Recent evidence implicates monocytes/macrophages in the etiopathology of cardiac fibrosis, but giving their heterogeneity and the antagonizing roles of macrophage subtypes in fibrosis, targeting these cells has been challenging. (nature.com)
By using single cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells in the same model, we establish the functional heterogeneity of macrophages and define an early pro-fibrogenic phase of NICM that is driven by Ccl5- expressing Ly6c high monocytes. (nature.com)
In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells ( e.g ., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. (wjgnet.com)
Membrane-bound CXCL16 is expressed by antigen-presenting cells such as monocytes, macrophages, B cells, and. (topsan.org)
APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Receptor8
Eotaxin-2 is a CC chemokine that signals through the CCR3 receptor. (peprotech.com)
Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR3 which triggers Ca(2+) mobilization in eosinophils. (cusabio.com)
Also acts as a ligand for CX3C chemokine receptor CX3CR1, inducing cell chemotaxis. (cusabio.com)
However, potential associations between chemokine and chemokine receptor polymorphisms and BD have been fundamentally understudied. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
To identify participation of chemokines in BD pathogenesis, we examined genetic variants of several chemokine and chemokine receptor genes. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Our findings indicate an association between genetic variants of certain chemokine and chemokine receptor (especially MCP-1) genes and BD. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
1 By contrast, potential associations between chemokine and chemokine receptor polymorphisms and BD have been fundamen tally understudied and only MCP-1 gene polymorphisms have been investigated in patients with BD. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Z200459The chemokine MIP-3 beta is a chemoattractant for T and B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophage progenitor cells, and natural killer cells. (topsan.org)
The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MGSA-α). (wikidoc.org)
CCL32
With occult O. volvulus infection, serum levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, MPIF-1/CCL23 and CXCL8/IL-8 enhanced and approached higher concentrations as determined in infection-free controls, whilst regulatory and Th2-type cytokines and chemokines MCP-4/CCL13, MIP-1δ/CCL15, TARC/CCL17 and IL-13 lessened. (nih.gov)
At least 675 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in purified monocytes, with the most obvious response the induction of some of the most prominent proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL1B, IL6, TNF, CCL3 and CCl4, as well as antiviral IFN stimulated genes. (news-medical.net)
Chemotactic protein1
Genotyping of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) A2518G, CCR2 V64I, CCR5 Δ32, CCR5 A55029G, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) 3'A, and CXCR4 C138T polymorphisms was performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
CCL22
At 3 days post-initial ivermectin treatment, MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-4/CCL13, MPIF-1/CCL23 and Eotaxin-2/CCL24 were strongly enhanced, suggesting that monocytes and eosinophil granulocytes have mediated Mf clearance. (nih.gov)
Among cardiac macrophage subtypes, WWP2 dysfunction primarily affects Ly6c high monocytes via modulating Ccl5, and consequentially macrophage infiltration and activation, which contributes to reduced myofibroblast trans -differentiation. (nature.com)
We identify a pro-fibrogenic macrophage subtype in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, and demonstrate that WWP2 is a key regulator of IRF7-mediated Ccl5/Ly6c high monocyte axis in heart fibrosis. (nature.com)
Chemoattractant protein1
A monocyte chemoattractant protein that has activity towards a broad variety of immune cell types. (lookformedical.com)
Receptors11
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR10 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
A CC-type chemokine that is found at high levels in the THYMUS and has specificity for CCR4 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
Like the CHEMOKINES themselves, the receptors can be divided into at least three structural branches: CR, CCR, and CXCR, according to variations in a shared cysteine motif. (lookformedical.com)
A CC chemokine with specificity for CCR1 RECEPTORS and CCR5 RECEPTORS. (lookformedical.com)
In previous studies, expression levels of several chemokine and chemokine receptors have been examined in patients with BD. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Motif chemokine ligand1
C-C motif chemokine ligand 24 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL24 gene. (wikipedia.org)
