• Mitotic spindles, composed of microtubules and other proteins, ensure that each of the two new cells during cell division both get one copy of every chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • In prometaphase, kinetochores develop where the chromosome will attach to the mitotic spindle. (wikipedia.org)
  • History The testis particular proteins Y-encoded (TSPY) gene was among the early genes to become identified through the individual Y chromosome [1 2 TSPY is certainly embedded within a 20.4-kb DNA fragment that is certainly repeated ~35 times in individuals [3] tandemly. (careersfromscience.org)
  • The mouse possesses a non-functional Tspy gene on its Y chromosome that harbors many prevent codons within its open up reading body [5-7]. (careersfromscience.org)
  • MEN1 maps on chromosome 11 and encodes for menina, a nuclear protein involved in cell replication, DNA repair and transcription process. (springeropen.com)
  • [5] In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation . (wikipedia.org)
  • Some use the term chromosome in a wider sense, to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin in cells, either visible or not under light microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity , Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)
  • Targeting MCT-1 results in intercellular bridging, chromosome mis-segregation, cytokinesis delay and post-mitotic death. (nhri.org.tw)
  • Furthermore, loss-function p53 alongside MCT-1 overexpression promote pleiotropic mitotic catastrophes, including centrosome amplification, chromosome missegregation, and cytokinesis failure. (nhri.org.tw)
  • Motor proteins of the conserved kinesin-14 family have important roles in mitotic spindle organization and chromosome segregation. (elifesciences.org)
  • In conclusion, we mapped major epigenetic modifications controlling the structure of the sex chromosome-associated heterochromatin and demonstrated the occurrence of differences in the molecular mechanisms controlling the replication timing of the heterochromatic blocks at the sex chromosomes in female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. (lookformedical.com)
  • In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1). (lookformedical.com)
  • For instance, DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoints delay cell cycle progression until each chromosome is fully replicated and physically intact. (rupress.org)
  • Each chromosome harbors essential genes. (rupress.org)
  • Thus, the products of chromosome replication (sister chromatids) generated during S-phase must be identified over time until mitosis when sisters associate with the mitotic spindle and segregate away from each other into the newly forming daughter cells. (rupress.org)
  • There was no significant mitotic activity. (ajnr.org)
  • the latter components can have significant mitotic activity. (sarcomahelp.org)
  • Colon cancers harbor a variety of mutations that result in uncontrolled proliferation and suppression of apoptotic pathways. (uconn.edu)
  • Results Our results claim that TSPY appearance boosts cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo . (careersfromscience.org)
  • Bottom line These data used together have supplied important insights in the possible features of TSPY in cell routine development cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. (careersfromscience.org)
  • To test the hypothesis that TSPY is usually involved in cell cycle regulation and its aberrant expression could contribute to the overall tumorigenesis we have examined the effects of ectopic expression of TSPY in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in athymic nude mice using the tetracycline (Tet-off) regulation system in human HeLa and. (careersfromscience.org)
  • The patient underwent a second TSS, and histology of the specimen revealed neoplastic proliferation of astrocytes and spindle-shaped cells with fascicles. (ajnr.org)
  • In BRAF-driven melanoma cells treated with BRAF inhibitors, subpopulations of cells escape drug-induced quiescence through a nongenetic manner of adaptation and resume slow proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • In 2D cultures and 3D spheroid models of various cancer cell lines, a subset of cells escaped drug-induced quiescence within 4 days to resume proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Between clonal expansion and cell proliferation, the survival of infected cells requires the silencing of viral expression before the immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Benign epithelial tumors (adenoma and cystadenoma) are characterized by the absence of cell proliferation and invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Borderline tumors are characterized by cell proliferation and a minor degree of nuclear atypia without stromal invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carcinomas are characterized by cell proliferation, nuclear atypia, and stromal invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Faithful segregation of replicated chromosomes is essential for efficient proliferation of cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • In: 'Control of Proliferation in Animal Cells', Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, pp. 393-410, 1974. (uni-mainz.de)
