Mitochondria of adult rats. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation from the livers of adult male Wistar rats which had been treated with Arnica montana 6cH, 12cH, 30cH or succussed 30% ethanol (control) for 21 days. (thieme-connect.de)
Apigenin improves spatial working memory in Wistar rats. (ac.ir)
reported that the flavone apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) improves spatial working memory in adult male Wistar rats (Nikbakht et al. (ac.ir)
The mitigating effect of Ananas comosus (pineapple juice) extract on an aluminum-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats was examined in this study. (springeropen.com)
All experiments were performed on isolated liver mitochondria from adult male Wistar rats. (mitophysiology.org)
Adult male Wistar rats were acclimated (9 °C, 1-3-10 days). (bvsalud.org)
2017). Ketamine alone or combined with midazolam or dexmedetomidine does not affect anxiety-like behaviours and memory in adult wistar rats . (up.pt)
In view of this, the aim of the present study was to check for possible structural changes in the mucosa of the soft palate in Wistar rats subjected to a diet of alcohol. (bvsalud.org)

Compared to control rats, male rats exposed to 14 days of postnatal hyperoxia then aged to 1 year demonstrated higher skeletal muscle fatigability, lower muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity, more mitochondrial damage, and higher glycolytic enzyme expression. (frontiersin.org)
This study demonstrates detrimental mitochondrial and muscular outcomes in the adult male rat exposed to postnatal hyperoxia. (frontiersin.org)
Given that young adults born premature also demonstrate skeletal muscle dysfunction, future studies are merited to determine whether this dysfunction as well as reduced aerobic capacity is due to reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity and metabolic dysfunction. (frontiersin.org)
[5] The eukaryote Monocercomonoides is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, [6] and the multicellular organism Henneguya salminicola is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome. (wikipedia.org)
Correction of rat liver mitochondrial dysfunction under rotenone intoxication when treated with fixed combination meldonium with gamma-butyro-betaine. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Furthermore, ultrastructural examination of rat tissues demonstrated mitochondrial changes that further matched those seen on ultrastructural examination of tissues from patients with Leber's. (nih.gov)
This possibility is indeed supported by animal studies that showed that orchiectomy-induced testosterone deficiency reduces mitochondrial function and increases oxidative damage in the substantia nigra (SN) and the hippocampus (HIPP) of adult male rats [ 16 - 18 ]. (aging-us.com)
Cerebral mitochondrial respiration in pups fed lead from birth also is inhibited while both cerebral and cerebellar mitochondrial respiration in lead-fed adults is not affected. (nih.gov)
We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. (nature.com)

In our earlier reports, it was demonstrated that experimentally hypothyroidism modulates several oxidative stress and antioxidant defence parameters in mitochondria and postmitochondrial fractions in adult rat testis [ 18 , 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
We also reported about the effects of transient and persistent hypothyroidism on testicular antioxidant defence system in mature rats to know the role of hypothyroidism-induced oxidative stress in testicular development and maturation [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
15 Castilho R.F., Meinicke A.R., Alemida A.M., Hermes-Lima M., Vercesi A.E. Oxidative damage of mitochondria induced by Fe(II)citrate is potentiated by Ca 2+ and includes lipid peroxidation and alterations in membrane proteins. (thieme-connect.de)
Biochemical and genetic mechanisms of oxidative stress (OS) developing in rat heart mitochondria were studied in a rotenone model of Parkinson's disease (PD), and the effect of Capicor (combination of meldonium dihydrate and gamma-butyrobetain dihydrate) on these mechanisms was evaluated. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
The effect of Capicor on the protein markers of oxidative stress development in rat brain mitochondria under modeling of Parkinson's disease. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Aly HA, Khafagy RM (2014) Tau reverses endosulfan-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in adult rat testis. (springer.com)
Das J, Ghosh J, Manna P, Sil PC (2012a) Tau protects rat testes against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress as well as p53, Fas and caspase 12-mediated apoptosis. (springer.com)
Here, we show that testosterone supplementation significantly alleviates exploratory behavioral deficits and oxidative damage in the substantia nigra and hippocampus of aging male rats. (aging-us.com)
It protects cells against oxidative stress induced by mitochondria when it operates in the reversible mode. (mitophysiology.org)
Consequently, elamipretide may have a therapeutic potential in preventing damage from the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that contribute to perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), which makes mitochondria a potential target for treatment strategies for PND. (biomedcentral.com)

