and 3 months after IRI, and only a few senescent cells were detected in IRI kidneys of p53(-/-) mice at 6 months. (techscience.com)
We also isolated primary proximal tubular cells from G0 marker mice and induced senescence. (asn-online.org)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess great therapeutic potential. (hindawi.com)
Studies investigating MSC senescence are therefore crucial for successful therapeutic application of MSCs. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, we highlight the potential therapeutic targets of cellular senescence in diabetic nephropathy and provide important clues for clinical strategies. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, we will explore the potential therapeutic targets of cellular senescence and provide important clues for clinical strategies in the management of DN. (hindawi.com)
Lastly, we will explore the current therapeutic approaches and challenges in targeting senescence. (frontiersin.org)
With this background information as a foundation, we then discuss each of the key questions in relation to the upcoming therapeutic trial and critically assess if the time is ripe for clinical translation of parthenogenetic stem cell technology in Parkinson's disease. (lu.se)

The team compiled a list of compounds that effectively converted human and mouse somatic cells into chemically induced pluripotent stem cells (CiPSCs) and assessed them using the NCC assay. (news-medical.net)
Scientists have discovered that, in the absence of resident stem cells, senescent cells can instruct neighboring somatic cells to reprogram. (dojindo.com)

Anatomy26

Organisms12

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs110

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Phenomena and Processes88

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Secretory phenotype5

Apoptosis8

Induces5

Arrest and cellular senescence2

Proliferation15

SASP4

Replicative6

Proteins16

Genes14

Cellular senescence plays1

Growth arrest4

Signaling pathway1

Vivo5

Induction4

Premature senescence2

INK4a8

Tumor suppression1

Inhibitors4

Heterochromatin foci1

Inflammation7

CDKN2A2

Hayflick3

Endothelial5

Replication4

Cytokines1

Oxidative stress2

State of cell cycle arrest1

Assays3

Irreversible cell cycle arrest2

Expanded in vitro1

Mechanism6

Cancer19

Gene1

Mitochondrial dysfunction1

Undergo1

Markers3

Melanoma1

Oncogene2

Accumulation of senescent cells2

Fibroblasts1

Accumulate1

Intercellular communication1

Physiological2

Onset2

Squamous cell carc2

Stable cell2

Mechanisms4

Telomeres9

Differentiation2

Tumorigenesis2

Gastric Epithelial Cells1

Suppresses2

Implications1

Findings1

Permanent cell-cycle arrest2

Characteristic features1

Mice2

Therapeutic6

Somatic cells2