Microscope cell lineage. Medical search. Frequent questions

With the invention of the confocal microscope this allowed larger more complicated organisms to be studied. (wikipedia.org)
Each confocal microscope image here highlights a protein characteristic of a different type of cell in a human heart organoid from Aitor Aguirre's biomedical engineering lab at Michigan State University. (acs.org)
Generally, these fancy microscopes take 10x the effort to achieve 2x the results, which might be worth it in some domains, but I see many biologists who use a lattice light sheet a few times and go right back to spinning disk confocal just because the latter is much much simpler to work with. (metafilter.com)
They used the SSCF confocal microscope and flow cytometer in their studies. (ca.gov)
E) Confocal microscopic images of Cy5siRNA-labeled LNP internalization in SKOV3, NAR, and A549 cells. (medicalxpress.com)
In order to evaluate the localization of Hippo pathway components, embryos at timed stages of development were stained using specific antibodies and observed with laser confocal microscope. (uoguelph.ca)

By 1976, Dr. Brenner and his associate, Dr. John Sulston, had identified part of the cell lineage in the developing nervous system of C. elegans. (wikipedia.org)
Initial results showed that the nematode was eutelic (each individual experiences the same differentiation pathways), however work by Sulston and Richard Horvitz showed that several cells necessary for reproduction differentiate after hatching. (wikipedia.org)
Building on preliminary work by Sydney Brenner and John E. Sulston, the scientists with whom he shared last year's Nobel Prize, Horvitz identified specific genes that trigger cell death in the cells of a millimeter-long soil-dwelling nematode named Caenorhabditis elegans . (technologyreview.com)
Working with Horvitz, Sulston mapped the entire cell lineage-from the fertilized egg to the adult organism-of C. elegans . (technologyreview.com)
With the map, Sulston was able to demonstrate that the adult C. elegans always contains precisely 959 cells. (technologyreview.com)
But I came in to give tribs to John 'Nobel 2002' Sulston who, in the 1970s, documented the movement of individual dividing cells in developing (nematode) embryos by looking at them down a microscope for hours at a time. (metafilter.com)
Eventually Sulston and others knew the lineage, back to the egg, for each of the 900 cells of the adult worm. (metafilter.com)

When myeloid cells look abnormal under the microscope, they are called dysplastic. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
How many early forms of cell types in the bone marrow (red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets) show dysplasia (look abnormal under the microscope). (cancer.org)

These colors are fluorescent and marked on the proteins by administering injections to trace such cells. (wikipedia.org)
Second, altering the MSC state by inducing differentiation into multiple lineages did not affect the exosomal properties or endocytosis but triggered the expression of lineage-specific genes and proteins in vitro and in vivo respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Many existing tissue-engineering approaches focus on delivery of selected proteins (growth factors, transcription factors etc.) or nucleic acids to host or implanted stem cells to achieve lineage specific differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
I found a small molecule called JQ1, that blocks a family of proteins called BET bromodomains, prevents differentiation of stem cells into endoderm, which is an important step on the developmental pathway towards formation of the liver and pancreas. (mrc.ac.uk)
I then set out to determine how these proteins regulate stem cell signalling and what role they play in stem cell biology. (mrc.ac.uk)
Cell mitosis is an attractive target to effectively treat a variety of cancer forms, where microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) assist cells to maintain the stability of cell dynamics. (medicalxpress.com)
The research team began by analyzing gene expression - which bits of DNA are converted into RNA used to make cell proteins - in more than 65,000 individual cells across four placozoan species. (appton.co)
The group singled out B cells - which produce the antibodies that make up our "immune memory" - and conducted deep sequencing, tracing the lineages of those cells and isolating individual antibodies that bound to viral proteins. (weizmann-usa.org)

