Mitotic cycle cellular junctions cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a number of physiological and pathological processes, including gene transcription and translation, chromatin modification, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, and oncogenic and tumor-suppressive signals in cancer 6 . (researchsquare.com)
Conditional mutation of Smc5 in mouse embryonic stem cells perturbs condensin localization and mitotic progression. (nih.gov)
In the presence of errors or damage during DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint nodes and repair machinery work in concert to retard cell cycle progression until sufficient repair has been achieved. (bmj.com)
In the latter case, they enter into a self-driven adaptive and evolutionary process that generates a progression of disordered cells and that results in a broad spectrum of progeny with different characteristics. (frontiersin.org)
Mitotic chromosomal instability - the inability to faithfully segregate equal chromosome complements to two daughter cells during mitosis - is a widespread phenomenon in solid tumours that is thought to serve as the fuel for tumorigenic progression. (researchgate.net)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. (wikipedia.org)
In this Review, we briefly outline the roles that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone play in regulating spermatogenesis and describe our current understanding of how vitamin A regulates germ cell differentiation and how it may lead to the generation of both the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and the spermatogenic wave. (jci.org)
and the unique differentiation of haploid cells (spermiogenesis) (Figure 1 ). (jci.org)
DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)
At the proliferation stage, proliferation related pathways and basic cellular and metabolic processes were inhibited, while regulatory factors that initiate differentiation enter the ready-to-activate state, which provides a precondition for initiating adipose differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
The presence of 'stem cell-like' cells has previously been postulated based on sphere-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro 1 and evidence for the presence of label-retaining cells in the distal fallopian tube 2 . (nature.com)
Our data reveal a significant overlap between Notch-dependent genes in the fallopian epithelium and the defined 'stem cell signature' of the mouse intestine, suggesting the existence of a conserved pathway that regulates tissue renewal and directly controls cell fate specification and differentiation in the organoid by inhibiting cilliogenesis. (nature.com)
and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

To further identify the potential signaling pathways after the knockdown of LINC00958 in Ishikawa cells, we performed the KEGG and GO analyses (Figure 2). (researchsquare.com)
Maintaining genomic integrity is of utmost importance to eukaryotic cells, which have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to ensure speed, accuracy, and an adequate pool of nucleotide and replication factors as well as high-fidelity repair pathways to correct errors occurring during DNA replication. (bmj.com)
were able to show that the introduction of non-cancerous mitochondria into highly malignant breast cancer cells could reverse malignancy and down-regulate several oncogenic pathways such as invasion, in vivo tumor growth, and others. (frontiersin.org)
Proteomic data showed that apoptosis and junction-related pathways were enriched within 3 days of infection, indicating the occurrence of liver injury. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Functional and pathway enrichment analysis showed that up-regulated genes were significantly involved in cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, DNA replication and p53 signaling pathway, while down-regulated genes were enriched in Huntington's disease,metabolic pathways. (oncotarget.com)
Cells have evolved with conserved recombination mediated genome editing pathways as a mean for repairing DSBs and restarting replication forks, thus allowing genome duplication to continue [ 8 ]. (springeropen.com)

