Monoterpene precursor. Medical search. Frequent questions

Monoterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of two isoprene units and have the molecular formula C10H16. (wikipedia.org)
better source needed] According to a review, several studies showed "that some monoterpenes (e.g., pulegone, menthofuran, camphor, and limonene) and sesquiterpenes (e.g., zederone, germacrone) exhibited liver toxicity" and that i.a. intensive research on terpenes toxicity is needed. (wikipedia.org)
Monoterpenes have a simple structure and are commonly precursors to more complex terpenes. (cannabistraininguniversity.com)
It is also a precursor to some of the more complex terpenes that we find in marijuana. (wayofleaf.com)
This means myrcene functions as a precursor to the formation of other terpenes. (e1011labs.com)
this precursor toxicity can be alleviated by channeling the excessive prenyl pyrophosphates into terpenes through an exogenous terpene synthase [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Chemically defined as a bicyclic monoterpene, α-Pinene was reported as the most widely distributed terpene in nature and the dominant monoterpene in most essential oils as well as one of the most abundant terpenes in cannabis. (marijuanagrow.shop)
Beta pinene is a natural organic compound classified as monoterpene belonging to the family of terpenes. (pediaa.com)

Many monoterpenes are volatile compounds and some of them are well-known fragrants found in the essential oils of many plants. (wikipedia.org)
Seventeen monoterpene glycosides were identified without performing the hydrolytic artifacts commonly used to study these compounds whichmay affect sample profile. (unicatt.it)
Precursor apportionment of atmospheric OOMs connects them with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). (rsc.org)
Global isoprene and monoterpene emissions from terrestrial vegetation, which represent the most important source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Earth system, need to be included in global and regional chemical transport models given their major chemical impacts on the atmosphere. (copernicus.org)
Monoterpene indole alkaloids are plant secondary metabolites mostly found in Gentianales plants, which have remarkable structural diversity as well as valuable pharmacological and biological activities, of which more than 3000 compounds have been derived from their common precursor strictosidine. (ajgreenchem.com)
They observed elevated levels of monoterpene, a formerly considered biogenic emitted Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and determined a rapid oxidation rate by OH radical, O 3 and NO 3 radical observed with in-situ state-of-art instrumentations. (bioengineer.org)
Saffron stigmas contain four major bioactive compounds: crocins (family of six mono-glycosyl or di-glycosyl polyene esters), crocetin (a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid precursor of crocin), picrocrocin (monoterpene glycoside precursor of safranal and product of zeaxanthin degradation) and safranal. (neubria.gr)
This application note describes validation of a cryogen-free thermal desorption (TD)-GC-MS system for on-line monitoring of an extended range of very volatile species in ambient air, which includes ozone precursors (as specified by the US PAMS program), polar compounds and monoterpenes. (markes.com)
A major research area in atmospheric chemistry focuses on the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which contains a large variety of low-volatility organic compounds when generated by the ozonolysis of monoterpenes. (aaqr.org)
Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis showed that the extract contained monoterpene hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds, the major ones being carvacrol and thymol and to a lesser extent p-cymene, 1-octacosanol, creosol, and phytol. (hindawi.com)
It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of other compounds, including camphor and synthetic flavorings. (pediaa.com)
Alpha-pinene and beta-pinene belong to the same class of compounds known as monoterpene hydrocarbons. (pediaa.com)

The model is trained and tested using data acquired in controlled laboratory experiments, covering the oxidation products of four main types of VOCs (isoprene, monoterpenes, aliphatics, and aromatics). (rsc.org)
Selected monoterpenes and aromatics were used as representative precursors of BSOA and ASOA, respectively. (copernicus.org)
Continued study of mint monoterpenes and their role in wine aromatics will contribute to a deeper understanding of the development of aging bouquet and the longevity of premium wines. (ives-openscience.eu)

Umbellulone is another example of bicyclic monoterpene ketone. (wikipedia.org)

Geranyl diphosphate synthase (PbGDPS) is the key enzyme that converts precursors for monoterpene biosynthesis. (springeropen.com)
A great number of light-responsive, HY5-interacting, and circadian-responsive elements was enriched on the promoters of both structural genes and transcription factors for monoterpene biosynthesis. (springeropen.com)
Taken together, both circadian clock and light factors had positive effects on orchid floral scent emission, and the regulation resided on the control of both structural genes and transcription factors for monoterpene biosynthesis. (springeropen.com)
We aimed to develop a high-throughput functional metagenomic screening system for identifying novel terpene synthases from bacterial metagenomes by relieving the toxicity of terpene biosynthesis precursors to the Escherichia coli host. (biomedcentral.com)
Both strains have native metabolic pathways generating prenyl pyrophosphate precursors for the terpene biosynthesis, namely, the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in E. coli and the mevalonate (MVA) pathway in S. cerevisiae [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanism and evolution of [4+2] cyclases in monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis. (mpg.de)

