Minimal expression vectors. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the present manuscript we have constructed a dual Tet-ON system based on two lentiviral vectors, one expressing the TetR through the spleen focus forming virus (SFFV) promoter (STetR) and a second expressing eGFP through the regulatable CMV-TetO promoter (CTetOE). (nih.gov)
Based on these results we have developed a new all-in-one lentiviral vector (CEST) driving the expression of TetR through the SFFV promoter and the expression of eGFP through the doxycycline-responsive CMV-TetO operon. (nih.gov)
The AAVS1-Targeting Knock-in HR Donor Vector 2.0 AAVS1-SA-puro-EF1α-MCS contains a multiple cloning site (MCS) downstream of the EF1α promoter, enabling constitutive expression of your gene-of-interest from the AAVS1 locus. (reportergene.com)
Vectors designed specifically for the expression of the transgene in the target cell are called expression vectors, and generally have a promoter sequence that drives expression of the transgene. (wikipedia.org)
Viral vectors are genetically engineered viruses carrying modified viral DNA or RNA that has been rendered noninfectious, but still contain viral promoters and also the transgene, thus allowing for translation of the transgene through a viral promoter. (wikipedia.org)
Each candidate enhancer sequence is PCR amplified from genomic DNA, cloned into an expression vector upstream of a minimal promoter driving expression of a reporter gene (e.g., lacZ) and the resulting construct injected into single cell mouse embryos. (yale.edu)
Expression cassettes of all shRNA clones are fully sequenced including the promoter, sense and antisense target sequences, hairpin, terminator, and other linker sequences. (genecopoeia.com)
We explored several strategies for vector development including coat protein (CP) replacement, duplication of the CP subgenomic promoter (SGP) and the creation of a fusion protein using the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide. (biomedcentral.com)
We've already integrated an expression cassette that includes NF-κB-responsive transcriptional elements upstream of a minimal CMV promoter (mCMV)-GFP-luciferase cassette. (systembio.com)
Ectopic expression of PtrABF under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter in transgenic tobacco plants enhanced tolerance to both dehydration and drought. (biomedcentral.com)
The present invention relates to the designing and synthesis of a completely artificial bidirectional expression module that can also be referred to as bidirectional promoter module. (allindianpatents.com)
The latter functions like a minimal promoter. (allindianpatents.com)
The present invention relates to an artificial bidirectional promoter for activation of gene expression in plants. (allindianpatents.com)
A bidirectional promoter module as this, can therefore be used to develop efficient vectors for genetic engineering in plants. (allindianpatents.com)
The initiation of transcription and modulation of gene expression in eukaryotic genes is directed by a variety of DNA sequence elements collectively arranged in a larger sequence called promoter. (allindianpatents.com)
The minimal promoter or core promoter is a minimal stretch of contiguous DNA sequence that is sufficient to direct accurate initiation of transcription by RNA [Pol II machinery, Smale, S. T, genes dev 15, 2503-2508 2001]. (allindianpatents.com)
The activation of the core promoter is done by the additional sequence of regulatory DNA sequence elements to which various proteins bind and subsequently interact with the transcription initiation complex to activate gene expression. (allindianpatents.com)
These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Combining LVs with drug-inducible expression systems should allow tight control of transgene expression with minimal side effect on relevant target cells. (nih.gov)
We have also showed that this dual vector system can generate regulatable bulk cell lines (expressing high levels of TetR) that are able to modulate transgene expression either by varying doxycycline concentration and/or by varying the amount of CTetOE vector genomes per cell. (nih.gov)
Delivering consistent, robust transgene expression, the AAVS1 safe harbor site is a preferred target for gene knock-ins. (reportergene.com)
The vector itself generally carries a DNA sequence that consists of an insert (in this case the transgene) and a larger sequence that serves as the "backbone" of the vector. (wikipedia.org)
Viral vectors are often designed for permanent incorporation of the insert into the host genome, and thus leave distinct genetic markers in the host genome after incorporating the transgene. (wikipedia.org)
To date, adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been the most effective vector for retinal gene delivery because it elicits minimal immune response and can mediate long-term transgene expression in a variety of non-dividing retinal cell types. (molvis.org)
However, one potential barrier to efficacious long-term therapy is the development of immune responses against the vector or transgene product. (ox.ac.uk)
METHODS: We evaluated cellular and humoral responses in mice following both single and repeated subretinal administration of AAV2, and examined their effects on RPE65 and green fluorescent protein transgene expression. (ox.ac.uk)
Repeat administration of low-dose AAV.hRPE65.hRPE65 to both eyes of RPE65(-/-) mice resulted in transgene expression and functional rescue, but re-administration of high-dose AAV2 resulted in boosted NAb titres and variable transgene expression in the second injected eye. (ox.ac.uk)
Low-dose AAV2 is well tolerated in the eye, with minimal immune responses, and transgene expression after repeat administration of vector is achievable. (ox.ac.uk)
We found that CP replacement vectors were unable to move systemically and that vectors with duplicated SGPs (even heterologous SGPs) suffered from significant transgene instability. (biomedcentral.com)
A stable PepMV vector was generated by expressing the transgene as a CP fusion using the sequence encoding the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide to separate them. (biomedcentral.com)

