Microenvironment influences tumor cellular microenvironment. Medical search. Frequent questions

By contrast, increased CCL5 expression resulting from RUNX3 mutation is associated with more tumor metastasis in the lung. (nature.com)
Furthermore, a recent clinical trial for a CCR5 inhibitor treatment to patients suffering from liver metastasis of colorectal cancer showed its effect on reducing tumor mass with better prognosis, suggesting CCL5-CCR5 axis might also provide a procancer activity 22 . (nature.com)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by high rates of proliferation and metastasis and represents the third most common form of malignant tumor and the fourth leading cause of mortality in the world, thus creating a serious threat to health [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
circITGA7 serves as a tumor suppressor in CRC by inhibiting growth and metastasis by suppressing the Ras signaling pathway [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
β -Catenin is a transcription factor that plays an important role in cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and metastasis [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
CSCs are enriched near macrophages, particularly near macrophage-containing intravasation sites called Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) doorways. (nature.com)
Different regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have particular histopathological and molecular characteristics limiting the standard tumor−node−metastasis prognosis classification. (nature.com)
In summary, we identify a robust signature, which may enhance prognostic decisions in OSCC and better guide treatment to reduce tumor recurrence or lymph node metastasis. (nature.com)
Standard multimodal management of OSCC is based on the tumor−node−metastasis (TNM) classification 2 , in which the tumor size and location and the presence of metastasis are used to define OSCC prognosis and treatment in the clinical setting 3 . (nature.com)
A large amount of evidence indicates that the generation, malignant transformation and metastasis of many solid tumors can be regulated by ion channels. (jcancer.org)
I demonstrated that tumor cells secreted proteins that drove the recruitment and/or expansion of pulmonary TAMs, Tregs, and granulocytic-MDSCs (G-MDSCs), resulting in increased primary lung tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells, respectively. (ubc.ca)
Cancer cells can exploit normal mechanisms of cellular motility to facilitate invasion and metastasis, the process by which cancer cells disseminate to distant organs. (ubc.ca)
Mutations in the cell adhesion molecule known as integrin alpha 7 (integrin 7) lead to unchecked tumor cell proliferation and a significantly higher incidence in cancer spread, or metastasis, in several cancer cell lines, report researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (news-medical.net)
The tumor microenvironment (TM) in close contact with cancer cells is highly related to tumor growth and cancer metastasis. (peerj.com)
The abnormality of those functions in the organic microenvironments promoted the metastasis of HCC and initiated the biogenesis of a secondary HCC in a PM when the PM encountered the invasion of cancer cells. (peerj.com)
Additionally, the extracellular matrix surrounding tumors contributes to invasion and metastasis by providing structural support and signaling cues. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Col IV, Collagen type IV Collagen proteins form the scaffold of tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor infiltration, angiogenesis, and metastasis [5]. (president2010.info)
Accumulating research suggests that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an essential role in regulation of tumor growth and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The cellular and molecular nature of the TIME influences cancer progression and metastasis by altering the ratio of immune- suppressive versus cytotoxic responses in the vicinity of the tumor. (biomedcentral.com)
These tumors and accessories represent the hallmark characteristics that support tumor progression and lead to metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The ratio of pro- to antitumor immune populations in the TIME plays a critical role in the regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The crosstalk between pro-tumorigenic immune cells, stromal cells, and cytokines helps to establish the pre-metastatic niche for disseminated circulatory tumor cells and facilitates metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The processes of tumor initiation, expansion, and metastasis are governed by the TIME, where immunosuppressive and antitumor immune crosstalk play an important role. (biomedcentral.com)
During metastasis, tumor-derived exosomes help in the requirement and arrangement of immunosuppressive immune cells for favorable premetastatic niche formation and growth of metastases. (biomedcentral.com)
For instance, while several semaphorins have been reported to reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis, others are found to promote tumor growth or metastasis [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, semaphorins and their cognate receptors are involved in controlling cancer stem cell phenotype, contributing to tumor progression, resistance to therapies, and metastasis initiation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, this work has led us to discover a pathway through which metabolic rewiring in cancers can drive invasion and metastasis by releasing mtDNA-containing exosomes to influence the behaviour of other cells in the tumour microenvironment and beyond. (cam.ac.uk)
Tumor dormancy can lead to tumor recurrence locally or to metastasis at a distant site. (biomedcentral.com)
Liquid biopsies have gained popularity as a method to measure circulating tumor cells (CTCs) related to either solid tumor metastasis or hematological malignancies. (championsoncology.com)
The overall effect of these microenvironment changes results in tumor progression and metastasis (10). (researchatlanta.org)
Finally, they cover the dominant role of the tissue microenvironment in cancer, analyzing topics including altered metabolic pathways, the disease-defining influence on metastasis, and the interconnectedness of different environmental niches across levels of organization. (mit.edu)