  • However, potentially erroneous characterization of cytotoxicity and cell proliferation can arise if verification of baseline interaction of test article with method employed is neglected. (cdc.gov)
  • Non-tumorigenic Beas-2B cells were treated with graded concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) for 24 and 48h prior to cytotoxicity and proliferation assessment with commonly used MTT, MTS, WST1, and Alamar Blue assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Indeed, there is continuous replication of mtDNA in all tissues, allowing variations in heteroplasmy to even develop between post-mitotic cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe . (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Hsu's research interest is to investigating the oncogenic mechanisms that induce DNA damage, chromosomal instability, mitotic catastrophe, neoplastic multinucleation, tumor progression, metastasis and microenvironment. (nhri.org.tw)
  • Many cancers harbor pro-proliferative mutations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutations in the mtDNA that perturb the assembly of OXPHOS enzymes can cause devastating metabolic disorders [ 3 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Usually, this will make the cell initiate apoptosis leading to its own death, but sometimes mutations in the cell hamper this process and thus cause progression of cancer . (wikipedia.org)
  • harbor PDGFRA mutations (Kumar, Fletcher). (surgpath4u.com)
  • GISTs are typically defined by the expression of c- KIT (CD117) in the tumor cells, as these activating KIT mutations are seen in 85-95% of GISTs. (medscape.com)
  • About 3-5% of the remainder of KIT -negative GISTs contain PDGFR alpha mutations. (medscape.com)
  • Most of McIntosh's work focuses on the process of mitosis in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitosis is the process of cell division that includes distinct movements of chromosomes in the cell and formation of mitotic spindles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lastly, in telophase, the cell is wrapping up the stages of mitosis with creating a new nuclear envelope. (wikipedia.org)
  • To study the movements in tubulin in cells during mitosis and interphase, McIntosh used two imaging methods: labeled (dichlorotriazinyl-aminofluorescein or DTAF-) tubulin and fluorescence redistribution (or recovery) after photobleaching (or FRAP). (wikipedia.org)
  • Overall, the redistribution or movement of the labeled tubulin in cells undergoing mitosis was much faster than the redistribution observed for cells in interphase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, McIntosh explored the possibility of kinesin as an important part of mitosis, as it can be found in the mitotic spindle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of the possible functions that McIntosh suggested kinesin may have in mitosis are that they move chromosomes down microtubules or move microtubules in different areas within the mitotic spindle. (wikipedia.org)
  • These data suggested that targeting mitosis may be an effective approach for sensitizing cancer cells to their inflammatory microenvironment. (uconn.edu)
  • Study of this effect indicated that AK301-treated cells showed high levels of ATM signaling during mitotic arrest and exit from mitosis, following compound withdrawal, resulted in a p53-dependent apoptosis. (uconn.edu)
  • Dramatic change in chromosomal DNA morphology between interphase and mitosis is a defining features of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (icr.ac.uk)
  • The centrosome duplicates and, during mitosis, separates to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle (MITOTIC SPINDLE APPARATUS). (lookformedical.com)
  • The G 2 gap phase further separates S-phase from mitosis, allowing for continued cell growth and maturation before cell division. (rupress.org)
  • After the chromosomes are separated, then the cells are able to completely separate as well through cytokinesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • After that, chromosomes move towards the middle of the cell (metaphase plate) and the two copies separate during anaphase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only during the metaphase of cell division (where all chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell in their condensed form). (wikipedia.org)
  • found that the Kar3-Cik1 motor binds to and transports a protein complex that is crucial for separating chromosomes during cell division. (elifesciences.org)
  • Here, we show prominent epigenetic marks of the heterochromatic blocks in the giant sex chromosomes of female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A type of CELL NUCLEUS division by means of which the two daughter nuclei normally receive identical complements of the number of CHROMOSOMES of the somatic cells of the species. (lookformedical.com)
  • Although as a group they represent less than 10% of all neuroepithelial tumors, ependymomas account for nearly one third of intracranial tumors in children younger than 3 years. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Ependymomas have double the rate of occurrence in white individuals compared with black individuals, whereas these tumors are equally distributed between the sexes. (medscape.com)