Gene expression analysis indicates that esrra is expressed in developing pharyngeal arches where genes necessary for cartilage development are also expressed. (nature.com)
Loss of function analysis shows that knockdown of esrra impairs expression of genes including sox9, col2a1, sox5, sox6, runx2 and col10a1 thus induces abnormally formed cartilage in pharyngeal arches. (nature.com)
Expression of esrra is colocalised with genes necessary for cartilage development in pharyngeal arches during zebrafish embryogenesis. (nature.com)
Further validation showed that five of ten hub genes were good prognostic biomarkers for melanoma in two independent groups from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. (jcancer.org)
OmicsLink ™ shRNA clone collections include lentiviral and non-viral vector-based shRNA constructs against genome-wide human, mouse and rat genes. (genecopoeia.com)
Vectors with mCherry or eGFP reporter genes for monitoring transfection or transduction efficiencies. (genecopoeia.com)
Validation studies - The OmicsLink™ expression ready ORF cDNA clones together with the same ORF clones that contain silent mutations in shRNA target sequence regions can be used for shRNA validation studies and gene/protein functional rescue studies for genes/proteins targeted by corresponding shRNA. (genecopoeia.com)
Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
Results: Data addressing the function of vectors harbouring genes specifically encoding ricin, saporin, lunasin , linamarase, and tomato thymidine kinase 1 under the control of different promoters are summarised here. (weeksmd.com)
We have generated a novel tool for the expression of recombinant proteins in plants and for the functional analysis of virus and plant genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Wheat plants respond to fungal infection by expression of a whole set of pathogenesis-related genes (PR-genes). (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)
ABA responsive element binding factor (ABF) plays an important role in stress responses via regulating the expression of stress-responsive genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Products of the former group function directly in protecting cells against damage derived from stresses and sustaining cell viability, and the latter is composed of regulatory proteins, such as transcription factors (TFs), protein kinases and protein phosphatases, that are responsible for transducing stress signaling and regulating expression of stress-responsive genes [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
TFs are known as master switch in plant stress response, and genetic transformation of the genes encoding TFs has been suggested as a possible approach for engineering stress tolerance as manipulation of a single TF can alter expression of a wide array of target genes [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Both p53 and AR are transcription factors and can affect the expression of a broad array of genes. (oncotarget.com)
This highly flexible, user-friendly, low-cost, time-efficient method of dsRNA delivery could be broadly applicable to target genes important for insect vector physiology and beyond. (cdc.gov)
With roughly 30,000 genes in mammalian genomes, fection with a vector encoding MyoD (Tapscott et al. (lu.se)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are considered one of the most promising vehicles to efficiently deliver genetic information for basic research and gene therapy approaches. (nih.gov)
Lentiviral and non-viral vector options allow the transfection or transduction of shRNA into difficult-to-transfect cells as well as more conventional cell lines. (genecopoeia.com)

However, vectors may also have elements that allow them to be maintained in another organism such as yeast, plant or mammalian cells, and these vectors are called shuttle vectors. (wikipedia.org)
The pGL4 plasmid is optimized for mammalian codon usage and routinely yields higher luciferase activities than other luciferase expression vectors. (usc.edu)
In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that expression of shRNA in the mammalian brain can lead to lethal toxicity. (shengsci.com)
An invasive Escherichia coli expressing the inv gene from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was used as a vector for protein delivery to mammalian epithelial cells. (shengsci.com)
The infective forms of T cruzi are contained in the feces of the insect vectors and gain entry into its mammalian hosts through contamination. (medscape.com)
This mechanism of transmission contrasts with that of the two subspecies of African trypanosomes that cause human disease, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , which are transmitted via the saliva of their vectors, and with the mechanism by which a nonpathogenic trypanosome found in the Americas, Trypanosoma rangeli , is transmitted to its mammalian hosts. (medscape.com)
The trypomastigote is the infective flagellated form of the parasite found in the blood of the mammalian hosts (blood trypomastigote) and in the hindgut of vectors (metacyclic trypomastigote). (medscape.com)

