Molecular b cell activating factor. Medical search. Frequent questions

The molecular mechanisms underlying sensitivity to gefitinib are unknown. (nih.gov)
Our goal is to define molecular mechanisms and the physiological significance of JNK signaling. (umassmed.edu)
Network-based methods can provide valuable tools to consolidate newly generated data with existing knowledge, and to decipher the interwoven molecular mechanisms underlying HD. (nature.com)
We have evaluated several potential molecular targets to identify the mechanisms of therapy for traumatic brain injury and their consequences. (news-medical.net)
How to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases by regulating cell ferroptosis has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment, but the functional changes and specific molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis still need to be further explored. (nature.com)
But the underlying molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis are still far from being fully elucidated. (springer.com)
In this review, we studied on the effects and molecular mechanisms of Rhizoma coptidis on NF-κB/MAPK/PI3K-Akt/AMPK/ERS and oxidative stress pathways. (springer.com)
There are many researches on Rhizoma coptidis, but most of them are only a small part of the whole molecular mechanisms. (springer.com)
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Rhizoma coptidis has excellent therapeutic effects on various diseases, but the underlying systematic molecular mechanisms are still far from being fully elucidated. (springer.com)
However, information on transcription factors and cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the production of immune and inflammatory mediators induced by organic dust is limited. (cdc.gov)
We next investigated underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. (biorxiv.org)
however, mechanisms through which these bioactive compounds act on epithelial cells have not been identified. (biorxiv.org)
In another study, we established the molecular mechanisms of the anabolic action of formoterol. (wada-ama.org)
Elevated excitability and its ac- and the molecular mechanisms of memory. (lu.se)
The mechanisms underlying the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the metastasis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remain largely unknown. (bvsalud.org)
The molecular mechanisms behind the bacteria-induced formation of fibrinopeptides were investigated and shown to be triggered by the activation of the contact system, also known as the kallikrein/kinin system or the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. (lu.se)
Given the functional relation between KIT and the transcription factor MITF, we are investigating the molecular mechanisms behind the KIT-mediated regulation of MITF. (lu.se)
Neutrophil apoptosis can be modulated by several factors in the local environment, such as the Fas ligand (FasL), but the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. (lu.se)

Interaction between BAFF and BAFF-R activates classical and noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to these four pathways, tumors can undergo infiltration around nerve fibers and metastasis along nerves, that is, perineural invasion (PNI), which refers to the phenomenon of perineural invasion by tumor cells filling the perineurial space, wrapping around nerves in a continuous concentric sheath-like pattern, infiltration, and metastasis of extension along nerves around nerve fibers or into perineurium within the perineurium [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
The induction of ATF-3 expression was mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in GS-002-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
Recent literature indicates that the key factors and pathways that regulate valve development are also implicated in congenital heart defects and valve disease. (springer.com)
These compounds replicate the physiological effects of fasting by activating similar molecular pathways. (healthnews.com)
Research conducted at the University of Southern California (USC), including studies led by Dr. Valter Longo, has shown that fasting and fasting mimetics can activate cellular pathways that promote cellular rejuvenation, metabolic flexibility, longevity, and overall health. (healthnews.com)
Transient overexpression of UBCv1 impaired activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors induced by several agonists of these pathways. (mdpi.com)
Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
NF-κB pathways can be mainly activated by two pathways. (springer.com)
In this context, a new molecule, B-cell activating factor (BAFF), has emerged as a positive regulator of B cell survival and differentiation functioning through various signaling pathways and potentiating the activity of various receptor complexes through pleiotropic means. (medsci.org)
Another line of research development centers on the establishment of novel chemical libraries aiming at mechanism-based or lead compound-based drug discovery for cancer/inflammation, particularly by targeting Bcl-2 family proteins and apoptosis pathways, transcription factors as well as epigenetic therapy with the aid of molecular docking and chemical synthesis. (utmb.edu)
Intervention in growth factor activated signaling pathways by renally targeted kinase inhibitors. (rug.nl)
The signaling pathways activated by the oncogenic mutants are in part overlapping with those normally activated by these receptors, but there are also signal transduction pathways that are unique to the oncogenic mutants. (lu.se)
The signaling pathways activated by the oncogenic mutants are to some extent unique and different from wild-type receptor signaling. (lu.se)

To understand the etiology of osteopetrosis, it is very essential to understand the bone-remodeling cycle and the cell biology of osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
In 1999, Baron clearly and concisely reviewed the cell biology of the bone remodeling. (medscape.com)
Cell lines and transfected cell systems augment this study with particular emphasis on perturbations in the biology of selectins, integrins, matrix adhesion, and chemokine receptors. (stjude.org)
V. Boggaram, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Univ. (cdc.gov)
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. (montana.edu)

