• Remote randomization was used, stratified by site and with minimization for seven known confounders. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Study Design and Setting: We carried out a simulation study to compare the balance obtained with BB, minimization, unrestricted randomization, and matching for four to 20 clusters and one to five categorical prognostic factors at cluster level. (han.nl)
  • Results: BB resulted in a better balance than randomization in 13-100% of the situations, in 0-61% for minimization, and in 0-88% for matching. (han.nl)
  • Conclusion: BB results in a better balance of prognostic factors than randomization, minimization, stratification, and matching in most situations. (han.nl)
  • The problem with this method is that the number of lists increases exponentially with the number of stratification factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • In use, minimisation often maintains a better balance than traditional blocked randomisation, and its advantage rapidly increases with the number of stratification factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Randomisation was based on a minimisation routine, and country was used as a stratification factor. (lu.se)
  • The traditional method to avoid this problem, known as blocked randomisation, is to stratify patients according to a number of factors (e.g. male and female, or smokers and non-smokers) and to use a separate randomisation list for each group. (wikipedia.org)
  • Randomisation was done centrally with a computer-generated sequential minimisation method and was stratified by centre. (nih.gov)
  • Randomisation was done by use of a central web-based system and was stratified by general practice with minimisation for sex, baseline systolic blood pressure, and presence or absence of diabetes or chronic kidney disease. (soton.ac.uk)
  • with centralized randomisation (minimisation) to ensure allocation concealment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Minimisation is a method of adaptive stratified sampling that is used in clinical trials, as described by Pocock and Simon. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2002) The method of minimization for allocation to clinical trials A review. (scirp.org)
  • Controlled Clinical Trials, 23, 662-674. (scirp.org)
  • MinimPy can easily be modified to fit special needs of clinical trials and in particular change it to a pure web application, though it currently supports network syncing of data in multi-center trials using network repositories. (scirp.org)
  • This course provides an introduction to the design and analysis of clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and methods for the analysis of biostatistical data. (edu.au)
  • The approaches used to treat childhood TB have relied on extrapolation to children of the evidence from clinical trials in adults who have a different spectrum of TB disease and lower bacillary burden [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other clinical trials have shown better survival and tumour response with gemcitabine and capecitabine than with gemcitabine alone in advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, the therapeutic strategy against IPF has shifted from corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants to antifibrotic agents, as reported in recent clinical trials 5 , 6 . (ersjournals.com)
  • SHINE is a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority, randomised controlled, two-arm trial comparing a 4-month vs the standard 6-month regimen using revised WHO paediatric anti-tuberculosis drug doses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: CircCOVID was a prospective multicentre cohort substudy designed to investigate the effects of circadian disruption and sleep disturbance on recovery after COVID-19 in a cohort of participants aged 18 years or older, admitted to hospital for COVID-19 in the UK, and discharged between March, 2020, and October, 2021. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • DANTE is a multicentre, randomised, phase III, non-inferiority trial to evaluate the duration of anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with metastatic (unresectable stage III and stage IV) melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised phase III clinical trial was conducted in Japanese patients with well-defined IPF to determine the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone, a novel antifibrotic oral agent, over 52 weeks. (ersjournals.com)
  • Method: A multicentre Zm-STARSS RCT enrolled consented adult vaccinees or parents or guardians of children receiving vaccines, including COVID-19 vaccines, at study vaccination clinics. (preprints.org)
  • ABSTRACT: Current minimization programs do not permit full control over different aspects of minimization algorithm such as distance or probability measures and may not allow for unequal allocation ratios. (scirp.org)
  • The coupling of the spectral method with the asymptotic numerical method is considered as an efficient algorithm to solve any nonlinear differential equations. (wiley.com)
  • They are allocated through a minimization algorithm in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive either 13 HVLA-SM treatments over 6 weeks, 13 LVVA-SM treatments over 6 weeks or 2 weeks of a sham treatment followed by 4 weeks of full spine "doctor's choice" SM. (cdc.gov)
  • Time-to-event data were analysed using a Cox proportional-hazards regression model and adjusted for minimisation variables. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This method will be compared with other allocation methods. (han.nl)