  • To theorize the "cell of origin" of ependymomas and related tumors, one needs only to look back through the stages of normal ependymal cell development. (medscape.com)
  • Not only do choroid plexus tumors and ependymomas (including the various histologic subtypes) clearly recapitulate specific cell types found at various stages in this ontologic sequence, so too do a variety of other uncommon and/or relatively recently recognized entities. (medscape.com)
  • These tumors are subdivided into three main categories: epithelial, germ cell, and sex-cord stromal tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) classification and tumor morphology, primary ovarian tumors are subdivided into three categories: epithelial (60%), germ cell (30%), and sex-cord stromal tumors (8%)[ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Malignant germ cell and sex-cord stromal tumors comprise approximately 10% of all malignant ovarian tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Another characteristic architectural feature found in many of these tumors is a pseudoalveolar pattern in which cells are arranged in alveolae with central cellular discohesion (see the fourth image below). (medscape.com)
  • Psammoma bodies and scattered xanthoma cells have been described in some tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Most are spindle cell tumors as in this example, whereas others are epithelioid -- hwile others have a mixture of both morphologies. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and are thought to develop from the interstitial cells of Cajal, innervated cells associated with the Auerbach plexus. (medscape.com)
  • In the spectrum of cancers of the stomach, gastric GISTs constitute only 1-3% of all malignant gastric tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Histologically, GISTs can be categorized as cellular spindle cell tumors (70%), epithelioid tumors (20%), or pleomorphic/mixed morphology tumors, but such histologic distinction does not carry clear prognostic significance. (medscape.com)
  • Microarray evaluation demonstrates that lots of genes mixed up in cell routine and apoptosis are influenced by TSPY appearance in Cdh13 the HeLa cells. (careersfromscience.org)
  • By purifying and analysing mitochondria from different cell types, we show that PINK-1 and PDR-1 are required to set heteroplasmy differences between major somatic tissue groups in C. elegans and that removal of these genes equalises ΔmtDNA heteroplasmy across the organism. (biorxiv.org)
  • In: 'Regulation of the Immune System: Genes and the Cells in which They Function,' Vol. VI, eds. (uni-mainz.de)
  • Strategies that increase replicative stress while lowering cell cycle checkpoint thresholds may allow unrepaired DNA damage to be inappropriately carried forward in replicating cells, leading to mitotic catastrophe and cell death. (bmj.com)
  • In Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells that lack NAP-1 the Clb2 LY2606368 (B-type cyclin) was LY2606368 unable to efficiently induce mitotic events [19 20 Over-expression of SET or CDA1 results in an inhibitory effect on cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase [18] suggesting that SET/NAP-containing proteins are cell cycle regulators. (careersfromscience.org)
  • Here, we collected blood samples from a single, naturally infected Holstein cow at three disease progression stages (Stage I: polyclonal stage, Stage II: polyclonal toward oligoclonal stage, Stage III: oligoclonal stage) and successfully visualized the kinetics of clonal expansion of cells carrying BLV integration sites using our BLV proviral DNA-capture sequencing method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the presence of errors or damage during DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint nodes and repair machinery work in concert to retard cell cycle progression until sufficient repair has been achieved. (bmj.com)
  • Both stimuli converge on the translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. (edu.au)
  • Translocation carcinoma is a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtype that harbors a translocation involving a member of the microphthalmia transcription factor gene family. (medscape.com)
  • Translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) arise from the proximal tubule epithelium, similar to conventional clear cell and papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
  • Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas are generally cortical or subcapsular, well-circumscribed lesions with yellow-tan, variegated cut surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), cells typically have voluminous cytoplasm, which can range from eosinophilic and granular to clear. (medscape.com)
  • Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) may have well-developed papillae, mimicking papillary RCCs. (medscape.com)
  • In Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, tumor cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and high nuclear grade are often arranged in large nests with a delicate, intervening vascular stroma. (medscape.com)
  • The nests of tumor cells in Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas may become centrally discohesive, giving rise to a pseudoalveolar growth pattern. (medscape.com)
