RespirationMitochondriaMembrane potentialBiogenesisPotentTitration protocolsInhibitorProtonsInner mitochonIntracellularMetabolismMtDNAMorphologyFCCPInducesUptakeRespiratoryMutationsBasalPhysiologyElectronCellsMildEnzymeMechanismFunctionCellFluxYeastExpressionImportantLeadSupportFoundResponseBackground
Respiration12
- As development progresses, nephron progenitors switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration for energy-mediated by an unknown mechanism-and undergo differentiation. (lww.com)
- A switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration drives these cells toward differentiation, but the mechanisms that control this switch are poorly defined. (lww.com)
- VHL knockout nephron progenitors also exhibit persistent Six2 and Wt1 expression, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration and prolonged reliance on glycolysis. (lww.com)
- ceCCP), typically with a sequence of ROUTINE respiration ( R ), optionally oligomycin-induced LEAK respiration ( L ), uncoupler-stimulated ET capacity ( E ), and inhibitor-induced residual oxygen consumption ( Rox ). (mitoglobal.org)
- Mild uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration is considered to prolong life span of organisms by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (bioblast.at)
- The effects of the various agents on cellular and mitochondrial respiration are measured. (warwick.ac.uk)
- Mitochondrial respiration in platelets from athletes forced to rest following a knee injury. (oroboros.at)
- The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the level of aerobic performance affects mitochondrial respiration in platelets. (oroboros.at)
- Platelets were isolated by centrifugation and mitochondrial respiration was analyzed using a substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor-protocol. (oroboros.at)
- In conclusion, there was no difference in platelet mitochondrial respiration in response to alterations in exercise level in this small pilot study. (oroboros.at)
- High-resolution respirometry: HRR is the basis for combined measurement of respiration and ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, Ca 2+ , or pH. (bioblast.at)
- Specific substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) protocols are applied in studies of cell respiration or mitochondrial activity. (bioblast.at)
Mitochondria2
- While the exact causes of mitochondrial toxicity are unknown, research has shown that a certain group of anti-viral drugs used to treat HIV, specifically nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), interfere with an enzyme needed in the production of mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
- FCCP is an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler in mitochondria. (ebiocell.com)
Membrane potential6
- Effects of mitochondrial uncouplers on intracellular calcium, pH and membrane potential in rat carotid body type I cells. (ox.ac.uk)
- Triclosan also caused mitochondrial dysfunction shown through effects on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mass, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial morphology. (cdc.gov)
- No indication for protonophoric reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential was found in UCP2 overexpressing HeLa cells and only little in HUVEC. (bioblast.at)
- The reason for this behaviour most probably is apoptosis preceded by mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of membrane potential. (bioblast.at)
- A lipophilic molecular probe in conjunction with an ion selective electrode (ISE) for measuring the mitochondrial membrane potential . (mitoglobal.org)
- potentiometry (pH, TPP+ or TPMP+ for mitochondrial membrane potential, Ca 2+ ) and amperometry (NO, H 2 S). (bioblast.at)
Biogenesis6
- Calorie restriction is known to extend lifespan among organisms by a debating mechanism underlying nitric oxide-driven mitochondrial biogenesis. (peerj.com)
- Accompanying with the up-regulation of signal transducers and respiratory chain signatures, mitochondrial biogenesis occurs with the elevation of adenosine triphosphate levels upon exposure of mouse skeletal muscles to the mimetics of calorie restriction. (peerj.com)
- In conclusion, calorie restriction-triggered nitric oxide provides antioxidative protection and alleviates telomere attrition via mitochondrial biogenesis, thereby maintaining chromosomal stability and integrity, which are the hallmarks of longevity. (peerj.com)
- The MYC proto-oncogene serves as a rheostat coupling mitogenic signaling with the activation of genes regulating growth, metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. (oncotarget.com)
- Genes encoding proteins involved in cell growth, metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis and mitochondrial function have all be defined as potential MYC targets. (oncotarget.com)
- The latter has been shown to involve mitochondrial biogenesis. (oroboros.at)
Potent1
- 1. Mitochondrial uncouplers are potent stimulants of the carotid body. (ox.ac.uk)
Titration protocols1
- SUIT - Substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration protocols are applied to mitochondrial preparations. (oroboros.at)
Inhibitor2
- UCN-01, a kinase inhibitor/mitochondrial uncoupler that has been shown to lead to Puma-induced mitochondrial apoptosis as well as ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin, demonstrated effectiveness against spheroids, whereas spheroids were refractory to cisplatin and paclitaxel. (duke.edu)
- The BCKDK inhibitor BT2 is a chemical uncoupler that lowers mitochondrial ROS production and de novo lipogenesis. (ucla.edu)
Protons2
- DNP is a powerful uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation - it allows protons to leak across the mitochondrial membrane, bypassing ATP synthesis. (theness.com)
- It's classified as a protonophore because it can transfer protons across the mitochondrial membrane. (suzannedale.com)
Inner mitochon1
- Fatty acids activate uncoupling proteins (UCP) in the inner mitochondrial membrane. (bioblast.at)
Intracellular1
- FCCP induces complete depolymerization of microtubules at 40 µM by increasing intracellular pH via the disruption of the mitochondrial H+ gradient and by decreasing the stability of microtubules by impairing the binding of microtubule-associated proteins. (ebiocell.com)
Metabolism3
