Molecules in titan s atmosphere. Medical search. Frequent questions

But since it was discovered in the atmosphere of Saturn's fascinating moon Titan, astronomers have been left scuttle. (craffic.co.in)
Hydrocarbon lake on Saturn's moon Titan. (scitechdaily.com)
Webb and Keck Telescopes Team for Unprecedented Look at Saturn's Moon Titan - "Simply Extraordinary! (scitechdaily.com)
Scientists analyzing data from NASA's Cassini mission have discovered that a giant, toxic cloud is hovering over the south pole of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, after the atmosphere there cooled dramatically. (scienceblog.com)
This image taken by the Cassini orbiter on October 15, 2007, shows Saturn's A and F rings, the small moon Epimetheus and smog-enshrouded Titan, the planet's largest moon. (astronomy.com)
When they recombine, they form very complex macromolecules, a process first found to occur in the upper atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan. (cosmosmagazine.com)
In the predawn hours Friday, NASA's Cassini spacecraft will make a suicide dive into Saturn's atmosphere , vaporizing like a tiny meteor in the vast Saturnian sky. (latimes.com)
The site of the Cassini probe's crash in Saturn's atmosphere, circled in white. (universetoday.com)
As such, it was a bittersweet moment for the mission team when the probe concluded its Grand Finale and began descending into Saturn's atmosphere. (universetoday.com)
These include a mosaic of the final images snapped by Cassini's cameras, which show the location of where it would enter Saturn's atmosphere just hours later. (universetoday.com)
Foremost among these were Saturn's largest moon Titan and its icy moon Enceladus , both of which proved to be a treasure trove of scientific data. (universetoday.com)
Beyond that, Cassini also revealed a great deal about Saturn's atmosphere, which included the persistent hexagonal storm that exists around the planet's north pole. (universetoday.com)
This montage of images, made from data obtained by Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer, shows the location on Saturn where the NASA spacecraft entered Saturn's atmosphere on Sept. 15, 2017. (universetoday.com)
Voyager 1's trajectory, designed to send the spacecraft closely past the large moon Titan and behind Saturn's rings, bent the spacecraft's path inexorably northward out of the ecliptic plane -- the plane in which most of the planets orbit the Sun. Voyager 2 was aimed to fly by Saturn at a point that would automatically send the spacecraft in the direction of Uranus. (ufrgs.br)
Titan, Saturn's largest moon, measures 5,150 km across and is larger than the planet Mercury. (centauri-dreams.org)
And Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus both almost certainly have massive under-ice oceans of liquid water laced with complex organic molecules. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
Saturn's largest moon, Titan has an earthlike cycle of liquids flowing across its surface. (nasa.gov)
Saturn's largest moon Titan is an extraordinary and exceptional world. (nasa.gov)
NASA's Cassini spacecraft looks toward the night side of Saturn's largest moon and sees sunlight scattering through the periphery of Titan's atmosphere and forming a ring of color. (nasa.gov)
This image shows the first flash of sunlight reflected off a hydrocarbon lake on Saturn's moon Titan. (nasa.gov)
NASA's Cassini spacecraft sees bright methane clouds drifting in the summer skies of Saturn's moon Titan, along with dark hydrocarbon lakes and seas clustered around the north pole. (nasa.gov)
The puzzling appearance of an ice cloud seemingly out of thin air has prompted NASA scientists to suggest that a different process than previously thought -- possibly similar to one seen over Earth's poles -- could be forming clouds on Saturn's moon Titan. (nasa.gov)
I n the mid-2020's, NASA will launch a helicopter-like lander the size of a small car toward Titan, Saturn's largest moon. (nautil.us)
ALMA's first observations of the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan. (universetoday.com)
The Sun and Saturn's magnetic field deliver light and energized particles to Titan's atmosphere. (universetoday.com)
NASA's Cassini spacecraft has detected propylene, a chemical used to make food-storage containers, car bumpers and other consumer products, on Saturn's moon Titan. (tgdaily.com)
It's about as descriptive as calling a salad a food, wrote Sarah Hörst , a professor at Johns Hopkins University who studies the atmospheric chemistry on Titan, Saturn's moon. (scienceline.org)
In the nitrogen-heavy atmospheres of two of Saturn's moons, Titan and Triton, ultraviolet (UV) light hits methane and nitrogen to start a chain of reactions creating increasingly complex carbon-nitrogen molecules. (scienceline.org)
Such atmospheric haze is evident in the visages of Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, and Saturn's moon Titan . (space.com)
Jupiter's atmosphere is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, while Saturn's atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen and methane. (skystreamenergy.com)
Researchers at NASA recently announced that they had experimentally recreated the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan in the lab. (scientificamerican.com)
Saturn's largest moon, Titan , has an atmosphere thicker than that of Earth. (worldbook.com)
Saturn's big moon Titan is turning out to be the most Earth-like world in the solar system - except that it is utterly, weirdly, wildly unlike Earth. (skyandtelescope.org)
Titan, Saturn's largest moon, has a plethora of organic compounds in the atmosphere and on the surface that interact with each other. (bvsalud.org)