Since 1858, when Rudolf Virchow formulated the idea that cancer cells are the body's own cells ( Virchow, 1858 ), many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of cancer cells and how they develop such a heterogenetic morphology, increased proliferation, metastatic capacity, and invasive behavior. (frontiersin.org)
During the course of folliculogenesis, growth is achieved by cell proliferation and formation of follicular fluid, whereas development involves cytodifferentiation of all the cells and tissues in the follicle. (glowm.com)
Proteomic-based GO analysis demonstrated that biological processes such as cell deformation, proliferation, migration and wound healing occurred in the liver during the early infection. (biomedcentral.com)
Microarray analysis reveals that inhibition of Notch signalling causes downregulation of stem cell-associated genes in parallel with decreased proliferation and increased numbers of ciliated cells and that organoids also respond to oestradiol and progesterone treatment in a physiological manner. (nature.com)
OPC architecture, proliferation and oligodendro-/myelino-genesis are finely regulated by the interplay of cell-intrinsic and extrinsic factors. (nature.com)
Our results unveil a novel player in the complex regulation of OPC biology, on the one hand showing that JNK1 ablation cell-autonomously determines alterations of OPC proliferation and branching architecture and, on the other hand, suggesting that JNK1 signaling in OLs participates in myelination in vivo. (nature.com)
Both a cell-intrinsic program and environmental factors participate in the regulation of OPC architecture, proliferation and oligodendro-/myelino-genesis. (nature.com)
The latter findings point to the participation of Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling in the regulation of other aspects of growth, such as tissue expansion or turnover by cell proliferation. (jneurosci.org)

Here, we reconstructed Par-dependent polarity using non-polarized Drosophila S2 cells expressing all three components endogenously in the cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
Furthermore, Par-complex patches resembling Par-islands exist in Drosophila mitotic neuroblasts. (elifesciences.org)
We used Drosophila Schneider cells (S2 cells) of mesodermal origin, as host cells for cell-autonomous reconstruction of cell polarity ( Schneider, 1972 ). (elifesciences.org)
Here, we identify Pins-mediated planar cell polarized divisions in several of the mitotic domains of the early Drosophila embryo. (elifesciences.org)

The finding that gastrulation-induced forces are required for asymmetric localization of an important and evolutionarily conserved spindle orientation factor, Pins, will be of broad interest to cell and developmental biologists. (elifesciences.org)
Skeletal muscle and myogenic C2C12 cells were used to study the effects of MSY3 phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro on its sub-cellular localization and activity, by blocking the IGF1/PI3K/Akt pathway, by Akt depletion and over-expression, and by mutating potential MSY3 phosphorylation sites. (biomedcentral.com)

In the adult mammalian subventricular zone (SVZ), GFAP-positive neural stem cells (NSCs) generate neuroblasts that migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) toward the olfactory bulb (OB). (jneurosci.org)

Any obstacles encountered by cells in this process can lead to 'replicative stress' ( Figure 1 ), 1 which may be overcome by replicative stress response proteins, but deficiencies in this response result in accumulated errors in DNA replication and loss of genomic integrity, which lead to cell death. (bmj.com)
DSBs are cytotoxic lesions, which if left unrepaired could lead to genomic instability, cancer and even cell death. (springeropen.com)

C ) Expansion of both the undifferentiated (A spermatogonia) and differentiated (A1 spermatogonia) spermatogonial populations occurs by mitosis of these cell types, regulated in part by FSH. (jci.org)
In the second half of the cell cycle the chromosomes clone themselves so that at mitosis, cell division, each cell has a full set of chromosomes. (whale.to)
When cells pass from S to G 2 , the nuclei migrate toward the VZ surface where mitosis occurs. (jneurosci.org)
After mitosis, daughter cells can either remain proliferative and re-enter the cell cycle or become terminally postmitotic and migrate out of the VZ ( McConnell, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
The advent of molecularly targeted drug discovery has facilitated the identification of a new generation of anti-mitotic therapies that target proteins with specific functions in mitosis. (researchgate.net)
The exquisite selectivity for mitosis and the distinct ways in which these new agents interfere with mitosis provides the potential to not only overcome certain limitations of current tubulin-targeted anti-mitotic drugs, but to expand the scope of clinical efficacy that those drugs have established. (researchgate.net)

Only a few follicles in the human ovary survive to complete the cytodifferentiation process, with 99.9% dying by a programmed cell death mechanism called apoptosis. (glowm.com)
Tumour cells acquire the ability to proliferate uncontrollably, resist apoptosis, sustain angiogenesis and evade immune surveillance. (researchgate.net)
GSEA showed that high-risk patients were highly associated with apoptosis, cell cycle, ribosome, base excision repair, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and mismatch repair. (biomedcentral.com)