Subretinal delivery of adeno-associated virus serotype 2 results in minimal immune responses that allow repeat vector administration in immunocompetent mice. (ox.ac.uk)
BACKGROUND: Adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) vectors show considerable promise for ocular gene transfer. (ox.ac.uk)
Surprisingly, intrastriatal injections of adeno-associated virus serotype 2/1 (AAV2/1) vectors expressing different shRNAs, whether targeting torsinA expression or mismatched controls, resulted in significant toxicity with progressive weight loss, motor dysfunction and animal demise. (shengsci.com)

The pLATE bacterial expression vectors are designed for high levels of target protein expression in concert with minimal background (uninduced) expression, which permits expression of proteins that are toxic to E. coli cells. (thermofisher.com)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Plasmid vectors minimalistically consist of an origin of replication that allows for semi-independent replication of the plasmid in the host. (wikipedia.org)
Covalent bond formation at the vector-insert junctions occurs within the cell to yield circular plasmid. (thermofisher.com)
Functional assays by a reporter gene/protein - Alternatively, when the endogenous transcript level of gene of interest is low and/or when qRT-PCR and western blot analysis is not feasible or possible, KD effect can be measured by co-transduction of shRNA clone with an expression clone plasmid which is transcribed into a chimeric mRNA transcript consisting of a reporter gene and the target gene ORF. (genecopoeia.com)
Maize tissues inoculated with A. tumefaciens strains that harbour gusA-containing binary vectors but no Ti-plasmid did not show GUS activity, supporting evidence from previous work that vir gene activity was essential for the observed GUS activity. (psu.edu)
A strain harbouring an agropine-type Ti-plasmid was the most effective for expressing GUS activity in mesocotyl segments, whereas a strain harboring a nopaline-type Ti-plasmid was most effective for expression of GUS activity in the apical meristem-containing segment. (psu.edu)

The four major types of vectors are plasmids, viral vectors, cosmids, and artificial chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Such vectors have bacterial or viral elements which may be transferred to the non-bacterial host organism, however other vectors termed intragenic vectors have also been developed to avoid the transfer of any genetic material from an alien species. (wikipedia.org)
Insertion of a vector into the target cell is usually called transformation for bacterial cells, transfection for eukaryotic cells, although insertion of a viral vector is often called transduction. (wikipedia.org)
However, because viral vectors frequently are lacking infectious sequences, they require helper viruses or packaging lines for large-scale transfection. (wikipedia.org)
For example, retroviruses leave a characteristic retroviral integration pattern after insertion that is detectable and indicates that the viral vector has incorporated into the host genome. (wikipedia.org)
Single-cycle viral gene expression, rather than progressive replication and oncolysis, is required for VSV therapy of B16 melanoma. (shengsci.com)
However, it is difficult to capture the complexity of transcript isoform variance using these libraries, and large cDNA sequences are often difficult to clone into size-limited viral expression vectors. (cdc.gov)

In Cas9 nuclease-mediated genome editing, we constructed an all-in-one vector expressing Cas9 nuclease and seven gRNAs and targeted seven genomic loci. (nature.com)
Once integrated into the frog genome, the 'cut-and-paste' DNA transposons are targets for remobilization by re-expression of the appropriate transposase enzyme. (biomedcentral.com)
The TP4 sequence was first cloned to the pPIC9 vector and then transformed to the Pichia pastoris to integrate into the genome. (jrmds.in)

Plasmids may be used specifically as transcription vectors and such plasmids may lack crucial sequences for protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
Early vectors suffered from limitations such as instability and low yields, but this has been addressed by the genetic modification of vector sequences and by delivering virus vectors into plant cells using Agrobacterium tumefaciens [ 39 , 40 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

shRNA of varying lengths (19 to 29 bases) was designed using a proprietary algorithm to make shRNA expression constructs that have high knockdown efficiency with minimal off-target effect. (genecopoeia.com)
qRT-PCR - Targeting of the corresponding mRNA by a shRNA expression cassette leads to cleavage and degradation of the mRNA and possible subsequent reduction of protein expression. (genecopoeia.com)