Is Mitochondria Biogenesis and Neuronal Loss Prevention in Rat Hippocampus Promoted by Apigenin? (ac.ir)
Apigenin prevents neurodegeneration in rat hippocampus. (ac.ir)
earns more insightful clues about the activity of apigenin in the prevention of the rat hippocampus neuronal loss caused by the Aβ25-35 injection. (ac.ir)
The results indicated that Tau supplement markedly ameliorates As-induced apoptosis by mitochondria-related pathway in mouse hippocampus. (springer.com)
Neural cell proliferation and survival in the hippocampus of adult CaV 2.1 calcium ion channel mutant mice. (tamu.edu)
Chronic neonatal nicotine exposure increases excitation in the young adult rat hippocampus in a sex-dependent manner. (tamu.edu)
Directly Converted Human Fibroblasts Mature to Neurons and Show Long-Term Survival in Adult Rodent Hippocampus. (lu.se)

We applied this method to computationally combine confocal-scale (~ 200 nm) data of RyR clusters with 3D electron microscopy data (~ 30 nm) of myofibrils and mitochondria, both collected from adult rat left ventricular myocytes. (pubchase.com)

Braun RJ (2012) Mitochondrion-mediated cell death: dissecting yeast apoptosis for a better understanding of neurodegeneration. (springer.com)
Das J, Ghosh J, Manna P, Sil PC (2010) Protective role of Tau against arsenic-induced mitochondria-dependent hepatic apoptosis via the inhibition of PKCdelta-JNK pathway. (springer.com)
Many cells in the adrenal glands of CUMS-exposed rats showed deeply stained nuclei, indicating that they underwent apoptosis that was confirmed by caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining. (scite.ai)
Mitochondria comprise the main center for energy transfer between intracellular and extracellular compartments and play important roles in the maintenance of cell function and in apoptosis [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Alpha-tocopherol beta-oxidation localized to rat liver mitochondria. (oregonstate.edu)
Genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 4F2, vitamin E level and histological response in adults and children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease who participated in PIVENS and TONIC clinical trials. (oregonstate.edu)
A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, [17] whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. (wikipedia.org)
10 Kennedy E.P., Lehninger A.L. Oxidation of fatty acids and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates by isolated rat liver mitochondria. (thieme-connect.de)
V. Further studies on the distribution of cytochrome C in rat liver homogenates. (thieme-connect.de)
Our previous rat studies have shown that UFP can translocate to interstitial sites in the respiratory tract as well as to extrapul- monary organs such as liver within 4 to 24 h postexposure. (cdc.gov)

Kadeyala PK, Sannadi S, Gottipolu RR (2013) Alterations in apoptotic caspases and antioxidant enzymes in arsenic exposed rat brain regions: reversal effect of essential metals and a chelating agent. (springer.com)

The objective of the present study is to investigate the modulation of antioxidant defence status in neonatal persistent hypothyroid rats before their sexual maturation and also to identify the specific testicular cell populations vulnerable to degeneration during neonatal hypothyroidism in immature rats. (hindawi.com)
2002. The effects of atrazine on the sexual maturation of female rats. (cdc.gov)

An altered antioxidant defence system marked by elevated SOD, CAT, and GR activities, with decreased GPx and GST activities were observed along with increased protein carbonylation, disturbed redox status in hypothyroid immature rat testis. (hindawi.com)
This compromised testicular antioxidant status might have contributed to poor growth and development by affecting the spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in rats before puberty as indicated by reduced germ cell number, complete absence of round spermatids, decreased seminiferous tubule diameter, and decreased testosterone level. (hindawi.com)
However, information about the role of deprivation of thyroid hormone in early developmental growth and function of testis in relation to antioxidant status in immature rats is inadequate. (hindawi.com)
In our earlier studies, it was reported that transient hypothyroidism (from day 1 of neonatal age till day 30) modulated testicular antioxidant defence status as well as functions in adult stage [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, the possible therapeutic value of melatonin as an antioxidant targeting mitochondria in atherosclerosis is worth exploring. (eurekaselect.com)
Elamipretide (SS-31) is a novel mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings indicate that LPS-induced memory impairment can be attenuated by the mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant elamipretide. (biomedcentral.com)

