Molecular species gangliosides. Medical search. Frequent questions

Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids with one or more sialic acids. (uiowa.edu)
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The effects of NEU inhibitors on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neutrophils from healthy donors or COVID-19 patients were determined by evaluating the shedding of surface sialic acids, cell activation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. (bvsalud.org)
Based on the ganglio GSL series, gangliosides are synthesized, where sialic acids are linked to the glycan structure to produce negatively charged GSLs. (springer.com)

Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids exist in mammalian cell membranes particularly neuronal membranes. (biomedcentral.com)

Mutations in the alpha or beta subunit genes lead to an accumulation of GM2 gangliosideM2in neurons and neurodegenerative disorders termed the GM2 gangliosidoses. (wikipedia.org)
Cell surface staining and confocal microscopy identified GM1 as the main complex ganglioside co-localizing with Neuroplastin in cultured hippocampal neurons. (irb.hr)
Therefore, we conclude that altered composition or disorganization of ganglioside-containing rafts results in changed regulation of calcium signals in neurons. (irb.hr)
The antigen designated as Chol-1 beta, detected by an antiserum specific for cholinergic neurons, has been purified to homogeneity from ganglioside mixtures extracted from Torpedo electric organ and pig brain. (mpg.de)

Here we review the most recent advancements on C. concisus and other human hosted Campylobacter species including their clinical relevance, transmission, virulence factors, disease associated genes, interactions with the human immune system and pathogenic mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
The interactions of gangliosides with these autophagic signalling pathways usually are not understood. (vegfinhibitors.com)
Ceramide generated in late endosomal compartments is recognized as a potent regulator of cell signaling, but its molecular interactions with late endosomal transmembrane proteins have not been studied in depth. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Thus, E. chaffeensis is an excellent model organism to study host-pathogen interactions and to understand the molecular pathobiology of obligately intracellular microbes. (frontiersin.org)

International journal of molecular sciences , 22 (24). (irb.hr)
Hakobyan S., Loeffler-Wirth H., Arakelyan A., Binder H., Kunz M., A Transcriptome-Wide Isoform Landscape of Melanocytic Nevi and Primary Melanomas Identifies Gene Isoforms Associated with Malignancy, "International Journal of Molecular Sciences", v.22, N13:7165, 2021. (imb.am)

Membrane redistribution of gangliosides and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in brain tissue sections under conditions of lipid raft isolation. (uiowa.edu)
Although fatty acids are ionized at neutral pH in water (pK a ~5), their pK a is typically ~7 in membranes, and thus a significant fraction of membrane-bound fatty acids are neutral species. (thermofisher.com)
Our benefits suggest that gangliosides within the extracellular milieu of the CNS could lead to a pathological degeneration of astrocytes by way of molecular mechanisms that involve ROS and lipid rafts while in the plasma membrane. (vegfinhibitors.com)
Depending on the length of their fatty acid chains and their degree of saturation, SL species have a strong impact on biophysical membrane parameters such as fluidity or rigidity and curvature, and on interaction with membrane proteins and/or cytoskeletal components, and membrane compartmentalization. (encyclopedia.pub)

The sphingolipids described in Sphingolipids, Steroids, Lipopolysaccharides and Related Probes-Section 13.3 include ceramides, sphingomyelins, glycosylceramides (cerebrosides) and gangliosides. (thermofisher.com)
An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. (lookformedical.com)

the Campylobacter species that cause human acute intestinal disease such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli originate from animals. (frontiersin.org)
Some of these animal hosted Campylobacter species, such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli , can cause acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans through consumption of contaminated food or water ( Galanis, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
They survive as commensal bacteria in their hosts, and some species, such as C. jejuni and C. coli , can cause human diseases. (frontiersin.org)
GBS) because of cross-reaction between C. jejuni antibodies and human gangliosides. (msdmanuals.com)

Immunoglobulin G-class mouse monoclonal antibodies to major brain gangliosides. (uiowa.edu)

Substrates of different β-galactosidases include ganglioside GM1, lactosylceramides, lactose , and various glycoproteins . (wikidoc.org)