  • This trial will attempt to address unresolved issues in the literature, namely, long term persistence of effect, the importance of sequential visits in an outreach program, and cost issues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 3 With this method the group allocation does not rely solely on chance but is designed to reduce any difference in the distribution of known or suspected determinants of outcome, so that any effect can be attributed to the treatment under test. (bmj.com)
  • Data syncing is provided to facilitate minimization of multicenter trial over the network. (scirp.org)
  • MinimPy supports naive and biased coin minimization together with various new and classic distance measures. (scirp.org)
  • Unlike other synchronization methods, this unified criterion can be used to build an all-in-one synchronizer with high accuracy. (overleaf.com)
  • She said the impact of cashless gambling depends on how harm minimisation measures are implemented and whether they are offered along with traditional payment methods. (innovationaus.com)
  • I support this digital proposal as it is linked to identity, a bank account, and with harm minimisation settings. (innovationaus.com)
  • This trial provides no reliable evidence of benefit or harm and a larger trial would be needed to establish safety and effectiveness. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A systematic review of randomised trials of BB2 antagonists in TBI patients found three small trials with a total of 178 participants and provided no reliable evidence of either benefit or harm. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of minimisation is to minimise the imbalance between the number of patients in each treatment group over a number of factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Minimisation addresses this problem by calculating the imbalance within each factor should the patient be allocated to a particular treatment group. (wikipedia.org)
  • In cluster-controlled trials, imbalance can easily occur by chance when the number of cluster is small. (han.nl)
  • This study was a non-blinded, cluster randomised trial of the healthy eating and lifestyle in pregnancy (HELP) intervention, with a concurrent process and health economic evaluation. (nature.com)
  • In this parallel-group randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 319 IWD of mild to moderate severity, living in care facilities, aged ≥ 65 years, and being able to walk at least 10 m. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering the Waste the Waist intervention in UK primary care and of conducting a full-scale randomised controlled trial. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The feasibility of this method is proven using a theoretical analysis and supported by sea trial measurement data. (overleaf.com)
  • Discussion: Co-designed with the UK CF community, the ExACT-CF pilot trial is the first multi-centre RCT to test the feasibility of recruiting pwCF stable on ETI into a trial investigating ExACT. (archive.org)
  • This pilot trial will inform the feasibility, design, management, likely external validity for progression to a main phase randomised controlled trial. (archive.org)
  • The Zimbabwe stimulated telephone assisted rapid safety surveillance (Zm-STARSS) randomized controlled trial (RCT) sought to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of AEFI detection using a short message service (SMS) and computer assisted telephone interview (CATI) approach. (preprints.org)
  • Abstract Introduction: The mHealth active participant centred (MAPC) adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) surveillance is a promising area for early AEFI detection resulting in risk minimisation. (preprints.org)
  • In a recent publication from a long-term follow-up of a large trial of intensified insulin therapy in T1D, while 54% of participants reported no severe hypoglycaemia (defined as coma or seizure) over 32 years, 8% reported more than five events 17 . (nature.com)
  • An RCT's primary objective is the minimization of biases, such as selection or allocation biases, by randomizing participants into the study groups in an unbiased fashion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Methods/design: A total of 219 participants with acute, subacute or chronic low back pain are being recruited from the Quad Cities area located in Iowa and Illinois. (cdc.gov)
  • The methods included nine weeks of participant observations in two study villages, nine focus group discussions with primary caregivers and heads of households (11-12 participants each), and nine key informant interviews with stakeholders and study team members. (cdc.gov)
  • Cost-minimization analysis was undertaken. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methods: this randomised controlled trial was undertaken in 24 general practices in the UK. (soton.ac.uk)
  • Our objective was to refine an existing retrospective survey for 'real-time' feedback.Methods Co-led by a parent representative, we recruited a convenience sample of parents of infants in a London tertiary neonatal unit. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • The objective of this analysis was to assess a cost-minimization analysis of iFR-guided compared with FFR-guided revascularization. (lu.se)
  • THRACE is a randomised controlled trial done in 26 centres in France. (nih.gov)
  • At 13 neurosurgical centres in the UK, between November, 2000, and December, 2006, patients with Parkinson's disease that was not adequately controlled by medical therapy were randomly assigned by use of a computerised minimisation procedure to immediate surgery (lesioning or deep brain stimulation at the discretion of the local clinician) and best medical therapy or to best medical therapy alone. (nih.gov)