Isolated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were saponin-permeabilised and incubated with each peptide. (whiterose.ac.uk)
In addition, the research showed infrared activates the heart cells, called cardiomyocytes, by triggering the movement of calcium ions in and out of mitochondria, the organelles or components within cells that convert sugar into usable energy. (sciencedaily.com)
The heart cells in the study were newborn rat heart muscle cells called cardiomyocytes, which make the heart pump. (sciencedaily.com)
Cardiomyocytes require large numbers of healthy-functioning mitochondria to ensure sufficient ATP production for contractile function and cell survival. (oncotarget.com)
Examination of the Effects of Heterogeneous Organization of RyR Clusters, Myofibrils and Mitochondria on Ca2+ Release Patterns in Cardiomyocytes. (pubchase.com)
Finally, using our unique method for generating RyR cluster distributions, we demonstrate the robustness in the [Ca2+]i transient to differences in RyR cluster distributions measured between rat and human cardiomyocytes. (pubchase.com)

The association of huntingtin with the cytoplasmic surface of a variety of organelles, including transport vesicles, synaptic vesicles, microtubules, and mitochondria, raises the possibility of the occurrence of normal cellular interactions that might be relevant to neurodegeneration. (medscape.com)

First, to test the hypothesis that a common pathophysiologic mechanism involving impairment of mitochondria function and, consequently, axonal transport underlies both genetic optic nerve diseases such as Leber's and acquired toxic and nutritional deficiency optic neuropathies. (nih.gov)

Since glycine is the production of sarcosine dehydrogenase catalyzed reaction, aside from sarcosine metabolism, the enzyme is also indirectly connected to the creatine cycle and the respiratory chain in the mitochondria (See figure 4 for pathway). (wikipedia.org)

Inherited tertiary hypothyroidism in Sprague-Dawley rats. (tamu.edu)

Increased vacuolization and swelling of mitochondria were noted in the higher concentration treated groups as well. (cdc.gov)
The other changes include: condensation of nuclei, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum, breakdown and disappearance of crista in mitochondria and vacuolization of cytoplasm in the purkinje cells of cerebellum. (scialert.net)

11 Nicholls D.G. Calcium transport and proton electrochemical potential gradient in mitochondria from guinea-pig cerebral cortex and rat heart. (thieme-connect.de)
During the second week of lead feedings, respiration with NAD-linked substrates is inhibited in cerebellar mitochondria, but not in cerebral mitochondria, from these animals. (nih.gov)
3. cerebellar mitochondria from animals fed lead from 14 days of age contain much more lead than cerebral mitochondria from these animals and cerebellar mitochondria from lead-fed adults. (nih.gov)

Alpha-tocopherol regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450s and ABC transporters in rats. (oregonstate.edu)
2011. α-Tocopherol injections in rats up-regulate hepatic ABC transporters, but not cytochrome P450 enzymes. . (oregonstate.edu)

The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism , tissue , and cell type. (wikipedia.org)
After 120 days all rats were killed and their tissue samples from Cerebellum were removed and prepared for electron microscopic studies. (scialert.net)

Expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondria-associated adenylate kinase, and several mitochondria-associated creatine kinase isozymes was highest in the outer retina, whereas expression of cytosolic adenylate kinase and brain creatine kinase was higher in the cones, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells indicating the diversity of ATP-buffering strategies among retinal neurons. (molvis.org)
While this challenge may be met through certain compensatory mechanisms (such as in the size, shape, or number of the mitochondria), there exists in neurons a threshold which, once passed, leads to catastrophic changes. (nih.gov)
Neurons are singularly dependent on the axonal transport of mitochondria. (nih.gov)
GFAP-expressing radial glia-like cell bodies are involved in a one-to-one relationship with doublecortin-immunolabeled newborn neurons in the adult dentate gyrus. (tamu.edu)
Huntington disease (HD) is an incurable, adult-onset, autosomal dominant inherited disorder associated with cell loss within a specific subset of neurons in the basal ganglia and cortex. (medscape.com)

Using spatial point process statistics techniques we developed a novel method to simulate the spatial distribution of RyR clusters, which act as the major mediators of contractile Ca2+ release, upon a physiologically-realistic cellular landscape composed of tightly-packed mitochondria and myofibrils. (pubchase.com)
Also, thin cross sections of ventricular cells revealed pleomorphic mitochondria with partially disrupted cristae, partial disruption of the myofibrils, and deposited toxic materials. (who.int)

Thyroid deficiency can impair hippocampal neurogenesis, differentiation, and maturation in developmental and adult rat brains, suggesting a similar mechanism in humans. (medscape.com)

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Albino rats were divided into three groups: control, flavored, and unflavored. (who.int)