Effects of detergents on the redistribution of gangliosides and GPI-anchored proteins in brain tissue sections. (uiowa.edu)
Despite its small genome and limited number of effector proteins, Ehrlichia efficiently establishes an intracellular infection and avoids immune defenses in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts through complex molecular and cellular reprogramming strategies. (frontiersin.org)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine and the Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Professor Gaurab Gangopadhyay and his group from the Division of Plant Biology have developed inter-specific hybrid sesame, an oilseed crop, through molecular marker-assisted breeding. (jcbose.ac.in)
Molecular and Cellular Biology, 34 (16). (lincoln.ac.uk)
Lack of suitable reagents for detection and fixation or protocols for quantification of SL species have long hampered detailed studies in SL biology at a cellular level, while on an organismic level, ubiquitous genetic ablation of SL modifying enzymes in mice, in some cases reliably reproducing disease processes in humans, precluded detailed analysis on the pathophysiological role of individual compartments. (encyclopedia.pub)

Here, we tested the hypothesis that PMCA-Neuroplastin complexes exist in specific ganglioside-containing rafts, which could affect calcium homeostasis. (irb.hr)
Finally, lipid rafts have been involved with the signalling foremost to ganglioside induced astrocyte death. (vegfinhibitors.com)

Genetic defects in HEXB can result in the accumulation of GM2 gangliosideM2in neural tissues and two of three lysosomal storage diseases collectively known as GM2 gangliosidosis, of which Sandhoff disease (defects in the β subunit) is the best studied one. (wikipedia.org)

Over the past decade, studies on human hosted Campylobacter species strongly suggest that Campylobacter concisus plays a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). (frontiersin.org)
In addition to C. concisus , humans are also colonized by a number of other Campylobacter species, most of which are in the oral cavity. (frontiersin.org)
Several Campylobacter species utilize humans as their natural host and accumulated evidence supports their role in chronic inflammatory diseases of the human intestinal tract. (frontiersin.org)
Most of the studies on the human hosted Campylobacter species in the past decade were on Campylobacter concisus , this bacterium is therefore the focus of this review. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, other human hosted Campylobacter species were also reviewed. (frontiersin.org)
To date, 40 Campylobacter species and subspecies have been isolated from a wide variety of animal or human sources (Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Campylobacter species are motile, curved, microaerophilic, gram-negative bacilli that normally inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of many domestic animals and fowl. (msdmanuals.com)
C. fetus and several other Campylobacter species (eg, C. coli and C. lari ) typically cause bacteremia and systemic manifestations in adults, more often when underlying predisposing diseases, such as diabetes, cirrhosis, cancer, or HIV/AIDS, are present. (msdmanuals.com)
Hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria are predisposing factors because Campylobacter species are sensitive to gastric acid. (msdmanuals.com)

With the huge influenza A virus reservoir in wild birds, it is a cause for concern when a new influenza strain emerges with the ability to cross host species barrier, as shown in light of the recent H7N9 outbreak in China. (springer.com)
Most influenza A viruses are restricted to their host species, having limited capability to cross species barrier and infect a new host. (springer.com)

Under oxidative tension, reactive oxygen species like totally free radicals and H2O2 are generated at high levels, inducing cellular harm and death. (vegfinhibitors.com)

Even more examination with the signalling pathways indicated that this ganglioside induced autophagic cell death of astrocytes was subject to either damaging or beneficial regulation with the Akt mTOR pathway or the ERK1 2 pathway respectively. (vegfinhibitors.com)

These findings support the possibility that under pathological conditions, gangliosides serve as cytotoxic factors in the central nervous system (CNS). (biomedcentral.com)

In Krabbe's disease patient cells, GalCer is the primary lipid species accumulated, its de-N-acylated psychosine is also accumulated and psychosine was suggested as a cause of toxicity. (sphingolipidclub.com)
Interaction free energies ranged from ca. -40 to -4 kJ/mol for different lipid species. (ox.ac.uk)
Mutation of amino acid residues essential for EGFR function reduce the binding free energy of these key lipid species. (ox.ac.uk)

Hexosaminidase B is the beta subunit of the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase that, together with the cofactor GM2 activator protein, catalyzes the degradation of the ganglioside GM2, and other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines. (wikipedia.org)