  • The trial was done in seven sites in South Africa and Tanzania, induding hospitals, health centres, and clinical trial centres. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • To explore the hypothesis that unhelpful health beliefs create barriers to regaining awareness, we conducted a multi-centre, randomised, parallel, two-arm trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02940873) in adults with T1D and treatment-resistant IAH and severe hypoglycaemia, with blinded analysis of 12-month recall of severe hypoglycaemia at 12 and/or 24 months the primary outcome. (nature.com)
  • We describe a multi-centre randomized controlled trial to test whether these patients can be followed up by their general practitioner (GP) without altering quality of life, cost effectiveness and/or the incidence of serious clinical events. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our adaptive trial design was successfully implemented in a multi-centre, high tuberculosis burden setting, and could speed regimen development at reduced cost. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Methods: Multi-centre, two-arm, randomised (1:1 allocation using minimisation), pilot trial at two sites. (archive.org)
  • Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN25260464. (nature.com)
  • Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN10707899 . (biomedcentral.com)
  • This trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials, number ISRCTN34111222. (nih.gov)
  • The validation of the proposed approach is made by comparison between the obtained results and those calculated using a finite element method or Ansys commercial code. (wiley.com)
  • Results: The cost-minimization analysis demonstrated a cost saving per patient of $681 (95% CI: $641 - $723) in the Nordic setting and $1024 (95% CI: $934 - $1114) in the US setting, when using iFR-guided compared with FFR-guided revascularization. (lu.se)
  • Two randomized trials using statin drugs to reduce calcium scores showed disappointing results. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Psychological interventions for use in type 2 diabetes have been systematically reviewed and pooled trial results suggest they reduce HbA1c by a clinically significant 1% [10]. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • The iFR-SWEDEHEART trial demonstrated similar clinical outcomes when using instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or fractional flow reserve (FFR) to guide revascularization. (lu.se)
  • This trial incorporates educational and psychological diabetes interventions into a single programme and assesses both clinical and psychosocial outcomes. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • The trial will increase our understanding of intervention transferability between conditions, those diabetes related health behaviours that are more or less susceptible to change through efficacy enhancing mechanisms and how this impacts on clinical outcomes. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • Secondary outcomes were failure rates, patient satisfaction , and cost -minimization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of brief guided parent-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and solution-focused brief therapy for treatment of childhood anxiety disorders: a randomised controlled trial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The PD SURG trial is an ongoing randomised, open-label trial. (nih.gov)
  • This paper presents a new entropy minimization criterion and corresponding algorithms that are used for both symbol timing and carrier frequency recovery for underwater acoustic receivers. (overleaf.com)
  • The central part of the book is dedicated to MATLABs Optimization Toolbox, which implements state-of-the-art algorithms for solving multiobjective problems, non-linear minimization with boundary conditions and restrictions, minimax optimization, semi-infinitely constrained minimization and linear and quadratic programming. (oreilly.com)
  • There is a wide range of such strategies but limited evidence to assess their comparative effectiveness, as there are few head-to-head trials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN17585681. (soton.ac.uk)
  • On a clinical research level and for pertinent research questions, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) undoubtedly offer the highest level of evidence compared to other study designs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the present study, we designed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to clarify the effect of decompressive craniectomy in severe traumatic brain injury patients with mass lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The CLOTS 3 trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Following an open-label phase II pioneer study 7 and an open-label 1-yr study in Japan 9 , a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of pirfenidone in Japanese patients with IPF demonstrated a lesser decline of vital capacity (VC) in patients receiving pirfenidone for 9 months 15 . (ersjournals.com)
  • This trial did not reach the planned sample size of 400 patients and consequently, the study power to detect an increase in the risk of serious adverse events was reduced. (biomedcentral.com)
  • If all clusters are known at the start of the study, the "best balance" allocation method (BB) can be used to obtain optimal balance. (han.nl)
  • Effect of spinal manipulation on sensorimotor functions in back pain patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study in three tertiary NICUs, from May 1, 2017 until July 31, 2019. (cdc.gov)