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of immobilization stress on the adrenal cortex of rats and the ameliorative effect of vitamin E. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male rats were used in this study and were divided equally into 4 groups. (scite.ai)
To address this issue, we evaluated behavioral responses, assessed neuronal function and integrity, and conducted a comprehensive analysis of mitochondria-related parameters in selected brain regions of aged (24 months old) male rats supplemented with testosterone propionate (TP). (aging-us.com)
Twelve adult male animals were used, divided into two groups: control and treated. (bvsalud.org)

It is widely accepted that mitochondria have a direct impact on neuronal function and survival. (biomedcentral.com)

RESULTS: The ventricular tissues of waterpipe exposed rats showed some degree of separation between cardiac muscle fibers, infiltration of lymphocytes, and congestion of blood vessel. (who.int)

Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy . (wikipedia.org)

The method of CRC measurement is based on sequential additions of small portions of calcium that are accumulated by mitochondria, till the moment when the critical concentration required for the pore opening is reached and all accumulated calcium is released. (mitophysiology.org)
The infrared radiation affects the flow of calcium ions in and out of mitochondria -- something shown by the companion study in neonatal rat heart cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The heart cell study found that an infrared pulse lasting a mere one-5,000th of a second made mitochondria rapidly suck up calcium ions within a cell, then slowly release them back into the cell -- a cycle that makes the cell contract. (sciencedaily.com)

[ 4 ] One survey found the prevalence of hypothyroidism to be 1.4% in adult females and 0.1% in adult males. (medscape.com)

The study examined the expression of Neuroglobin (Ngb) and Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (Hif-1α) in adult and young yak brain tissues, and provided researchers with meaningful insight into the anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of this mammal. (scielo.br)
Multiple roles in the brain tissues of the adult and young yaks are involved in the expression and distribution and are proposed to play a significant role in the adaptation of the yak to the high altitude environment. (scielo.br)
Increased clusterin expression in old but not young adult S100B transgenic mice: evidence of neuropathological aging in a model of Down Syndrome. (tamu.edu)

Horstmann P.F., Raina D.B. , Isaksson H., Hettwer W., Lidgren L., PetersenM.M., Tägil M. Composite Biomaterial as a Carrier for Bone-Active Substances for Metaphyseal Tibial Bone Defect Reconstruction in Rats. (lu.se)

The concept of the early life developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) in adults has stimulated a new approach to understanding disease trajectories, with major public health implications. (researchgate.net)

Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells ). (wikipedia.org)

Early in the course of lead feedings begun at 14 days of age, isolated cerebellar mitochondria show a loss of respiratory control. (nih.gov)

Optic nerves and other tissues obtained from these rats were analyzed and compared with those from the Cuban patients. (nih.gov)
0.05) expressed in the cerebellar cortex, piriform lobe, medulla, and corpus callosum of the adult yak while in the young yak brain tissues, the protein expressions were significantly found in the white matter of the cerebellum, pineal gland, corpus callosum, and cerebellar cortex. (scielo.br)
The findings documented that Ngb and Hif-1α are commonly expressed in various adult and young yak brain tissues. (scielo.br)

However, various subsequent studies revealed that thyroid hormone plays a key role in rat testis development [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

The uterine epithelium of adult mice was evaluated morphometrically and ultrastructurally following organochlorine pesticide exposure to ascertain whether induced alterations in this lining might compromise future implantations. (cdc.gov)
Adult female CD-1-mice were exposed via oral gavage to either sesame-oil, estradiol-17beta, or 50% methoxychlor (72435) (MXC) for 4 weeks. (cdc.gov)
The authors conclude that a 4 week exposure of adult female mice to 50% MXC caused significant estrogenic and toxic effects on the uterine epithelium. (cdc.gov)
They resemble the cytoplasmic droplets produced in the proximal tubules of adult rats and mice by the administration of proteins. (rupress.org)
The large round bodies disappear from the proximal tubules of infant mice during the first week after birth, but the concentric lamellar structures may be found in adult mice. (rupress.org)
Fixed-frozen retinas from adult C57BL/6N mice were used for immunohistochemistry, laser scanning confocal microscopy, and enzymatic histochemistry. (molvis.org)

The aim of this study was to investigate ultrastructural changes of Cerebellum in 3mT electromagnetic field exposed rats. (scialert.net)

[20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
According to this hypothesis, ATP depletion below a certain threshold leads to a blockage of orthograde axonal transport of mitochondria, which, in turn, leads to total ATP depletion and subsequent cell death. (nih.gov)