Selected Monoterpenes and Monoterpenoids Myrcene is an acyclic monoterpene, an alkene hydrocarbon Menthol is a monocyclic monoterpenoid Limonene is a monocyclic monoterpene Carvone is a monoterpenoid Hinokitiol is a monoterpenoid, a tropolone derivative Linalool is an acyclic monoterpenoid Bicyclic monoterpenes include carene, sabinene, camphene, and thujene. (wikipedia.org)
it is an acyclic monoterpene with an acyclic structure. (cannabistraininguniversity.com)

This is due to ozonolysis of monoterpenes like Limonene leading to the production of atmospheric SOA. (wikipedia.org)

Monoterpenes are composed of two isoprene units, sesquiterpenes have three, and diterpenes have four. (cannabissciencetech.com)

Myrcene, sometimes known as Beta Myrcene or β-myrcene, is a type of aromatic molecule known as a monoterpene. (e1011labs.com)
2000). The major components of conifer-derived VOCs are monoterpenes (MTs), such as α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, Δ-3-carene, and limonene. (cdc.gov)

Precursor-directed synthesis of apoptosis-initiating N-hydroxyalkyl phenylbenzoisoquinolindione alkaloids. (mpg.de)
Gluconeogenesis is a synthesis pathway of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors. (easyomics.org)
Through this commentary article, we highlight the outstanding work of the Zhou's group which recently describes a distinct approach relying on the efficient recycling of enzyme co-factors in yeast to fulfill the synthesis of caffeic acid (CaA) and ferulic acid (FA), two precursors of podophyllotoxin. (univ-tours.fr)

Beijing is an anthropogenic VOC dominated environment with ∼64% aromatic and aliphatic OOMs, and the other boreal forested area has ∼76% monoterpene OOMs. (rsc.org)
Among them, anthropogenic monoterpenes absolutely dominated the contribution. (bioengineer.org)
However, in urban regions with high NOx emission, the role of anthropogenic monoterpenes on ozone production can be sharply enhanced. (bioengineer.org)
The current anthropogenic VOC emission reduction strategies for ozone pollution control barely consider the anthropogenic monoterpene emissions. (bioengineer.org)
This study shows that the control of urban ozone pollution in China and other developing countries may be more challenging than expected if the effects of anthropogenic monoterpene emissions on ozone production are considered. (bioengineer.org)
Given that monoterpenes also contribute to the formation of atmospheric aerosols, controlling anthropogenic monoterpenes emissions will be a win-win solution to the joint control of ozone and fine particle pollutions. (bioengineer.org)

Such fast oxidation rate of monoterpene even exceeded that of isoprene, which was thought to be the dominant biogenic emitted VOCs. (bioengineer.org)

MEGAN determines 657 and 55 Tg of isoprene and monoterpene emissions annually. (copernicus.org)
Since the biogenic emissions in eastern China could not explain the observation, they wondered if there was another monoterpene source. (bioengineer.org)

Geranyl pyrophosphate is the precursor to monoterpenes (and hence monoterpenoids). (wikipedia.org)
Elimination of the pyrophosphate group from geranyl pyrophosphate leads to the formation of acyclic monoterpenes such as ocimene and the myrcenes. (wikipedia.org)

Monoterpenes are derived biosynthetically from units of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, which is formed from acetyl-CoA via the intermediacy of mevalonic acid in the HMG-CoA reductase pathway. (wikipedia.org)
In higher plants, the isomeric C5 isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is synthesized in 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, and is used as the precursor of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) by GGPP synthase gene, GGPPS. (researchsquare.com)
Isoprenoids are biosynthesized from the simple precursors isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). (echelon-inc.com)

The medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus biosynthesizes many important drugs for human health, including the anticancer monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) vinblastine and vincristine. (bvsalud.org)

A principal contributor is the cyclic monoterpene limonene, which was isolated relatively early in grapes and wine. (ives-openscience.eu)
Not only does limonene itself possess a cool, fresh odor, it is also a precursor for, and possible derivative of, additional mint monoterpenes. (ives-openscience.eu)
Among the most commonly found monoterpenes, limonene and its derivatives can constitute the majority of the essential oils of citrus fruits, mint and herb plants, and coniferous trees. (ives-openscience.eu)

Since atmospheric OOMs are often highly functionalized products of multistep reactions, it is challenging to reveal the complete mapping relationships between OOMs and their precursors. (rsc.org)
In this study, we demonstrate that the machine learning method is useful in attributing atmospheric OOMs to their precursors using several chemical indicators, such as O/C ratio and H/C ratio. (rsc.org)
The results suggest that atmospheric OOMs in these two environments can be reasonably assigned to their precursors. (rsc.org)

With regard to agglomerated corks, there were reports on a poorly investigated glue-related flavor caused by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and traced back to unknown precursors released by agglomerated corks (Diekmann 1997). (infowine.com)