These cells include vulval cells as well as muscle and neurons. (wikipedia.org)
C. elegans contain 302 neurons and 959 somatic cells, where they begin with 1031, where 72 undergo apoptosis which is programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, we discovered a novel signaling pathway that regulates the differentiation of adult neural stem cells into neurons (Ashton). (ca.gov)
One group demonstrated that cells dissected from fetal human forebrain or adult white matter and selected using immunosorting methods could be transplanted into myelin-deficient animals and provide significant myelination of host neurons [5-8]. (scientificarchives.com)
While these other animal lineages have nervous systems governed by the nerve cells known as neurons, placozoans were thought to be different. (appton.co)
Instead of being controlled by neurons, some of these behaviors are regulated by peptidergic cells, which release short chains of amino acids that activate surrounding cells. (appton.co)
They discovered that placozoans have 14 types of peptidergic cells that are also important for building neurons in cnidarians and bilaterians. (appton.co)
However, they also found that peptidergic cells were not true neurons given their lack of electrical activity and inability to receive messages. (appton.co)
The scientists then compared peptidergic cells to neurons or neuron-like cells in other animal species. (appton.co)
They confirmed major similarities between the way genes are used in placozoan peptidergic cells with the way neurons work in cnidarian and bilaterian animals. (appton.co)
Their result showing the genetic similarity of these peptidergic cells to neurons was very striking," said Jacob Musser, a molecular evolutionary biologist at Yale University who was not involved in the study. (appton.co)
Our main focus is neural lineage (e.g. neurons and astrocytes), but other cell types can also be recorded (e.g. cardiomyocytes, β cells). (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
We provide detailed protocols for the generation of lentiviral vectors, the transduction of hES-cells, and their differentia- tion into neurons. (lu.se)

Some organisms, such as C. elegans, have a predetermined pattern of cell progeny and the adult male will always consist of 1031 cells, this is because cell division in C. elegans is genetically determined and known as eutely. (wikipedia.org)
As one of the first pioneers of cell lineage, in the 1960s Dr. Sydney Brenner first began observing cell differentiation and succession in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. (wikipedia.org)
After mapping various sections of the C. elegans' cell lineage, Dr. Brenner and his associates were able to piece together the first complete and reproducible fate map of cell lineage. (wikipedia.org)
Brenner had been credited with realizing that because of its simplicity, C. elegans provides an ideal model for studying cell differentiation and organ development. (technologyreview.com)
Furthermore, every C. elegans generates exactly 1,090 cells over the course of its lifetime. (technologyreview.com)
The past few years have seen the completion of two major long-term projects that provide new insights into C. elegans development and lay important groundwork for future investigation: completion of the cell lineages of both sexes, from zygote to adult, and description of the complete anatomy at the level of electron microscope resolution, providing a complete "wiring diagram" of cell contacts in the animal. (cshlpress.com)
Matured C. elegans sperm cells (spermatozoa) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (wormclassroom.org)
See also TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) image of C. elegans sperm cells . (wormclassroom.org)
Each colored spot (light blue) represents a cell of the C. elegans . (wormclassroom.org)
Multiphoton fluorescence excitation microscope image of a C. elegans cell. (wormclassroom.org)
Differential Interference Contrast/Nomarski image of a C. elegans cell. (wormclassroom.org)
GFP, green) were used for lineage tracing in C. elegans. (bruker.com)

Other organisms had stereotyped patterns of cell division and produced sublineages which were the progeny of particular precursor cells. (wikipedia.org)
All of these cells play a critical role in the proliferation, differentiation and selection of precursor cells in the T-cell lineage, but the precise mechanisms not well understudood. (nel.edu)
The potential therapeutic value of oligodendrocytes has been demonstrated in animal studies by transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells purified directly from neural tissue. (scientificarchives.com)
renders six epidermal precursor cells competent to respond to other developmental signals. (wormbook.org)
The anchor cell induces nearby epidermal precursor cells to generate vulval cells via an epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. (wormbook.org)
Both EGF and LIN-12 prevent precursor cells from adopting the 3 ° fate, which generates non-specialized epidermis. (wormbook.org)
The two 2 ° precursor cells generate vulA, vulB1, vulB2, vulC and vulD cells but in mirror symmetric polar patterns: ABCD and DCBA. (wormbook.org)
During the L1 and L2 stages, six vulval precursor cells (VPCs) are specified among the 11 Pn.p cells, which are located in the ventral epidermis. (wormbook.org)

To study epigenetic changes and genes that are expressed differently in different cell lineages-such as cancer cells versus normal cells, or the two types of epidermal cells in Arabidopsi s roots-typically requires laser capture microdissection (LCM) or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). (the-scientist.com)
Without the presence of these genes, Horvitz determined, certain cells could live indefinitely. (technologyreview.com)
The neuroendocrine system regulates early T cell differentiation by the transcription of neuroendocrine genes in the stromal network and expression of cognitive receptors by immature T cells. (nel.edu)
Within each cell are genes which direct and control all the cell's functions and determine how and when it divides and grows. (rubyhospital.com)