However, impaired splicing affects only a subset of human transcripts, enriched for mitotic cell cycle factors, leading to mitotic arrest. (biomedcentral.com)
The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. (bmj.com)
2 Despite having high metabolic activity, human CECs (hCECs) do not proliferate in vivo because these cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (lww.com)

3419. M.A. Mancini, D. He, I.I. Ouspenski, B.R. Brinkley, 'Dynamic continuity of nuclear and mitotic matrix proteins in the cell cycle,' J. Cell Biochem. (nanomedicine.com)

Schvartzman JM, Sotillo R, Benezra R.. Mitotic chromosomal instability and cancer: mouse modelling of the human disease. (researchgate.net)
However, erroneous repair of DSBs can lead to chromosomal rearrangements and loss of heterozygosity, which in turn can also cause cancer and cell death. (springeropen.com)
Failure to repair DSBs can lead to unwanted consequences, such as loss of genetic information, chromosomal rearrangements and even cell death. (springeropen.com)

iCLIP of spliceosome components reveals that PRPF8 depletion decreases RNP complex formation at most splice sites in exon-intron junctions throughout the genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Early-detection research has recently been revitalized by the advent of novel molecular technologies that can identify cellular changes at the level of the genome or proteome, but how can we harness these new technologies to develop effective and practical screening tests? (researchgate.net)
However, in the midst of this process of genome editing, small deletions and insertions might be introduced at the junction site. (springeropen.com)

This PTP was shown to function in the regulation of epithelial cell-cell contacts at adherens junctions, as well as in the control of beta-catenin signaling. (wikipedia.org)
The Rho family of small GTPases is known for its many cell biological functions such as regulation of the cytoskeleton, gene expression, cell migration, adhesion, cell polarity and the cell cycle. (uni-muenchen.de)
Since F-actin stabilizes adherens junctions, RhoA's regulation of actin levels might indeed be at the origin "double-cortex" phenotype. (uni-muenchen.de)
The structure, regulation, and cell types of the mouse testis. (jci.org)
Your second year builds on this knowledge and covers areas such as gene regulation, cell biology and metabolism. (kent.ac.uk)
Furthermore, Notch is responsible for the regulation of known stem cell factor genes. (nature.com)
By contrast, at a cellular "global" level PKA plays a major role downstream β1AR and results in an increase in LTCC current.Conclusions:Regulation of the LTCC activity by proximity coupling mechanisms occurs only via β2AR, but not β1AR. (imperial.ac.uk)
These results demonstrate distinct patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i change in cortical precursor cells and raise the possibility that these dynamics may contribute to the regulation of neurogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Das D, Tapryal N, Goswami S.K., Fox P.L, and Mukhopadhyay C.K. Regulation of Ceruloplasmin in human hepatic cells by redox active copper: Identification of a novel AP-1 site in ceruloplasmin gene. (jnu.ac.in)

We found that disrupting forces through chemical inhibitors, depletion of an adherens junction protein, or blocking mesoderm invagination disrupted Pins planar polarity and spindle orientation. (elifesciences.org)

These changes over time and distance are designated the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and the spermatogenic wave, respectively. (jci.org)
Asymmetric cell divisions, in which cellular components, such as existing adherens junctions, are distributed unequally to daughter cells can result in one daughter cell leaving the epithelium. (elifesciences.org)
It is lined by simple columnar epithelium containing secretory and ciliated cells, which produce tubular fluid and facilitate transport of gametes, respectively. (nature.com)
Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
Therefore, this new organoid model closely mimics the normal physiology and anatomy of the human fallopian tube epithelium and provides a starting point for future investigations into the regulatory mechanisms involved in its cellular renewal and pathology. (nature.com)
Field cancerization is primarily attributed to changes in the epithelium, but whether changes in mesenchymal cells might also have a primary role in the establishment of afield effect is not clear. (researchgate.net)
although it is derived from cells of the renal tubular epithelium, it has several histological subtypes which differ in their clinical outcome and biological features. (hindawi.com)
[ 5 , 6 ] In a localized primary infection, the virus penetrates the mucosal epithelium and invades the cells of the basal layer, where the viral DNA inserts into the host DNA. (medscape.com)
In HHV-1 and HHV-2 oral infections, viral replication within the oral epithelium may cause lysis of epithelial cells, with vesicle formation. (medscape.com)