Furthermore, the clear heterogeneity of CRC tumors indicates a clear need for new biological markers and therapeutic targets for CRC. (hindawi.com)
However, although single-targeted nanomedicines have made some progress in tumor therapy, the complexity of tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity limits their efficacy. (bvsalud.org)
Despite extensive study of the TME in PDAC, the cellular and molecular signaling networks remain poorly understood, largely due to the tremendous heterogeneity across tumors. (stanford.edu)
Our findings highlight the transcriptomic heterogeneity that distinguishes the cellular landscapes of GEP-NET anatomic subtypes and reveal potential avenues for future precision medicine therapeutics. (bu.edu)
We find that while noninvasive tumors growing in "soft" homogeneous microenvironments develop almost isotropic shapes, both high pressure and host heterogeneity can strongly enhance malignant behavior, leading to finger-like protrusions of the tumor surface. (princeton.edu)
The intra- and intertumor heterogeneity of cell types and gene mutations as well as the complexity of the microenvironment contribute to limiting the efficacy of the current therapeutic options for high grade glioma. (mdpi.com)
Although related treatment has improved, there are still challenges in combating tumor heterogeneity due to prognostic prediction difficulty ( Eisenstein, 2015 ). (techscience.com)
In addition, we are focused on understanding how both inter-patient and intratumoral heterogeneity may influence initial drug response and clonal evolution, leading to the development of acquired drug resistance. (massgeneral.org)
Intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity in the cellular and molecular levels are confounding things in interpreting altered miRNA expression. (gardos-channel.com)
Functional malignant cell heterogeneity in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors revealed by targeting of PDGF-DD. (lu.se)

Herein, we comprehensively analysed the correlation of NRP expression with prognosis and tumour microenvironment landscape in 33 cancer types. (hindawi.com)
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic tumor and is associated with poor prognosis and treatment response. (stanford.edu)
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are incurable brain tumors with a prognosis of about one-and-a half years on average. (ucsf.edu)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment involved in numerous cellular processes that contribute to cancer progression. (scite.ai)
Furthermore, the establishment of mechanical cues within such models, e.g., flow and extracellular matrix properties that influence cellular behaviour, are active research areas. (rug.nl)
During tumor progression, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) accumulate in tumors and produce an excessive extracellular matrix (ECM), forming a capsule that enwraps cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
Moreover, we show that individual invasive cells of an invasive tumor degrade the local extracellular matrix at the tumor-host interface, which diminishes the fingering growth of the primary tumor. (princeton.edu)

This process is driven by the release of pro-angiogenic factors from both the tumor cells and surrounding stromal cells. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Semaphorins, a family of about 20 secreted, transmembrane and GPI-linked glycoproteins, and their cognate receptors (plexins and neuropilins) play a pivotal role in the crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells present in the tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
2018). Phenotype molding of stromal cells in the lung tumor microenvironment. (championsoncology.com)

Mechanisms of cellular motility are highly conserved and regulate many physiological processes including embryonic development, wound healing, and angiogenesis. (ubc.ca)
Furthermore, signaling molecules such as growth factors and chemokines regulate cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. (yourhealthtoday.net)
The formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis, is crucial for tumor progression. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Different tumor types can also design their specific microenvironment by encouraging tumor angiogenesis and stimulating peripheral immune tolerance. (biomedcentral.com)
Semaphorins/semaphorin receptors are considered relevant drivers of angiogenesis and regulators of tumor progression and response to therapy, as well as cellular metabolism and genomic stability [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Therefore, dysregulation of the angiogenic process has been linked to tumour development and progression [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Thus, host responses to cellular stress can influence various stages of cancer development and progression. (thomasnet.com)
Many studies reported that some semaphorins are involved in the development of a permissive tumor niche, guiding cell-cell communication and, consequently, the development and progression, as well as the response to therapy, of different cancer histotypes, including melanoma. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence from many studies indicates that KCNKs is abnormally expressed in many solid tumors and plays a regulatory role in the development and malignant progression of cancer. (jcancer.org)
Solid tumors are now understood to have dynamic and unique tumor microenvironments (TMEs) that influence the immune response as well as tumor progression. (championsoncology.com)
All individuals were assessed from the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and were required to have measurable tumor lesions. (researchatlanta.org)
What makes the response of PDAC to immunotherapy different from the responses of other solid tumors is the specific host tissue. (biomedcentral.com)

