Molecular regulators regulation of cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

To ensure the proper replication of cellular components and division, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints after each of the key steps of the cycle that determine if the cell can progress to the next phase. (wikipedia.org)
In this Review, we discuss the multiple molecular mechanisms of p53 regulation and how they modulate the induction of apoptosis or cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. (nih.gov)
To investigate in vivo molecular mechanisms of silibinin efficacy, tumors and uninvolved skin from tumor-bearing mice were examined immunohistochemically for proliferation, p53, apoptosis, and activated caspase-3. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, these results also identify in vivo molecular mechanisms of silibinin efficacy against photocarcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
The notion could be that unique cellular mechanisms are triggered in the breast cancer cells to stimulate BRCA2 gene expression as a temporary measure to regulate the growth of the breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
While BRCA2 expression is involved in cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair, the mechanisms of cell cycle-dependent regulation of BRCA2 gene expression remains elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
Current research is focused on the mechanisms that regulate SMAD activity to evoke cell-type-specific and context-dependent transcriptional programmes. (nature.com)
This objective integrates into a bigger project that also aims to identify molecular mechanisms by which caveolin regulates anchorage-dependent signalling pathways and cell cycle progression and to identify oncogenes that induce constitutive surface localization of rafts (and hence Rac), and/or changes in phosphocaveolin localization. (europa.eu)
Among the signalling pathways discovered included the DNA repair and Androgen and ATM signalling pathways for TNBC and the DNA damage response, molecular mechanisms of cancer, and ATM and GP6 signalling pathways for non-TNBC. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, we assessed the possible effects of frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils on cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion as well as the possible mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)
Transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are the focus of our group, especially understanding how extracellular stimuli control cell growth and division, cell morphology, and gene expression at the biochemical level. (berkeley.edu)
We investigated control mechanisms that regulate the activity, localization, and stability of Wee1, especially the bud neck-localized protein kinase Hsl1 and its more distant paralogs (Gin4 and Kcc4), in particular their recruitment to septin filaments, which assemble at the presumptive site of cell division. (berkeley.edu)
The mechanisms by which cells control their growth and size are poorly understood and represent a fundamental unsolved problem in cell biology. (ucsc.edu)
Doug Kellogg's lab is working to elucidate these mechanisms, using biochemistry, genetics, and mathematical modeling to understand signaling networks that are required for control of cell size and cell growth. (ucsc.edu)
Subsequent studies revealed that GnRH and its receptor also play extra-pituitary roles in numerous normal and malignant cells or tissues, the mechanisms of which are still being actively explored [ 4-6 ]. (annexpublishers.co)
The timing of events in the cell cycle is controlled by mechanisms that are both internal and external to the cell. (openstax.org)
If the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the DNA, the cell cycle is halted, and the cell attempts to either complete DNA replication or repair the damaged DNA. (openstax.org)
Although many altered pathways and aberrantly expressed genes involved in hepatocarcinogenesis were identified, the precise molecular mechanisms for HCC are not entirely clear [ 2 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This study showed that YAP upregulation promoted CNV formation by upregulating the proliferation of endothelial cells, providing evidence for the molecular mechanisms of CNV and suggesting a novel molecular target for nAMD treatment. (molvis.org)
The Miller laboratory is interested in the mechanisms by which viral pathogens manipulate host cell signal transduction pathways. (uc.edu)
From its early beginnings in the 1960s, the academic field of biochemistry of exercise has expanded beyond examining and describing metabolic responses to exercise and adaptations to training to include a wide understanding of molecular biology, cell signalling, interorgan communication, stem cell physiology, and a host of other cellular and biochemical mechanisms regulating acute responses and chronic adaptations related to exercise performance, human health/disease, nutrition, and cellular functioning. (routledge.com)
Our researchers are using the above approaches to gain groundbreaking insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying a wide range of fundamental cellular processes such as chromosome segregation and cell division, signal transduction, protein quality control and degradation, viral infection, RNA processing, post-transcriptional regulation, ciliogenesis, and muscle contraction. (viennabiocenter.org)
Despite growing experience and knowledge concerning human MSC and their use in cell-based strategies, the molecular mechanisms that govern MSC self-renewal, expansion and multilineage differentiation are not well understood and remain an active area of investigation. (biomedcentral.com)
The findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of bone mass regulation and can help develop efficient therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis treatment. (lu.se)
These regulations do not the exposure with the potential health effects or address explicitly the question regarding return mechanisms. (who.int)
Elevated excitability and its ac- and the molecular mechanisms of memory. (lu.se)