- Queries of genes that impact mitochondrial function or pathways leading to transcription of lipid metabolism genes identified the fatty acid importer CD36 as highly expressed in Treg but not Teff from subjects with prediabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Correction: Vitamin B3, nicotinamide, enhances mitochondrial metabolism to promote differentiation of the retinal pigment epithelium. (ucla.edu)
- Topically, studies using the O2k range from comparative physiological investigations addressing evolutionary and environmental aspects of mitochondrial metabolism over the energetics related to exercise physiology, nutrition and life style , to aspects of clinical interest such as the impact of metabolic diseases , cancer , or pharmacological interventions . (bioblast.at)
MtDNA2
- In multiple species, certain tissue types are prone to acquiring greater loads of mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) mutations relative to others, however the mechanisms that drive these heteroplasmy differences are unknown. (biorxiv.org)
- The composition of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in each cell is in constant flux through processes of mutation, replication, and degradation. (biorxiv.org)
Morphology1
- Mitochondrial morphology controls fatty acid utilization by changing CPT1 sensitivity to malonyl-CoA. (ucla.edu)
FCCP1
- FCCP is capable of depolarizing plasma and mitochondrial membranes. (ebiocell.com)
Induces1
- Topical application of the antimicrobial agent triclosan induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitochondrial dysfunction. (cdc.gov)
Uptake1
- Holloszy JO (1967) Biochemical adaptations in muscle - Effects of exercise on mitochondrial oxygen uptake and respiratory enzyme activity in skeletal muscle. (oroboros.at)
Respiratory1
- Fairly simple to highly complex, comprehensive experimental protocols can be applied to assess either basal mitochondrial characteristics or obtain diagnostic insight into respiratory pathways. (bioblast.at)
Mutations1
- The main use of BAM15 is to treat mitochondrial diseases caused by mutations in genes that render proteins. (suzannedale.com)
Basal1
- With mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering pharmacologically blocked, the recovery to basal [Ca2+]i was unaffected by removal of extracellular Na+. (wikigenes.org)
Physiology1
- The high-resolution O2k technology is world-wide tested and trusted with emphasis on quality and scientific output of research in mitochondrial physiology and pathology. (bioblast.at)
Electron1
- Navarro A, Gomez C, Lopez-Cepero JM, Boveris A (2003) Beneficial effects of moderate exercise on mice aging: survival, behavior, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial electron transfer. (oroboros.at)
Cells2
- Regulatory T cells (Treg) control mitochondrial function and cytokine production by CD4 + effector T cells (Teff) in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes by supporting T helper (Th)17 or Th1 cytokine production, respectively. (diabetesjournals.org)
- To investigate the role of Ca2+ in mitochondrial function, insulin secretion from INS-1 cells stably expressing the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein aequorin in the appropriate compartments was correlated with changes in cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c) and mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]m). (123dok.net)
Mild1
- The disruption of cell function that accompanies the condition can cause both mild and severe problems in people with mitochondrial toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Enzyme1
- Mechanistically, serine starvation impairs acetyl-CoA-dependent gene expression by inhibiting the entry of glycolytic carbon into the TCA cycle and down-regulating the mitochondrial citrate exporter SLC25A1, a critical enzyme in the production of nucleocytosolic acetyl-CoA from glucose. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanism2
- These results indicate that following triclosan exposure, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome occurs in both the skin tissue and dLNs, providing a possible mechanism for triclosan's effects on allergic disease and further support a connection between mitochondrial involvements in immunological responses. (cdc.gov)
- Our data demonstrates the existence of a homeostasis mechanism whereby mitochondrial function controls MYC expression. (oncotarget.com)
Function2
- Taken together, our findings suggest that genes involved in mitochondrial function in spheroids may be an important therapeutic target in preventing disease recurrence. (duke.edu)
- Perturbation of mitochondrial function using a number of conventional and novel inhibitors resulted in the decreased expression of MYC mRNA. (oncotarget.com)
Cell2
- The onset of mitochondrial depolarization preceded changes in cell membrane conductance by 3-4 s. 5. (ox.ac.uk)
- Experimental evidence against this hypothesis has been brought forward by premature senescence in cell cultures treated with uncouplers. (bioblast.at)
Flux1
- 5U* - stepwise titration of an uncoupler to measure ET capacity as the noncoupled state of maximum flux at optimum uncoupler concentration. (mitoglobal.org)
Yeast1
- Mutants of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to inhibitors or to uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation have been isolated in this Laboratory. (warwick.ac.uk)
Expression1
- Spheroid formation was associated with increased expression of mitochondrial pathway genes (P ≤ 0.001) from Affymetrix HT U133A gene expression data. (duke.edu)
Important1
- Heteroplasmy and mosaicism are therefore important determinants of mitochondrial disease pathophysiology. (biorxiv.org)
Lead1
- We conclude that uncouplers excite the carotid body by inhibiting a background K+ conductance and inducing a small inward current, both of which lead to membrane depolarization and voltage-gated Ca2+ entry. (ox.ac.uk)
Support1
- Ignite Amazonian daylight drops are nutritive supplements intended to support weight loss by boosting the BAM15 hormones( mitochondrial uncoupler). (suzannedale.com)
Found1
- We found that the conserved PTEN-induced putative kinase (PINK1/PINK-1) and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PDR-1), which are required for mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), underlie stereotyped differences in heteroplasmy of a deleterious mitochondrial genome mutation (ΔmtDNA) between major somatic tissues types in Caenorhabditis elegans . (biorxiv.org)
Response1
- Is there a systemic mitochondrial biogenic response to aerobic training? (oroboros.at)
Background1
- Uncouplers also inhibited a background K+ current and induced a small inward current. (ox.ac.uk)