Solar radiation is the main cause of these cycles and is the dominant energy source for Titan's atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)
Keen to understand what could give rise to this mysterious cloud, the scientists dove into Cassini's observations and found an important clue in the spectrum of sunlight reflected by Titan's atmosphere. (scienceblog.com)
Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer (VIMS) maps the distribution of chemical compounds in Titan's atmosphere and on its surface. (scienceblog.com)
The light coming from the polar vortex showed a remarkable difference with respect to other portions of Titan's atmosphere," says de Kok. (scienceblog.com)
How complex organic molecules become nitrogenated in settings like early Earth or Titan's atmosphere is a big mystery, Imanaka said. (astronomy.com)
Imanaka and Mark Smith converted a nitrogen-methane gas mixture similar to Titan's atmosphere into a collection of nitrogen-containing organic molecules by irradiating the gas with high-energy ultraviolet (UV) rays. (astronomy.com)
The laboratory setup was designed to mimic how solar radiation affects Titan's atmosphere. (astronomy.com)
Titan's atmosphere is a lot like the Earth's, except that it is very cold, from -330 degrees to -290 degrees! (windows2universe.org)
Astronomers from the IAA have analyzed an emission detected few months ago in Titan's atmosphere and reveal the existence of large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. (iaa.es)
What an interesting thing Titan's atmosphere turns out to be. (centauri-dreams.org)
Measurements of the 13 C/ 12 C ratio in Titan's atmosphere indicate that methane was injected into the atmosphere not more than 0.5-1 billion years ago. (centauri-dreams.org)
Titan's atmosphere is made mostly of nitrogen, like Earth's, but with a surface pressure 50 percent higher than Earth's. (nasa.gov)
Titan was famously featured in the 2009 film "Star Trek"-the U.S.S. Enterprise comes out of warp in Titan's atmosphere in order to sneak up on the Romulan ship attacking Earth. (nasa.gov)
The same kind of cycle takes place in Titan's troposphere -- the weather-forming layer of Titan's atmosphere -- but with methane instead of water. (nasa.gov)
In the 1980s, data collected by the first Voyager probe during its brief, 37,000 mile-per-hour flyby revealed how surprisingly thick and opaque Titan's atmosphere is. (nautil.us)
As researchers continued to discover more and more chemicals in Titan's atmosphere using ground- and space-based instruments, propylene was one that remained elusive. (tgdaily.com)
This success boosts our confidence that we will find still more chemicals long hidden in Titan's atmosphere. (tgdaily.com)
Cassini's mass spectrometer, a device that looks at the composition of Titan's atmosphere, had hinted earlier that propylene might be present in the upper atmosphere. (tgdaily.com)
I am always excited when scientists discover a molecule that has never been observed before in an atmosphere," said Scott Edgington, Cassini's deputy project scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "This new piece of the puzzle will provide an additional test of how well we understand the chemical zoo that makes up Titan's atmosphere. (tgdaily.com)
During one recent mission, a probe broadcasted a 2.5-hour film to NASA as it descended into Titan's atmosphere. (simpsonstreetfreepress.org)

Titan has an inclination of about 27 degrees, which is similar to Earth's, meaning that sunlight reaches different areas with varying intensity due to the tilt. (scitechdaily.com)
On Titan, Cassini revealed evidence of methane lakes and seas, the existence of a methanogenic cycle (similar to Earth's hydrological cycle), and the presence of organic molecules and prebiotic chemistry. (universetoday.com)
Titan's dense atmosphere, as well as gravity roughly equivalent to Earth's Moon, mean that a raindrop falling through Titan's sky would fall more slowly than on Earth. (nasa.gov)
While Earth rain falls at about 20 miles per hour (9.2 meters per second), scientists have calculated that rain on Titan falls at about 3.5 miles per hour (1.6 meters per second), or about six times more slowly than Earth's rain. (nasa.gov)
In this case, their simulations spanned more than 50 gigapascals (GPa)-nearly 500,000 times Earth's atmosphere-and temperatures up to 5,000 kelvin. (llnl.gov)
The Cassini/Huygens spacecraft at the Saturn system has been revealing the oddities of Titan to us, with its lakes and rain clouds of methane, and an atmosphere thicker than Earth's. (universetoday.com)
The press release from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory states, "studying this complex chemistry may provide insights into the properties of Earth's very early atmosphere. (universetoday.com)
In Earth's atmosphere, the Sun's UV light hits small molecules like oxygen and nitrogen, scattering bluer wavelengths more than redder wavelengths, causing the sky to appear blue. (scienceline.org)
Nitrogen, the overwhelming component of Earth's atmosphere, is transparent. (space.com)
Earth's atmosphere consists of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, and contains trace amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide and water vapor. (skystreamenergy.com)
The atmospheres of these planets are extremely thick, making them much less dense than Earth's atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)
Despite these differences, the atmosphere of Venus has a similar mix of elements to Earth's atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)
The Earth's atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0. (skystreamenergy.com)
Thanks to our trusty magnetosphere, Earth's surface is protected from this type of radiation, but the same can't be said for Titan, which can only rely on its thick atmosphere to absorb the incoming radiation. (gizmodo.com)