Most patients with non-small-cell lung cancer have no response to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, which targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). (nih.gov)
In vitro, EGFR mutants demonstrated enhanced tyrosine kinase activity in response to epidermal growth factor and increased sensitivity to inhibition by gefitinib. (nih.gov)
A subgroup of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer have specific mutations in the EGFR gene, which correlate with clinical responsiveness to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. (nih.gov)
GS-002 also induced endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress as evidenced by increases in ER stress-responsive proteins including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α (eIF2 α ), phosphorylated protein endoplasmic-reticular-resident kinase (PERK), and ATF-3. (hindawi.com)
Previous studies reported that ATF-3 was induced by treating cells with antitumorigenic compounds [ 14 - 18 ] and a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
We have previously shown that budding yeast Mak11, whose homologues in other eukaryotes were described as modulating a p21-activated protein kinase function, accumulates in Rlp24-associated pre-60S complexes when their maturation is impeded in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (pasteur.fr)
A major focus of our work is to understand the role of the cJun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) family of stress-activated MAP kinases. (umassmed.edu)
The presence of two well-known Nod factor receptors (NFR1 and NFR5) belonging to a large family of so-called LysM receptor kinase proteins implies that other similar receptors may be involved in Nod factor signaling as well. (isaaa.org)
Saw palmetto extract suppresses insulin-like growth factor-I signaling and induces stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in human prostate epithelial cells. (nutrimedical.com)
In addition, nuclear factor κB (NF‑κB), c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal‑regulated kinases and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase inhibitors and TNF‑α were used to determine the molecular mechanism of autophagy during the inflammatory conditions, and only the NF‑κB and JNK inhibitor were found to enhance the autophagy of rat NP cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Chemical inhibition and siRNA knockdown experiments demonstrated that STAT-3 activation is dependent on the activation of nonreceptor tyrosine-protein kinase 2 (TYK2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases. (cdc.gov)
Purvalanol, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, is referred to as a strong apoptotic inducer which causes cell cycle arrest in various cancer cells such as prostate, breast and colon cancer cell lines. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), are members of the serine-threonine protein kinase family and are responsible for taking control of cell cycle regulation in eukaryotic cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α), PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF-6). (spandidos-publications.com)
These findings are the first to report that a GPCR inverse-agonist reduces growth factor-induced receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, fundamentally broadening their mechanism of action. (strath.ac.uk)
In addition to protein kinase A, cAMP produced by the β2-adrenergic signaling can also activate Epac. (wada-ama.org)
Cell-specific delivery of a transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor kinase inhibitor to proximal tubular cells for the treatment of renal fibrosis. (rug.nl)
Organ- and cell-type specific delivery of kinase inhibitors: A novel approach in the development of targeted drugs. (rug.nl)
They also activate other kinase cascades. (embl.de)
The PI3-kinase isoform p110δ is essential for cell transformation induced by the D816V mutant of c-Kit in a lipid-kinase-independent manner. (lu.se)
Using two different methods it was possible to detect constitutive activity of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) in newly isolated neutrophils. (lu.se)

Phase II Study of Afatinib in Patients With Tumors With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Activating Mutations: Results From the National Cancer Institute-Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice ECOG-ACRIN Trial (EAY131) Subprotocol EAY131-B. (cdc.gov)

Upon cellular activation, the bacteria then adhere to chemokine receptors, particularly the platelet-activating factor receptor. (stjude.org)

It has been reported that signaling from the nerve growth factor (NGF) pathway associated with peripheral nerves is able to contribute to perineural invasion (PNI) of pancreatic cancer (PC). (hindawi.com)
To reveal that the NGF-TrkA signaling pathway was closely associated with PC PNI, in vitro neuroinvasion model was established by using MiaPaCa-2 cells via coculturing DRG cells in Matrigel. (hindawi.com)
In breast cancer, ATF-3 enhances cancer cell-initiating features [ 22 ] and is associated with activation of the canonical Wnt/ β -catenin pathway [ 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Ribosome biogenesis is driven by a large number of preribosomal factors that associate with and dissociate from the preribosomal particles along the maturation pathway. (pasteur.fr)
The JNK signaling pathway is activated in response to many cytokines and growth factors and when cells are exposed to physical/chemical stress. (umassmed.edu)
They trigger processes such as autophagy (cellular recycling) , mitochondria biogenesis, stem cell activation, ketogenesis (production of ketone bodies), and the reduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, along with inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which is involved in cell growth and metabolism. (healthnews.com)
Proteins in the GLI family function in the same molecular pathway as a protein called Sonic Hedgehog. (medlineplus.gov)
Activating or blocking the ferroptosis pathway to alleviate the progression of the disease, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases. (nature.com)
Planar Cell Polarity (PCP), the polarization within the plane of an epithelium, is perpendicular to apical-basal polarity and established by the non-canonical Wnt/Fz-PCP signaling pathway. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
In this study, we have identified STAT-3 as an important transcription factor controlling the induction of expression of immune and inflammatory mediators by poultry dust extracts in airway epithelial cells and in mouse lungs and delineated the cellular pathway for STAT-3 activation. (cdc.gov)
Cdc42 is a novel signaling pathway that may reduce hypertrophy and heart failure when activated. (bmj.com)
YD277 Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Partially Through Activating the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway. (utmb.edu)
Mechanistically, circZFR protects heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (HNRNPLL) from degradation by ubiquitination to regulate alternative splicing, such as myosin IB (MYO1B), and subsequently activates the AKT-mTOR pathway to facilitate OXPHOS. (bvsalud.org)