The KEGG and GO analyses indicated 'Human T − cell leukemia virus 1 infection' and 'Hippo signaling pathway' were the main affected biological processes. (researchsquare.com)
Cellular polarization is fundamental for various biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
Polarization is a fundamental cellular property that plays a vital role in various biological processes in multi-cellular as well as single-cell organisms. (elifesciences.org)
Cell polarization involving the Par-complex in situ is linked to various other processes. (elifesciences.org)
Because of such association between Par-dependent polarization and other processes, the Par-complex exhibits different behavioral characteristics in an individual context, making it difficult to determine general features of the dynamic process taking place during cell polarization by the Par-complex. (elifesciences.org)
DSBs not only ensue from normal cellular metabolism, in the form of reactive oxygen species that can oxidize DNA bases [ 1 , 2 ], but can also be generated during physiological processes like chromosome replication, meiotic recombination and DNA replication transcription collision [ 3 - 7 ]. (springeropen.com)
1 If the number of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) falls below a certain threshold because of traumatic injury, disease, or normal aging processes, functionality of the CE is decreased, and the cornea swells and becomes milky, leading to eventual vision loss. (lww.com)

J. Cell Biol. (wikipedia.org)
Mol Biol Cell, 2018 Dec 1. (nih.gov)
Mol Biol Cell, 2001 Jun. (nih.gov)

In such a modified nuclear cycle, the chromatin duplicates its DNA content during the G 1 and S stages, but, instead of passing to the G 2 stage, the nucleus initiates a new G 1 phase, thus starting a new cycle of chromatin duplication. (scielo.br)

Investigating the cellular architecture of the developing cortex, we observed a loss of the radial orientation of radial glial cells, likely due to the disruption of the apical band of adherens junctions, which is the first effect observed after loss of the protein, and the consequent formation of rosette like structures in the brain parenchyma. (uni-muenchen.de)
Preexisting antivector immunity can severely compromise the ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium live vaccines to induce protective CD8 T-cell frequencies after type III secretion system-mediated heterologous protein translocation in orally immunized mice. (cipsm.de)
In symmetric epithelial cell divisions, spindle orientation also depends on Pins, which is recruited to the lateral cortex by the lateral domain protein, Discs large (Dlg). (elifesciences.org)
We aim to study the coupling between LTCC and β adrenergic receptors in different cardiomyocyte microdomains, the distinct involvement of PKA and CAMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and explore how this functional complex is disrupted in heart failure.Methods:Global signaling between LTCCs and β adrenergic receptors was assessed with whole-cell current recordings and western blot analysis. (imperial.ac.uk)

In your first year, your modules give you an insight into various biological and chemical disciplines, including biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, microbiology and physiology. (kent.ac.uk)
The principles found to be important are that biology reveals that brains, hearts and cells use electromagnetic signals, charged ions, voltage-gated ion channels, ion regulated gap junctions, all of which can be interfered with by external electromagnetic fields in subtle but vital ways in relation to health. (whale.to)
Dr. Mukhopadhyay did his doctoral studies in Biochemistry at the Department of Biochemistry from Calcutta University and received the postdoctoral training in the Department of Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, USA. (jnu.ac.in)
While some researchers apply epidemiological models to animal data, others only look into molecular and cellular biology. (cdc.gov)
It is evident that a linear-quadratic formula has no place in describing DNA damage caused by low dose radiation, but it is less clear that we should try to develop formulas rooted in molecular and cellular biology instead. (cdc.gov)