  • Our experimental approaches involve mouse genetics, single cell genomics, organoid culture, lung slice culture, and we perform histological analysis of lung tissue using advanced fluorescence microscopy technologies. (stanford.edu)
  • The Weiss criteria define malignancy based on the presence of three or more of the following features: high-grade nuclei, high mitotic rate (more than 5 mitoses per 50 high-power fields (HPF)), atypical mitotic figures, clear cells comprising less than 25% of cells, diffuse architecture, tumor necrosis, venous invasion, sinusoidal invasion, and capsular invasion. (cap.org)
  • All MLAs exhibited architectural diversity, compactly aggregated small tubules, eosinophilic intraluminal secretions, overlapped and angulated nuclei, scant cytoplasm, and presence of spindle cells. (iiarjournals.org)
  • One of McIntosh's earlier studies in the field of cell biology is in 1974, where his team published a paper on the structures of flagella of Pyrsonympha, an organism found in termites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers all aspects of recombinational DNA repair, meiotic recombination, and the regulation of these processes. (cshlpress.com)
  • Journal of Cell Biology, 83 (2 PART). (cshl.edu)
  • Journal of Cell Biology, 95 (2). (cshl.edu)
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell, 19 (7). (cshl.edu)
  • Nature Cell Biology, 9 (5). (cshl.edu)
  • My lab also studies the role of TERT in lung stem cell biology and repair of acute lung injury, which is a culprit gene mutation in IPF. (stanford.edu)
  • These "escapee" cells exhibited DNA replication deficits, accumulated DNA lesions, and mounted a stress response that depended on the ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase. (bvsalud.org)
  • The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. (bmj.com)
  • Maintaining genomic integrity is of utmost importance to eukaryotic cells, which have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to ensure speed, accuracy, and an adequate pool of nucleotide and replication factors as well as high-fidelity repair pathways to correct errors occurring during DNA replication. (bmj.com)
  • Any obstacles encountered by cells in this process can lead to 'replicative stress' ( Figure 1 ), 1 which may be overcome by replicative stress response proteins, but deficiencies in this response result in accumulated errors in DNA replication and loss of genomic integrity, which lead to cell death. (bmj.com)
  • The composition of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in each cell is in constant flux through processes of mutation, replication, and degradation. (biorxiv.org)
  • Alternatively, due to the high rate and relaxed replication of mtDNA, mosaicism can arise through clonal expansion and subsequent genetic drift between adjacent cells and tissues over time [ 6 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York. (private-art.com)
  • and in a publication that appeared in bioRxiv jointly from the laboratories of Nikolaus Grigorieff and Leemor Joshua-Tor of HHMI Janelia Farm and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories [Abstract] . (sbgrid.org)
  • In this population, features of malignancy include large tumor size (weight greater than 400 grams and tumor size greater than 10.5 cm), vena cava invasion, confluent necrosis, higher mitotic rate (more than 15 mitoses per HPF), atypical mitoses, and invasion of adjacent soft tissue. (cap.org)
  • This variant should be differentiated from oncocytic adenoma which may exhibit atypical features that are components of the Weiss criteria including high nuclear grade, less than 25% clear cells, and diffuse architecture. (cap.org)
  • The first group includes typical carcinoids (TCs) and atypical carcinoids (ACs), characterized by a low mitotic count with absence of necrosis. (springeropen.com)
  • Although a small subset of EHs with atypical features harbor ZFP36-FOSB fusions, no additional genetic abnormalities have been found to date in the remaining cases. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • We identify the main binding sites of a catalytically inactive Cas9 (dCas9) protein in bovine fetal fibroblast cells (BFFs) with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Others use the concept in a narrower sense, to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin during cell division, visible under light microscopy due to high condensation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genomic alterations are common features of cancer cells, and some of these changes are proven to be neoplastic-specific. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the basis of these facts, it is understandable that the hypophyseal stalk or posterior pituitary can be a host to all the neoplastic processes that originate from the glial cell series. (ajnr.org)
  • Both non-neoplastic meningothelial cells and meningiomas possess mixed features of epithelial and mesenchymal cells. (medscape.com)
  • Interestingly, the apoptotic activity of AK301 was more apparent in APC mutant cells, suggesting that AK301 exacerbated the mitotic defects associated with an APC mutation. (uconn.edu)
