AnalgesicsPhenacetinCryptorchidismAcetaminophenHypospadiasIbuprofenAnalgesics, OpioidAspirinPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAnalgesiaPainPain MeasurementMorphinePain, PostoperativeTramadolDextropropoxypheneAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDrug ToleranceCodeinePain ThresholdMeperidineFentanylAnesthetics, LocalPentazocineReceptors, Opioid, muPain ManagementOxycodoneHyperalgesiaDipyroneDose-Response Relationship, DrugInjections, SpinalNaloxoneBupivacaineDouble-Blind MethodAnalgesia, EpiduralAnalgesia, Patient-ControlledKetoprofenCarrageenanReceptors, OpioidNarcotic AntagonistsKidney Papillary NecrosisTolmetinNefopamHydrocodoneKetorolacHydromorphonePain, IntractableTime FactorsNociceptionNeuralgiaCatharticsRats, Sprague-DawleyNalorphineCyclohexanecarboxylic AcidsBuprenorphineAcupuncture AnalgesiaNociceptorsDiclofenacEdemaMorphinansDelayed-Action PreparationsMorphine DerivativesOxymorphoneAnalgesia, ObstetricalButorphanolNarcoticsAcetic AcidHot TemperaturePlant ExtractsHypnotics and SedativesKetamineMeptazinolRabbitsKineticsNociceptive PainLidocaineGuinea PigsAminesAlfentanilAntipyreticsNalbuphineSpinal CordNerve BlockEndorphinsCyclazocineRats, WistarAmidesAcute PainAnti-Inflammatory AgentsClonidineChronic PainMolecular WeightDexmedetomidinePiroxicamKetorolac TromethamineSufentanil