Together, these results show a strong preventive efficacy of silibinin against photocarcinogenesis, which involves the inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle progression and an induction of apoptosis. (nih.gov)
Progression of a cell through the division cycle is tightly controlled at different steps to ensure the integrity of genome replication and partitioning to daughter cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
This specific project aims to identify sequences within caveolin involved in regulation of raft internalisation, cell cycle progression and anchorage-dependent cell growth. (europa.eu)
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a number of physiological and pathological processes, including gene transcription and translation, chromatin modification, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and oncogenic and tumor-suppressive signals in cancer 6 . (researchsquare.com)
However, to the best of our knowledge whether frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have any effect on the progression of BC in MCF-7 cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Further data demonstrated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils induced apoptosis, but did not affect cell cycle progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
In conclusion, the present study indicated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils were involved in the progression of BC cells possibly through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, whether frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have any effect on progression of BC in MCF-7 cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Regulation of the cell cycle is performed by a phosphorylation cascade involving cyclin/CDK complexes and three restriction checkpoints G1/S G2/M and metaphase which sense flaws in critical stages and subsequently stall cycle progression [5] [6]. (techblessing.com)
A checkpoint is one of several points in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which the progression of a cell to the next stage in the cycle can be halted until conditions are favorable. (openstax.org)
We combine bacterial genetics, biochemistry, and high-resolution imaging in order to examine the progression of the cell cycle at the molecular and cellular level. (illinois.edu)
Our work is exposing the complex and multidirectional communicative systems involved in coordinating the progression of the cell cycle. (illinois.edu)
We are interested in figuring out how bacteria integrate information from the environment into the molecular networks that drive the forward progression of the cell cycle. (illinois.edu)
This is interesting because the molecular factors responsible for regulating cell size in bacteria and the mechanism that coordinate cell size regulation with the progression of the cell cycle remain unclear. (illinois.edu)
Our long-term goal is to build a model that incorporates the full repertoire of factors involved in orchestrating the progression of the cell cycle in bacteria. (illinois.edu)
It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. (ayassbioscience.com)
Mechanistically, over-expression of PTTG3P up-regulated PTTG1, activated PI3K/AKT signaling and its downstream signals including cell cycle progression, cell apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, GADD153 depletion significantly abrogates BRCA1 influence on cell cycle progression and cell death in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
CRKs (cdc2-related kinases), Cyclins and CKSs (cdc2-kinase subunit) are involved in the progression through the cell cycle. (lancs.ac.uk)

it is often a biochemical alternative to the self-destruction of such a damaged cell by apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Activated p53 transcriptionally regulates hundreds of genes that are involved in multiple biological processes, including in DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence. (nih.gov)
Consistent with the in vitro activities, frankincense essential oil was effective in inhibiting tumor growth and inducing tumor cell apoptosis in a human BC mouse model. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, it was also reported that extracts from pine needle inhibited apoptosis of the normal cells induced by a hydroxyl radical ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, we elucidated the regulatory AMPK/mTOR pathway involving essential oils in BC cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis development. (spandidos-publications.com)
Similar to decapeptide GnRH analogs, both Mabs were shown to induce apoptosis to cultured cancer cells of various tissue origins, including those from the ovary, breast, prostate, and lung. (annexpublishers.co)
By using semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), both GHR106 Mabs and the GnRH decapeptide antagonist, Antide, were shown to be bioequivalent in terms of their respective effects on genes involved in the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells. (annexpublishers.co)
Functional pathway enrichment analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) revealed that the most enriched signaling pathways in aged mice lungs are involved in the regulation of cell apoptosis, senescence, development, oxidative stress, and inflammation. (aging-us.com)
Using the miRNet database we identified TNFα, mTOR, TGFβ, WNT, FoxO, Apoptosis, Cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathways as the potential targets of several of the dysregulated miRNAs supporting that old lungs have increased susceptibility for apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. (aging-us.com)
BRCA1 expression mediates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and decreased viability in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
miRNA-149 was underexpressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells, while overexpression of miRNA-149 promoted cell apoptosis, retarded cell cycle, and inhibited proliferation and migration in AGS and MKN28 cells. (hindawi.com)