Each round spermatid then undergoes dramatic changes in its cellular morphology (spermiogenesis) to form first an elongating spermatid and finally a spermatozoon. (jci.org)
Cellular morphology, time-lapse imaging, and nuclear staining demonstrated that this activity occurred in mitotically active cells. (jneurosci.org)

All of these functions are of importance during the formation of the cerebral neocortex, which consists of the generation of its different cell types, their migration to their destination and their maturation to a functional network. (uni-muenchen.de)
During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

1985) described polytene chromosomes as giant chromosomes produced by changes in the mitotic cycle during the interphase stage. (scielo.br)
The endomitotic cycle (endomitosis) starts with a normal prophase (endoprophase), after which the chromosome contracts further (endometaphase), their sister chromatids separate from each other (endoanaphase) and decondense to assume the interphase nuclear structure, resulting in polyploid cells, with double the chromosome number (endopolyploidy) at the end of each cycle. (scielo.br)

Depletion of SMC5/6 sensitizes male germ cells to DNA damage. (nih.gov)

Spindle orientation is often achieved by a complex of Partner of Inscuteable (Pins)/LGN, Mushroom Body Defect (Mud)/Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus (NuMa), Gαi, and Dynein, which interacts with astral microtubules to rotate the spindle. (elifesciences.org)
Spindle orientation is often achieved by a complex of Partner of Inscuteable (Pins)/LGN, Mushroom Body Defect (Mud)/Nuclear Mitotic Apparatus (NuMa), Gαi, and Dynein. (elifesciences.org)
It is, however, important to differentiate between the nuclear cycles that result in polyploid nuclei and those that produce polytene nuclei, because these two terms of the nuclear types are often used indiscriminately in the literature. (scielo.br)
The essential difference between endomitosis and the normal cell cycle is the absence of nuclear membrane dissolution in endomitosis, with the whole cycle occurring inside the nucleus. (scielo.br)
Nuclear Receptors (NRs), that include steroid hormone receptors, are intra-cellular transcription factors that regulate gene expression in response to their cognate ligands. (jnu.ac.in)
3412. L.G. Koss, 'Characteristics of chromosomes in polarized normal human bronchial cells provide a blueprint for nuclear organization,' Cytogenet. (nanomedicine.com)
3418. P. Loidl, A. Eberharter, 'Nuclear matrix and the cell cycle,' Int. Rev. Cytol. (nanomedicine.com)

Thus, this reconstruction system provides an experimental paradigm to study features of the assembly process and structure of Par-dependent cell-autonomous polarity. (elifesciences.org)

For this reason, the first function of any cell is to prevent the permanent threat of disintegration that is described by thermodynamic laws and to preserve highly ordered cell characteristics such as structures, the cell cycle, or metabolism. (frontiersin.org)

Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that these events occurred primarily in precursor cells rather than in postmitotic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Glial cells are primarily produced in a second germinal zone, the subventricular zone that is located superficially to the VZ. (jneurosci.org)

Maintaining the integrity of the endolysosomal system is of great importance for cellular homeostasis. (babraham.ac.uk)

Polytene chromosomes are structures found in highly specialized tissues in some animal and plant species, which are amplified through successive cycles of endoreduplication, finally producing several copies of each chromosome. (scielo.br)

Undifferentiated spermatogonia divide mitotically to both repopulate the testicular stem cell population and provide progenitor cells that undergo spermatogenesis. (jci.org)
Differentiating spermatogonia in mice undergo five mitotic divisions before converting to preleptotene spermatocytes. (jci.org)