  • Lung stem cells can also be exploited to treat monogenic diseases, by using CRISPR to correct the genetic mutation then transplanting them back into the patient. (stanford.edu)
  • By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells are positive for inhibin and negative for chromogranin and S100. (cap.org)
  • Oftentimes, ACCs have thick capsules, broad fibrous bands, tumor cells arranged in disordered nests and trabeculae, and necrosis. (cap.org)
  • Summary: Astrocytoma, or pituicytoma, of the posterior pituitary is a relatively rare entity consisting of poorly characterized glial tumor cells. (ajnr.org)
  • within a given tumor, cells may be variably arranged in broad sheets, nests, trabeculae, true papillae, or pseudopapillae (see the first 3 images below). (medscape.com)
  • at least focally, tumor cells often have abundant clear cytoplasm, mimicking clear cell RCC. (medscape.com)
  • Histopathological examination indicated an anaplastic tumor with severe cytological atypia, numerous mitotic figures, and areas displaying either dominant epithelioid or spindle cell morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Epithelioid hemangioma (EH) is a unique benign vasoformative tumor composed of epithelioid endothelial cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • GIST can also show an epithelioid appearance , with distinct polygonal cells with a moderate amount of cytoplasm. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Patients with pediatric-type GISTs present with a purely epithelioid or mixed epithelioid/spindle cell cellularity. (medscape.com)
  • Transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are the focus of our group, especially understanding how extracellular stimuli control cell growth and division, cell morphology, and gene expression at the biochemical level. (berkeley.edu)
  • There were foci of eosinophilia, stellate cytoplasm, and occasional gemistocytic morphology, and many cells were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). (ajnr.org)
  • Cells may also exhibit bulging cell borders-a trait that has been referred to as "soap bubble" morphology. (medscape.com)
  • Aberrant activation of MCT-1 in cancer cells induces generation of intracellular ROS, tumor-promoted cytokines and the miRNAs which potentially activate the differentiation of immune cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. (nhri.org.tw)
  • The cells have prominent nucleoli and areas of necrosis and mitoses are present. (cap.org)
  • Borderline features of increased cellularity and mitotic activity (same tumor as above)are noted. (surgpath4u.com)
  • in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins are the histones . (wikipedia.org)
  • 20. Melchers, F.: Biochemical characterization of immunoglobulin-producing B-lymphocytes at different stages of their differentiation.In: 'Regulation of Growth and Differentiated Function in Eukaryotic Cells,' eds. (uni-mainz.de)
  • Eukaryotic cells rely on de novo nucleation mechanisms to generate actin filaments in order to elicit spatial and temporal remodeling of their actin cytoskeleton. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [ 10 ] In addition, gene expression profiling studies support the concept that radial glial cells from different neuroanatomic sites may be predisposed to acquiring particular genetic aberrations that result in ependymomas with site-specific genetic signatures and biologic potential. (medscape.com)
  • The cellular composition of the neurohypophysis is that of specialized glial cells (pituicytes) together with their axons. (ajnr.org)
  • The posterior pituitary, being part of the neurohypophysis, harbors specialized glial cells named "pituicytes. (ajnr.org)
  • They are modified glial cells of empendymal cell lineage located in the neurohypophysis and pituitary stalk. (ajnr.org)
  • [ 2 ] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)
  • Further study of the activity of AK301 showed that p53-normal colon cancer cells efficiently underwent apoptosis in the absence of death ligands following release from their mitotic arrest. (uconn.edu)
  • However, impaired splicing affects only a subset of human transcripts, enriched for mitotic cell cycle factors, leading to mitotic arrest. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the case of the infectious cycle, viruses reach target lymphocytes by cell-to-cell transfer and establish by entry of viral single-stranded RNA, reverse transcription of the viral RNA, integration as a provirus into the host genome, expression of viral proteins, and budding of new virions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecules can be transported around a cell by so-called motor proteins that move along a network of filaments called microtubules. (elifesciences.org)
  • In prophase, the DNA starts to package itself for division and microtubules reorganize to prepare to form the mitotic spindle. (wikipedia.org)
  • We investigated control mechanisms that regulate the activity, localization, and stability of Wee1, especially the bud neck-localized protein kinase Hsl1 and its more distant paralogs (Gin4 and Kcc4), in particular their recruitment to septin filaments, which assemble at the presumptive site of cell division. (berkeley.edu)