Our findings reveal that NRPs may be a potential prognostic marker associated with immune infiltration, tumour mutations, and tumour microenvironment, particularly in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). (hindawi.com)
Moreover, blood vessels in the tumor microenvironment play a role in immunosuppression by creating physical barriers that prevent immune cell infiltration into the tumor. (yourhealthtoday.net)
The infiltration of multiple types of tumor-promoting immune cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and other immune cells, mediates immune evasion and tumor progression [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

60% of circulating tumor cells. (nature.com)

A multidimensional bioinformatics analysis was performed to examine the relationship between NRP genes and prognostic and pathological features, tumour mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and immunological features based on public databases and find the potential prognostic value of NRPs in pancancer. (hindawi.com)
2017). Tumor Mutational Burden as an Independent Predictor of Response to Immunotherapy in Diverse Cancers. (championsoncology.com)
Microsatellite-Stable Tumors with High Mutational Burden Benefit from Immunotherapy. (championsoncology.com)
Some tumor cell-inherent resistance mechanisms, such as the tumor mutational burden and aberrant expression of oncogenic pathways, restrain antitumor immunity [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Macrophages are emerging as major cellular factors in the tumor ecosystem that can influence the stem phenotype and cancer progression. (nature.com)
Furthermore, macrophages were shown to contribute to a niche that can support and maintain a breast CSC (BCSC) phenotype through heterotypic CD90/EphA4 signaling between macrophage and tumor cell 14 . (nature.com)
These cellular components can include cells of the innate immune system, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and eosinophils, as well as cells of the adaptive immune system, including CD4⁺ T regulatory cells (Tregs) and cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells. (ubc.ca)
However, the cellular origin for this gene expression is controversial as it is also known to be expressed in intestinal macrophages. (stanford.edu)
The presence and behavior of immune cells, such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), profoundly impact tumor growth and progression. (yourhealthtoday.net)
At tumor sites, monocytes differentiate into tumor-associated macrophages capable of inducing growth factors, proteases, angiogenic mediators, and cytokines such as TNFα, IL-1 and IL-6, and chemokines. (thomasnet.com)
The preclinical study demonstrated that the histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) acts in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to suppress T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. (newswise.com)
HRH1 was not present in cancer cells but was highly expressed in certain types of TAMs in the tumor microenvironment, known as M2-like macrophages, that contribute to immune suppression. (newswise.com)
In preclinical models, blocking HRH1 on macrophages - either by genetic knockout or antihistamine treatment - decreased the immune-suppressive activity of the TAMs, leading to increased T cell activation and inhibition of tumor growth. (newswise.com)
To understand how HRH1 in TAMs influences T cell activity, the researchers looked at additional regulatory receptors on the macrophages. (newswise.com)

In Chapter 4, I profiled the dynamic myeloid compartment following antigen specific CD8⁺ T cell-mediated tumor regression and recurrence. (ubc.ca)
I identified several potentially suppressive myeloid cell subsets, including TAMs and arginase-1ʰⁱ monocytic-MDSCs (M-MDSCs) that expand during CD8⁺ T cell-mediated tumor regression and subsequent recurrence, which may play a role in tumor regrowth. (ubc.ca)
They found that cells in this surgical margin acted as niches of recurrence where non-malignant glia were broadcasting pro-growth signals that influenced the tumor cells to regrow. (ucsf.edu)
These paracrine (cell extrinsic) signals stimulated the activator protein (AP1) pathway, leading to mesenchymal transition, therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. (ucsf.edu)
However, many patients who exhibit no clinical symptoms after frontline therapy subsequently suffer, often many years later, aggressive tumor recurrence. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor cell dormancy may help to explain treatment resistance and recurrence or metastatic reactivation. (biomedcentral.com)
The contributors first discuss the new research framework in terms of theoretical foundations and then take up the relevance of a systems approach, reviewing such topics as nonlinearity, recurrence after treatment, the cellular attractor concept, network theory, and noncoding DNA-the "dark matter" of our genome. (mit.edu)