Importantly, we identify putative ESRRa binding elements in upstream regions of sox9 to which ESRRa can directly bind, indicating that Esrra may directly regulate sox9 expression. (nature.com)

Minimalist evil eye golden mountains landscape abstract minimal mountain line drawing mystic symbols Drawing. (cue-state-photography.de)

The production of an antibody against the enzyme and the use of expression vectors for constructing cDNA libraries have facilitated the isolation of a cDNA for this kinase. (torvergata.it)
Subcloning and expression of different regions of the cDNA defined a 192 base pair fragment coding for the calmodulin-binding domain of MLCK. (torvergata.it)

however, minimal sequence information is available for the smooth muscle form of the enzyme. (torvergata.it)

In molecular cloning, a vector is any particle (e.g., plasmids, cosmids, Lambda phages) used as a vehicle to artificially carry a foreign nucleic sequence - usually DNA - into another cell, where it can be replicated and/or expressed. (wikipedia.org)
Of these, the most commonly used vectors are plasmids. (wikipedia.org)
The bacteria containing the plasmids can generate millions of copies of the vector within the bacteria in hours, and the amplified vectors can be extracted from the bacteria for further manipulation. (wikipedia.org)
Plasmids used for protein expression, called expression vectors, would include elements for translation of protein, such as a ribosome binding site, start and stop codons. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, the plasmids for the second-step reaction retained the structure of a CRISPR/Cas9 expression vector harboring single gRNA and Cas9 expression cassettes and can therefore be used separately for single gene targeting. (nature.com)
In this study, we constructed plasmids to create all-in-one vectors expressing two to seven gRNAs with Cas9 nuclease or nickase ( Figure 1 ). (nature.com)

The epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi is the multiplying stage of the parasite that grows in the gut of the insect vector and also in cell-free culture medium as shown here. (medscape.com)

To make the most of the multiplexity of CRISPR/Cas9, we established a system for constructing all-in-one expression vectors containing multiple guide RNA expression cassettes and a Cas9 nuclease/nickase expression cassette. (nature.com)
We further demonstrated successful examples of multiple targeting including chromosomal deletions in human cells using the all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 vectors constructed with our novel system. (nature.com)
Here, we report an easy and efficient construction system for all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 vectors expressing Cas9 protein and up to seven gRNAs. (nature.com)

All vectors may be used for cloning and are therefore cloning vectors, but there are also vectors designed specially for cloning, while others may be designed specifically for other purposes, such as transcription and protein expression. (wikipedia.org)
Simpler vectors called transcription vectors are only capable of being transcribed but not translated: they can be replicated in a target cell but not expressed, unlike expression vectors. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription vectors are used to amplify their insert. (wikipedia.org)
The process of gene expression involves two constitutive steps i.e., transcription and translation and leads to the formation of a protein or polypeptide or in some cases RNA with specific functions. (allindianpatents.com)
The process of transcription is the most important regulatory step in the process of gene expression and its regulation. (allindianpatents.com)
Use of this method to target doublesex (a gene involved in sex differentiation) or fork head (which encodes a salivary gland transcription factor) resulted in reduced target gene expression and/or protein immunofluorescence signal, as measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) or fluorescence confocal microscopy, respectively. (cdc.gov)

aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression Kit 1 - pLATE11 vector, untagged protein expression. (thermofisher.com)
aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression Kit 2 (N-terminal His-tag/EK) -pLATE51 vector, N-terminal His-tag protein expression. (thermofisher.com)
aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression Kit 3 (C-terminal His-tag) -pLATE31 vector, C-terminal His-tag protein expression. (thermofisher.com)
aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression Kit 4 (N-terminal His-tag/WQ) -pLATE 52 vector, N-terminal His-tag protein expression, WELQut cleavage. (thermofisher.com)
aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression Set 1 (All-in-One/EK) -pLATE11, pLATE51 and pLATE31 vectors, choice of untagged, N- or C-terminal His-tag protein expression. (thermofisher.com)
Cytokine control of acute phase protein expression. (mcmaster.ca)

RESULTS: Following subretinal administration of vector, splenocytes and T-cells from draining lymph nodes showed minimal activation following stimulation by co-culture with AAV2. (ox.ac.uk)