In the beginning, we were very confused because the biogenic emission of monoterpene was not able to sustain the observed concentrations with such high level of oxidants. (bioengineer.org)

Several monoterpenes produced by trees, such as linalool, hinokitiol, and ocimene have fungicidal and antibacterial activities and participate in wound healing. (wikipedia.org)
Phalaenopsis bellina and its closely related species, P. violacea , emit linalool, geraniol and their derivatives as the predominant monoterpenes at the full-bloom stages. (springeropen.com)
The floral scent profiles of P. bellina are dictated by monoterpenes, including linalool and geraniol and their derivatives (Hsiao et al. (springeropen.com)

Monoterpenes are emitted by forests and form aerosols that are proposed to serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). (wikipedia.org)

2012), and esters and monoterpenes participating in the desired fruity aroma attributes of wine (Capone et al. (infowine.com)

Another study suggests monoterpenes substantially affect ambient organic aerosol with uncertainties regarding environmental impacts. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha pinene is a natural organic compound classified as a monoterpene. (pediaa.com)

After revealing the potential source of monoterpenes, the researchers used an observation-based box model to quantify the contribution of monoterpene oxidation to local ozone production. (bioengineer.org)
It was found that the oxidation of monoterpenes during daytime can provide an additional ozone by about 4 ppb, accounting for about 6% of the total ozone production during the daytime. (bioengineer.org)
Although monoterpenes are also emitted in forest regions intensively, people don't worry about their contribution to ozone production, because nitrogen oxides, another precursor for ozone production, is very much limited in such environments. (bioengineer.org)

Ascaridole, camphor and eucalyptol are monoterpenes that have pharmaceutical use. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, recent studies showed that large amounts of monoterpenes sourced from the volatile chemical products evaporation in cities like New York, and their environmental impacts deserve further attention. (bioengineer.org)

Based on the correlation analysis of nocturnal monoterpenes and CO (a tracer of biomass burning), they revealed that monoterpenes were likely emitted from biomass burning. (bioengineer.org)

The precursor toxicity was achieved using an inducible operon encoding the prenyl pyrophosphate synthetic pathway and supplementation of the mevalonate precursor. (biomedcentral.com)
The pathway also supplies important precursor metabolites including 2-oxoglutarate. (easyomics.org)

The tandem mass spectrometer ran in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode where the precursor ions fragmented with nitrogen gas in the collision cell at a defined electron voltage. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, within the complex kinetics of wine aging, the relative concentrations of mint monoterpenes appears to continue to evolve and change, with additional evidence from model wine solutions suggesting they may even revert to their originating precursors. (ives-openscience.eu)

It is one of the purest commercially available and has one of the lowest boiling points of all monoterpenes, and therefore the most diffusive odor and poorest tenacity. (marijuanagrow.shop)

Many monoterpenes found in marine organisms are halogenated, such as halomon. (wikipedia.org)
Monoterpenes are found in many parts of different plants, such as barks, heartwood, bark and leaves of coniferous trees, in vegetables, fruits and herbs. (wikipedia.org)

A study suggests that a range of floor cleaners with certain monoterpenes may cause indoor air pollution equivalent or exceeding the harm to respiratory tracts when the time is spent near a busy road. (wikipedia.org)

This method was applied to study grape monoterpene glycosides, the main grape aroma precursors. (unicatt.it)
This is the first time that a detailed study of these aroma precursors has been carried out by direct LC/MS analysis. (unicatt.it)

Good sources of vitamin A are liver and eggs, as well as many plants, including carrots, which have a precursor, β-carotene (Figure 2.227) from which retinol may be made by action of a dioxygenase. (pressbooks.pub)

Essential oils are very rich in monoterpenes. (wikipedia.org)
Virtually all of these precursors are essential human nutrients [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

From that point, it was necessary to investigate the origins of those monoterpenes as well as the chemical conditions required for their development during ageing. (ives-openscience.eu)

Monoterpenes, a subclass of terpenoids, likewise play a major role in wine sensory perception. (ives-openscience.eu)

Anatomy13

Organisms38

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs59

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes18

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Terpenes8

Compounds12

Aromatics3

Bicyclic monoterpene1

Biosynthesis6

Acyclic monoterpene2

Ozonolysis of monoterpenes1

Sesquiterpenes1

Myrcene2

Synthesis3

Anthropogenic6

VOCs1

Emissions2

Geranyl pyrophosphate2

Isopentenyl3

Vinblastine1

Limonene3

Atmospheric3

19971

Biogenic1

Linalool3

Aerosols1

Esters1

Organic2

Ozone3

Camphor1

Studies showed1

Biomass1

Pathway2

Nitrogen1

Concentrations1

Odor1

Found2

Suggests1

Study2

Plants1

Essential2

Chemical1

Role1