The uninduced VPCs generate a 3 ° lineage, which make epidermal cells that fuse with the large syncytial epidermis hyp7. (wormbook.org)

Human embryonic stem cells also exhibit the Warburg effect ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Rosalía uses embryonic stem cells from mice to understand more about the signalling pathways that control how, when and why stem cells change into other cell types. (mrc.ac.uk)
Project Title: The Berkeley Human Embryonic Stem Cell Shared Research Laboratory a. (ca.gov)
The central mission of our Berkeley CIRM Shared Stem Cell Facility (SSCF) is to provide our East Bay users with knowledge, expertise, training, and equipment to advance scientific knowledge of human embryonic stem cells, as well as other stem cells. (ca.gov)
One recently-completed CIRM-funded project involved directed evolution and engineering of new viral gene delivery vehicles capable of highly efficient delivery to human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
Using the early embryonic divisions of the ascidian Phallusia mammillata as a model to investigate mechanisms of unequal cell division, this study convincingly demonstrates that cell shape and cortical domains are cooperating, rather than competing, in order to establish cell size asymmetry, a significant conceptual advance for the field. (elifesciences.org)
Mouse naive embryonic stem cells have recently been shown to give rise to embryonic and extra-embryonic stem cells capable of self-assembling into post-gastrulation structured stem-cell-based embryo models with spatially organized morphogenesis (called SEMs) 3 . (nature.com)
Here we extend those findings to humans using only genetically unmodified human naive embryonic stem cells (cultured in human enhanced naive stem cell medium conditions) 4 . (nature.com)
Such human fully integrated and complete SEMs recapitulate the organization of nearly all known lineages and compartments of post-implantation human embryos, including the epiblast, the hypoblast, the extra-embryonic mesoderm and the trophoblast layer surrounding the latter compartments. (nature.com)
These include embryonic disc and bilaminar disc formation, epiblast lumenogenesis, polarized amniogenesis, anterior-posterior symmetry breaking, primordial germ-cell specification, polarized yolk sac with visceral and parietal endoderm formation, extra-embryonic mesoderm expansion that defines a chorionic cavity and a connecting stalk, and a trophoblast-surrounding compartment demonstrating syncytium and lacunae formation. (nature.com)
Much of this process relies on the morphogenesis of the extra-embryonic tissues and the effect this has on the organization of embryonic cells. (nature.com)
Furthermore, generation of glial precursors from sources such as embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells poses potential safety risks due to the tumorigenic potential of undifferentiated cells. (scientificarchives.com)
Baillie, A. L., and Fleming, A. J. The circumsporangial space forms between the embryonic endothecium and amphithecium, prior to the proliferation of sporogenous tissue, and extends the length of the spore sac when the archesporium is a single cell layer (Figures 4A, 5A). (davidclaytonthomas.com)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)

Here, we have identified a previously undescribed population of epidermal progenitors that reside in the touch domes of hairy skin, termed touch dome progenitor cells (TDPCs). (biologists.com)
2011) Inhibitors of tyrosine phosphatases and apoptosis reprogram lineage-marked differentiated muscle to myogenic progenitor cells. (ca.gov)
Timely differentiation of progenitor cells is critical for development. (rupress.org)
OLs are the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system and they derive from progenitor cells generated by multipotent precursors. (rupress.org)

It is accompanied by the authors' own photomicrographs and electronmicrograph from a transmission electron microscope. (nel.edu)
To do so, the team used a new piece of equipment: a top-of-the-line, high-powered electron microscope. (weizmann-usa.org)
Advances in the preparation, detection, automation, and computational analysis (some of which garnered their developers a Nobel Prize in 2017) have made this latest version of the electron microscope able to reveal the 3D structure, practically down to the last atom, of an antibody bound to its target on the glycoprotein. (weizmann-usa.org)

The precise pattern of vulval precursor cell fates involves the graded action of the EGF signaling and LIN-12 (Notch) mediated lateral signaling. (wormbook.org)
During the L3 stage, a signal from the gonad and signaling among the VPCs specifies three VPCs to generate vulval cells ( Figure 2 ). (wormbook.org)
The vulval lineages are of two types, 1 ° and 2 ° , each of which generate distinct sets of progeny. (wormbook.org)