Heterologous expression revealed that only one mutant forms functional channels, albeit with grossly altered properties, including changes in Ca 2+ blockage and permeation. (jneurosci.org)

To develop a system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of maize (Zea mays L.), we have investigated histochemically the transient expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity in maize seedling tissue segments using binary vectors that allow minimal (pKIWI105 and pCNL1) or undetectable (p35S-GUS-INT and pCNL56) levels of GUS activity in A. tumefaciens. (psu.edu)

Habitual facial expressions can lead to progressive recontouring of the subcutaneous layer, and, hence, coarse wrinkles and deep folds develop. (medscape.com)

The purpose of a vector which transfers genetic information to another cell is typically to isolate, multiply, or express the insert in the target cell. (wikipedia.org)
Expression of GFP (up to 300-fold over background) and luciferase only occurs in the presence of active NF-κB signaling, enabling screening for genetic and/or small molecule inhibitors and activators of the NF-κB signaling pathway. (systembio.com)
2015, ACIP made recommendations for the use of ACAM2000, of foreign genetic material, it is often used as an immunology the only orthopoxvirus vaccine available in the United States at tool and potential vaccine vector. (cdc.gov)

Gene therapy has attracted attention for its potential to specifically and efficiently target cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. (weeksmd.com)

A vector containing foreign DNA is termed recombinant DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Plant viruses are useful expression vectors because they can mount systemic infections allowing large amounts of recombinant protein to be produced rapidly in differentiated plant tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

Under dehydration and drought conditions, the transgenic plants accumulated lower levels of reactive oxygen species compared with wild type, accompanied by higher activities and expression levels of three antioxidant enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)

Common to all engineered vectors are an origin of replication, a multicloning site, and a selectable marker. (wikipedia.org)
In vitro, we observed a significant increase in the DNA-damage marker Î³H2AX and decreased expression of PD-L1, pro-tumorigenic cytokines (interleukin-1ß [IL-1ß], IL-4), and ligand NKG2D after combination treatment compared with monotherapy or control. (bvsalud.org)

The manipulation of DNA is normally conducted on E. coli vectors, which contain elements necessary for their maintenance in E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
Thermo Scientific aLICator™ LIC Cloning and Expression System is designed for fast and efficient ligation independent cloning and tight regulation of gene expression in E. coli . (thermofisher.com)
The tightly regulated expression and fast, efficient directional cloning makes the aLICator LIC Cloning and Expression System the best choice for routine and toxic gene cloning and expression in E. coli . (thermofisher.com)
After annealing, the LIC vector and insert are transformed into competent E. coli cells without the use of T4 DNA ligase. (thermofisher.com)

To streamline and facilitate the process of insert cloning into the expression vector, the aLICator system uses directional LIC cloning technology, a rapid procedure that provides high-cloning efficiencies. (thermofisher.com)
The aLICator LIC cloning system uses directional LIC cloning technology to streamline and facilitate cloning into an expression vector. (thermofisher.com)
The expression cassettes of the gRNAs are tandemly ligated into a single vector using the Golden Gate cloning method. (nature.com)

Epimastigotes are an extracellular and noninfective form of the parasite found in the midgut of insect vectors, where they multiply by binary fission. (medscape.com)

When the protein structure and features are not well known, it is recommended to clone into all three vectors and determine the most compatible vector for further research. (thermofisher.com)

We investigated the ability of support vector machines (SVM) to analyze minimal residual disease (MRD) in flow cytometry data from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) automatically, objectively and standardly. (oncotarget.com)

Accordingly, ectopic expression of sox9 rescues defective formation of cartilage induced by the knockdown of esrra . (nature.com)
A set of three expression constructs and a scrambled control is offered against every target gene with the guarantee that at least one of the three will have a knockdown effect of 70% or more on corresponding gene expression as determined by qRT-PCR, otherwise the constructs will be replaced one time free of charge. (genecopoeia.com)

In this study, we analyzed gene expression of 468 melanoma cases from the TCGA database, which led to the identification of three melanoma clusters (representedby low, median and high infiltration) that display unique immune features. (jcancer.org)
The median cluster was characterized by an inability to draw immune cells, highlighting possible immune escape mechanisms, and lower CXCL9 and CXCL10 expression, which was correlated to poor prognosis. (jcancer.org)
The expression of tk in transduced cancer cells results in conversion of the pro-drug ganciclovir into a toxic metabolite causing DNA damage, inducing immunogenic cell death and immune activation. (bvsalud.org)

