• Furthermore, inactivating variants in ANGPTL4 are associated with reduced risk of coronary artery disease in humans, suggesting that ANGPTL4 and related LPL modulators may be targets for modification of dyslipidemia-related atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 8 , 9 . (nature.com)
  • In Scotland, although mortality rates have declined steadily for decades (eg, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates for men were 72% lower in 2009 than in 1950), in 2009, Scottish CHD mortality rates for men and women were 39% and 64% higher, respectively, than the average for Western Europe. (bmj.com)
  • In about 74% (411) of cardiovascular disease events the principal diagnosis was coronary heart disease. (bmj.com)
  • A worked example is given calculating the 10-year coronary heart disease risk for a 57 year-old non-diabetic male with no personal or family history of cardiovascular disease, who smokes 30 cigarettes a day and has a systolic blood pressure of 137 mmHg, a total cholesterol (TC) of 6.2 mmol/l, a high density lipoprotein (HDL) of 1.3 mol/l, and a body mass index of 21. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most CVD models focus on coronary heart disease (CHD) events, such as myocardial infarction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of the latest study reveal that a full one-third of 581 reported microbe-disease associations were inconsistent, with outcomes changing depending on how the design was tweaked and which other variables were included in the analysis. (harvard.edu)
  • CCM comprises 6 components that are hypothesized to affect functional and clinical outcomes associated with disease management. (cdc.gov)
  • One-unit increment in log-transformed N-3 index plasma level was associated with a change in DLCO of 1.43 ml/min/mmHg per 12 months (95% CI 0.46-2.41) and a hazard ratio for transplant-free survival of 0.44 (95% CI 0.24-0.83). (bvsalud.org)
  • Proportional hazards models estimated the hazard ratio of hospitalised infections, comparing each biological agent with infliximab. (bmj.com)
  • The association between oral hygiene and inflammatory markers and coagulation was examined in a subsample of participants (n=4830) by using general linear models with adjustments. (bmj.com)
  • Thus, oral infections might add to the inflammatory burden of the individual and result in increased levels of cardiovascular risk based on serum C reactive protein and fibrinogen concentrations as a consequence of the systemic inflammatory response subsequent to low grade chronic infections. (bmj.com)
  • 8 C reactive protein and fibrinogen are sensitive markers used to evaluate the inflammatory status of an individual, and the results of prospective longitudinal studies indicate that these markers might be useful predictors for future cardiovascular events in various populations. (bmj.com)
  • The tool, first described in PLoS Biology in September 2021 , has now been deployed to analyze reported links between various gut microbes and six diseases in 15 previously published studies comprising samples from 2,434 patients with colon cancer, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cirrhosis of the liver. (harvard.edu)
  • Anemia is a major comorbidity in aging, chronic kidney and inflammatory diseases, and hematologic malignancies. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immunosuppressive drug therapy and any disease (eg, HIV infection) resulting in suppression of the normal inflammatory and immune mechanisms can cause or enhance severe periodontal diseases. (medscape.com)
  • 23 In this study, we examine the effect of healthy lifestyle factors on life expectancy free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes, using data from up to 34 years of follow-up in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and 28 years of follow-up in the Health Professions Follow-up Study (HPFS). (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • In this study, we introduce a cardiovascular disease (CVD) policy model which can be used to model remaining life expectancy including a measure of socioeconomic deprivation as an independent risk factor for CVD. (bmj.com)
  • Separately for never or currently/formerly smoking participants, we estimated the association between educational level (as a proxy for socioeconomic status, modeled in 4 categories) and incident lung cancer using Cox proportional hazards models. (who.int)
  • Surveys were linked prospectively to clinical hospital records, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of cardiovascular disease events or death according to oral hygiene. (bmj.com)
  • Previous smaller epidemiological studies that have examined the association between oral health and cardiovascular disease have generally used clinical assessments to identify periodontal disease. (bmj.com)
  • In clinical medicine, cardiovascular risk is increasingly accepted as the appropriate criterion to use to identify those who will most benefit from interventions designed to prevent cardiovascular disease and death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is mounting evidence to suggest that XBP1s performs a critical function in a range of different cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), indicating that it is necessary to gain a comprehensive knowledge of the processes involved in XBP1s in various disorders to make progress in research and clinical therapy. (mdpi.com)
  • Future research on integration of CCM into primary care settings for diabetes management should measure diabetes process indicators, such as self-efficacy for disease management and clinical decision making. (cdc.gov)
  • Heart failure is a common systemic disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because estimates of life expectancy free of chronic diseases take into account both morbidity and mortality, these estimates can be useful metrics for health professionals and the general public, as well as enabling policy makers to better estimate future healthcare costs and to plan for healthcare needs. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by Medscape, LLC and Preventing Chronic Disease . (cdc.gov)
  • Comprehensive models of care, such as the original Chronic Care Model (CCM) (4,5), advocate for evidence-based health care system changes that meet the needs of growing numbers of people who have chronic disease. (cdc.gov)
  • The Global Burden of Disease Study 1 estimated that in 2010 cardiovascular disease (CVD), including rheumatic heart diseases, hypertensive diseases, ischaemic heart diseases, pulmonary heart disease, other forms of heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs), diseases of arteries and diseases of veins, was the cause of death in approximately 30% of all global deaths. (bmj.com)
  • Whether higher intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with disease progression and survival in humans with pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the associations of plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels (a validated marker of omega-3 nutritional intake) with disease progression and transplant-free survival in pulmonary fibrosis? (bvsalud.org)