For patients with KIRC versus KIRP, the KEGG pathways were involved in cAMP and calcium signaling pathways versus microRNAs (MiRNAs) in cancer cells and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
We performed network and pathway analyses to discover molecular networks and signalling pathways enriched for germline and somatic mutations. (hindawi.com)
To further identify the potential signaling pathways after the knockdown of LINC00958 in Ishikawa cells, we performed the KEGG and GO analyses (Figure 2). (researchsquare.com)
The pleiotropic harmful effects of EDCs act through hormone-dependent downstream signaling pathways responsible for gonad development either through direct interaction with steroid hormone receptor or via epigenetic regulation. (intechopen.com)
We illustrated for the first time in a human model the three main stages of osteogenic development, and we could show the diverse regulation of the SMAD pathways by TGF-β2 and BMPs. (biomedcentral.com)
Contributors discuss the various components of the epidermis, dermis, hair follicles, glands, and nerve endings that make up the skin, the molecular pathways and processes that underlie their development and function, and what happens when these processes go awry. (cshlpress.com)

The mechanism, which is based on the synthesis and degradation of three ''master regulator'' proteins (CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA), is converted into a quantitative model, in order to study the temporal dynamics of these and other cell cycle proteins. (ebi.ac.uk)
Since many of the proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle of C. crescentus are conserved among many genera of a-proteobacteria, the proposed mechanism may be applicable to other species of importance in agriculture and medicine. (ebi.ac.uk)
The canonical TGFβ signalling pathway involves ligand-dependent assembly of a heteromeric receptor complex, receptor-kinase activation and subsequent phosphorylation and activation of SMAD proteins, which are transcriptional regulators that consequently accumulate in the nucleus. (nature.com)
Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
Many strikingly miR-17 -20 and -106b had been found to market cell proliferation by raising the intracellular activity of E2F transcription elements even though miR-17 -20 and -106b straight focus on the transcripts that encode because of this proteins family members. (techblessing.com)
Additionally utilizing a cocktail of development and differentiation elements (XXL-medium) differentiation of USSC into cells of neuronal lineage (XXL-USSC) expressing neurofilament and Vandetanib trifluoroacetate sodium route proteins was acquired [3]. (techblessing.com)
Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
Although BRCA1 interaction with key proteins involved in DNA repair is well known, its role as a co-regulator in the transcriptional response to DNA damage remains poorly understood. (conicet.gov.ar)
The CKS proteins were first described as components of the cell cycle machinery in yeast and their action has been implicated in the regulation of CDK function. (lancs.ac.uk)
The functional complementation between the CKS proteins of two evolutionary distant organisms supports the role of Tcp12CKS1 as a key regulator in T. cruzi cell cycle. (lancs.ac.uk)

These multiple layers of regulation enable p53 to execute cellular responses that are appropriate for specific cellular states and environmental conditions. (nih.gov)
All cells - including those in our body - possess some degree of asymmetry or 'polarity', which is key to their healthy function and if disrupted can lead to serious cellular malfunctions like those found in cancer. (imperial.ac.uk)
They have important roles in the regulation of cellular functions both in the adult organism and during embryogenesis. (nature.com)
Such approaches might thus help to unravel the nature and dynamics of epigenomes during cellular differentiation at the molecular level. (biomedcentral.com)
1 Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, The Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. (jci.org)
Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)
Depending on the cellular status, stress signal, and duration, the process leads to either cell death or cell survival. (baxkyardgardener.com)

Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild type plants and STTM159 transgenic plants showed that genes involved in cell division, auxin, cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis and signaling are significantly down-regulated in STTM159 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Further analysis from the RNA-seq data showed that the decreased cell divisions in STTM159 transgenic plants may result, at least partly from the lower expression of the genes involved in cell cycle and hormone homeostasis, which provides new insights of rice miR159-specific functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we show that more than a third of the grapevine homologues of widely conserved hypoxia-responsive genes, and nearly a fifth of all grapevine genes possessing a plant hypoxia-responsive promoter element were differentially regulated during bud burst, in apparent harmony with resumption of meristem identity and cell-cycle gene regulation. (whiterose.ac.uk)
We then investigated the molecular and biochemical properties of the grapevine ERF-VII homologues, which in other species are oxygen labile and function in transcriptional regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Conclusions/Significance Mir-17 -20 and -106b downregulate a common group of pro- and anti-proliferative focus on genes to effect cell routine development of USSC and boost intracellular activity of E2F transcription elements to govern G1/S changeover. (techblessing.com)
These findings reveal differential expression profiles of genes and miRNAs affecting cell survival and the inflammatory response during lung aging. (aging-us.com)
A focused survey of BRCA1 regulated genes in prostate carcinoma reveals that multiple regulators of genome stability and cell cycle control, including: BLM, FEN1, DDB2, H3F3B, BRCA2, CCNB2, MAD2L1 and GADD153, are direct transcriptional targets of BRCA1. (conicet.gov.ar)
These genes overlapped to a large extent with published gene sets associated with key aspects of HSC function, demonstrating the potential of this data set as a resource for identification of novel HSC regulators. (lu.se)

This gene thus plays a role in both cell-cycle and epigenetic regulation. (cancerindex.org)
Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)

Integrins are key regulators of gene expression, cell proliferation and migration. (europa.eu)
It possesses a unique forkhead domain combined with a fragment of the target gene to initiate transcription [ 10 ] and regulates various biological processes such as tumor cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and migration [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

Intro Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) from human being cord bloodstream constitute a uncommon CD45-adverse population with the capacity of inducible homogenous differentiation into all three germinal levels [1] [2]. (techblessing.com)
This protein also forms a core subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NURD) complex that epigenetically regulates embryonic stem cell differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
We monitored these cells during their expansion ex vivo with respect to proliferation kinetics, surface marker profile and differentiation potential. (biomedcentral.com)
Osteocytes have recently been identified as a new regulator of bone remodeling, but the detailed mechanism of their differentiation from osteoblasts remains unclear. (lu.se)
The purpose of this study is to identify cell cycle regulators involved in the differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes and determine their physiological significance. (lu.se)
The study uses IDG-SW3 cells as a model for the differentiation from osteoblasts to osteocytes. (lu.se)
Among the major cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), Cdk1 is most abundantly expressed in IDG-SW3 cells, and its expression is down-regulated during differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)
Inhibition of CDK1 activity reduces IDG-SW3 cell proliferation and differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)

and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, cell cycle, and actin cytoskeleton regulation. (bvsalud.org)
[ 7 ] Similarly, in 2001, Priolo and Laganà reclassified the ectodermal dysplasias into 2 main functional groups: (1) defects in developmental regulation/epithelial-mesenchymal interaction and (2) defects in cytoskeleton maintenance and cell stability. (medscape.com)