Titan is the largest moon of Saturn, as well as the second largest in the entire Solar System. (owlconnected.com)
Astronomers have been researching Saturn 's moon Titan for roughly 30 years, discovering that the moon experiences seasonal changes that affect it more than previously thought. (scitechdaily.com)
Each season on Titan spans about 7.5 years and it takes 29.5 years for Saturn to orbit Sol, so data has now been gathered for an entire Titan year. (scitechdaily.com)
Titan not only receives solar radiation that drives the seasons on this exotic satelite of Saturn but also it will give an exotic view of two suns (for Titans) , one being distant cool Sun and other one being nearby failed star Saturn. (scitechdaily.com)
The finding indicates what organic molecules might be found on Titan, the moon of Saturn that scientists think is a model for the chemistry of pre-life Earth. (astronomy.com)
Titan, Saturn´s biggest moon, is the only satellite in the Solar System with a dense atmosphere and the only object other than Earth with confirmed surface liquid material. (iaa.es)
It is natural to ask how is this possible since Titan sits in the same position relative to Saturn that Ganymede sits relative to Jupiter? (windows2universe.org)
Because Titan is near Saturn however, which is giving off heat, it is warm enough for the evaporation of Nitrogen to form an atmosphere. (windows2universe.org)
A better option could be to put turbines in the seas because Saturn creates strong tides on Titan . (newscientist.com)
Being young and naive, I thought it interesting to propose a Saturn orbiter with a probe to Saturn or Titan. (latimes.com)
On September 15th, 2017 , after nearly 20 years in service, the Cassini spacecraft ended its mission by plunging into the atmosphere of Saturn. (universetoday.com)
molecule in the atmosphere of Titan (a moon of Saturn) which they believe could prove aliens exist. (1079ishot.com)
A separate study also found that some of the largest dunes on Titan may have taken up to 3,000 Saturn years to form, the equivalent to 90,000 years here on Earth. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
A giant of a moon appears before a giant of a planet undergoing seasonal changes in this natural color view of Titan and Saturn from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. (nasa.gov)
The hazy globe of Titan hangs in front of Saturn and its rings in this natural color view from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. (nasa.gov)
The first observations with ALMA of Titan have added to the Saturn moon's list of mysteries. (universetoday.com)
Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, has a dense and nitrogen-rich atmosphere, which is similar to that of early Earth before lived evolved. (copernicus.org)
The Cassini spacecraft flew past the moon Titan 127 times during its 14-year mission in the Saturn system. (copernicus.org)
The four gas giant planets in our Solar System - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune - are mostly composed of atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)
Using spectrometer data from the Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn, they combined a mixture of hydrocarbons and nitriles that are representative of what might be found on Titan. (scientificamerican.com)
Titan, a moon of Saturn, will soon host a new drone mission by NASA, nicknamed "Dragonfly. (simpsonstreetfreepress.org)
NASA's newest mission will either land a quadcopter-like spacecraft on the surface of Saturn 's moon Titan or collect a sample from the nucleus of a comet. (sciencealert.com)
This large, cold moon of Saturn features a thick atmosphere and lakes and rivers of liquid methane, and scientists believe that a watery ocean may lurk beneath its frozen crust . (sciencealert.com)

Among our solar system's more than 150 known moons, Titan is the only one with a substantial atmosphere. (nasa.gov)
Of all the planets, moons and asteroids in our solar system, Titan is a rarity. (nautil.us)
The study's catalog included a goodly number of theoretical worlds' spectra, from many of our solar system's planets and moons with simulated atmospheres of varying thicknesses, to gas- and ice giant exoplanets, as well as sub-Neptune-sized worlds with hydrogen-dominated or thick, water-steam envelopes . (space.com)
Chide believes this technique will be even more informative on planets and moons with denser atmospheres, such as Venus and Titan, where sound waves interact more strongly and propagate farther. (acoustics.org)

Scientists believe the tholin particles form high in the atmosphere, where ultraviolet sunlight breaks apart and ionizes nitrogen and methane molecules and allows them to react with one another to form more and more complex negatively and positively charged ions. (cosmosmagazine.com)
A fine haze produced by sunlight breaking apart methane molecules settles continuously to the surface, leaving organic liquid and solid sediments. (centauri-dreams.org)
This natural color image shows Titan's upper atmosphere-an active place where methane molecules are being broken apart by solar ultraviolet light and the byproducts combine to form compounds like ethane and acetylene. (nasa.gov)