The functional consequences of identified mutations were evaluated after the mutant proteins were expressed in cultured cells. (nih.gov)
When scientists shined the blue light in laboratory dishes containing the immune cells, the light triggered a cascade of molecular signals and growth factors inside the cell, including Ras and AKT proteins. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The Johns Hopkins team, led by scientists Peter Devreotes, Ph.D. , and Dhiman Pal, Ph.D., say they believe this is the first evidence that Ras and AKT proteins, typically known for promoting cell growth, could have such a direct effect on the cytoskeleton and polarity in immune cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
GLI proteins are called transcription factors on the basis of this action. (medlineplus.gov)
To start symbiosis, the legumes use certain receptor proteins that can recognize the Nod factor proteins produced by bacteria which are crucial in establishing the host-nonhost link between legumes and rhizobia. (isaaa.org)
They attract transcription factor proteins that start the expression of genes, thereby "enhancing" their activity. (mpg.de)
According to the prevailing theory, transcription factor proteins recognize "codewords" in enhancers that are specific for a certain cell type, allowing the genome to tell a cell's story by jumping to the right chapters. (mpg.de)
Our research efforts on developing chemical probes include design and synthesis of small molecules targeting EPAC, which are exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP including cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors. (utmb.edu)
They followed the activity of two circadian proteins, which bind together to form a transcription factor that turns on circadian-regulated genes. (the-scientist.com)
Members of the Rho family of small G proteins transduce signals from plasma-membrane receptors and control cell adhesion, motility and shape by actin cytoskeleton formation. (embl.de)
Like all other GTPases, Rho proteins act as molecular switches, with an active GTP-bound form and an inactive GDP-bound form. (embl.de)
The active conformation is promoted by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors, and the inactive state by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) which stimulate the intrinsic GTPase activity of small G proteins. (embl.de)
Here we show that Escherichia coli bacteria expressing fibrous surface proteins, known as curli, assemble and activate factors of the human coagulation cascade at their surface. (lu.se)
By a broad mass spectrometry based approach on whole cells we are in the process of identifying additional such proteins and their phosphorylation status. (lu.se)

Despite rapid expansion of information obtained from researchers, the molecular mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis and the molecular genetics of HCC remain elusive. (hindawi.com)
Researchers Philipp Benner and Martin Vingron from the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (MPIMG) set out to decipher the instructions of the activation patterns in distinct cell types and embryonic tissues of the mouse. (mpg.de)

Activating transcription factor-(ATF-) 3, a stress-inducible transcription factor, is rapidly upregulated under various stress conditions and plays an important role in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
First, we found that GS-002 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manners. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, we found that GS-002 induced more cell apoptosis in ATF-3-overexpressing cells. (hindawi.com)
Traditionally, cell death has been divided into apoptosis and necrosis. (nature.com)
It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)
New anticancer therapy strategies refer to the inhibition of CDK-cyclin complexes as an important target to prevent uncontrolled proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Although purvalanol-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death were demonstrated in prostate ( 5 ), breast ( 6 ) and colon cancer cells ( 7 ), the exact molecular mechanism of purvanol-induced apoptosis has not been elucidated yet. (spandidos-publications.com)
Outside the blood vessels, neutrophils spontaneously undergo apoptosis, and are therefore removed by phagocytic cells at the site of inflammation. (lu.se)

Depending on signals from Sonic Hedgehog, the GLI3 protein can either turn on (activate) or turn off (repress) other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
In vivo , CWO induced transcriptional changes in immune-related genes, resulting in cytotoxic T cell-dependent tumor regression. (biorxiv.org)
The researchers developed a program that is able to identify DNA sequences that are recognized by the cell in order to activate genes in a tissue-specific way. (mpg.de)
10 Genes that, when activated, contribute to the carcinogenesis are generally termed proto-oncogenes. (bmj.com)
These genes are activated in a large subset of primary breast tumors associated with invasive behavior and poor prognosis . (medicalxpress.com)
Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different molecular subtypes were identified to construct a new ICD-related prognosis panel and generate molecular subtypes using ConsensusClusterPlus. (bvsalud.org)