Immunohistochemistry is critical in this process, labeling and detecting cell lineage markers and therapeutic targets. (bvsalud.org)

When that happens, the area where the cancer has invaded will have the same kind of abnormal cell and the same name as the original cancer. (rubyhospital.com)

Cell lineage denotes the developmental history of a tissue or organ from the fertilized embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental pulp. (frontiersin.org)
[18] Whereas, with CLL, diseased cells propagate from within the bone marrow, in SLL they propagate from within the lymphatic tissue. (wikipedia.org)
I solating specific cell types from a mass of plant or animal tissue is laborious and tricky. (the-scientist.com)
LCM uses a laser and a microscope to literally flip individual cells out of a tissue into a container. (the-scientist.com)
Cell and tissue manipulation with ultrashort infrared laser pulses in light-sheet microscopy. (bruker.com)
This endocardial Notch signaling can in turn non-cell autonomously initiate myocardial Erbb2 and BMP signaling to promote cardiomyocyte reprogramming and heart regeneration, whereas its inhibition through either using tissue-specific genetic-based strategies or altering blood flow impairs this reparative event. (elifesciences.org)
The evaluation of biopsied solid organ tissue has long relied on visual examination using a microscope. (bvsalud.org)
As a new type of probe, the heavy isotope of water has been widely used in the study of cell development, metabolism, tissue homeostasis, aging, and tumor heterogeneity. (medsci.org)
Here we report a method that enables the efficient generation and expansion of glial precursors from tissue-restricted neural stem cells (NSC). (scientificarchives.com)
These results demonstrate that tissue-restricted human neural stem cells can serve as an efficient source for myelinating oligodendrocytes with therapeutic potential. (scientificarchives.com)
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a distinct group of cells within cancerous tissue that possess the ability to initiate tumorigenesis and exhibit potency, self-renewal, and drug resistance. (bmrat.org)
Patch clamp recording in vitro (cell cultures) and, to some extent, ex vivo (tissue preparations) to study intrinsic electrical properties of single cells, such as resting membrane potential, membrane resistance, action potential parameters, presence and function of various channels and receptors as well as synaptic connectivity, and to identify, characterize and quantify synaptic transmission. (lu.se)
Optogenetic manipulation of cell function to study, e.g. synaptic profile of isolated populations of the cells in cell cultures and tissue preparations. (lu.se)
Optical imaging of live cells in cultures and tissue preparations to monitor intracellular Ca 2+ fluctuations and to identify population of interest. (lu.se)
Multielectrode Array (MEA) recordings of extracellular field potentials from cell cultures and tissue preparations. (lu.se)
However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
Human liver organoids are formed from the assembly of hepatocyte-like cells differentiated from iPS cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
There have been several trials of mesenchymal stem cells injected intravenously, intrathecally or both in relapsing remitting and in progressive MS. Results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells can slow the progression of disease and might improve neurological function. (scientificarchives.com)

Epithelial stem cells in adult mammalian skin are known to maintain epidermal, follicular and sebaceous lineages during homeostasis. (biologists.com)
Although often thought of as a static support structure, the skeletal system is a dynamic organ with many functions, including giving us our human shape, allowing locomotion and motor function, facilitating respiration, protecting vital organs, producing marrow-derived cells, and playing a crucial role in homeostasis. (medscape.com)

Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into somatic cells ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Although cell shape often predicts spindle orientation, there are numerous examples where this is not the case in somatic cells ( Finegan and Bergstralh, 2019 ). (elifesciences.org)

The thymic microenvironment consists of a network of reticular epithelial cells and other fixed and free cells. (nel.edu)
The major histocompatibility complex participates in interactions between T cells and thymic epithelial cells, in addition to interactions between T cells and dendritic cells, macrophages and myoid cells. (nel.edu)
This work briefly summarizes morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of thymic epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and myoid cells. (nel.edu)

This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)

[17] Less commonly, the disease comes to light only after the cancerous cells overwhelm the bone marrow, resulting in low red blood cells, neutrophils, or platelets. (wikipedia.org)
These cells include platelets (also called thrombocytes) that make your blood clot, red blood cells (erythrocytes) that carry oxygen in your blood, and most of the white blood cells in our bodies that fight infection. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
Dysplasia is seen in at least 10% of the early cells of 2 or 3 cell types (red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or megakaryocytes [the cells that make platelets]) in the bone marrow. (cancer.org)
The test involves taking a blood sample for a full blood count of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. (parkwayeast.com.sg)