they can also serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumors, as demonstrated in multiple studies [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Targeting specific components of the microenvironment has emerged as a promising approach for improving therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Understanding these components is essential for designing effective therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment to halt cancer progression. (yourhealthtoday.net)
This was the first time that researchers were able to comprehensively map intra-cellular signaling in the tumor-anatomical niches of recurrent GBM and identify novel cell-extrinsic therapeutic targets. (ucsf.edu)
This results in a complex interplay of diverse cellular signaling systems, where the immune cell component is now established to influence cancer progression and therapeutic response. (princeton.edu)
It is experimentally difficult and laborious to comprehensively and systematically profile these distinct cell types from heterogeneous tumor samples in order to capitalize on potential therapeutic and biomarker discoveries. (princeton.edu)
We also predict potential therapeutic strategies to target signals in the immune network in the abundant stromal microenvironment of PDAC. (biomedcentral.com)

In the microenvironment of a malignancy, tumor cells do not exist in isolation, but rather in a diverse ecosystem consisting not only of heterogeneous tumor-cell clones, but also normal cell types such as fibroblasts, vasculature, and an extensive pool of immune cells at numerous possible stages of activation and differentiation. (princeton.edu)
In the microenvironment TGFβ signaling affects several cell types such as immune cells (5) cancer-initiating cells (6 7 endothelial cells (8) and fibroblasts (9). (researchatlanta.org)
However, PDAC is characterized by an abundant tumor stroma that includes a heterogeneous mixture of immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, neurons and some molecular events. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition to its roles in the regulation of inflammatory diseases and the maintenance of local immune cells, CCL5 expressed by cancer cells plays diverse roles in shaping cancer microenvironments toward their own survival. (nature.com)
In this present study, we found that circIFT80 was abnormally overexpression in colorectal cancer tissues and tumor cells. (hindawi.com)
Cellular extensions also enable the cells to sense their environment. (wikipedia.org)
For example, cancer, the quintessential genetic disease, is being redefined by metabolic abnormalities, endowing tumours with the ability to outcompete normal cells in the tumour microenvironment. (ddw-online.com)
CSCs display the slow-migratory, invadopod-rich phenotype that is the hallmark of disseminating tumor cells. (nature.com)
For example, the epithelial−mesenchymal transition phenotype presents more cells with a lower degree of differentiation and greater cell dissociation in the ITF than in other tumor areas 14 , 15 . (nature.com)
The presence of neoplastic islands, classified as large or small according to the number of cells in the ITF, has been described as the most aggressive pattern compared to tumors with a more uniform growth pattern, as tumor invasion occurs in a more widespread manner as cellular islands or single cells 4 . (nature.com)
Tumour cell proliferation, metabolism and treatment response depend on the dynamic interaction of the tumour cells with other cellular components and physicochemical gradients present in the tumour microenvironment. (rug.nl)
These model systems aim to maintain tumour cells in an environment that resembles in vivo conditions. (rug.nl)
A prominent example of such a system is the microfluidic tumour-on-chip model, which aims to precisely control the local chemical and physical environment that surrounds the tumour cells. (rug.nl)
This enables the analysis of the dynamic interactions between different conditions and their potentially synergistic effects on tumour cells. (rug.nl)
In this review, we will discuss the various gradients present within the tumour microenvironment and the effects they exert on tumour cells. (rug.nl)
The aim of this thesis work is to interrogate the pro- and anti- tumorigenic roles myeloid cells play in primary and metastatic disease, and how these myeloid populations interact with cells of the adaptive immune system to influence anti-tumor immunity. (ubc.ca)
In Chapter 2, I examined how proteins secreted by cancer cells can promote a tumor-permissive microenvironment through the recruitment of suppressive innate and adaptive immune cells to the lungs. (ubc.ca)
Targeting tumor-secreted proteins, or the suppressive immune cells that are expanded in response to said proteins, led to a decrease in primary and metastatic pulmonary disease. (ubc.ca)
I demonstrated that using glucose restriction of CD8⁺ T cells in vitro led to improved tumor regression in vivo. (ubc.ca)
This thesis work aims to examine the diverse phenotype and function of myeloid cells in primary and metastatic disease, ultimately contributing to an improved understanding of the interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system in the solid tumor microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