With a series of statistical and bioinformatic analyses, the scientists identified several hundreds of tissue-specific DNA subsequences or "codewords" in enhancers that guide transcription factors, not only confirming sequences already known from other studies, but also identifying many new ones. (mpg.de)
When looking at the molecular signaling events after SHP2 depletion, the scientists realized that SHP2 activates transcription factors that are usually associated with stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)
2012) Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 promotes breast cancer progression and maintains tumor-initiating cells via activation of key transcription factors and a positive feedback signaling loop. (medicalxpress.com)

We searched for mutations in the EGFR gene in primary tumors from patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who had a response to gefitinib, those who did not have a response, and those who had not been exposed to gefitinib. (nih.gov)
Similar mutations were detected in tumors from 2 of 25 patients with primary non-small-cell lung cancer who had not been exposed to gefitinib (8 percent). (nih.gov)
These mutations lead to increased growth factor signaling and confer susceptibility to the inhibitor. (nih.gov)
We use mouse models with targeted mutations to examine physiological significance and molecular mechanism. (umassmed.edu)
Finally, patients with certain subtypes of malignant melanoma carry activating mutations in KIT that is driving the disease. (lu.se)

A critical role of autophagy was identified in rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells: Inhibition of autophagy suppresses, while activation of autophagy enhances, the catabolic effect of cytokines. (spandidos-publications.com)

Mar. 28, 2023 Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key factors in the tumor microenvironment, which have been implicated in cancer cell progression. (sciencedaily.com)
Increased levels of polyamines in cells are considered to be involved in cancer progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
In this review we provide current evidence for BAFF-dependent signaling through the NgR multimeric complex, elucidating their association within the CNS compartment and underlying the importance of these potential pathogenic molecular regulators as possible therapeutic targets to limit relapse rates and potentially MS progression. (medsci.org)

Third, SB649146 blocked the S1P-induced activation of p42/p44 MAPK in airway smooth muscle cells, a response that is mediated by the S1P1 receptor. (strath.ac.uk)
We now report that inverse agonism of the S1P1 receptor with SB649146 reduced the endocytosis of the PDGFβ receptor-S1P1 receptor complex and the stimulation of p42/p44 MAPK and cell migration in response to PDGF. (strath.ac.uk)

ATF-3 induces DNA synthesis and expression of cyclin D1 in hepatocytes [ 21 ] and is involved in serum-induced cell proliferation as a target gene of c-myc [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our study results demonstrate that hypoxia mimetic cobalt chloride induces SIRT1 and augments HIF-2α, which activates and releases VEGF. (molvis.org)
Organic dust induces inflammatory gene expression in lung epithelial cells via ROS-dependent STAT-3 activation. (cdc.gov)
Our data confirmed that ITPR1-AS1 induces SCLC cell metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. (bvsalud.org)

Thank you for sharing this Molecular Pharmacology article. (aspetjournals.org)
Message Body (Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Molecular Pharmacology. (aspetjournals.org)

This cytokine is a ligand for receptors TNFRSF13B/TACI, TNFRSF17/BCMA, and TNFRSF13C/BAFF-R. This cytokine is expressed in B cell lineage cells, and acts as a potent B cell activator. (wikipedia.org)
BAFF steady-state concentrations depend on B cells and also on the expression of BAFF-binding receptors. (wikipedia.org)
BAFF is the natural ligand of three nonconventional tumor necrosis factor receptors named BAFF-R (BR3), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor), and BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), all of which have differing binding affinities for it. (wikipedia.org)
These receptors are expressed mainly on mature B lymphocytes and their expression varies in dependence of B cell maturation (TACI is also found on a subset of T-cells and BCMA on plasma cells). (wikipedia.org)
[4] BAFF is the natural ligand of three unusual tumor necrosis factor receptors named BAFF-R (BR3), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor), and BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), all of which have differing binding affinities for it. (wikidoc.org)
Besides, NGF binding to TrkA receptors encouraged the intracellular Warburg effect in PC and DRG cells. (hindawi.com)
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns released by infecting organisms not only bind immune receptors on inflammatory cells but also bind receptors on cells in the heart ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Toll-like receptors are transmembrane glycoproteins, which recognize many PAMPs with extracellular domains and aggravate the exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial infection through activating nuclear factor (NF)-κB ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Interactions between L-selectin and chemoattractant receptors were therefore examined using transfected rat basophilic leukemia cell lines (RBL-2H3) that expressed human L-selectin along with human leukocyte chemoattractant receptors. (upenn.edu)