  • We also studied the roles of other classes of protein kinases (Cla4) and additional post-translational modifications (SUMOylation) in septin complex assembly, formation of different septin-based supramolecular ensembles, disassembly of septin-containing structures, and the function of septin organization in the events required for cell division and membrane septation during cytokinesis. (berkeley.edu)
  • The individual TSPY is certainly portrayed in both fetal and adult testes [2 4 8 It really is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of embryonic gonocytes and adult spermatogonial cells [4 8 In particular the spermatogonial cells are the only cells in the male capable of entering both LY2606368 mitotic and meiotic cell division. (careersfromscience.org)
  • We further identified that components of the Fanconi anemia (FA) DNA repair pathway are recruited to sites of mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) in escapee cells, enabling successful completion of cell division. (bvsalud.org)
  • The most common variant, oncocytic ACC, is characterized by cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. (cap.org)
  • Towards this goal, we identified a series of mitotically acting piperazine-based compounds that sensitized colon cancer cells to TNF-dependent apoptosis. (uconn.edu)
  • Understanding the mechanisms cancer cells use to suppress apoptosis may ultimately facilitate in the development of novel approaches to colon cancer treatment and prevention. (uconn.edu)
  • This work details the identification and structure-activity relationship studies of a new class of small molecule compounds and explores their anti-mitotic activity and provides a paradigm for exploiting molecular alterations in mutated cells. (uconn.edu)
  • Small molecule inhibitors designed to target the DNA damage sensors, such as inhibitors of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), ATR, CHK1 and WEE1, impair smooth cell cycle modulation and disrupt efficient DNA repair, or a combination of the above, have demonstrated interesting monotherapy and combinatorial activity, including the potential to reverse drug resistance and have entered developmental pipelines. (bmj.com)
  • Twelve of the FOS-rearranged cases were cellular EH (P=0.001) associated with moderate mitotic activity (2 to 5/10 HPF) and milder inflammatory background. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • NEK7 kinase activity is rapidly and efficiently increased by serum deprivation, and may be regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. (signalchem.com)
  • His lab also studies the molecular signals that regulate lung stem cell activity, and how the signals can be manipulated to restore their activity. (stanford.edu)
  • He participates in research involving gene correction of CFTR in lung stem cells from patients with Cystic fibrosis followed by autologous stem cell transplantation to provide lifelong restoration of physiological activity. (stanford.edu)
  • We focus our attention on lung stem cells and the molecular signals that regulate their activity to repair and regenerate lung tissue after injury. (stanford.edu)
  • They can arise everywhere, since neuroendocrine cells are virtually distributed in each organ. (springeropen.com)
  • arise in extragastrointestinal locations and 3. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Although meningiomas commonly arise in locations where meningothelial cells are found, the embryonic origin of intraventricular and pulmonary meningiomas are intriguing. (medscape.com)
  • Intraventricular meningiomas probably arise from the meningothelial cells of the tela choroidea, where there is an arachnoidal invagination into the stromal base of the choroid plexus. (medscape.com)
  • Cells are separated by a variable amount of stroma that may undergo myxoid change or hyalinization. (surgpath4u.com)
  • Because GISTs often looked like swirling fascicles of smooth muscle cells under the microscope, they were historically classified as leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas. (surgpath4u.com)
  • However, studies have shown that GISTs are unrelated to smooth muscle cells. (surgpath4u.com)
  • [ 71 ] ), and location (small bowel GISTs of comparable size and mitotic rate are generally more aggressive than gastric GISTs). (medscape.com)
  • Mechanism for remodelling of the cell cycle checkpoint protein MAD2 by the ATPase TRIP13. (icr.ac.uk)
  • This process directs the repair of many DNA lesions in somatic cells and generates genetic variation in sperm and egg cells during meiosis. (cshlpress.com)
  • Although there is evidence of selectivity [ 7 ], it is generally assumed that mitotic segregation and genetic drift are largely stochastic processes and therefore lead to random variation in mtDNA heteroplasmy and mosaicism within individuals [ 4 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Although significant progress is being made in delineating underlying genetic alterations and developing small molecule inhibitors to block key signaling pathways, as well as in harnessing the immune system to kill melanoma cells, metastatic melanoma remains mostly an intractable disease. (cancer.gov)
  • These findings could serve as a basis for the development of agents that target the molecular alterations in mutated colon cancer cells and augment the apoptotic actions of their inflammatory microenvironment, for robust activation of apoptotic signaling. (uconn.edu)