Transposon vectors can be used in the frog for transgenesis and for insertional mutagenesis where enhancer trap and gene trap constructs are used to identify genomic loci involved in developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)

On in vitro expression, only A3 T369S forms functional channels that display altered ion permeation, gating, ligand sensitivity, and low apparent affinity for extracellular Ca 2+ . (jneurosci.org)

Meta-analysis of microarray data showed that larval SG gene expression is divergent from adult SGs, more similar to larval gastric cecae, but different from other larval gut compartments. (cdc.gov)

Familiarity with molecular biology, plant gene expression, and transformation vector technologies is preferred. (publicgardens.org)

T. Twellmann, T.W. Nattkemper, W. Schubert, H. Ritter, Cell detection in micrographs of tissue sections using support vector machines, in: Proceedings of the ICANN: workshop on Kernel & Subspace Methods for Computer Vision, Vienna, Austria, 2001, pp. 79–88. (crossref.org)

The signature of our top screening hits is significantly correlated with gene expression data from clinical melanoma samples. (cdc.gov)
A cadaveric study by Rao et al comparing skin-only, SMAS plication, and extended SMAS facelifts reported that lifting along the horizontal and vertical vectors was significantly greater for the SMAS operations than for the skin-only surgery. (medscape.com)

Insertion at the site has been shown to be safe with no phenotypic effects reported, and the surrounding DNA appears to be kept in an open confirmation, enabling stable expression of a variety of transgenes. (reportergene.com)
We report here the construction of a stable and efficient expression vector for plants based on PepMV. (biomedcentral.com)

The ideal rhytidectomy candidate is a middle-aged woman with a fair or medium complexion and a minimal amount of adipose tissue and moderate skin laxity in the jowl and cervicomental regions. (medscape.com)

Using these vectors we have demonstrated that the TetR repressor, contrary to the reverse transactivator (rtTA), can be expressed in excess to bind and modulate a high number of TetO operons. (nih.gov)

After infection with diverse strains of H1N1 influenza, treated mice showed minimal weight loss and lung inflammation. (caltech.edu)

Four days after inoculation, transient expression of GUS activity was found in mesocotyl segments originating from the intercalary meristem region. (psu.edu)

Saratovskaya 29 were used for co-transformation with two independent Minimal Expression Units (MEUs): class I chitinase and Acetohydroxyacid Synthase (AHAS) gene. (openbiotechnologyjournal.com)

Taken together, our results indicate for the first time that ESRRa is essential for cartilage development by regulating sox9 expression during vertebrate development. (nature.com)

Notably, even immunodeficient and older mice were protected by this method, suggesting that expression of a monoclonal antibody alone is sufficient to protect mice from illness. (caltech.edu)
NAbs were present in the serum of a proportion of mice receiving a higher dose of the vector. (ox.ac.uk)
2001) [ 8 ] showed convincingly that a reduction in p53 expression or function in LNCaP confers the ability to form tumors in castrated male nude mice (parental LNCaP cells do not have this ability). (oncotarget.com)

Even though gene knock-outs can result from DSBs caused by Cas9 alone, SBI recommends the use of HR targeting vectors (also called HR donor vectors) for more efficient and precise mutation. (reportergene.com)
In this study, Tilapia Piscidin 4 (TP4), one of the most efficient marine antimicrobial peptides that have been introduced so far, produced using the Pichia pastoris GS115 expression system. (jrmds.in)

Some insects cause harm by vectoring diseases dangerous to humans, livestock, or plants or by damaging crops. (cdc.gov)

Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) (genus Potexvirus , family Flexiviridae ), a widespread plant virus, is a promising candidate expression vector for plants because of its high level of accumulation in its hosts and the absence of severe infection symptoms. (biomedcentral.com)
New cases of vector-borne T cruzi infection usually occur in persons who live in primitive houses in areas where the sylvatic cycle is active. (medscape.com)

To establish an all-in-one vector system, we modified the pX330 vector, originally developed by the Feng Zhang laboratory 4 , 8 , containing a single gRNA expression cassette and a Cas9 nuclease expression cassette. (nature.com)

During AML treatment, detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) and flow cytometry (FCM) provide a powerful basis for adjusting the diagnosis and treatment [ 2 - 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
From this analytical approach we obtain expressions of the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio for the direct detection of an exoplanet. (aanda.org)

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