For some strange reason, C3H2 seems to be happy to exist in Titan's upper atmosphere, staying stable miles above the surface. (owlconnected.com)
This is about 200 degrees Fahrenheit (about 100 degrees Celsius) colder than predictions from current theoretical models of Titan's upper atmosphere. (scienceblog.com)
Imanaka and Smith's paper, "Formation of nitrogenated organic aerosols in the Titan upper atmosphere," is scheduled for publication in the Early Online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the week of June 28. (astronomy.com)
The UA researchers wanted to simulate conditions in Titan's thin upper atmosphere because results from the Cassini mission indicated that "extreme UV" radiation hitting the atmosphere created complex organic molecules. (astronomy.com)
But the atmospheric circulation reverses direction twice a year, and strong winds have been revealed in the upper atmosphere by cloud tracking and the brief measurements the Huygens probe made in 2005 as it descended towards the moon. (newscientist.com)
If we had wind machines in the upper atmosphere, we could generate power ten times greater than we do with wind turbines here on Earth," says Hendrix. (newscientist.com)
In Titan's upper atmosphere, methane is being turned into other molecules, among them acetylene, which condenses and falls to the surface. (centauri-dreams.org)
In this session, scientific presentations are solicited to cover all aspects of current research on Titan: from its interior to its upper atmosphere, using data collected in the frame of the Cassini-Huygens mission (2004-2017) or from ground-based telescopes (e.g. (copernicus.org)

Astronomers have made breakthroughs in studying the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanetary system, emphasizing the role of stellar contamination and exploring the potential atmospheres of TRAPPIST-1 b. (scitechdaily.com)
A new mystery of Titan has been uncovered by astronomers using their latest asset in the high altitude desert of Chile. (universetoday.com)
Using the now fully deployed Atacama Large Millimeter Array ( ALMA ) telescope in Chile, astronomers moved from observing comets to Titan. (universetoday.com)
The ALMA astronomers called it a "brief 3 minute snapshot of Titan. (universetoday.com)
With Titan and Earth, astronomers will have points of comparison to determine what is happening on distant exo-planets, whether it's life or not. (universetoday.com)
Perfumers and astronomers can detect and recreate scents based on the chemical signatures of the molecules in the air, even if that air is very very far away. (scientificamerican.com)

The first steps in these processes were measured, particularly the formation of dimers of large organic molecules called Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (europa.eu)
Equipped with instruments capable of identifying large organic molecules, the quadcopter would be able to fly to multiple locations hundreds of miles apart to study the landscape on Titan. (sciencealert.com)

The Huygens probe descends through Titan's murky, brownish-orange atmosphere of nitrogen and carbon-based molecules, beaming its findings to the distant Cassini orbiter. (esa.int)
Toby Owen gets a lot of credit for pushing the Cassini mission, especially the interest in Titan as an analogue of Earth in its early days. (latimes.com)
On Enceladus, Cassini examined the mysterious plumes emanating from its southern pole, revealing that they extended all the way to the moon's interior ocean and contained organic molecules and hydrated minerals. (universetoday.com)
As Cassini approached Titan on Aug. 21, 2005, it captured this natural color view of the moon's orange, global smog. (centauri-dreams.org)
The dwarf planet's red hues looked similar to the colors seen on Titan by NASA's Cassini probe . (scienceline.org)
In our recent publication [1] we reported new results concerning the seasonal atmospheric evolution near Titan's poles and equator in terms of temperature and composition using nadir spectra acquired by the Cassini Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) at high spectral resolution during the last year of the Cassini mission in 2017 complementing previous investigations covering almost two Titan seasons. (copernicus.org)

A statement by NASA on Tuesday said that the simple carbon-based molecule as per the scientists may be an antecedent to more complex compounds that could lead to making life possible on Titan. (craffic.co.in)
It breaks up nitrogen and methane into more complex molecules, such as ethane, and acts as the driving force for chemical changes. (scitechdaily.com)
Like the Earth, there is a lot of Nitrogen and other complex molecules. (windows2universe.org)
Laboratory experiments had shown that an irradiated mixture of nitrogen and methane produces complex organic molecules and compounds, including some that are present in living systems on the Earth. (latimes.com)
I mean Titan is currently the only celestial body known to have a complex atmosphere and primitive alike Earth life conditions. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
NPAHs are important prebiotic precursors for synthesizing molecules that are the basis of complex proteins such as RNA and DNA. (llnl.gov)
This energy causes the formation of complex organics in the Titan atmosphere. (universetoday.com)
While it's unlikely that there's life on Pluto, the color change from Pluto's blue atmosphere to its red surface indicates the chemical transition of tholins from simple smog to large, complex compounds. (scienceline.org)
As these complex molecules first settled into our planet's early oceans billions of years ago, they may have formed the amino acids and nucleic bases that were the building blocks of proteins and DNA of early life - and of us. (scienceline.org)
A detailed knowledge of the response of complex molecular systems to ionization or excitation and its influence on chemical reactivity is required to fully understand processes in astrophysical environments, planetary atmospheres as well as mechanisms associated with radiation damage. (uam.es)
The organism in Titan has been labelled as tholins and are complex organic molecules that have been subjected to radiation and sunlight for long swathes of time. (simpsonstreetfreepress.org)
Physical chemist Ralf Kaiser from the University of Hawaii and his colleagues conducted an experiment to see if frozen acetylene-a chemical compound used in welding-could be converted into complex organic molecules like the ones seen on Titan, specifically benzene and naphthalene. (gizmodo.com)