When cancer cells dissociate from the original tumor and migrate via the blood stream to colonize distant organs, is the main cause of cancer death. (news-medical.net)
Primary tumors can spread towards distant organs as single cells, when they lose a protein called E-cadherin. (news-medical.net)
Malignant tumor, as a new "system" in the body, is gestated by the organic environment which is the time and space for a tumor system to survive and to proliferate, especially the microenvironment that is in close contact with cancer cells. (peerj.com)
However, it is still enigmatic about the exact processes in which RBPs-encoding genes and the relevant genes participate in transcriptome level during the biogenesis of secondary tumor in the activity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. (peerj.com)
It is now clear that response to therapeutics depends not only on properties of cancer cells, but is also influenced by normal cells, molecules, and tissues (including blood vessels and immune system cells) that surround and feed a tumour, so called tumour mircoenvironment. (ed.ac.uk)
Over the years scientists developed sophisticated methods to study properties of cancer cells and tumour microenvironment, including so called multi-omics approaches capable of analysing multiple features, such as cellular genomes or levels of expression and sequences of RNA molecules produced in different cells, at the same time. (ed.ac.uk)
Our study unveils that the contractile capsule actively compresses cancer cells, modulates their mechanical signaling, and reorganizes tumor morphology. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer immunotherapy, alone or in combination with conventional therapies, has revolutionized the landscape of antineoplastic treatments, with dendritic cells (DC) emerging as key orchestrators of anti-tumor immune responses. (bvsalud.org)
Under near-infrared laser irradiation, CVS NPs not only generate hyperthermia to ablate tumor cells but also catalytically yield superoxide radicals and induce endogenous NADH oxidation through the Seebeck effect. (bvsalud.org)
While earlier work characterized PDAC as an immunologically privileged tumor poorly recognized by the immune system, recent studies revealed the important and nuanced roles of immune cells in the pathogenesis of PDAC. (stanford.edu)
The development of this kind of tumour depends on a phenomenon called "oncogenic competence," which means that those cells that are "competent" to give rise to melanoma express genes that are not normally expressed by normal melanocytes (the cells that produce melanin in our skin). (usi.ch)
Moreover, several environmental factors may damage the DNA, alter cellular metabolism or affect the ability of cells to interact with their microenvironment. (nih.gov)
The tumor microenvironment comprises a complex network of cellular and non-cellular components that interact with tumor cells, influencing their behavior and promoting disease progression. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Immune cells play a key role in this microenvironment by either suppressing or facilitating tumor growth through intricate interactions with tumor cells. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Immune cells, such as those that can either suppress or facilitate tumor growth, are an essential component of the TME. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Immune cells such as T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are present within the tumor microenvironment and can either promote or inhibit tumor growth depending on their activation state. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Endothelial cells form blood vessels within the tumor microenvironment, facilitating nutrient supply to the growing tumor mass. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Interactions between immune cells and tumor cells play a crucial role in shaping the dynamics of the cellular ecosystem within tumors. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Immune cells can recognize tumor-specific antigens and initiate an anti-tumor immune response through activation of cytotoxic mechanisms or by releasing cytokines that modulate the tumor microenvironment. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Understanding these complex interactions between immune cells and tumor cells is essential for developing effective cancer immunotherapies aimed at restoring anti-tumor immunity and improving patient outcomes. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Blood vessels are essential conduits that deliver oxygen and nutrients to tumor cells, facilitating their growth and survival. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Targeting tumor cells or the tumor microenvironment (TME) are the two major fundamental principles for antitumor therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
The oncogenic communication with tumor cells and through the crosstalk of autocrine and paracrine components in almost all tumor types are responsible for this phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells are an important component of the TIME and are a significant predictor of cancer patients' survival. (biomedcentral.com)
The complex interplay between cancer cells and the TIME influences the outcome of immunotherapy and other anticancer therapy (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
During the tumor initiation stage, cancer cells escape from immune surveillance. (biomedcentral.com)