We have reconstructed with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution the molecular networks that regulate cell polarity using an interdisciplinary strategy - combining genetics, microscopy and computational approaches - and focusing on the polarity machinery of the archetypal model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast). (imperial.ac.uk)
My expertise utilise bacterial genetics to study fundamental aspects of the bacterial life cycle and host-microbe interactions. (ncl.ac.uk)
The model accounts for important details of the physiology, biochemistry, and genetics of cell cycle control in stalked C. crescentus cell. (ebi.ac.uk)

microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators in plant growth and development. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-24 nucleotides (nt) long and widely exist as gene regulators. (biomedcentral.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides, which are key regulators of gene expression [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Recently, the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in tumors has been a popular research topic in tumor-related fields. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, investigating the expression and regulation of miRNAs may elucidate the mechanism of gastric cancer. (hindawi.com)

Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of the cell division. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 147 (2). (lancs.ac.uk)

For decades, germline mutations, contained within the heritable genome, and somatic mutations, acquired de novo by breast cancer cells, have been considered as separate research endeavours, and each has unique clinical applications and implications for patient care. (hindawi.com)
The DNA replication (or origin) licensing system ensures precise duplication of the genome in each cell cycle and is a powerful regulator of cell proliferation in metazoa. (dundee.ac.uk)
prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome organization, regulation of gene expression, gene mutation and repair, chromosomal aberrations (numerical and structural), transposons. (successcds.net)
BRCA1 plays numerous roles in the regulation of genome integrity and chemoresistance. (conicet.gov.ar)

Specifically, we discuss how the interaction of p53 with DNA and chromatin affects gene expression, and how p53 post-translational modifications, its temporal expression dynamics and its interactions with chromatin regulators and transcription factors influence cell fate. (nih.gov)
In addition, novel regulators, including GASA-, TCP-, MYB3R-, PLT- and WUS-like transcription factors, were identified as hallmarks of the orderly and functional resumption of growth following quiescence in buds. (whiterose.ac.uk)
FOXC1 is a member of the FOX superfamily of transcription factors and is located in the cell nucleus. (hindawi.com)

We also studied the roles of other classes of protein kinases (Cla4) and additional post-translational modifications (SUMOylation) in septin complex assembly, formation of different septin-based supramolecular ensembles, disassembly of septin-containing structures, and the function of septin organization in the events required for cell division and membrane septation during cytokinesis. (berkeley.edu)

Standard techniques like cell synchronization by serum starvation, flow cytometry, N-terminal or C-terminal FLAG epitope-tagged protein expression, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, dual luciferase assay for promoter evaluation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were employed during this study. (biomedcentral.com)
Integration of the massive amounts of epigenomic data, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, thus represents a major hurdle for understanding how chromatin organization governs cell identity epigenetically. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, our scientists have used the technique to study different functional states of the 1.5-MDa anaphase-promoting complex, which is a key regulator of the cell cycle. (viennabiocenter.org)

In striking contrast, we show that proliferation control during male gametogenesis is not linked to Cdc6 or Mcm2, but appears to be coordinated by the negative regulator Geminin with Cdt1 becoming rate-limiting in late prophase. (dundee.ac.uk)
Another important upstream factor is AKT/PKB, which acts a negative regulator of the TSC1/2 complex. (baxkyardgardener.com)

Figure 10.10 The cell cycle is controlled at three checkpoints. (openstax.org)

S6 is activated downstream of mTOR, and additional inhibition of mTOR or S6K1 reduced S6 phosphorylation and resensitized PI3KCA E545K cells to MEKi plus CDK4i. (aacrjournals.org)
Notes: mTOR is one of the most important regulators of autophagy. (baxkyardgardener.com)
Moreover, we observed molecular changes in cell cycle, MYC and mTOR signaling in both HSCs, and progenitor subsets. (lu.se)

MicroRNAs have received emerging attention over the last years as negative regulators of translation. (techblessing.com)
MicroRNAs also appear as important regulators of cell cycle events [27] [28]. (techblessing.com)

Both the initiation and inhibition of cell division are triggered by events external to the cell when it is about to begin the replication process. (openstax.org)