A few species of swiflets (genus Aerodramus) build edible nests that are consumed by humans worldwide, as a delicacy known as the "Caviar of the East" or as a medicinal food. (researchgate.net)
The genus of scutellaria includes approximately 300 species. (webmedcentral.com)

Yet when some avian strains do acquire the ability to overcome species barrier, they might become adapted to humans, replicating efficiently and causing diseases, leading to potential pandemic. (springer.com)
A large number of influenza A viruses naturally reside in avian species where they constantly circulate and evolve. (springer.com)

With these molecules in hand, it became possible to investigate the phase behaviour of liquid ordered/liquid disordered supported membranes doped with the Gb 3 species by means of fluorescence and atomic force microscopy. (springer.com)

Inability of HEXB will lead toβ-hexosaminidase defect and result in a group of recessive disorders called GM2 gangliosidoses, characterized by the accumulation of GM2 gangliosideM2 (wikipedia.org)
A complex metabolic network consisting of enzymes catalyzing their synthesis, modification (phosphorylation, glycosylation) and breakdown regulates accumulation of sphingolipid species and thereby the sphingolipid pool at rheostat conditions, and this can undergo substantial changes in response to metabolic and external challenges. (encyclopedia.pub)

One crucial determinant of host tropism is hemagglutinin (HA) receptor specificity, in particular, preference of specific species of sialic acid on host cells. (springer.com)
High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. (lookformedical.com)

In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie Ehrlichia host cellular reprogramming strategies that enable intracellular survival. (frontiersin.org)

Intracerebroventricular administration of the modified β-hexosaminidase B to Sandhoff mode mice restored the β-hexosaminidase activity in the brains, and reduced the GM2 gangliosideM2storage in the parenchyma. (wikipedia.org)
The content and composition of all ganglioside species were unchanged in Neuroplastin-deficient mouse brains. (irb.hr)

Sphingolipids play critical roles in processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, signal transduction and molecular recognition at cell surfaces. (thermofisher.com)
The molecular study of fat cell development in the human body is essential for our understanding of obesity and related diseases. (mdpi.com)
During the present research, we demonstrated that treatment method with gangliosides induced ROS mediated autophagic cell death in astrocytes. (vegfinhibitors.com)
Sulfoglucuronosyl paragloboside (SGPG) was the prominent species with lesser amounts of sulfoglucuronosyl lactosaminyl paragloboside (SGLPG) in these tumor cell lines as assessed by quantitative HPTLC immunostaining. (karger.com)
Among the gangliosides surveyed, GD3 and 9-O-acetylated GD3 (OAc-GD3) were expressed in all tumor cell lines. (karger.com)
Members of the institute have published in a wide range of peer-reviewed journals, including Nature, Molecular Cell, Angewandte Chemie, JACS, Science Advances, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Nucleic Acids Research, Chemical Science and many others. (le.ac.uk)

Thus, this technique has the capability to both acquire sensitive and quantitative measurements and to unravel the molecular intricacies of SL species. (encyclopedia.pub)

GM1-1 recognizes all vertebrate species. (uiowa.edu)

The identification of causal or predictive variants/genes/mechanisms for disease-associated traits is characterized by 'complex' networks of molecular phenotypes. (researchgate.net)

Several species are human pathogens. (msdmanuals.com)

Further understanding and determining host tropism would be important in identifying zoonotic influenza virus strains capable of crossing species barrier and infecting humans. (springer.com)

However, a variety of lectins occur in animal species where they serve diverse array of functions through specific carbohydrate recognition. (lookformedical.com)

The trisialoganglioside (GT1b) is one of the major brain gangliosides and acts as an endogenous regulator in the brain. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacterial species are usually not harmful to their hosts, although there are exceptions. (frontiersin.org)

Localization of major gangliosides in the PNS: implications for immune neuropathies. (uiowa.edu)

Differential distribution of major brain gangliosides in the adult mouse central nervous system. (uiowa.edu)

In this context, major effort has been put in developing synthetic strategies towards gangliosides and the interested reader is referred to an excellent review of Hunter et al. (springer.com)

The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions. (rndsystems.com)

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