Located in Titan's stratosphere, the cloud is made of a compound of carbon and nitrogen known as dicyanoacetylene (C4N2), an ingredient in the chemical cocktail that colors the giant moon's hazy, brownish-orange atmosphere. (nasa.gov)

The four inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are all terrestrial planets and have atmospheres composed mostly of nitrogen or carbon dioxide. (skystreamenergy.com)
Venus has a much thicker atmosphere, comprised mostly of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. (skystreamenergy.com)
Mars also has an atmosphere that is comprised mostly of carbon dioxide, but also has trace amounts of neon and nitrogen. (skystreamenergy.com)
Other elements that can be found in smaller amounts in the atmospheres of these planets include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfur dioxide. (skystreamenergy.com)
Venus has an atmosphere that is composed primarily of carbon dioxide, with a small amount of nitrogen and sulfuric acid, and trace amounts of other elements. (skystreamenergy.com)
Mars is the only place in the solar system where that happens in the audible bandwidth because of the unique properties of the carbon dioxide molecule that composes the atmosphere," said Chide. (acoustics.org)

Proteins are one of the most important types of molecules in living creatures. (windows2universe.org)
Meanwhile, the oxygen in our air chemically reacts with many types of molecules that would otherwise form an opaque haze. (space.com)

Ever heard of a molecule named cyclopropenylidene in your high school chemistry quizzes which is a combination of carbon and hydrogen, maybe the chances are negligible for all of you. (craffic.co.in)
C3H2 is a carbon-based molecule-it has three carbon atoms (C3) and two hydrogen atoms in it (H2). (owlconnected.com)
Although it would be inefficient to combust hydrocarbons on the moon itself due to the lack of readily available oxygen, future inhabitants of Titan could add hydrogen to acetylene to generate power. (newscientist.com)
The molecules observed were hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) and cyanoacetylene (HC3N). (universetoday.com)
Mercury's atmosphere is incredibly thin and is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. (skystreamenergy.com)
Uranus and Neptune both have atmospheres that are composed mostly of hydrogen, helium, and methane. (skystreamenergy.com)
The atmospheres of these planets contain mostly hydrogen and helium, as well as various other elements and compounds. (skystreamenergy.com)
These atmospheres create a blanket of gas with a wide range of particles and elements, including ammonia, methane, hydrogen sulfide, and water vapor. (skystreamenergy.com)
Its atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium, but there are also trace amounts of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and other elements that have been detected. (skystreamenergy.com)

Comets, made mostly of water, ice, and dust, have been known since the 1970s to also contain a number of small molecules such as ammonia (NH3) and methanol (CH 3 OH). (llnl.gov)

Additionally, the new observations add to understanding Titan - a second data point (after Earth) for understanding organics of exo-planets, which may number in the hundreds of billions beyond our solar system within our Milky Way galaxy. (universetoday.com)
Despite its satellite status, Titan has nothing to envy to planets: it has planetary dimensions, a substantial and dynamic atmosphere, a carbon cycle, a variety of geological features (dunes, lakes, rivers, mountains…), seasons and a hidden ocean. (copernicus.org)
Most planets in the Solar System have an atmosphere, though the composition can vary greatly from planet to planet. (skystreamenergy.com)
Do all 8 planets have an atmosphere? (skystreamenergy.com)
No, not all eight planets have an atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)
Venus, Earth, and Mars, which are the three planets located between Mercury and Jupiter all have atmospheres, although the compositions of each are quite different. (skystreamenergy.com)
Which planets are mostly made of atmosphere? (skystreamenergy.com)

Before we had an oxygen atmosphere, before we had life, we could have had a similar atmosphere to Titan's. (latimes.com)
Both atmospheres have an approximately similar percentage of nitrogen, and Venus also has significant amounts of oxygen and water vapor in its atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)
While Earth has an oxidizing atmosphere and very little fuel for our oxygen to burn, Titan has a reducing atmosphere that's loaded with fuel - methane, familiar to us as natural gas - but no oxygen. (skyandtelescope.org)

The reason is that it is very reactive-this means that it easily combines with other molecules to form new compounds. (owlconnected.com)

Alien microbes could be flourishing in the underground seas of Titan and the solar system's other ocean worlds. (nautil.us)

But this is tricky work, with weaker spectral features difficult to tease out because of the moon's dense atmosphere. (centauri-dreams.org)

The atmosphere of Venus is much denser than that of Earth, with a mean atmospheric pressure at the surface that is 90 times that of Earth. (skystreamenergy.com)

On Titan, hydrocarbons form after sunlight breaks apart methane, the second-most plentiful gas in that atmosphere. (tgdaily.com)

As a gas, HCN is present in small amounts in the nitrogen-rich atmosphere of Titan. (scienceblog.com)

A thick atmosphere protects its solid surface from damaging radiation and it is the only other place in the solar system with liquid on its surface . (newscientist.com)
It is the only moon with a thick atmosphere. (nasa.gov)

The planet that has an atmosphere most like Earth is Venus. (skystreamenergy.com)