Western blot analysis of normal skin and tumor lysates showed that silibinin decreases the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and associated cyclins A, E, and D1, together with an up-regulation of Cip1/p21, Kip1/p27, and p53. (nih.gov)
Xenograft studies using human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells demonstrate that BRCA1 depletion results in increased tumor growth. (conicet.gov.ar)
In light of the advancements in tumor biology and molecular technology, further research into the molecular mechanism involved in gastric cancer and identification of biomarkers with high specificity and good targeting [ 3 ] is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. (hindawi.com)

I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
By combining biochemistry research, biophysics research, and state-of-the-art structural methods, scientists are resolving macromolecular complexes at atomic resolution, reconstituting multi-component complexes in vitro, studying protein-ligand interactions, and observing molecular machines in action. (viennabiocenter.org)

Since the cancers of the same stage and histology have very distinct molecular and genomic profiles, the therapy is quite limited. (researchsquare.com)
In addition to adequate reserves and cell size, there is a check for genomic DNA damage at the G 1 checkpoint. (openstax.org)
Recent high-impact research has shown the genomic/genetic differences between cancer and normal cells using methods such as next-generation sequencing [ 1 , 2 ]. (intechopen.com)

Many cells do not enter G0 and continue to divide throughout an organism's life, e.g., epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the frequency of cell turnover ranges from a few hours in early embryonic development, to an average of two to five days for epithelial cells, and to an entire human lifetime spent in G 0 by specialized cells, such as cortical neurons or cardiac muscle cells. (openstax.org)
Rescue of Pentamer-Null Strains of Human Cytomegalovirus in Epithelial Cells by Use of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Reveals an Additional Postentry Function for the Pentamer Complex. (uc.edu)
Isolation of Salivary Epithelial Cells from Human Salivary Glands for In Vitro Growth as Salispheres or Monolayers. (uc.edu)

From published experimental evidence, we propose a molecular mechanism for control of the cell division cycle in Caulobacter crescentus. (ebi.ac.uk)
These results may provide a molecular explanation for the role of caveolin-1 as tumour suppressor and provide insight into the mechanism of anchorage-independent growth, one of the hallmarks of cancer. (europa.eu)
The complex mechanism of cell division in trypanosomatids is not completely fully understood. (lancs.ac.uk)

Achieving that goal requires understanding the germline somatic mutation interaction landscape and discovery of molecular markers driving each disease and distinguishing the two types of breast cancer. (hindawi.com)
We have investigated regulation of the origin licensing factors Cdc6, Cdt1, Mcm2 and Geminin in human somatic and germ cells. (dundee.ac.uk)
organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, somaclonal variation, secondary metabolism in plant cell culture, embryo culture, in vitro fertilization. (successcds.net)

These studies will contribute to a better understanding of adhesion-dependent signalling and anchorage-dependence of cell growth, and therefore to the pathogenesis of the malignant disease. (europa.eu)
In 2003, Lamartine reclassified the ectodermal dysplasias into the following 4 functional groups based on the underlying pathophysiologic defect: (1) cell-to-cell communication and signaling, (2) adhesion, (3) development, and (4) other. (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] Other classification systems categorize the ectodermal dysplasias based on defects in cell-cell communication and signaling, adhesion, transcription regulation, or development. (medscape.com)

Cancer research at UC Santa Cruz includes faculty in a wide range of departments, including Applied Math and Statistics, Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Electrical Engineering, Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, and Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology. (ucsc.edu)

The KEGG and GO analyses indicated 'Human T − cell leukemia virus 1 infection' and 'Hippo signaling pathway' were the main affected biological processes. (researchsquare.com)
Their main role is in cell-signaling, and, because they are hydrophobic, their main actions are limited to paracrine (cell-to-cell) or autocrine (same cell), rather than systemic, effects. (medscape.com)

M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides forming two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
Interphase is a series of changes that takes place in a newly formed cell and its nucleus before it becomes capable of division again. (wikipedia.org)
In the G0/G1 growth phase ZAR2 is predominantly located inside the nucleus of the breast cells, binds to the BRCA2 promoter and inhibits the expression of BRCA2. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, in order to improve the prognosis of patients with HCC, an urgent need for novel molecular markers that can help in early diagnosis, risk assessment and therapy appears to be imperative. (biomedcentral.com)