5, 2023 Researchers have revealed that the expression of a specific isoform of GREB1 Is4 is induced in malignant melanoma cells by the melanocyte-specific transcription factor, MITF. (sciencedaily.com)
July 27, 2023 Investigators have designed an innovative RNA-based strategy to activate dendritic cells--which play a key role in immune response -- that eradicated tumors and prevented their recurrence in mouse models of melanoma. (sciencedaily.com)
July 5, 2023 A new vaccine boosts the response of engineered CAR-T cells and helps the immune system generate T cells that target other tumor antigens. (sciencedaily.com)
June 23, 2023 B cells are thought to play a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity, but their exact role in anti-tumor immunity remains unknown. (sciencedaily.com)
Feb. 16, 2023 Cancer immunotherapy involves using activated T cells to destroy tumors, but it doesn't work for all patients. (sciencedaily.com)
Cell Host & Microbe 31:681-682, 2023. (stjude.org)

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B and CD257 among other names, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF13B gene. (wikipedia.org)
BAFF is a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. (wikipedia.org)
The immune system's ability to send its army of immune cells to the right location with the right level of response is key to the body's ability to fight an infection or a growing tumor. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Proteoglycan degradation contributing to the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is induced by inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β). (spandidos-publications.com)
Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), are highly expressed in degenerative IVDs and contribute to a degenerative IVD phenotype by inhibiting the production of ECM ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Together, these studies identify T cell-mediated tumor regression as the mechanism through which a plant-derived essential oil diminishes established tumor burden. (biorxiv.org)
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), the first pro-inflammatory cytokine to be released by an inflammatory response, suppresses the translation of the key enzyme of melatonin synthesis (arylalkylamine- N -acetyltransferase, Aanat ). (frontiersin.org)
As they report in the latest issue of Nature Medicine, SHP2 is necessary for the maintenance of the few tumor initiating cells (TICs) in a breast tumor. (medicalxpress.com)
These cells are thought to sustain the growth of the tumor, promote metastasis and lead to relapses. (medicalxpress.com)
This population of cells can not only initiate cancer, it may, in some tumor types, also be the one to promote growth, resist therapy, or cause relapse. (medicalxpress.com)
In recent years, these so-called tumor initiating cells (TICs) have thus moved into the focus of attention because of their promise for therapeutic intervention: TICs seem to be the reason why patients with some cancers do not react to therapy or relapse quickly after remission, and TICs seem to be more abundant in aggressive and refractory cancers. (medicalxpress.com)
When the scientists depleted SHP2 from breast cancer cells with a small hairpin RNA, it decreased proliferation and invasiveness in 3D cultures, blocked tumor growth and reduced metastasis. (medicalxpress.com)
We believe that one should not only target the bulk of the tumor but also the tumor initiating cells," comments Bentires-Alj. (medicalxpress.com)
By better understanding the signaling events governing tumor initiating cells, we hope to develop new, more efficacious, therapeutic approaches. (medicalxpress.com)
Now that we have elucidated the critical role SHP2 plays in tumor initiating cells, we are eager to see our basic research findings translated into effective therapies. (medicalxpress.com)
Concordance Between Genomic Alterations Detected by Tumor and Germline Sequencing: Results from a Tertiary Care Academic Center Molecular Tumor Board. (cdc.gov)
Oncogene Overlap Analysis of Circulating Cell-free Tumor DNA to Explore the Appropriate Criteria for Defining MET Copy Number-Driven Lung Cancer. (cdc.gov)

Using these new insights, the researchers treated MERS-infected cells with various SKP2 inhibitors in order to stimulate the degradation process. (charite.de)
Co-Treatment of Prostate Cancer Cells with Mscs Expressing Trail and Iap Inhibitors Reduce Trail Resistance and Production of Trail-Induced Cytokines. (essex.ac.uk)
Olomoucine, roscovitine and purvalanol are examples of CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) designed and investigated for their apoptotic potential on cancer cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Testing for inhibitors is indicated when bleeding is not controlled after adequate amounts of factor concentrate are infused during a bleeding episode. (medscape.com)

Whether under physiological or pathological conditions, cell death is an unavoidable and important link in the process of life and marks the end of the life of a cell. (nature.com)

Hemophilia A is an X-linked, recessive disorder caused by deficiency of functional plasma clotting factor VIII (FVIII), which may be inherited or arise from spontaneous mutation. (medscape.com)
Factor V Leiden mutation is more resistant to activated protein C and therefore takes longer to switch off clotting. (medscape.com)

It has been also shown to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. (wikipedia.org)
MiaPaCa-2 and CFPAC-1 cells were treated with 100 ng/ml of NGF or the NGF inhibitor Tanezumab for 24 h, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were employed to test cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, respectively. (hindawi.com)
A CEA-Jacob team has just published a paper in which it demonstrates the central role of the transcription factor KLF4 in regulating the proliferation of epidermal stem cells and their ability to regenerate this tissue. (cea.fr)
The study has shown that manipulation of KLF4 expression is also suitable for these cells, as reducing its expression in keratinocytes derived from embryonic stem cells (ESC) improves their proliferation capacity and their ability to reconstruct skin. (cea.fr)
Natural polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, play essential roles in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)