  • Third, higher ed: previous history of TB disease, presence or absence mortality rates during treatment may be associated with M. of pulmonary disease, presence or absence of multisite bovis ( 14 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Although pulmonary carcinoids show relatively good prognosis in comparison to carcinomas, metastatic disease and relapse do occur. (who.int)
  • Gordon Research Conference 2019, Alcohol-Induced End Organ Diseases 04/2019 CA. (lsuhs.edu)
  • 1 The aging of the population has led to a high prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • 2 People with chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes have a shorter life expectancy than do their peers without these chronic conditions. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 Nevertheless, little research has looked at how a combination of multiple lifestyle factors may relate to life expectancy free from the major diseases of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • A total of 110,497 UK Biobank participants with ≥ two (maximum five) 24-h dietary assessments who were free from CVD and diabetes at baseline were included. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diabetes is a major cause of heart disease and stroke among adults in the United States and is the leading cause of nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, new cases of blindness, and kidney failure (1-3). (cdc.gov)
  • In 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 25.6 million, or 11.3%, of US adults aged 20 or older had diagnosed or undiagnosed diabetes (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Several systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, may increase the prevalence, incidence, or severity of gingivitis and periodontitis. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusions Our model can be used to estimate the impact of primary prevention interventions on life expectancy and can assess the impact of interventions on inequalities. (bmj.com)
  • Modifiable lifestyle factors including smoking, physical activity, alcohol intake, body weight, and diet quality affect both total life expectancy and incidence of chronic diseases.6789 Studies have shown that smoking, inactivity, poor diet quality, and heavy alcohol consumption contribute up to 60% of premature deaths and 7.4-17.9 years' loss in life expectancy. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • Over the past two decades, there has been an increasing interest in the possible link between dental disease, specifically periodontal disease, and cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
  • 2 Consequently, contributing factors associated with inflammation and chronic infections, including oral infections such as periodontal disease, have been investigated to explain the relation between dental disease and cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
  • Poor oral hygiene is the major cause of periodontal disease, a chronic infection of the tissue surrounding the teeth. (bmj.com)
  • Self reported measures of oral hygiene have been associated with clinically confirmed periodontal disease. (bmj.com)
  • The microenvironment of the oral cavity changes with the age of the patient, the eruption or loss of teeth, and the appearance of disease states (eg, caries, periodontal disease). (medscape.com)
  • Periodontal disease permits organisms to enter deep systemic tissues, such as the carotid atheroma. (medscape.com)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Pre- contributes to TB incidence. (cdc.gov)
  • There is a need for a new cardiovascular disease model that includes a wider range of relevant risk factors, in particular lifestyle factors, to aid targeting of interventions and improve population models of the impact of cardiovascular disease and preventive strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Polyphenols exert preventive activity against infectious and degenerative diseases including oral diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • This non-systematic review discusses the preventive activity of PPs in the diet against oral diseases as well as their limitations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Polyphenols (PPs) exert preventive activity against infectious and degenerative diseases and may also help prevent oral diseases via various mechanisms 58 . (bvsalud.org)
  • When a local or systemic disease process or concomitant use of medications alters this overall pattern, atypical organisms begin to predominate and some normal organisms with a benign nature, such as Candida albicans, become pathogenic. (medscape.com)
  • The results described in this paper indicate that mercury exposure, even at low doses, affects endothelial and cardiovascular function. (hindawi.com)
  • Smoking, which has an adverse effect on periodontal health, also affects this overall disease condition. (medscape.com)
  • Design A state transition model was developed using the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort (SHHEC) linked to Scottish morbidity and death records. (bmj.com)
  • Short and long sleep durations are risk factors for cardiovascular disease, but limited work has assessed the association between sleep duration and cardiovascular health, a measure of the health of the cardiovascular system. (cdc.gov)
  • Ideal cardiovascular health is associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
  • 4 5 6 7 Systemic inflammation could represent the underlying mechanism that links oral health and cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
  • This paper describes the construction of the Cardiovascular Health Improvement Model that aims to meet these requirements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Health care providers need to model future patterns of need for health services, and to identify the cost effectiveness of different intervention strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this capacity, she has worked across federal and private partners to execute evidence-based strategies to prevent cardiovascular diseases and improve health. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition we will address important areas of modern epidemiology such as the influence of early life factors on adult health and disease, but also the importance of the gene-diet-microbiota interaction for body function and health. (lu.se)
  • The Chronic Care Model (CCM) uses a systematic approach to restructuring medical care to create partnerships between health systems and communities. (cdc.gov)
  • The model represents a well-rounded approach to restructuring medical care through partnerships between health systems and communities. (cdc.gov)