The stromal component interacts with tumor cells in complex crosstalk to support tumor growth. (biomedcentral.com)
These mesenchymal transitions were apparent in the tumor samples after therapy, along with increased numbers of cycling mesenchymal cells. (ucsf.edu)
From each tumor biopsy, they performed single-nucleus RNA-seq which measures transcriptome-wide gene expression in individual cells, for thousands of cells at a time. (ucsf.edu)
Here, we investigated the single-cell transcriptomes of tumor and immune cells from patients with gastroenteropancreatic NETs. (bu.edu)
In addition, adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1, ICAM-3, VCAM-1, and selectins, are expressed by various tumor cells and are often key factors in metastatic malignancy. (thomasnet.com)
Effective depletion of immune suppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment without triggering systemic autoimmunity is an important strategy for cancer immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
Both noninvasive-proliferative growth and invasive growth with individual cells that detach themselves from the primary tumor and migrate into the surrounding microenvironment are investigated. (princeton.edu)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)
γδ T cells recruited into the tumor microenvironment can act as effector cells to mediate cancer immune surveillance. (explorationpub.com)
However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
Therefore, an in-depth understanding of γδ T cells that play conflicting roles in the tumor microenvironment is necessary. (explorationpub.com)
These cells may be a key factor ultimately mediating the deviation of the antagonistic response between tumor inhibition and tumor promotion. (explorationpub.com)
According to current challenges, there is a need to explore innovative immunotherapies, maximize the tumor-killing efficacy of γδ T cells, and attenuate or eliminate tumor immunosuppression. (explorationpub.com)
Understanding the dormant stage of tumor cells may help in discovering ways to maintain the dormant state or permanently eliminate dormant residual disseminated tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor dormancy is a recognized clinical phenomenon in which disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) remain occult, asymptomatic, and undetectable over a prolonged period of time. (biomedcentral.com)
Dormancy can occur at the earliest stage of tumor development but also when remnant tumor cells escape treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
A tumor microenvironment that is altered (such as by frontline treatment) can mediate tumor cell entrance into, maintenance, and exit from dormancy through interaction with cells at niches, such as endothelial cells, stroma, or immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular dormancy is a state in which cells are in a quiescent state (the G0 phase). (biomedcentral.com)
In patients with prolonged clinical dormancy, the presence of dormant cells is often identified by their lack of the cellular proliferation marker Ki-67 as well as the lack of apoptotic markers [ 12 - 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors , a type of immunotherapy , work by blocking certain checkpoint proteins that regulate the activity of T cells, unleashing the T cells to mount an anti-tumor response and eliminate cancer cells. (newswise.com)
The mechanistic data demonstrated that HRH1 acts in TAMs to drive cells toward an immune-suppressive M2-like state and to increase membrane expression of the inhibitory checkpoint VISTA, ultimately leading to dysfunctional T cells and a suppressed anti-tumor response. (newswise.com)
Combined with flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, single-cell NGS methods such as scRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-Seq) allow scientists to measure to understand which cells are present in the TME. (championsoncology.com)
CIBERSORT and TIMER algorithms confirmed that there are significant differences in tumor-infiltrating immune cells in different risk groups. (techscience.com)
With the induction of such proteins the TGFβ signaling pathway influences cellular proliferation differentiation motility survival and apoptosis in tumor cells. (researchatlanta.org)
Stromal functions are identified to influence cancer cell traits.123,124 Therefore, it is probably that miRNA-mediated regulation in other cellular compartments in the tumor microenvironment also influences cancer cells. (gardos-channel.com)
Immune cells engage in extensive and dynamic crosstalk with stromal components in the tumor tissue in addition to tumor cells, which subsequently impacts tumor suppression or promotion to a large extent. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, we discuss how infiltrating immune cells influence PDAC development and explore the contributions of complex components to the immune landscape of tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
The overarching aim of our work is to generate basic knowledge about the interdependent way cells within a tumor relate to each other, as well as produce information that will be immediately useful for the design of clinical practice. (lu.se)
Epithelial cells are mainly responsible for the creation of the necessary microenvironments and their factors. (medscape.com)