HCT 116 colon cancer cells were exposed to purvalanol, which activated ER stress via upregulation of PERK, IRE1α gene expression, eIF-2α phosphorylation and ATF-6 cleavage at early time-points in the HCT 116 colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Activated and released IRE1α acts as an RNase to initiate transcription of XBP1 mRNA and it becomes a transcriptional activator for unfolded protein response (UPR) gene targets, such as BiP and calreticulin ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Western blotting was employed to determine NGF level in PC and paracarcinoma tissues and in PC cell lines as well as pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
NGF level was preeminently higher in PC tissues and cell lines than in paracarcinoma tissues and normal pancreatic epithelial cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Poultry dust extract activated STAT-3 phosphorylation in Beas2B and normal human bronchial epithelial cells and in mouse lungs. (cdc.gov)

Daily topical treatment with CWO induced dramatic regression of pre-malignant skin tumors and a two-fold reduction in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. (biorxiv.org)
SUMMARY BLURB Essential oil derived from the camphor tree acts by stimulating immune cell-dependent regression of skin tumors in a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (biorxiv.org)

In this study, L-selectin was found to be phosphorylated in lymphoblastoid cell lines, and phosphorylation was enhanced by phorbol ester (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)) treatment. (upenn.edu)

Dec. 16, 2022 A new study examined the combination of the common immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda) with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a chemotherapy drug that targets myeloid-derived suppressor cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The use of this model made it possible to simulate TBI and identify molecular targets that are promising for the treatment of neurotraumas and their consequences. (news-medical.net)
Researchers identified molecular targets of Pygeum africanum extract affecting both growth factor-mediated prostate growth and specific parameters of bladder function. (nutrimedical.com)

The term autophagy refers to a type of cellular recycling process which enables cells to dispose of damaged materials and waste products, while retaining intact components for incorporation into new cellular structures. (charite.de)
Cell autophagy exists in degenerative diseases, including osteoarthritis and intervertebral disc degeneration. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, the autophagy induced by TNF‑α and IL‑1β and the corresponding molecular mechanism appear to be cell‑type dependent. (spandidos-publications.com)
Finally, IKKβ knockdown was used to further confirm the effect of the NF‑κB signal on human NP cells autophagy, and the data showed that IKKβ knockdown upregulated the autophagy of NP cells during inflammatory conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Autophagy is involved in the control of cell death ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, autophagy of AF cells may be secondary to endoplasmic reticulum stress ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, Shen et al ( 14 ) reported that the autophagy of rat AF cells was induced by serum deprivation in vitro and that IL-1β upregulated serum deprivation-induced autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ma et al ( 15 ) revealed that compression activated autophagy in NP cells and that compression-induced autophagy was closely associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species production. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, our aim was to determine the time-dependent, ER-mediated apoptotic and autophagy induction of purvalanol in HCT 116 colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
however, purvalanol triggered autophagy, which functions as a cell survival mechanism at early time-points. (spandidos-publications.com)

To steer immune cells, the scientists genetically engineered human neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that fights infections, and macrophages, immune cells that engulf and absorb foreign, dead or damaged cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

The major focus of this research is the molecular pathogenesis of invasion and inflammation induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the leading invasive bacterial pathogen of children. (stjude.org)
This interaction allows bacterial entry into cells and results in transmigration. (stjude.org)
Both macrophage cell lines expressed CD44 and Toll-like receptor 2, which were significantly increased by the pre-treatment of macrophages with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. (nel.edu)
Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Without a working copy, the mouse's clock was altered, along with the expression of the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which is part of the innate immune response and detects the presence of bacterial or viral DNA in the cytoplasm of infected cells. (the-scientist.com)

The role of SIRT1 in the activation of HIF-2α and nuclear factor-κB (RelA/p65) during hypoxia in the presence or absence of SIRT1 was assessed using immunoblot analysis. (molvis.org)
Über Zwischenschritte führt dies zu einer Induktion der Transkriptionsfaktoren „nuclear factor-kappa of B cells" (NF-κB) und „activator protein-1" (AP-1) und einer konsekutiven Expression pro-inflammatorischer Zytokine (Abb. (springermedizin.de)
In cultured keratinocytes, CWO stimulated calcium signaling, resulting in calcineurin-dependent activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (biorxiv.org)
Activation of macrophages was determined based on nitric oxide and tumour necrosis factor alpha production, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B transcriptional factor. (nel.edu)
Correspondingly, hyaluronan of any tested molecular weight did not stimulate nuclear factor kappa B activation. (nel.edu)
Elevated intracellular calcium levels activate calcineurin, which in turn then dephosphorylates the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in the cytoplasm. (bmj.com)
We also show that the TNF signaling reduces the level of inhibitory nuclear factor kappa B protein subtype A (NFKBIA), leading to the nuclear translocation of two NFKB dimers, p50/p50, and p50/RelA. (frontiersin.org)