In the tree of life, they are more closely related to cnidarians (which include sea anemones and corals) or bilaterians (the supergroup that contains vertebrates) than lineages such as ctenophores or poriferans. (appton.co)
NfsB is a dimeric flavoprotein enzyme that has broad electron acceptor specificity 15 and has been used in conjunction with prodrugs to selectively ablate cells in vertebrates. (cdc.gov)

Among other roles, these cells provide the myelin sheath needed for the efficient propagation of impulses along nerve fibers, provide trophic support for neuronal cells, and remove toxins and excess neurotransmitters from the interstitial space. (scientificarchives.com)
It suggests that some of the neuronal machinery was being packaged into cells and used for some form of communication prior to the advent of a nervous system. (appton.co)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)

TDPCs exhibit bipotent progenitor behavior as they give rise to both squamous and neuroendocrine epidermal lineages, whereas the remainder of the α6 + Sca1 + CD200 - epidermis does not give rise to Merkel cells. (biologists.com)

Their findings provide a new perspective on the roles of cell polarity and shape in the control of spindle positioning, and are of broad interest to cell and developmental biologists. (elifesciences.org)

They later received the 2002 Nobel prize for their work in genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)

Other organisms, such as humans, have variable lineages and somatic cell numbers. (wikipedia.org)
All humans have Satan's blood and false lineage. (tparents.org)
It is still unknown whether their secretions are poisonous to humans-let a microscope figure that one out. (syfy.com)
Humans are made up of cells. (rubyhospital.com)
Because the activity of peptidergic cells is reminiscent of more complex nervous systems - like the one in humans - Dr. Grau-Bové and his colleagues were intrigued by the possibility that these cells and their connections might represent the nervous system of an ancient animal ancestor. (appton.co)

He found that some groups, such as nematode worms and ascidians form a pattern of cell division which is identical between individuals and invariable. (wikipedia.org)
This means that in every nematode, the same 131 cells follow exactly the same pathway and die at exactly the same time of life. (technologyreview.com)

Furthermore, some fluorescent reporters have such an extremely low recombination threshold that they may label cell populations at undesired time-points in the absence of induction. (wikipedia.org)
We characterize the activation kinetics of these reagents in vitro and demonstrate their efficacy in zebrafish embryos that express NfsB either ubiquitously or in defined cell populations. (cdc.gov)
11 , 12 Light-dependent gene silencing can be achieved through whole-organism irradiation or the targeted illumination of specific cell populations. (cdc.gov)
We envisioned that enzyme-activatable cMOs could overcome these limitations, as the triggering enzymes could be expressed in individual cell populations using cis regulatory elements. (cdc.gov)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

More recently, researchers have begun using synthetic biology approaches and the CRISPR/Cas9 system to engineer new genetic systems that enable cells to autonomously record lineage information in their own genome. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we show that cell geometry and polarity domains cooperate, rather than compete, in positioning the cleavage plane during UCDs in early ascidian embryos. (elifesciences.org)
or embryos ( Minc and Piel, 2012 ) and is the result of spindle alignment with the longest axis of the cell. (elifesciences.org)

However, very little was known about the mechanism until Robert Horvitz '68 and other researchers identified and described the process of programmed cell death. (technologyreview.com)
At the time [Horvitz began his research], most scientists thought that cells died because they had no choice," says Craig B. Thompson, chair of the Department of Cancer Biology at the University of Pennsylvania. (technologyreview.com)
By proving the genetic component, Horvitz was able to demonstrate that programmed cell death is a normal, fundamental, and controlled biological process in cells. (technologyreview.com)
Horvitz says that his Nobel work began as a quest to discover how and why those cells die. (technologyreview.com)
Even more remarkable, Horvitz realized that the programmed cell-death pathway is fundamentally the same in more complex organisms. (technologyreview.com)