  • Staining for DOG1, also known as anoctamin-1/ANO1, a voltage-gated calcium-activated anion channel highly expressed in the interstitial cells of Cajal, may be useful for cases that cannot be categorized as GIST based on CD117 immunostaining. (arupconsult.com)
  • The cell of origin is the interstitial cell of Cajal or their precursor stem cells, which are so called gut pacemaker cells that control GI peristalsis (Kumar, Fletcher). (surgpath4u.com)
  • This mass was resected via a transspenoidal approach, and histology revealed a moderately cellular astrocytomas with compact fibrillated cells in a fascicular pattern. (ajnr.org)
  • Mitotic segregation of mitochondria may result in asymmetric proportions of heteroplasmic allelic variants in descendant cellular lineages [ 5 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Fgf overexpression or ectodermal wounding, both of which potently activate Erk, reduce Cic protein levels in embryonic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • A few years later, McIntosh published a study in 1984 on how tubulin moves in mammalian cells with a focus on the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • One critical step involves recruitment of the pre-assembled U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to Complex A, which engages 5′ and 3′ splice sites, to form the pre-catalytic Complex B. Complex B then undergoes profound structural and conformational changes that lead to catalytic activation and conversion to Complex B act , which initiates catalysis and nucleates the formation of Complex C, which completes the splicing reaction [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to the other documented NIMA-related kinases, NEK7 harbor its catalytic domain in the C-terminus of the protein. (signalchem.com)
  • FNA of this gastric mass shows loose aggregates of spindle cells characteristic of GIST. (surgpath4u.com)
  • ACC is composed of epithelial cells originating from the adrenal cortex. (cap.org)
  • The authors asked why head-directed serum broadly neutralizing antibodies are more abundant than those that are stem-directed and compared autoreactivity profiles of these bnAbs types against human HEp-2 epithelial cells to gain a better understanding. (sbgrid.org)
  • Here, we have identified a previously undescribed population of epidermal progenitors that reside in the touch domes of hairy skin, termed touch dome progenitor cells (TDPCs). (biologists.com)
  • Lack of well-characterized human mucosal melanoma cell lines and preclinical animal models further inhibits therapeutic optimization. (cancer.gov)
  • Our results are the first to demonstrate clonal expansion after the massive depletion of cells carrying BLV integration sites in a naturally infected cow. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Wee1 class of protein-tyrosine kinase has an important role in cell cycle control. (berkeley.edu)
  • The "stem cell" theory of tumorigenesis has it roots in the classic literature of neuropathology, dating back to early perspectives from Bailey and Cushing. (medscape.com)
  • Epithelial stem cells in adult mammalian skin are known to maintain epidermal, follicular and sebaceous lineages during homeostasis. (biologists.com)
  • however, the location of the stem or progenitor population for Merkel cells remains unknown. (biologists.com)
  • Dr. Desai conducts basic and translational research on lung stem cells that repair and regenerate the lung after injury, and their role in diseases like IPF, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and lung adenocarcinoma. (stanford.edu)
  • These same stem cells can become dysfunctional, generating cancer if they become overactive, and resulting in respiratory failure if they lose their potency. (stanford.edu)
  • We are focused on Wnt signaling because this appears to be a key signal that confers stem cell potency in both mouse and human lung, and is overactive in diseases like lung adenocarcinoma and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). (stanford.edu)
  • In this study, we used natural and engineered cis-regulatory alleles in a plant stem-cell circuit to systematically evaluate epistatic relationships controlling tomato fruit size. (bvsalud.org)
  • Meningiomas , as defined by the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO), are "a group of mostly benign, slow-growing neoplasms that most likely derive from the meningothelial cells of the arachnoid layer. (medscape.com)
  • Although some of the observed variants, such as chondroid meningiomas, clear-cell meningiomas, papillary meningiomas, and rhabdoid meningiomas, are associated with unfavorable prognoses, the other histologic patterns are not indicators of unfavorable biologic behavior. (medscape.com)
  • Kinesin interaction companions in peptides work in murine end Cells, with neither foundation nor 3D public same to make( 1), changing the High-resolution of the new recommendations in book colour. (private-art.com)
  • 1. Kandli, M. et al: Isolation and characterization of two evolutionarily conserved murine kinases (Nek6 and nek7) related to the fungal mitotic regulator, NIMA. (signalchem.com)