Spatiotemporal profile of dendritic outgrowth from newly born granule cells in the adult rat dentate gyrus. (tamu.edu)

Riha, R.L. Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. (eurekaselect.com)

2017. A miRNA signature for an environmental heterocyclic amine defined by a multi-organ carcinogenicity bioassay in the rat. . (oregonstate.edu)

Fetal type Leydig cells disappear soon after birth (during first 2 weeks after birth) and are replaced by adult type Leydig cells [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
[1] pl. mitochondria ) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes , such as animals , plants and fungi . (wikipedia.org)
Hypertrophied uterine lining cells were noted in the rats exposed to the higher levels of 2.5 and 5.0mg. (cdc.gov)
Basal striations develop in proximal and distal tubules as an alignment of mitochondria, the result of what appears to be progressive interlocking of adjacent fluted cells. (rupress.org)
Scientists have used invisible infrared light to make rat heart cells contract and toadfish inner-ear cells send signals to the brain. (sciencedaily.com)
He believes the inner-ear hair cells are activated by infrared radiation because "they are full of mitochondria, which are a primary target of this wavelength. (sciencedaily.com)
Immortalized cells from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus express functional melatonin receptors. (tamu.edu)

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether postnatal hyperoxia exposure in rats could recapitulate the skeletal and metabolic phenotype of premature birth, and to characterize the subcellular metabolic changes associated with postnatal hyperoxia exposure, with a secondary aim to evaluate sex differences in this model. (frontiersin.org)
2 Conforti A., Bellavite P., Bertani S., Chiaroti F., Menniti-Ippolito F., Raschetti R. Rat models of acute inflammation: a randomized controlled study on the effects of homeopathic remedies. (thieme-connect.de)
Another study in 29 adults with high blood pressure found that taking 300 mg of GSE daily lowered systolic blood pressure by 5.6% and diastolic blood pressure by 4.7% after 6 weeks. (healthline.com)
In another study , 61 healthy adults saw a 13.9% reduction in oxidized LDL after taking 400 mg of GSE. (healthline.com)
Light and electron microscopic study on the effect of immobilization stress on adrenal cortex of adult rats and possible ameliorative role of vitamin E. (scite.ai)
Total 30 adult female Wister rats with 3 months of age and weighing 210±10.6 g were used in this study. (scialert.net)

[22] A mitochondrion contains outer and inner membranes composed of phospholipid bilayers and proteins . (wikipedia.org)

In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)

Mitochondria are commonly between 0.75 and 3 μm 2 in cross section, [9] but vary considerably in size and structure. (wikipedia.org)

A large number of unicellular organisms , such as microsporidia , parabasalids and diplomonads , have reduced or transformed their mitochondria into other structures . (wikipedia.org)
The large round bodies in the proximal tubules consist of an amorphous material and contain concentrically lamellar structures and mitochondria. (rupress.org)

Studies on rat brain mitochondria show minimal effects. (medscape.com)

To understand the burden of asthma among young people in the greater Chicago (Cook County) area, we mapped crude rates of asthma inpatient hospitalizations among children, adolescents, and young adults aged 0 to 19 years, by zip code, in Cook County, Illinois, during 20112014. (cdc.gov)

Measurements from rats suggest well-preserved brain iodothyronine homeostasis despite high thyroid hormone levels. (medscape.com)
They are also present in many adult organs and in brain and endocrine neoplasms. (lookformedical.com)

The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase coined by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 article of the same name. (wikipedia.org)
Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Rats exposed for 4 weeks to 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0mg displayed no significant differences in uterine epithelial cell height when compared to sesame-oil controls. (cdc.gov)

Most vertebrates are unable to grow and reach their normal adult form without the thyroid hormone [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Despite the mounting evidence of both skeletal muscle and glucose handling impairments after premature birth, the specific skeletal muscle metabolic alterations underlying these physiologic changes in preterm born adults have not been well-identified. (frontiersin.org)
It may be deduced that there were serious morphological alterations in the palatal mucosa of rats subject to an alcoholic diet. (bvsalud.org)

The control group was given rat pellets and distilled water. (springeropen.com)
Adult females were fed a control or WSD prior to and during pregnancy through lactation, and offspring subsequently weaned to a control or WSD. (diabetesjournals.org)

These differences were not present in female rats with the same postnatal hyperoxia exposure. (frontiersin.org)

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