  • DMID 01-009/Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 22 Teams. (cdc.gov)
  • This trial was registered with the EudraCT, number 2007-004299-38, and ISRCTN, number ISRCTN96397434. (lu.se)
  • This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). (ox.ac.uk)
  • But the trial has been given the go-ahead before compelling research on the impact of digital payments on gambling and problem gamblers, meaning the design of the trial itself is crucial, a senior academic has warned. (innovationaus.com)
  • University of Sydney Associate Professor Dr Sally Gainsbury said the design of the NSW trial would be critical to ensuring it is robust and able to shed more light on an area which has seen little academic research. (innovationaus.com)
  • Methods We did a randomised controlled, open-label trial with a multi-arm, multi-stage design. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The CheckMate 067 trial compared ipilimumab combined with nivolumab for 12 weeks followed by nivolumab maintenance with nivolumab alone and with ipilimumab only and demonstrated 5 year overall survival of 52% for combined therapy, 44% for nivolumab monotherapy and 26% for ipilimumab after minimum follow up of 60 months [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stability, survival, patient satisfaction, and cost-minimization of CAD/CAM versus conventional multistranded fixed retainers in orthodontic patients: a 2-year follow-up of a two-centre randomized controlled trial. (bvsalud.org)
  • Background: The ESPAC-3 trial showed that adjuvant gemcitabine is the standard of care based on similar survival to and less toxicity than adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. (lu.se)
  • Survival and patient reported quality of life have been published previously, revealing no significant differences between the trial arms. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Systematic reviews of small randomized trials of intermittent pneumatic compression have shown that this reduces the risk of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing surgery, but that there are few data concerning its use after stroke. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Children aged 5-12 years referred for anxiety difficulties were randomly allocated (1:1), via a secure online minimisation tool, to receive brief guided parent-delivered CBT or solution-focused brief therapy, with minimisation for age, sex, anxiety severity, and level of parental anxiety. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Trials in adults with smear-negative tuberculosis suggest that treatment can be effectively shortened from 6 to 4 months. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although recent trials of TB treatment-shortening in adults with sputum-positivity have not been successful, the question has never been addressed in children, who have mainly paucibacillary, non-severe smear-negative disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We will carry out a parallel, open, superiority, randomized trial directed to primary care physicians. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Physicians will be recruited and allocated at a cluster-level (primary care unit) by minimization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, primary studies are too diverse and heterogeneous to allow for more robust methods of indirect comparison. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The trial has 90% power to detect a 4% absolute difference in risk of the primary outcome and includes a health economic analysis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: We did this randomised controlled trial at four National Health Service primary child and mental health services in Oxfordshire, UK. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To view changes that have been made to the source record, or for additional information about this trial, click on the URL below to go to the source record in the primary register. (who.int)
  • Suggestive of early response, we hypothesised that continuing anti-PD-1 treatment beyond 1 year in progression-free patients may be unnecessary and so designed the DANTE trial. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clinical Trial Registry-India, registration number: CTRI/2017/07/009119, 27 July 2017. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DRKS00010538 (German Clinical Trial Register, date of registration: 01 June 2016, retrospectively registered, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Note: This record shows only 22 elements of the WHO Trial Registration Data Set. (who.int)
  • Trial registration: This trial is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov , with the ID number of NCT00830596, registered on January 27, 2009. (cdc.gov)
  • Trial registrationTrial registration number is NCT04622241. (cdc.gov)
  • Due to a wide range of follow-up programmes and paucity of randomized trials, it is impossible to draw conclusions about the best combination and frequency of clinic (or family practice) visits, blood tests, endoscopic procedures and radiological examinations that maximize the clinical outcome, quality of life and costs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When published a randomised trial typically includes a table listing all the prior factors known actually or possibly to influence outcome. (bmj.com)
  • This may seem to be less of a risk in a very big trial, because we can expect things to even out, but big trials are done to seek small differences, and even a small difference in other determinants of outcome may be important. (bmj.com)
  • Pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) with embedded cost-effectiveness analysis. (nature.com)