Earth and Titan are the only known planetary-sized bodies that have thick, predominantly nitrogen atmospheres, said Hiroshi Imanaka, who conducted the research while a member of UA's chemistry and biochemistry department. (astronomy.com)
Titan is so interesting because its nitrogen-dominated atmosphere and organic chemistry might give us a clue to the origin of life on our Earth," said Imanaka, now an assistant research scientist in the UA's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. (astronomy.com)
It's possible we are missing it because it's being masked by the atmosphere," says Sarah Hörst , a planetary scientist at Johns Hopkins University. (newscientist.com)
Centauri Dreams recently looked at Titan as a possible abode for life, energized by a paper given at the Division of Planetary Sciences meeting by David Grinspoon. (centauri-dreams.org)
It was to answer that question that Caitlin Griffith (University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory) and colleagues embarked on a study of cryovolcano activity on Titan. (centauri-dreams.org)
The reason we're interested in life on Titan is because of its atmosphere," says Catherine Neish, a planetary scientist at the University of Western Ontario. (nautil.us)

NASA's upcoming Dragonfly mission has Titan, which is an icy moon with methane lakes, on its target which will look for the manifestation of past or present life. (craffic.co.in)
Life on Titan cannot be proved with the discovery of cyclopropenylidene but it adds a new layer of fascination to the many mysteries surrounding the jumbo-size, intriguing moon. (craffic.co.in)
Bigger than Mercury, it is the only moon with a dense atmosphere and the only body other than Earth known to have stable bodies of liquid on its surface. (owlconnected.com)
All of these things put together make Titan a very fascinating moon to study-you can see why NASA landed the Huygens probe on its surface in January 2005. (owlconnected.com)
Not only does this molecule not exist naturally on Earth, it hasn't been seen yet on any planet or moon, in our Solar System or otherwise. (owlconnected.com)
Titan is the only moon in the solar system that is cloaked in a dense atmosphere. (scienceblog.com)
This Voyager 2 photograph of Titan, taken Aug. 23, 1981, from a range of 1.4 million miles, shows some detail in the cloud systems on this Saturnian moon. (latimes.com)
According to their report, NASA scientist have discovered cyclopropenylidene (C3H2) in the moon's atmosphere. (1079ishot.com)
Titan is the only moon in the solar system with an atmosphere, and the only other body besides Earth with liquid on its surface. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
Titan is larger than the planet Mercury and is the second largest moon in our solar system. (nasa.gov)
Larger than our moon and even Mercury, which is roughly two-fifths the size of Earth, Titan hosts plenty of intriguingly unique environments. (nautil.us)
High in the atmosphere of Titan, large patches of two trace gases glow near the north pole, on the dusk side of the moon, and near the south pole, on the dawn side. (universetoday.com)
The detection of the chemical fills in a mysterious gap in Titan observations that dates back to NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft and the first-ever close flyby of this moon in 1980. (tgdaily.com)
Enceladus, another moon, has erupting geysers that spew water ice and organic (carbon-bearing) molecules into space. (worldbook.com)

Typically, when UV light hits a larger tholin molecule, it acts more like it hit a cloud, producing a white-colored light. (scienceline.org)

A haze layer surrounds Titan at the northern pole and it is significantly reduced during the equinox because of atmospheric circulation patterns. (scitechdaily.com)
With the Voyager 1 flyby in 1980, we flew close to Titan and found that with the cameras and instruments we had, we couldn't see through the haze to the surface. (latimes.com)

