• Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate the downstream genes [ 4 ]. (biomedres.info)
  • It has been suggested that abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, well-conserved, non-coding RNA molecules that silence gene expression usually by interfering with mRNA stability or protein translation ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Up to 30% of human protein-coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Micro RNAs (MiRNAs) are endogenous, small RNA molecules that were identified in a wide range of eukaryotes. (usda.gov)
  • About 30% of the human protein-coding genes are negatively regulated by miRNAs which suggests that they have a major role in regulating gene expression. (usda.gov)
  • yet, little attention has been given to the roles of miRNAs in non-model species including fishes. (usda.gov)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules with a length of about 22 nucleotides that regulate various intracellular activities such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and carcinogenesis [ 8 - 10 ] . (researchsquare.com)
  • Each miRNA can have multiple target genes, and several miRNAs can regulate the same gene. (researchsquare.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate several gene expressions, pathways, and complex biological networks at the cellular level acting either exclusively or together with other miRNAs. (justia.com)
  • MiRNAs regulate both transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression as well as regulate several circuits involved in tissue repair, inflammation, hypoxia-response, and angiogenesis. (justia.com)
  • Background: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of target mRNAs through cleavage or translational inhibition. (usda.gov)
  • Regulation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in micro-RNA (miRNA) on the host cells may be one of the most important factors influencing the occurrence of cervical cancer based on the prevalence of HPV infection and the development of cervical cancer. (researchsquare.com)
  • The length of miRNA is usually shorter than the length of the encoding gene. (researchsquare.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Dr. Muneesh Tewari's project is on the cutting edge of a new technology whereby diagnosis, prognosis and optimal prostate-cancer treatment strategy might be determined by analysis of circulating microRNAs. (fredhutch.org)
  • Tewari will optimize the isolation of exosomes and purification of microRNAs from prostate cancer models followed by genetic probing of these materials. (fredhutch.org)
  • The miR-129 microRNA precursor is a small non-coding RNA molecule that regulates gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • As with many other microRNAs, the expression profile of miR-129 changes with the onset of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • In experiments where miR-129 levels were returned to normal in cancer cells, SOX4 expression was down regulated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tewari, a systems biologist and oncologist, studies MicroRNAs-small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and have been found to circulate in blood within lipid membrane-encased particles (exosomes) that are secreted from cancer cells. (fredhutch.org)
  • This study demonstrates for the first time that alcohol exposure can cause rapid changes in microRNA levels, altering gene expression, and perhaps behavior," added Antonio Noronha, Ph.D., director of NIAAA's Division of Neuroscience and Behavior. (nih.gov)
  • Studies have shown that the expression of miR-126 is downregulated in cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and colon cancer ( 14 , 15 ), suggesting that the downregulation of miR-126 is significantly related to the occurrence and development of cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Provided herein are methods for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and disorders in a subject diagnosed as having suffered a cerebrovascular injury by administering agents that contain or induce the expression of microRNA-126. (justia.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In the last decade, diagnostic and prognostic evaluation has been facilitated by global gene expression profiling (GEP), provid- ing a new powerful means for the classification, prediction of survival, and response to treatment of lym- phomas. (lu.se)
  • The identified transcription factors influence both the global and specific gene expression of the BCLs and have possible implications for diagnosis and treat- ment. (lu.se)
  • In future studies, it will be interesting to determine if similar microRNA-based regulatory mechanisms influence alcohol problems in human populations. (nih.gov)
  • However, it is unclear how cerebral ischemic stroke regulates cardiac function, what are the direct effects of stroke on cardiac function, and what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. (justia.com)
  • At the time, the RNA molecule was seen as a mere messenger which decodes (transcribes) information from genetic sequences of DNA, in the form of a messenger RNA, which is then used as a template when the protein molecules are combined (translation). (lu.se)
  • The vast amount of experimental data has enabled the specific microRNA signatures and profiles to be recognised and thus used as potential biomarkers in cancer diagnosis, therapy prediction and prognosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • These molecules appear to be cancer-specific and hold great promise for molecular profiling of tumors. (fredhutch.org)
  • The researchers showed that the amount of a specific microRNA molecule known as miR-9 increases in brain cells within minutes of exposure to alcohol. (nih.gov)
  • They can bind to specific target gene messenger RNAs, thereby preventing their transcription. (katharinapetsche.com)
  • MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is endothelial cell (EC) specific and plays a key role in regulating EC function, controlling angiogenesis, and maintaining vascular integrity. (justia.com)