Although human osteopetrosis is a heterogeneous disorder encompassing different molecular lesions and a range of clinical features, all forms share a single pathogenic nexus in the osteoclast. (medscape.com)
The effect of different molecular weight hyaluronan on macrophage physiology. (nel.edu)
Further studies are necessary to clarify the effects of different molecular weight hyaluronan on phagocytes. (nel.edu)
Krejcova D, Pekarova M, Safrankova B, Kubala L. The effect of different molecular weight hyaluronan on macrophage physiology. (nel.edu)

It is expressed as a membrane-bound type II transmembrane protein on various cell types including monocytes, dendritic cells and bone marrow stromal cells. (wikipedia.org)

Dec. 21, 2022 Researchers have used artificial DNA to target and kill cancer cells in a completely new way. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers reported their findings in the journal Developmental Cell . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
As a first step, and using stringent biosafety conditions, the researchers infected cells with the MERS virus. (charite.de)
The researchers also succeeded in identifying a previously unknown molecular switch which regulates the process of autophagic degradation: the SKP2 protein. (charite.de)
The researchers discovered that the MERS virus activates this molecular switch in order to slow down the cell's recycling processes and avoid degradation. (charite.de)
Today, researchers assume that all the information is in the DNA sequence, including information for specific cell types, tissues, and organs," says Martin Vingron, Director at the MPIMG. (mpg.de)
This told the researchers how much cell type-specific regulatory information is actually contained in the DNA sequence of enhancers, explains Philipp Benner, who is a postdoctoral researcher in Vingron's lab: "The better our algorithm can classify any given enhancer, the more information it contains about the tissue or cell types that it is responsible for. (mpg.de)

BAFF-R is involved in the positive regulation during B cell development. (wikipedia.org)
Inadequate level of BAFF will fail to activate B cells to produce enough immunoglobulin and will lead to immunodeficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Increased levels of BAFF may initiate alloreactive B cell and T cell immunity, therefore may promote allograft rejection. (wikipedia.org)
[19] Increased levels of BAFF may initiate aloreactive B cell and T cell immunity, therefore may promote allograft rejection. (wikidoc.org)

Additionally, Dr. Longo is the Director of the Longevity Institute at the University of Southern California Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, and the Director of the Longevity and Cancer Program at the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research Institute of Molecular Oncology in Milan, Italy. (healthnews.com)

Suppression of the Growth and Invasion of Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas via Regulating STAT3 Signaling and miR-21/β-catenin Axis with HJC0152. (utmb.edu)

In vivo tumorigenesis experiments, Tanezumab markedly alleviated nerve invasion of PC cells as well as relieved nociceptive conduction in animal models. (hindawi.com)
Massive ex vivo expansion of epidermal cells (called keratinocytes) is needed for the production of grafts. (cea.fr)
Such activation is known to affect cell migration and outgrowth of axons and dendrites in vivo. (embl.de)
This project will delve into innate immune cell function, establishing in vitro and in vivo systems test innate immune cell function in regeneration. (lu.se)
Inspired from developmental processes, human mesenchymal cell lines can be programmed to form cartilage, bone and bone marrow tissues in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)

Despite recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of these retinopathies, much work remains to get a clear picture of the molecular pathology of each disease. (molvis.org)
Τheir impact on the apoptotic cell death mechanism requires further elucidation. (spandidos-publications.com)

Mechanistically, NGF could upregulate TDE-miR-21-5p levels, and DRG cells took up TDE to activate the Warburg effect and stimulate nociceptor gene expression. (hindawi.com)

Now, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists have designed a blue light-guided system to steer immune cells, a tool that could potentially be used to guide immune cells to the location of an infection or a developing cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
With the changes to signals and growth factors in the immune cells, the scientists also found alterations to the immune cell's cytoskeleton (a type of scaffolding that gives cells their shape) and its polarity (the cell's shape and organization of intracellular materials). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Within minutes, the immune cells were following and moving toward the blue light source . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The scientists envision that such light-powered technology could refine antipathogen and anticancer treatments by guiding immune cells directly to the infection or cancer source. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A blue light-guided system may be able to steer immune cells, potentially to guide them to an infection or developing #cancer. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Erol Fikrig and colleagues at the Yale University School of Medicine isolated some of the molecular players in both the circadian and the innate immune systems. (the-scientist.com)
Cellular Components of the Immune System The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
We know that innate immune cells are required for blastema progenitor cell formation, but are lacking an understanding of the immune cell processes and functions that are required for inducing and maintaining these progenitors cells. (lu.se)
This will be coupled with next generation sequencing based approaches to understanding the consequences of perturbing immune cell function. (lu.se)

Constitutive GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression suppressed adipocyte differentiation and trapped cells at the preadipocyte stage. (nih.gov)
Thus, GATA-2 and GATA-3 regulate adipocyte differentiation through molecular control of the preadipocyte-adipocyte transition. (nih.gov)
In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)