PI3KCA E545K expression conferred resistance to MEKi plus CDK4i in NRAS-mutant melanoma cell lines and increased phosphorylation of S6 and its upstream kinase S6K1. (aacrjournals.org)
This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)

Our data suggests that in rice, miR159 positively regulates organ size, including stem, leaf, and grain size due to the promotion of cell division. (biomedcentral.com)

Collectively, these findings indicate that thorough analyses are needed to uncover rare preexisting resistant cells and that unbiased molecular analyses can identify therapies to counter resistance. (aacrjournals.org)

Our research focuses on the fundamental understanding of how bacteria regulate flagellar assembly, how a cell coordinates the assembly of unrelated molecular machines and how hosts recognise this important antigen. (ncl.ac.uk)

We determined the detailed network topology and the functional hierarchy among polarity regulators in this species and incorporated these results into a mathematical model that captures the polarity pattern changes throughout the cell cycle of fission yeast cells. (imperial.ac.uk)
Taken together, our study provides a detailed functional and molecular characterization of HSCs at different phases of regeneration and identifies a gene set associated with the transition from proliferation to quiescence. (lu.se)

A Data-Driven, Mathematical Model of Mammalian Cell Cycle Regulation. (ebi.ac.uk)
When fast-dividing mammalian cells are grown in culture (outside the body under optimal growing conditions), the length of the cycle is about 24 hours. (openstax.org)
The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays a crucial and integrative role in the mammalian endocrine regulation to maintain homeostasis. (intechopen.com)

This maintenance is accomplished through major cell cycle events such as chromosome replication, segregation, and proper timing of cytokinesis. (illinois.edu)
We have shown that a key regulator of chromosome replication can promote segregation independently of chromosome replication. (illinois.edu)
A key regulator of chromosome segregation can also promote the onset of replication independently of chromosome segregation. (illinois.edu)
We have found that cell size regulation and timing of chromosome replication are interconnected, a connection that is influenced by nutrient availability. (illinois.edu)

These events include the duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and some of its organelles, and subsequently the partitioning of its cytoplasm, chromosomes and other components into two daughter cells in a process called cell division. (wikipedia.org)
The B period extends from the end of cell division to the beginning of DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
Development of a Primary Human Cell Model for the Study of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication and Spread within Salivary Epithelium. (uc.edu)

To understand the molecular biology of peptide hormone action, we studied response of budding yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) to its peptide mating pheromones ( a -factor and α-factor). (berkeley.edu)
The G 1 checkpoint, also called the restriction point (in yeast), is a point at which the cell irreversibly commits to the cell division process. (openstax.org)
Studies in yeast, Drosophila melanogaster and Xenopus laevis have characterised the molecular machinery that constitutes the licensing system, but it remains to be determined how this important evolutionary conserved pathway is regulated in Homo sapiens. (dundee.ac.uk)

The duration of G1 is highly variable, even among different cells of the same species. (wikipedia.org)
A complex regulatory network controls the assembly of the flagellum and the number per cell, which varies between different species. (ncl.ac.uk)
We have studied how bacterial species such as the pathogen Salmonella enterica maintain a discrete number of flagellar per cell during cell growth and division. (ncl.ac.uk)
Reporting of identified species in complexes or series should where possible comprise both the name of the overarching species and that of the molecular sibling, often cryptic species. (cdc.gov)
A Syntenic Cross Species Aneuploidy Genetic Screen Links RCAN1 Expression to β-Cell Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. (lu.se)

Camilla Forsberg studies how the different types of blood cells develop from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. (ucsc.edu)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) enable hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) through their ability to replenish the entire blood system. (lu.se)

In the present study, we analyzed these data to identify different biological processes likely affected in physiological lung aging that would help to better understand the molecular changes associated with this process [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)