  • Higher free sugar intake was associated with higher CVD incidence and higher triglyceride concentrations within all lipoproteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) in the United politan region in the United States, accounting for 34% of States is changing as the incidence of disease becomes the southern border population ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • TB from M. bovis has been generally considered is changing as the incidence of TB disease becomes rare in the United States after its successful eradication more concentrated in foreign-born persons. (cdc.gov)
  • Increasing evidence indicates that oral microbiota participate in various systemic diseases. (medscape.com)
  • Objectives A policy model is a model that can evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions and inform policy decisions. (bmj.com)
  • Higher fibre intake and replacement of refined grain starch and free sugars with wholegrain starch and non-free sugars, respectively, may be protective for incident CVD. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Objective To examine if self reported toothbrushing behaviour is associated with cardiovascular disease and markers of inflammation (C reactive protein) and coagulation (fibrinogen). (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions Poor oral hygiene is associated with higher levels of risk of cardiovascular disease and low grade inflammation, though the causal nature of the association is yet to be determined. (bmj.com)
  • 1 Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and markers of low grade inflammation have been consistently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. (bmj.com)
  • According to a hypothesis, polyphenol (PP) activity against several forms of cancer, proliferative diseases, inflammation and neurodegeneration is mainly exerted through the inhibiting and modulating activities against a wide range of receptors, enzymes and transcription molecules 88 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Taking a competing risk approach, the cause-specific hazards of a first event are modelled using parametric survival analysis. (bmj.com)
  • Survival following a first non-fatal event is also modelled parametrically. (bmj.com)
  • Higher EPA plasma levels were associated with longer transplant-free survival among UC participants with shorter telomere length (p-value for interaction=0.02). (bvsalud.org)
  • High-grade prostate cancer, particularly the percentage presence of Gleason grades 4 and 5, is associated with adverse pathologic findings and disease progression. (medscape.com)
  • In the latest study, the team checked each of the reported associations by running millions of modeling strategies, including the addition and subtraction of different variables. (harvard.edu)
  • To do so, the team ran more than 6 million statistical modeling strategies on the findings of previous studies, adding and subtracting variables and testing different combinations of variables. (harvard.edu)
  • Table 1 Major cardiovascular risk models and their inputs and outputs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since considerable evidence indicates that increased oxidative damage is associated with the development of most major age-related degenerative diseases, it has been speculated that PPs may have protective effects against such conditions 58 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Cardiovascular disease history, smoking, and antifibrotic usage did not significantly modify associations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Importantly, RIOK2 mRNA expression significantly correlates with these TFs and other hematopoietic genes in myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic kidney disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • 24 Quality of diet was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) score, which is significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases in the general population. (alcoholbeveragesaustralia.org.au)
  • Studies exploring the link between cirrhosis of the liver and gut microbiome yielded the greatest consistency-60 percent of these analyses showed consistent results when run through different models. (harvard.edu)
  • After multivariable adjustment controlling for biological-free/switcher status and other infection-related factors and compared with infliximab, users of abatacept (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.96), adalimumab (HR 0.52, 0.39 to 0.71), etanercept (HR 0.64, 0.49 to 0.84) and rituximab (HR 0.81, 0.55 to 1.20) had lower rates of hospitalised infection. (bmj.com)
  • These specific conditions in the oral cavity may create foci of infection that can affect many other vital systems, such as the cardiovascular and renal systems. (medscape.com)
  • The host response to this infection is an important factor in determining the extent and severity of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • We will review several projects based on the use of panels of biomarkers for a better understanding of risk of disease and prognosis. (lu.se)
  • Several diseases involve these 2 systems and manifest in the oral cavity. (medscape.com)
  • Cardiovascular disease association studies showed nearly 50 percent consistency, as did one-third of IBD-microbiome association studies. (harvard.edu)
  • Oral microorganisms may also enter the deeper tissue after trauma or surgery, which contributes to the disease process, particularly when they cause BE. (medscape.com)
  • There are several reasons for calculating the risk of cardiovascular disease in an individual or a population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Polyphenols are receiving increasing interest from consumers and food manufacturers as they are reducing agents,can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help prevent some of the damage they cause 14 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Linear-mixed effects models with random intercept and slope were used to examine associations of plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels with changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) over a period of 12 months. (bvsalud.org)
  • INTERPRETATION: Further research is needed to investigate underlying biological mechanisms and whether omega-3 fatty acids are a potential disease-modifying therapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results There were a total of 555 cardiovascular disease events over an average of 8.1 (SD 3.4) years of follow-up, of which 170 were fatal. (bmj.com)
  • Individuals start in a CVD-free state and can transit to three CVD event states plus a non-CVD death state. (bmj.com)
  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are conflicting published reports of the relationship between ANGPTL4 function and glucose homeostasis in animal models. (nature.com)
  • For example, analyzing the role of the microbe F. prausnitzii in colonic disease, the researchers demonstrated how including factors such as a person's blood sugar and cholesterol levels and body mass index can give seriously divergent results. (harvard.edu)
  • The lipoprotein lipase (LPL) pathway has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for reducing lipid levels and cardiovascular risk. (nature.com)