Results Primary B cells exogenously expressing Bcl2 , Myc and Ccnd1 showed factor-independent growth ability, enhanced colony-forming capability and aggressive oncogenicity, unlike the cases observed with the expression of any combination of only two of the genes. (haematologica.org)
2 A synergistic effect resulting from a combination of two genes from BCL2 , MYC and CCND1 has been implicated in human B-cell lymphomagenesis. (haematologica.org)
7 Importantly, it is believed that other hitherto unknown genes also play important roles in lymphomagenesis in addition to the synergistic effects of the aforementioned two oncogenes since human B-cell lymphomas often show a variety of genes subject to alterations and/or deregulated expression. (haematologica.org)

In contrast, symmetric divisions in epithelia divide cellular components equally, and usually results in both daughter cells remaining in the tissue. (elifesciences.org)

Finally, by using in-utero electroporation to delete RhoA in individual cells, we found out that the misplacements of neurons in the heterotopic cortex was not due to an inability of RhoA-neg. (uni-muenchen.de)
Specialized hypothalamic neurons secrete pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) into the portal blood vessels, which acts on the gonadotrophs to cause a pulsatile release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which act on ovarian follicle cells to control folliculogenesis. (glowm.com)
Although spontaneous changes of [Ca 2+ ] i have been examined in immature cortical neurons, the calcium dynamics of cortical precursor cells have received less attention. (jneurosci.org)
This is consistent with a negative-feedback loop, in which newly generated neurons modulate cell division of SVZ stem cells. (jneurosci.org)

While Akt over-expression rescued myogenin expression in MSY3 overexpressing myogenic cells, ablation of the Akt substrate, (Ser126 located in the MSY3 cold shock domain) promoted MSY3 accumulation in the nucleus and abolished this rescue. (biomedcentral.com)
HHVs replicate in the host cell nucleus. (medscape.com)

J Cell Sci, 2016 Apr 15. (nih.gov)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and tissue infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells. (bvsalud.org)
With the discovery of the polytenics in tapetum tissue, it was observed that in many other species of various angiosperm families the tapetal cells also display polytene, polyploid or both types of nuclei. (scielo.br)
The phenomenon of field cancerization (the existence of histologically abnormal tissue beyond a neoplastic area that predisposes to tumour formation) was described in the 1950s on the basis of analyses of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). (researchgate.net)

In the endoreduplication cycle, the chromatid number is duplicated, but they do not segregate, and after various endoreduplication cycles, larger and thicker chromosomes are produced, called polytenics. (scielo.br)

Her menstrual cycle lasts for 5 - 7 days every 28 - 31 days. (scirp.org)
Typically, the human ovaries produce a single dominant follicle that results in a single ovulation each menstrual cycle (Fig. 1). (glowm.com)
1 , 2 , 3 In each menstrual cycle, the dominant follicle that ovulates its egg originates from a primordial follicle that was recruited to initiate growth almost 1 year earlier (Fig. 2). (glowm.com)

In plants, polytene chromosomes have been observed in only a few species, and seemed to be restricted to ovary and immature seed tissues, e.g., in Phaseolus coccineus and P. vulgaris (Nagl, 1981), until relatively recently, when they were observed in the cells of the anther tapetum of Vigna unguiculata (Guerra and Carvalheira, 1994) and of some Phaseolus species (Carvalheira and Guerra, 1994). (scielo.br)

B cells are therefore particularly dependent on 'quality control' mechanisms to oversee antibody production. (cipsm.de)
We therefore suggest that energy loss (e.g., through impaired mitochondria) or disturbance of information (e.g., through mutations or aneuploidy) or changes in the composition or distribution of matter (e.g., through micro-environmental changes or toxic agents) can irreversibly disturb molecular mechanisms, leading to increased local entropy of cellular functions and structures. (frontiersin.org)
Possible MSY3 mechanisms of action have been studied in cell culture studies. (biomedcentral.com)

When imaging near the ventricular surface, synchronous spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i increases were frequently observed in pairs of adjacent cells. (jneurosci.org)
A third and infrequently encountered pattern of activity consisted of coordinated spontaneous increases in [Ca 2+ ] i in groups of neighboring VZ cells. (jneurosci.org)
Glial cell production increases as neurogenesis declines, peaking during the early postnatal period ( Bayer and Altman, 1991 ). (jneurosci.org)