  • A positive result from this trial could simplify and shorten treatment, improve adherence and be cost-saving for many children with TB. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Methods: In this cost-minimization analysis we used a decision-tree model from a healthcare perspective with a time-horizon of one year to estimate the cost difference between iFR and FFR in a Nordic setting and a United States (US) setting. (lu.se)
  • Unit cost of intravenous adenosine administration and cost per stent placed were based on the average costs from the enrolled centers in the iFR-SWEDEHEART trial. (lu.se)
  • Cost-minimization analysis showed that CAD/CAM FRs were slightly cheaper than conventional FRs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Methods: A cost minimization analysis of a 3-month, partially blinded, randomized, controlled efficacy and safety trial of anticoagulant therapy for deep vein thrombosis. (wustl.edu)
  • Estimated 1997 total cost from a third-party payer perspective for the 3-month episode of care was calculated by assigning standard unit costs to counts of medical resources used by each patient in the clinical trial. (wustl.edu)
  • We performed a cost-minimization analysis to compare the cost of biomarker analysis for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status with immunohistochemistry versus STRAT4. (bvsalud.org)
  • DANTE is a unique prospective trial investigating the optimal duration of anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic melanoma patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In a small clinical trial a large treatment effect is being sought, but a large difference in one or more of the prognostic factors can occur purely by chance. (bmj.com)
  • Furthermore, BB cannot result in a worse balance of prognostic factors than the other methods. (han.nl)
  • Treatment pathways and health care utilizations were constructed from the iFR-SWEDEHEART trial. (lu.se)
  • Follow-up of patients recruited to the first trials evaluating 2 years of pembrolizumab showed that three-quarters of responding patients continue responding after stopping treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Toxicity was analysed in all patients who received trial treatment. (lu.se)
  • No treatment-related or trial-related adverse events were reported in either group. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: Qualitative research was conducted between January to June 2021, before and during the installation of four types of housing modifications. (cdc.gov)
  • more complex trial designs, crossover slinical trials and bioequivalence trials. (edu.au)
  • The effectiveness of the interventions in promoting adherence to standard precautions by radiology porters when transporting infectious patients was evaluated using a randomised crossover trial at a teaching hospital in Australia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Disclaimer: Trials posted on this search portal are not endorsed by WHO, but are provided as a service to our users. (who.int)
  • The set of spectra contain samples ranging from strong to weak spectra, and the proposed multiple- scale method is shown to be much better on weak spectra than the industry standard method and a human operator, and equal in performance to these on strong and medium strong spectra. (lu.se)
  • In this work, we present a fast method for the optimization of a silicon single-axis electromagnetic torsional micromirror. (mdpi.com)
  • Get full access to MATLAB Optimization Techniques and 60K+ other titles, with a free 10-day trial of O'Reilly. (oreilly.com)
  • A wide range of exercises and examples are included, illustrating the most widely used optimization methods. (oreilly.com)
  • In a two-group cluster randomized controlled trial, GP practices are allocated by computer minimisation to an intervention group or a six-month deferred intervention group. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • In this trial, 336 patients with traumatic mass lesions will be randomly allocated to a therapeutic decompressive craniectomy group or a prophylactic decompressive craniectomy group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) "A Review of Minimization: Methods and Practical Concerns" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • Various AI methods, electronic medical records, and ethical/security concerns. (mcgill.ca)
  • The way to avoid this is by minimisation‐not a well known technique‐first described by Taves in 1974 1 and shortly after by Pocock and Simon 2 and Freedman and White. (bmj.com)
  • DISCUSSION: The trial started recruitment in Dec 2008 and will complete recruitment during 2012. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been considered as the highest level of evidence in the pyramid of the evidence-based medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We undertook a review of methodologies on causal inference methods in meta-analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We performed sensitivity analyses by altering laboratory-specific parameters for the two methods. (bvsalud.org)
  • The trial was prematurely terminated by the independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) because of a higher incidence of acute exacerbations in the placebo group than the pirfenidone group. (ersjournals.com)
  • A range of methodologies was used by the participating groups in order to evaluate the ability of the current computational methods to predict the crystal structures of the six organic molecules chosen as targets for this blind test. (iucr.org)
  • Statistical Method to Detect Tuberculosis Outbreaks among Endemic Clusters in a Low-Incidence Setting. (cdc.gov)