Titan is believed to be a parallel to ancient Earth as scientists believe a subsurface ocean of water on it. (craffic.co.in)
NASA Goddard astrobiologist Melissa Trainer said that the Titan is considered a real-life laboratory because we can see homogeneous chemistry to that of ancient Earth when life was just shaping out. (craffic.co.in)
Though much colder, Titan today has similarities to what Earth was like back at the start of the Archean era, four billion years ago. (owlconnected.com)
We think of Titan as a real-life laboratory where we can see similar chemistry to that of ancient Earth when life was taking hold here," says NASA scientist Melissa Trainer. (owlconnected.com)
Just like Earth, the seasons on Titan change. (scitechdaily.com)
Titan is 10.69 AU away from Earth. (scitechdaily.com)
Like our home planet, Earth, Titan experiences seasons. (scienceblog.com)
On Earth, those particles are very tiny nitrogen molecules. (cosmosmagazine.com)
For all its alien strangeness, Titan is remarkably Earth-like. (newscientist.com)
At almost 10 times the distance from the sun as Earth, Titan receives just one hundredth the sunlight . (newscientist.com)
The brightest it ever is on Titan is like dusk on Earth," Hörst says. (newscientist.com)
There was Titan, which looked kind of like an Earth in deep freeze. (latimes.com)
According to these scientists, C3H2 is an extremely rare carbon-based molecule that can only be created on Earth in lab conditions. (1079ishot.com)
Let me share with you what astrobiologist Melissa Trainer told Business Insider: 'We think of Titan as a real-life laboratory where we can see similar chemistry to that of ancient Earth when life was taking hold here. (1079ishot.com)
While the windswept dunes of Titan might seem remarkably like those we see on Earth, their origins are anything but familiar. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
What they found was that rather than building up continuously over time like the sand dunes on Earth, the dunes on Titan were produced by short, rapid bursts of strong wind. (unexplained-mysteries.com)
And of all the places in the solar system, Titan is the only place besides Earth known to have liquids in the form of rivers, lakes and seas on its surface. (nasa.gov)
The maximum diameter of Earth raindrops is about 0.25 inches (6.5 millimeters) while raindrops on Titan can reach diameters of 0.37 inches (9.5 millimeters), or about 50 percent larger than an Earth raindrop. (nasa.gov)
Primordial Earth was a hostile place-volcanism, extreme heat, a turbulent atmosphere, intense ultraviolet radiation from a young, hot sun, and continual bombardment from comets and meteorites. (llnl.gov)
Titan will come first, though, making it the first ocean world-other than Earth, of course-to be explored. (nautil.us)
Voyager identified many of the gases in Titan's hazy brownish atmosphere as hydrocarbons, the chemicals that primarily make up petroleum and other fossil fuels on Earth. (tgdaily.com)
So while we can't breathe the atmosphere on Pluto, its blue smog gives us some new insight about how life may have begun on Earth - and perhaps on other worlds where we might someday find life, like Titan . (scienceline.org)
What planet has an atmosphere most like Earth? (skystreamenergy.com)
Perfumers back on Earth used the chromatography trace to identify the molecules in the smell and create an ultra rosey scent for the brand Shiseido. (scientificamerican.com)
Researchers believe that comets delivered water and organic molecules to early Earth, potentially contributing to the origins of life. (sciencealert.com)
In the same press release, Matthew Abplanalp, a co-author of the study, said "unraveling the origin and chemical pathways to form this organic dune material is vital not only to understand Titan's chemical evolution, but also to grasp how alike the chemistries on Titan and on Earth might have been like before life emerged on Earth 3.5 million years ago. (gizmodo.com)

Scientists have run this earthshine through a spectrometer and found "biosignatures" from our atmosphere and plants. (listverse.com)
This mosaic was created using data obtained by Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer, which also showed the exact location where the spacecraft would enter the atmosphere - 9.4 degrees north latitude by 53 degrees west longitude. (universetoday.com)
A small amount of propylene was identified in Titan's lower atmosphere by Cassini's composite infrared spectrometer (CIRS). (tgdaily.com)

Moreover, they were of importance in other low temperature environments, such as extraterrestrial atmospheres like the one of Titan. (europa.eu)
These results suggest that the pyridine:acetylene co-crystal could form in specific geologic contexts on Titan that allow for warm environments in which liquid pyridine could persist, and as such, this cryomineral may preserve the evidence of impact, cryovolcanism, or subsurface transport in surface materials. (bvsalud.org)

Another intriguing notion: biological heating could contribute to the smoothness and surface activity on Titan, contributing to melting of water-ammonia ice. (centauri-dreams.org)

Finding these molecules in the form of ice was surprising, as HCN can condense to form frozen particles only if the atmospheric temperature is as cold as minus 234 degrees Farenheit (minus 148 degrees Celsius). (scienceblog.com)
If some of the particles are the same nitrogen-containing organic molecules the UA team created in the laboratory, conditions conducive to life are more likely, Smith said. (astronomy.com)
Solar EUV radiation and energetic particles ionizes the atmosphere and thereby forming a layer of plasma, the ionosphere, in the uppermost part of the atmosphere. (copernicus.org)
Along with these gases, it also contains dust, soot, smoke and other particles which make up a significant part of the atmosphere. (skystreamenergy.com)

C3H2) in its atmosphere. (owlconnected.com)
In short, C3H2 is one very rare molecule. (owlconnected.com)

There are no processes of CH4 formation in the atmosphere, so the photochemical loss must therefore be balanced by abiogenic and biogenic sources. (newmars.com)

as well as OSIRIS REx , a spacecraft en route to the asteroid Bennu that will send back a sample from the rock's surface in September 2023. (sciencealert.com)

It is also believed that Titan has salt water lakes on its surface. (1079ishot.com)
Titan also has large lakes, but these contain about a third of the necessary methane, available through evaporation, to replenish that atmosphere, which should be depleted over geological time scales. (centauri-dreams.org)
Titan has clouds, rain, rivers, lakes and seas of liquid hydrocarbons like methane and ethane. (nasa.gov)

There may be places on Titan that are energy-rich but liquid-poor, with plenty of acetylene to metabolize, though it may be locked up in ice. (centauri-dreams.org)
Our work here demonstrates that the pyridine:acetylene co-crystal is stable from 90 K, Titan's average surface temperature, up to 180 K under an atmosphere of N2. (bvsalud.org)

Although cyclopropenylidene has been spotted in gas and dust clouds in space, but it is the first time it has been found in an atmosphere. (craffic.co.in)