In this study we have addressed this issue in the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage. (rupress.org)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell ). (wikipedia.org)
[4] [9] CLL results in the buildup of B cell lymphocytes in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and blood . (wikipedia.org)
MDS are a group of a progressive bone marrow diseases characterized by failure of the bone marrow to generate normal blood cells. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
The bone marrow is the organ in the human body that makes blood cells that are essential for critical physiologic functions. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
Blood cells are formed from stem cells in the bone marrow. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
Stem cells can be obtained from many sources, including bone marrow, blood, or umbilical cord blood. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
The portion of blasts (very early forms of blood cells) in the bone marrow or blood. (cancer.org)
Certain chromosome changes in the bone marrow cells. (cancer.org)
There is a normal number (less than 5%) of very early cells called blasts in the bone marrow, and blasts are rare (or absent) in the blood. (cancer.org)
By tracking the specific mutation, the amount of leukaemia cells remaining in the bone marrow after treatment can be measured. (parkwayeast.com.sg)

This research also led to the initial observations of programmed cell death, or apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)

Specifically, they seek to understand how elements of the cytoskeleton and adhesion machinery physically interact to form a three-dimensional architecture that drives cell shape and shape-dependent behavior and transduces biochemical signals. (ca.gov)
Two-photon excitation light is far less scattered, permitting subcellular resolution to be maintained better than conventional light sheet microscopes, resulting in 4D (3D over time) cell and molecular imaging with sufficient speed and resolution to unambiguous trace cell lineages, movements and signals in intact systems. (columbia.edu)
These cellular relationships support what scientists call the chemical brain hypothesis, the idea that early nervous systems evolved as networks of cells connected through chemical signals that would diffuse across an animal and bind to specific protein receptors. (appton.co)
That indicated that early nervous systems were once similar to what is seen in placozoans today, before evolving for hundreds of millions of years into complex cells that send electrical signals. (appton.co)

The Kumar Lab's interests center around the macromolecular basis of cell shape, mechanics, and adhesion, with special emphasis on the nervous system. (ca.gov)
Glial cells play a critical role in the development and function of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). (scientificarchives.com)
This unmet medical need is a primary driver for the development of therapies based on transplantation of neural stem cells that have the potential to replace cells of the central nervous system (CNS) lost to disease or injury [1]. (scientificarchives.com)
Dr. Musser said he was looking forward to seeing similar approaches applied to investigations of nervous system evolution in more ancient animal lineages like ctenophores, which include comb jellies. (appton.co)

Roger Deal and Steven Henikoff from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have developed a cheap and easy method, dubbed "isolation of nuclei tagged in specific cell types" (INTACT), which is. (the-scientist.com)

We use state-of-the-art facilities in X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, cryo-electron microscopy, imaging, biophysical and biochemical analysis, molecular and cell biology. (ucl.ac.uk)
Using the strongest molecular binding partnership in biology to separate different cell types. (the-scientist.com)
I am only a little disappointed that they don't look anything like the edible cell models we made out of candy and snacks in ninth grade biology. (metafilter.com)

Rosalía's stem cell research is beginning to show how signalling pathways coordinate pluripotency and differentiation in stem cells. (mrc.ac.uk)
Before scientists can develop stem cell based therapies they need to figure out how pluripotency works. (mrc.ac.uk)
Rosalía is the primary author of a paper published earlier in July that details some of the molecular mechanisms that co-ordinate the switch from a stem cell that can become any cell type to a cell set to become just one cell type. (mrc.ac.uk)
The Conboy lab studies the intersection of aging and stem cell science. (ca.gov)
Also, we are developing optogenetic tools to investigate signaling pathways involved in stem cell fate decisions (Bugaj). (ca.gov)
The overall management of the CIRM Shared Stem Cell Facility CIRM SSCF is coordinated by the management oversight committee.CIRM SSCF is managed by Dr. Mary West. (ca.gov)
The CIRM Shared Stem Cell Facility is managed by Dr. Mary West who is responsible for training, equipment function and maintenance. (ca.gov)
The only way to cure MDS is through a stem cell transplant. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)
Unfortunately, stem cell transplants are not possible for all MDS patients because sometimes it is difficult to find a stem cell donor, and not all patients are healthy enough to undergo the procedure. (thenationalmdsstudy.net)

If age-imposed decline in the regenerative capacity of stem cells was understood, the debilitating lack of organ maintenance in the old could be ameliorated and perhaps, even reversed. (ca.gov)
Lineage took a wrong turn from the misuse of the love organ. (tparents.org)
Without the fall, lineage and the love organ should have come directly from God. (tparents.org)
The sexual organ is like a way to connect to continue the lineage. (tparents.org)
We should love our enemy, but what about our love organ and lineage. (tparents.org)