Using histopathology-guided discovery proteomics, we analyze neoplastic islands and stroma from the invasive tumor front (ITF) and inner tumor to identify differentially expressed proteins. (nature.com)
We discussed the influence of altered miRNA expression within the stroma within the context of TNBC. (gardos-channel.com)

It is acknowledged that tumor-stromal cell communication is driven by a complex and dynamic network of cytokines, growth factors and proteases. (scite.ai)
While tumor expansion, contact-dependent or independent crosstalk between tumor and TIME affects the production of various cytokines that help in the polarization of antitumor immune response in the immunosuppressive TIME. (biomedcentral.com)
The cocktail of cytokines produced in the cancer microenvironment has important roles in cancer pathogenesis. (thomasnet.com)
The release of cytokines is stimulated by a variety of cellular stress responses, including carcinogen-induced injury, infection, and inflammation. (thomasnet.com)
In these cases, the function of cytokines is to stimulate host responses thus controlling cellular stress and minimizing cellular damage. (thomasnet.com)

We believe that decisive treatment benefit can only be achieved by targeting several of the cell types that collectively sustain tumor growth. (lu.se)
We believe that decisive treatment benefit can only be achieved by targeting distinct cell types and pathways that collectively sustain tumor growth. (lu.se)

however, the heterogeneous clinical behavior of GEP-NETs suggests that both cellular lineage dynamics and tumor microenvironment influence tumor pathophysiology. (bu.edu)
In this paper, we generalize a recently developed cellular automaton model for invasive tumor growth in heterogeneous microenvironments [Y. Jiao and S. Torquato, PLoS Comput. (princeton.edu)

Homozygous loss of band 9p21, the site for the tumor suppressor gene P16 , is a known early genetic event in the development of papillary carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS). (medscape.com)

Collectively, our results suggest that RUNX3-mediated CCL5 repression is critical for modulating anti-tumor immunity. (nature.com)

In this scenario, the identification of molecular biomarkers of response and the use of a multimodal in vivo imaging approach represent unique tools for better understanding tumor features, with the final goal of identifying a cluster of patients that are potential responders to personalized medicine. (mdpi.com)

Here, she used and developed proteome-wide technologies that allows the in-situ measurement of protein interactions with other proteins, metabolites and nucleic acids to understand their role in context-dependent cellular functions. (qmul.ac.uk)
This study is to explore the biogenesis mechanism of a secondary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the function of RNA binding proteins (RBPs)-encoding genes in the physiological microenvironment (PM). (peerj.com)
Notably, CVS NPs can accumulate inside mitochondria and deplete NADH, reducing ATP synthesis by competitively inhibiting the function of complex I, thereby down-regulating the expression of heat shock proteins to relieve tumor thermotolerance. (bvsalud.org)
Abstract Background Collagens are the most abundant proteins in extra cellular matrix and important components of tumor microenvironment. (president2010.info)
They discovered both proteins were elevated in the tumor microenvironment, but they did not appear to come from the same source. (newswise.com)

Metabolomics uses sophisticated analytical chemistry techniques, combined with software that provides computational methods, to reconstruct cellular pathways of interest. (ddw-online.com)
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Studies have shown that a high expression of neuropilins (NRPs) promotes tumourigenesis and tumour malignancy. (hindawi.com)
Tumour predisposition syndromes in which cancers arise at an accelerated rate and in different organs - the equivalent of a sensitized background - provide a unique opportunity to examine how gene-environment interactions influence cancer risk when the initiating genetic defect responsible for malignancy is known. (nih.gov)

Complex tumor-host interactions can significantly affect the growth dynamics and morphologies of progressing neoplasms. (princeton.edu)

Due to the continuous improvement of modern diagnostic methods and other factors, thyroid cancer (TC) has become one of the common malignant tumors [ 1 ]. (jcancer.org)

In my talk I will present data from histological and immunohistochemical as well as protein signaling pathway characterization of PDM in comparison to corresponding primary tumor tissue. (nmi.de)
Traditional experimental approaches used to investigate the dynamic tumour tissue face a number of limitations, such as lack of biological relevance for the tumour microenvironment and the difficulty to precisely control fluctuating internal conditions, for example in oxygen and nutrients. (rug.nl)
The 86 specimens contained the cellular tumor and adjacent non-malignant tissue from the surgical margin. (ucsf.edu)

Because of this prominent part several small-molecule inhibitors (SMI) have been developed to block the TGFβ signaling pathway with the intention to reduce tumor growth. (researchatlanta.org)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common form of malignant tumor and is characterized by high rates of proliferation and metastases. (hindawi.com)