Thus, it is important to define and develop new therapeutic agents, which may bind to BC cells specifically and effectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
The Wee1 class of protein-tyrosine kinase has an important role in cell cycle control. (berkeley.edu)
Angela Brooks is developing computational and experimental approaches to determine which mutations in cancer cells are functionally important. (ucsc.edu)
The proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) is one important step in the formation of new vessels. (molvis.org)
With more emphasis than ever on the need to be physically active and the role that being active plays in our overall health from a whole-body level down to the cell, this book makes an important contribution for scholars, medical practitioners, nutritionists, and coaches/trainers working in research and with a wide range of clients. (routledge.com)
The important functions of skin stem cell populations in tissue development, homeostasis, and repair are described, as are the roles of resident and recruited cells in inflammatory responses. (cshlpress.com)
This regulation becomes important in the transplantation setting where HSCs undergo proliferation followed by a gradual transition to quiescence and homeostasis. (lu.se)

In single-celled organisms, a single cell-division cycle is how the organism replicates itself. (wikipedia.org)
The length of the cell cycle is highly variable, even within the cells of a single organism. (openstax.org)

In order to best accomplish our goals, we use the genetically tractable bacterium Caulobacter crescentus whose cell cycle can be easily synchronized to enable fine temporal resolution of each cell cycle event. (illinois.edu)

Both Mabs in murine (mGHR106) or humanized (hGHR106) forms were shown to have comparable specificity and affinity to intact GnRH receptor on cancer cells or to N1-29 synthetic peptides from humans and monkeys. (annexpublishers.co)

Such cell size control is inevitable to maintain cell size homeostasis from generation to generation. (imperial.ac.uk)

During the last five years, enormous progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of circadian systems, mainly by molecular genetic studies using the mouse and fly. (bioone.org)
However, some recent studies imply that the present widely accepted molecular models of circadian clocks may not always be supported by the experimental evidence. (bioone.org)

In living organisms, if the temperature exceeds the normal range (thermo-neutral zone), it disturbs the normal physiological functioning and induces cell injury. (frontiersin.org)

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), both types I and II, is a decapeptide hormone that stimulates the release of gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary through specific binding to the GnRH receptor located on the external membrane of selected cell types [ 1-3 ]. (annexpublishers.co)

The flagellum is a unique molecular machine driving bacterial movement through liquid environments. (ncl.ac.uk)
Rotation of the filament is achieved via the action of a universal joint known as the hook and a basal motor anchored into the bacterial cell envelope. (ncl.ac.uk)

In this talk I will present results and ongoing work of two interdisciplinary collaborations where we investigate essential generic features of eukaryotic cells. (imperial.ac.uk)

Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
Additionally, after laser exposure, YAP siRNA inhibited the increased expression of PCNA, which was colocalized with endothelial cells. (molvis.org)
Among them, VEGF-A can promote the division and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and neovascularization and maintain the survival of new vessels. (molvis.org)

Anatomy23

Organisms15

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes81

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Mechanisms26

Progression19

Apoptosis11

Pathways6

Proteins12

Cellular7

Genes8

Epigenetic regulation2

Proliferation and migration2

Differentiation8

Cytoskeleton2

Genetics3

MiRNAs5

Biochemical2

Genome4

Transcription factors3

Translational1

Chromatin2

Anaphase-promoti1

Negative regulator2

Checkpoints1

MTOR3

MicroRNAs2

Inhibition1

Tumor3

Interactions3

Genomic3

Epithelial cells4

Mechanism3

Somatic3

Adhesion3

Developmental Biology1

Signaling2

Nucleus3

Markers1

Phosphorylation2

Regulates1

Analyses1

Unrelated molecular machines1

Functional2

Mammalian3

Chromosome4

Replication4

Yeast3

Species5

Hematopoietic stem2

Understand the molecular1

Important7

Organism2

Temporal1

Specificity1

Homeostasis1

Circadian2

Physiological1

Receptor1

Bacterial2

Eukaryotic cells1

Endothelial cells3