Transplantation of glial cells or glial progenitors into the diseased or injured CNS can provide therapeutic benefits. (scientificarchives.com)

Hepatocytes derived from iPS cells are suitable for transplantation into patients with liver insufficiency and for use in toxicity tests ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Upon transplantation into different animal models of demyelination a substantial proportion of these cells become oligodendrocytes with the capacity to myelinate host axons. (scientificarchives.com)

GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)
Finally, we provide protocols for analyzing these cells through flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. (lu.se)

Although MSC EVs show great promise for regenerative medicine applications, insights into their uptake mechanisms by different target cells and the ability to control MSC EV properties for defined function in vivo have remained elusive knowledge gaps. (frontiersin.org)
In this study we asked whether global epigenetic mechanisms regulate timing of progenitor cell differentiation into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in vivo. (rupress.org)

Kim and Park, 2017 ) and make HMSCs attractive cells for regenerative therapies. (frontiersin.org)
They may also serve as an unlimited source of therapeutically active cells for regenerative medi- cine. (lu.se)

In April 2021, the World Health Organization positioned R.1 lineage variants under the variant under monitoring (VuM) category to prioritize monitoring the variants because of distinct mutations in their genome. (cdc.gov)

Overall, the results presented in this study show a common mechanism of endocytosis for MSC EVs across different cell types and the feasibility to generate functionally enhanced EVs by modifications to parental MSCs. (frontiersin.org)
By systematically varying mitotic cell shape, we could modulate the effect of attractive and repulsive polarity domains and consequently generate predicted daughter cell size asymmetries and position. (elifesciences.org)
The anchor cell also patterns nearby uterine cells, via the DSL ligand LAG-2 and LIN-12 , to generate the four uv1 cells that form the tight connection with the vulva. (wormbook.org)
Our two-photon light-sheet microscope combines the deep penetration of two-photon microscopy and the speed of light sheet microscopy to generate images with more than 10x improved imaging speed & sensitivity. (columbia.edu)

The challenge therefore is to identify molecular targets associated with mitosis of cancer cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Among these, Raman spectroscopy has attracted increasing attention as a highly sensitive molecular imaging technique for studying complex biological systems, including cells, tissues, and various biological materials [ 4 ]. (medsci.org)

It is essential for the development and maintenance of normal immune system, especially cell-mediated immunity. (nel.edu)
Regulatory T cells (Treg) that prevent autoimmune diseases by suppression of self-reactive T cells may also suppress the immune response against cancer. (nel.edu)
However, data on the immune-evasive properties of this lineage variant are limited. (cdc.gov)
This is an examination of the immune outfit of the leukaemia cells. (parkwayeast.com.sg)
Cells from each of the six people produced a wide number of antibodies, and Dr. Diskin and his team ‒ including lab member Dr. Hadas Cohen-Dvashi and Dr. Nadav Elad of Chemical Research Support ‒ decided to focus on two promising ones they believed were strongly involved in the long-term immune response. (weizmann-usa.org)

By utilizing the Cre-Lox or FLP-FRT recombination systems, a reporter gene (usually encoding a fluorescent protein) is activated and permanently labels the cell of interest and its offspring cells, thus the name cell lineage tracing. (wikipedia.org)
With the system, researchers could investigate the function of their favorite gene in determining cell fate by designing a genetic model where within a cell one recombination event is designed for manipulating the gene of interest and the other recombination event is designed for activating a reporter gene. (wikipedia.org)
For the gene family, see B-cell CLL/lymphoma . (wikipedia.org)
This Adeno-associated virus (AAV) variant study involved heavy usage of the flow cytometer and the ImageXpress Micro to quantitate the number of successfully infected (and gene-targeted) cells and colonies (Asuri). (ca.gov)
2012) "Directed Evolution of Adeno-Associated Virus for Enhanced Gene Delivery and Gene Targeting in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. (ca.gov)
The researchers screened 20 solid cancer cell lines relative to gene silencing to identify a highly responsive chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cell line that underwent significant depletion in mitotic spindle-dynamics for effective experimental cancer treatment. (medicalxpress.com)
Each child's ALL comes with a specific genetic change that can be found in the T-cell receptor gene and/or the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. (parkwayeast.com.sg)
How fast or slow a cell divides and grows, and what function it does, depends on the gene within that cell. (rubyhospital.com)
Cancer begins as a change in the gene of a single normal cell in any part of the body. (rubyhospital.com)
Once this change takes place, the set of instructions in the gene is changed and the cell no longer acts like it normally does. (rubyhospital.com)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
In combination with transgenic organisms, such enzyme-actuated antisense tools will enable gene silencing in specific cell types, including tissues that are not amenable to optical targeting. (cdc.gov)