  • This is the written record of what happens when the information in our genes is translated into specific properties. (lu.se)
  • In 1958, Francis Crick coined the concept of the central dogma of molecular biology, which can be succinctly described as DNA coding for RNA and RNA coding for proteins. (lu.se)
  • Using next generation sequencing of small families with hereditary protein aggregate myopathies in the Washington University Neuromuscular Clinic, we identified mutations in the Hsp40 co-chaperone DNAJB6 as causative in limb girdle muscular dystrophy 1E. (wustl.edu)
  • That only a very small part of the DNA chain consisted of genes which code for protein could not be explained and those parts were irreverently called junk DNA as their function was not understood. (lu.se)
  • But to their astonishment, the gene turned out not to code for a protein. (lu.se)
  • An end product which works approximately like a velcro strip, able to attach itself to a traditional messenger RNA and prevent it from functioning as a template for the production of protein. (lu.se)
  • for example they can be important in regulating processes such as cell growth, organ formation and cell death. (lu.se)
  • Dr. Treistman adds that the microRNA process observed in this study may represent a general mechanism of neuronal adaptation to alcohol, with miR-9 playing a pivotal role in a complex regulatory network. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, they may be two gene regulatory points for the prevention of cervical cancer. (researchsquare.com)
  • SOX4, SRY-related HMG box 4 gene - an oncogene that is known to be deregulated in a number of cancers, is another target of miR-129 in which the aberrant regulation of miR-129 contributes to the proliferation of cancer cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has been reported that miR-126 is located on chromosome 9q34.3 within the host gene encoding for epidermal growth factor like-7 (EGFL-7), an endothelial cell-derived, secreted inhibitor of smooth muscle cell migration and a regulator of blood vessel formation ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Scientific background: MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that regulate gene activity within the cell. (katharinapetsche.com)
  • Without limitation, some embodiments comprise methods, systems, and/or compositions relating to microRNAs and/or cell based therapies and the use of the same in the research, diagnosis, or treatment of injury or disease. (justia.com)
  • Because of this local degeneration of a relatively small population of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, PD has been considered an especially interesting candidate for cell-replacement therapy. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNAs have given cancer researchers a new perspective to understand and combat cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the current study, researchers led by Dr. Treistman, Professor of Psychiatry and Director of the Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester , MA, examined whether microRNA might be involved in the alcohol tolerance observed in the BK channel. (nih.gov)
  • Many diseases have been found to be related to genes. (researchsquare.com)
  • MicroRNAs can thus affect the occurrence of diseases such as cancer and could provide us with new possibilities for cancer treatment. (lu.se)
  • As the method for an efficient metagenome search is still unknown, I am working to determine proper parameters for a homology search by using visual and statistical analysis of enzyme structure models in order to produce a diverse set of genes for experimental characterization. (uw.edu)
  • However, post-mortem analysis of transplanted tissue revealed accumulation of pathological Lewy bodies in a small subset of transplanted cells over time, revealing a host-to-graft disease propagation. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNAs have been reported to regulate about one-third of human genes [ 11 ] . (researchsquare.com)
  • Previous studies have also shown that there are numerous variants of the BK channel gene. (nih.gov)
  • Victor Ambros has been awarded "The 2015 Breakthrough Prize" for his fundamental studies of the function of microRNAs. (lu.se)
  • Thus, an important research objective has been to identify the adaptations within individual molecules that underlie tolerance. (nih.gov)
  • A new study now indicates that microRNA may influence the development of alcohol tolerance, a hallmark of alcohol abuse and dependence. (nih.gov)
  • Later on, Victor Ambros and his colleague Gary Ruvkun were able to describe how a microRNA is not merely a simple messenger, but rather the end product itself. (lu.se)
  • It was observed that when cancer cells were subjected to transfection with the precursor of miR-129, GALNT1 was subsequently down regulated by the direct targeting of miR-129. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim was to visually depict and explain the biosynthesis and functioning of microRNAs in a clear and understandable manner. (katharinapetsche.com)
  • During the past decade, thousands of different so-called non-coding RNAs have been discovered and it is clear that they regulate the cell's flow of information in many different ways. (lu.se)
  • The double helix-shaped DNA molecule first described in 1953 by Francis Crick and James Watson, assisted by others including Rosalind Franklin, can be seen as the cells' instruction book. (lu.se)
  • By utilizing the Rosetta Software Suite to produce highly accurate models of enzyme structures, this method will evaluate an enzyme sequence's potential for catalysis directly from a gene sequence. (uw.edu)
  • 3.54 g Guanidinium Thiocyanate (GTC) and salt solutions were added into the urine samples to make a final concentrations of 6 mol/l GTC, 0.025 mol/l sodium acetate, 0.25% N-lauroylsarcosin, 0.5 mol/l HEPES at pH 7, and then the samples were stored at -80°C for RNA preparation. (biomedres.info)