When they calculated an index for confirmed responsive genes across monocytes from different donors, this was confirmed. (news-medical.net)
[8] The gene for CXCL1 is located on human chromosome 4 amongst genes for other CXC chemokines. (wikidoc.org)
Protein1
Comprehensive proteomic screening of chemokines in the blister fluids of DEB-affected mice was conducted to define the inflammatory and immune activities, thus providing potential to examine local biological mechanisms and define the protein signature within lesional skin as a potential marker of disease activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Recruitment5
they can expand in response to injury through the recruitment of circulating monocytes from blood 14 . (nature.com)
CCL24 was downregulated strongly in both infections, suggesting reduced eosinophil recruitment. (news-medical.net)
Z200319CCL22 was described initially as a constitutively produced, thymus-specific chemokine, implicated in the recruitment of T cells. (topsan.org)
It may also be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during artherosclerosis. (creativebiomart.net)
The key mechanism that regulates recruitment of leukocytes and progenitor stem cells to distal anatomical tissues affected with disease is chemotaxis, which depends on the signaling molecules, chemokines, and acts primarily as part of the host defense and repair mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
CCL111
The effect of Mast cell Tryptase to the Expression of Eotaxin-1/CCL11, Eotaxin-2/CCL24 and Eotaxin-3/CCL26 by Conjunctival Fibroblasts. (nii.ac.jp)
Eotaxin2
Eotaxin-2 contains the four conserved cysteine residues present in CC chemokines. (peprotech.com)
Levels of Eotaxin-2/CCL24, MCP-3/CCL7 and BCA-1/CXCL13 remained unchanged. (nih.gov)
Following this the researchers compared monocyte responses to epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to other viruses, including the respiratory pathogen IAV and EBOV, a hemorrhagic disease associated with strong inflammation. (news-medical.net)
Z200339The mucosa-associated epithelial chemokine CCL28 is a common mucosal chemokine which is constitutively expressed by epithelial cells in most mucosal sites. (topsan.org)
Inflammatory1
Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. (lookformedical.com)
Specificity1
A knottin scaffold directs the CXC-chemokine-binding specificity of tick evasins. (peprotech.com)
CD14+ monocytes and B cells often show perturbed transcriptomes in COVID-19 patients, so the analysis was focused on these cells. (news-medical.net)
The change in Caco-2 cells was extremely mild in comparison, showing none of the effects the monocytes suffered from. (news-medical.net)
Profiling of monocytes in cocultures with Caco-2 cells infected with IAV revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 down signature was the most marked at an intermediate range, but the up signature could not be seen. (news-medical.net)
Molecules2
This chemokine is released from alpha-granules of activated platelets during platelet aggregation, and promotes blood coagulation by moderating the effects of heparin -like molecules. (wikidoc.org)
Assessment of blister fluid-derived chemokines showed a persistent presence of several chemotactic molecules, including CXCL1 + 2 and CXCL5. (biomedcentral.com)
Chemotaxis1
Despite their well-known involvement in neuroimmunologic processes, the pathogenic significance of chemokines, which are small signaling proteins with the ability to induce chemotaxis, has been relatively understudied in BD as compared with other immune system components. (psychiatryinvestigation.org)
Immune1
To investigate the effect of residual adult filaria on the immune response profile, chemokines and cytokines were quantified 1) in onchocerciasis patients who developed an occult O. volvulus infection (Mf-negative) due to repeated ivermectin treatments, 2) patients who became Mf-negative without ivermectin treatments due to missing re-infection, and 3) endemic and non-endemic O. volvulus Mf-negative controls. (nih.gov)
Soluble1
Z200369CXCL16, a newly discovered CXC chemokine, exists both in a transmembrane and a soluble form. (topsan.org)
Amino acid1
Z200049Exodus-2 has a unique 36 (murine) or 37 (human) amino acid carboxyl-terminal extension not seen in other chemokines. (topsan.org)
Host defense1
A chemokine that is a chemoattractant for MONOCYTES and may also cause cellular activation of specific functions related to host defense. (lookformedical.com)
Family1
Yeast surface display identifies a family of evasins from ticks with novel polyvalent CC chemokine-binding activities. (peprotech.com)
Infections1
They found that downregulation of LPS in monocytes was common to both SARS-CoV-2 and IAV infections, but upregulation of the response was only found in SARS-CoV-2. (news-medical.net)