As simple as they are, a team of researchers has found compelling evidence of neuron-like cells in placozoans. (appton.co)
The researchers then created a map showing potential interactions between peptidergic cells and other cells in placozoans. (appton.co)
Because tobacco use has declined in the United States, accompanied by a decrease in incidence of many tobacco-related cancers, researchers have suggested that the increase in oral cavity and pharynx cancers might be attributed to anatomic sites with specific cell types in which HPV DNA is often found (4,5). (cdc.gov)

J Cell Biol (2005) 169 (4): 577-589. (rupress.org)

Independent regulation of tumor cell migration by matrix stiffness and confinement. (ca.gov)

2013) "A Modular Optogenetic Platform for Inducible Protein Clustering and Signaling Activation in Mammalian Cells. (ca.gov)
One such protein is the cytoskeleton-associated protein 5 (CKAP5), widely expressed in a variety of cells to regulate the dynamics of microtubules in human cells. (medicalxpress.com)

2021) Extrasynaptic acetylcholine signaling through a muscarinic receptor regulates cell migration. (caltech.edu)

The human body has so many different cell types and tissues, it requires a lot of organisation. (mrc.ac.uk)
This technique allows non-destructive, label-free spectral imaging and analysis of cells, tissues, and nanoparticles [ 5 - 7 ]. (medsci.org)

16 , 17 In particular, transgenic zebrafish lines that express nfsB in β cells, cardiomyocytes, or other cell types have been established, and their exposure to the metronidazole leads to the targeted loss of these cells. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we isolated samples of the SARS-CoV-2 R.1 lineage, categorized as a variant under monitoring by the World Health Organization, and evaluated their sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies and type I interferons. (cdc.gov)

Located on B10 , inside the cell culture laboratory, this set-up is ideal for , but not restricted to, investigation of in vitro generated and expanded cell lines and cultures. (lu.se)

A Journey to the Center of Our Cells [ ungated ] - 'Biologists are discovering the true nature of cells-and learning to build their own. (metafilter.com)

Organoids are three-dimensional "mini organs" grown from stem cells. (acs.org)
Our lineage and love organs should be that way. (tparents.org)
When these two organs meet together, lineage is mixed. (tparents.org)

Cy5 is labeled as magenta, and the cell membrane is stained with rabbit anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor and goat anti rabbit488 antibody. (medicalxpress.com)

UCD divides the mother cell into two daughter cells of different sizes. (elifesciences.org)

A single cell of the somatic gonad, the anchor cell, organizes the development of the vulva from epidermal precursors as well as the physical connection of the epidermis with the uterus. (wormbook.org)

Similarly, recovery of locomotor function after grafting of neural stem cells (NSC) in animal models of spinal cord injury has been demonstrated to be due at least in part to myelinating oligodendrocytes [11]. (scientificarchives.com)

This type of lineage can be studied by marking a cell (with fluorescent molecules or other traceable markers) and following its progeny after cell division. (wikipedia.org)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)

Morphologic heterogeneity of human thymic non lymphocy tic cells. (nel.edu)
2012) "Soft Microenvironments Promote the Early Neurogenic Differentiation but not Self-renewal of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. (ca.gov)
The human fall was the destruction of the lineage. (tparents.org)
Originally, human lineage should have been like ocean water, crystal clear. (tparents.org)
The human being has more than 40 billion cells. (tparents.org)
How complex we are in terms of the structure of human cells. (tparents.org)
As a new quantitative method, heavy water-labeled single-cell Raman microspectroscopy can reduce damage to cells and human interference factors. (medsci.org)
Human trials using stem cells for remyelination have begun. (scientificarchives.com)
Although possible, these strategies are often complicated to transfer to human cells due to technical issues (9 ), and only a few successful cases have been described ( 10, 11 ). (lu.se)
Here we describe how this system can be used for human embry- onic stem cells. (lu.se)

Anatomy72

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Proteins8

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20021

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