6 Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center of Houston, TX 77030, USA. (oaepublish.com)
Growing evidence demonstrates that various cancer treatment modalities, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, stem cell or bone marrow transplant, and surgery [ 3 - 5 ] , cause premature senescence, as reviewed elsewhere [ 6 - 8 ] . (oaepublish.com)
However, the worldwide shortages of corneal donor material generate a strong demand for personalized stem cell-based alternative therapies. (lww.com)

Cell Genet. (wikipedia.org)

HPV infections have received particular attention in recent years, as high-risk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Modulation of intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) may be part of the signaling pathway by which both local environmental factors and cell autonomous developmental programs influence corticogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
This study highlights a previously undescribed Akt-mediated signaling pathway involved in the repression of myogenin expression in myogenic cells and in mature muscle. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous studies have found that DIM can improve type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, and by lowering the plasma glucose levels in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice [13, 14]. (researchgate.net)

For example, increased expression of LINC00958 attributes to cell metastasis in gastric cancer 7 . (researchsquare.com)
In view of this, we developed and validated a cellular senescence-related gene prognostic index (CSGPI) to predict metastasis and tumor radioresistance and explored the related changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) for PCa patients undergoing radical radiotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)

We show that single epithelial stem cells in vitro can give rise to differentiated organoids containing ciliated and secretory cells. (nature.com)

Because human mesenchymal stem cells are known to be sensitive to their mechanical environments, we investigated the mechanotransductive potential of Descemet membrane-like microtopography (DLT) to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells into CEC-like cells. (lww.com)
Artificial reproduction of Descemet membrane with respect to topography and similar stiffness offers a potential innovative way to bioengineer a functional CEC monolayer from autologous stem cells. (lww.com)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from the destruction of insulinproducing β cells in the pancreas, that leads to hyperglycemia [1,2,20]. (researchgate.net)

Small molecule inhibitors designed to target the DNA damage sensors, such as inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), ATR, CHK1 and WEE1, impair smooth cell cycle modulation and disrupt efficient DNA repair, or a combination of the above, have demonstrated interesting monotherapy and combinatorial activity, including the potential to reverse drug resistance and have entered developmental pipelines. (bmj.com)

In our study, we analyzed the effects of the knockdown of LINC00958 in endometrial cancer cells by using the RNA-seq data. (researchsquare.com)
Possibly, 1 day, one of these cells will show an autonomous and aggressive behavior-it will be a cancer cell. (frontiersin.org)
Dose response relationships for epidemiological studies of cancer are likely to be linear because of the cumulative cell damage/repair/mistake mechanism. (whale.to)
Non-canonical autophagy is a key cellular pathway in immunity, cancer, and neurodegeneration, characterized by conjugation of ATG8 to endolysosomal single membranes (CASM). (babraham.ac.uk)
Senescent cells have been identified in the aging prostate, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype might be linked to prostate cancer (PCa). (biomedcentral.com)
To this day, many low dose radiation carcinogenesis studies assume that the probability that one cell of a multicellular organism will acquire multiple mutations transforming it into cancer and the ability of that cancer to thrive can be described by a curve plotted against an axis that shows total radiation dose. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy29

Organisms14

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes70

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Progression6

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Pathways7

Proliferation8

Drosophila4

Localization2

Neuroblasts1

Genomic2

Mitosis6

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Arrest3

Proteins1

Chromosomal3

Genome3

Regulation9

Adherens junction1

Epithelium9

Processes7

Biol3

Chromatin1

Protein4

Biology5

Morphology2

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Interphase2

Male germ cells1

Nuclear7

Polarity1

Metabolism1

Primarily2

Integrity1

Chromosome1

Undergo2

Genes3

Divisions1

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Nucleus2

20161

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