It allows users to obtain, visualize and prioritize molecular interaction networks using HD-relevant gene expression, phenotypic and other types of data obtained from human samples or model organisms. (nature.com)

The human neutrophil is the most abundant granulocyte and the major type of cell involved in an acute inflammatory response. (lu.se)

Osteoblasts arise from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. (medscape.com)
and both BMP and TGF-β signaling synergize with Notch to promote the transition of endothelia to mesenchyme and the mesenchymal cell invasiveness. (springer.com)
I am especially interested in the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in this process. (essex.ac.uk)

GATA-3-deficient embryonic stem cells exhibit an enhanced capacity to differentiate into adipocytes, and defective GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression is associated with obesity. (nih.gov)

Similarly, hyaluronan of any molecular weight neither exerted stimulatory nor inhibitory effects on macrophages pre-treated by lipopolysaccharide. (nel.edu)

ABSTRACT We evaluated the prognostic value of serum endostatin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. (who.int)

In this study, we examined the antitumor effects of GS-002 in human hepatoma Hep3B and HepG2 cells in vitro . (hindawi.com)

This interaction triggers signals essential for the formation and maintenance of B cell, thus it is important for a B-cell survival. (wikipedia.org)

PDGF-receptor b -targeted adenovirus redirects gene transfer from hepatocytes to activated stellate cells. (rug.nl)

Human skin completely renews itself every month thanks to the presence of stem cells in the deepest layer, which generate all the upper layers of this tissue. (cea.fr)
It is performed using a skin sample from the patient that contains adult keratinocytes and a minority population of keratinocyte stem cells. (cea.fr)
This expansion phase involves a risk: it may be accompanied by a quantitative loss or degradation of stem cells, leading to a loss of regenerative potential. (cea.fr)
KLF4 is therefore a new molecular target for preserving the functionality of stem cells and making progress in the bio-engineering of skin grafts. (cea.fr)
In the future, keratinocytes produced from pluripotent stem cells could be an alternative to adult stem cells in certain reconstructed tissue bio-engineering applications. (cea.fr)
One of the difficulties encountered in this area is that fact that the keratinocytes obtained do not have all the functions of adult stem cells. (cea.fr)
1. A single functional stem cell is able to regenerate the skin throughout a person's life. (cea.fr)
2. University of Évry, University of Paris-Saclay, INSERM U861, Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases (I-Stem), 91100 Corbeil Essonne, France. (cea.fr)
3. Centre for the Study of Stem Cells (CECS), Institute for Stem Cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases (I Stem), 91100 Corbeil Essonne, France. (cea.fr)
This is a tool to help students find the right project for their Bachelor's and Master's thesis at Lund Stem Cell Center. (lu.se)

Although HD is monogenic, its molecular manifestation appears highly complex and involves multiple cellular processes. (nature.com)
These are cells of the central nervous system that both eliminate cellular debris and other harmful factors and start regenerative processes. (news-medical.net)

Their findings showed that NFRe and NFR1 share similar and distinct biochemical and molecular characteristics. (isaaa.org)

[20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)

On the other hand, ATF-3 is rapidly induced in cells treated with growth stimulators such as serum and growth factors [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
It upregulates angiogenic growth factors and promotes neovascularization. (molvis.org)
Activated SIRT1 signals hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α, which transactivates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin. (molvis.org)
It plays a role in cell growth, cell specialization, and the patterning of structures such as the brain and limbs. (medlineplus.gov)
We have previously identified a novel complex between the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)β receptor and the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1P1). (strath.ac.uk)
3- myostatin and interleukin-6 are controlling factors in muscle growth. (wada-ama.org)
VEGF as an angiogenic growth factor and 20 weeks of pregnancy. (who.int)

Anatomy33

Organisms15

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs116

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Mechanisms18

Pathways17

Biology5

Kinase21

Epidermal growth f1

Platelet-Activa1

Pathway13

Proteins14

Genetics2

Apoptosis8

Genes6

Transcription factors3

Mutations5

Inhibition1

Progression3

MAPK2

Induces4

Pharmacology2

Receptors9

20236

Tumor17

Inhibitors4

Physiological1

Mutation2

Proliferation5

IRE12

Epithelial3

Tumors2

Phosphorylation1

Targets3

Autophagy10

Neutrophils1

Bacterial5

Nuclear factor7

Different molecular4

Dendritic cells1

Researchers7

BAFF4

Oncology1

Squamous cell carcinomas1

Vivo5

Mechanism2

Stimulate1

Immune9

Differentiation3

Gene expression1

Inflammatory response1

Mesenchymal3

Embryonic stem1

Exerted stimulator1

Abstract1

Vitro1

Interaction1

Hepatocytes1

Stem10

Processes2

Biochemical1

Eukaryotic1

Growth7