The difference between Ganymede and Titan, is that Titan formed in a region cold enough for the condensation of Nitrogen. (windows2universe.org)

A spectrum splits the light from a celestial body into its constituent colors, revealing signatures of the elements and molecules present. (scienceblog.com)
other places in the solar system, including celestial bodies devoid of atmospheres. (gizmodo.com)

Any future search for living organisms should be only from Titan because of rich hydrocarbons in its atmosphere.Thank You. (scitechdaily.com)
Titan houses one of the only sanctuaries for living organisms to exist in this solar system. (simpsonstreetfreepress.org)

Regarding the collisional processes at very low temperatures for astrochemistry, chemical reactions between uncharged species at temperatures down to 10 to 30 K were shown by the chair holder to play an important role in the synthesis of interstellar molecules in situ. (europa.eu)

Finally, Pluto is a dwarf planet located in the outer reaches of the Solar System and is known to have an atmosphere composed mostly of nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide. (skystreamenergy.com)

I've studied enough chemistry, physics, thermodynamics and weather to recognize that it's possible to burn hydrocarbons so cleanly that the only waste products are CO2 and H2O, but both of those are inevitably the result of oxidizing any kind of HxCx molecule. (atomicinsights.com)

The offset locations of the molecules relative to the poles surprised the researchers led by NASA/GSFC astrochemist M. Cordiner. (universetoday.com)
By isolating the same signal at various altitudes within the lower atmosphere, researchers identified the chemical with a high degree of confidence. (tgdaily.com)
On Titan, researchers discovered that this process formed 18 amino acids and nucleic bases. (scienceline.org)

These findings have inspired a number of proposals for future robotic missions to explore Titan and Enceladus more closely. (universetoday.com)

The appearance of this ice cloud goes against everything we know about the way clouds form on Titan,' said Carrie Anderson, a CIRS co-investigator at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and lead author of the study. (nasa.gov)
Propylene is the first molecule to be discovered on Titan using CIRS. (tgdaily.com)
CIRS can identify a particular gas glowing in the lower layers of the atmosphere from its unique thermal fingerprint. (tgdaily.com)

An artist's concept of the Huygens probe on the surface of Titan. (owlconnected.com)
But it was Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens who discovered Titan orbiting the sixth planet in 1655 using a telescope he built himself. (nautil.us)
On January 14th, Huygens parachuted through Titan's thick, cloudy atmosphere to a soft landing on a muddy, pebbly floodplain overlooked by icy headlands. (skyandtelescope.org)

The difference between Titan and Triton, is that Titan is presently in a region that is warm enough for the slow evaporation of Nitrogen. (windows2universe.org)

In terms of climate, meteorology and astrobiology, the conditions on Titan provide scientists with a great opportunity to study conditions similar to our own planet, while at the same time remaining a paradise for exploring new geological, atmospheric, and internal processes. (scitechdaily.com)

These rapid changes were unexpected, especially in the deeper layers of the atmosphere. (scitechdaily.com)

While sand dunes indicate that Titan must have had strong surface winds at some time in the recent past, we haven't found any evidence that such winds still blow. (newscientist.com)
Icy features in other parts of Titan are found only in local regions exposed by erosion or cratering, which suggests that if cryovolcanism remains an active process on Titan, it is not widespread. (centauri-dreams.org)
What we found was that they secrete a molecule called perlecan and perlecan stood out to us because very recently someone had looked at prostate cancer and this was linked to this spread of prostate cancer. (thenakedscientists.com)
They found zones of organic molecules offset from the Titan polar regions. (universetoday.com)

Life on Titan? (craffic.co.in)
Can there be Life in the Environment of Titan? (windows2universe.org)
The key issue faced by proponents of life on Titan is energy - what could sustain a metabolism on or near the frigid surface? (centauri-dreams.org)
particularly noteworthy is its list of search parameters for possible life on Titan. (centauri-dreams.org)
We quote directly from the Krasnopolsky team's abstract, entitled 'Detection of Methane in the Martian Atmosphere: Evidence for Life. (newmars.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms2

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment6

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science4

Health Care19

Geographicals1

Saturn's34

Titan's Atmosphere20

Earth's14

Saturn23

Moons4

Methane molecules3

Upper atmosphere8

Astronomers6

Large organic molecules2

Cassini6

Complex12

Brownish-orange atmosphere1

Carbon dioxide6

Types of molecules2

Hydrogen9

Small molecules1

Planets7

Oxygen3

Compounds1

Solar system's1

Moon's1

Denser1

Apart methane1

Nitrogen-rich atmosphere1

Thick atmosphere2

Venus1

Planetary6

Moon14

Tholin1

Haze2

Earth26

Spectrometer3

Environments2

Ammonia1

Particles4

C3H22

Formation1

20231

Lakes3

Acetylene2

Cyclopropenylidene1

Condensation1

Celestial2

Living organisms2

Synthesis1

Pluto1

Hydrocarbons1

Researchers3

Enceladus1

CIRS3

Huygens3

Triton1

Atmospheric1

Layers of the atmosphere1

Found4

Life5