There are two major reasons for this: the first is that it is still not easy to collect and analyse all relevant data from before and after treatment for patients with different tumour types, the second is related to a lack of good predictive models that would enable rapid translation of convoluted molecular and pathological information into a form that could be easily interpreted and utilised by clinicians. (ed.ac.uk)
Three molecular mechanisms involved in tumor dormancy have been identified: cellular dormancy (quiescence or mitotic arrest), angiogenic dormancy (limited tumor size), and immunologic dormancy (immunosurveillance, balance between clearance and proliferation) (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
In searching for factors that might influence responses to immunotherapy, we were surprised to discover that antihistamines, a mediator of the allergy response, were associated with significantly improved outcomes in patients," said study co-lead Yi Xiao, Ph.D., instructor of Molecular & Cellular Oncology . (newswise.com)

Understanding how the tumor microenvironment influences resistance to therapy is essential for overcoming treatment limitations. (yourhealthtoday.net)
To identify what drives treatment resistance to standard therapy, as well as the cellular source of recurrent disease, UCSF researchers used single-nucleus RNA, open-chromatin, spatial profiling to analyze 86 primary-recurrent, patient-matched, paired GBM specimens. (ucsf.edu)
In collaboration with oncologists in the Mass General Center for Thoracic Cancers, we have identified acquired secondary mutations and other genomic alterations that cause drug resistance in the tumors and blood of patients progressing after initial response to targeted therapies. (massgeneral.org)

Brain tumour is a dynamic microenvironment with several cell types (neuron, astrocyte, glioma cell and microglia) interacting with each other. (qmul.ac.uk)
The metabolic output of one cell type can vastly influence and reprogram systems within the cellular community. (qmul.ac.uk)
c) how does the metabolic output of one cell type influence the other cell types within the tumour microenvironment? (qmul.ac.uk)
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck malignant tumor and is ranked the eighth leading cause of cancer worldwide. (nature.com)
Thus, the ECM works as a reservoir for bioactive molecules that modulate tumor cell behavior. (scite.ai)
Dual-targeted nanomedicines can simultaneously target two tumor-specific factors that cause tumor MDR, which have the potential in overcoming tumor MDR superior to single-targeted nanomedicines by further enhancing cell uptake and cytotoxicity in new forms, as well as the effectiveness of tumor-targeted delivery. (bvsalud.org)
Distinct lymphoid, myeloid, and stromal cell types in the TME exert opposing influences on PDAC tumor trajectory, suggesting a more complex organization than the classical "hot" versus "cold" tumor distinction. (stanford.edu)
Blood vessels within the tumor provide oxygen and nutrients necessary for its growth, while also serving as conduits for cancer cell dissemination to distant sites. (yourhealthtoday.net)
For instance, tumors can downregulate antigen presentation molecules or secrete immunosuppressive factors that inhibit effector T cell function. (yourhealthtoday.net)
Recent studies have showed that aberrant expression of collagens can influence tumor cell behaviors. (president2010.info)
Therefore, understanding the TME and its immune cell components are equally important as cancer cell characteristics for tumor eradication. (biomedcentral.com)
Pro-growth signals from the tumor microenvironment, as well as the cell-intrinsic response to radiation therapy, drove the mesenchymal shift through a stress-response pathway mediated by AP1. (ucsf.edu)
Tumor and lymphoid compartments sparsely expressed immunosuppressive targets commonly investigated in clinical trials, such as the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death ligand-1 axis. (bu.edu)
Single-cell RNA-seq analyses of tumors treated with rMVA showed the depletion of OX40hiCCR8hi Tregs and expansion of IFN-responsive Tregs. (bvsalud.org)
One emerging solution to address this challenge is to computationally extract cell-type specific information directly from bulk tumors. (princeton.edu)
Using The Cancer Genome Atlas and other publicly available patient cancer data, the team also discovered that high expression of HRH1 in tumors was correlated with markers of T cell dysfunction, poor responses to checkpoint inhibitors and poorer survival outcomes. (newswise.com)
These are processed together in the cell and trigger a support mechanism to restore cellular balance (homeostasis). (goethe-university-frankfurt.de)
Our approach is highly translational, integrating assessment of clinical specimens with generation and analysis of patient-derived cell culture and mouse tumor xenograft (PDX) models, performed in close collaboration with clinicians in the MGH Thoracic Oncology group. (massgeneral.org)
Ingemar Ernberg is Professor of Tumor Biology at the Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology at the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm. (mit.edu)
Our aim is to molecularly map support functions performed by the various cell types comprising the tumor microenvironment. (lu.se)
The theoretical basis for marrow failure includes primary defects in or damage to the stem cell or the marrow microenvironment. (medscape.com)

Blood vessels in the TME provide oxygen and nutrients for tumor growth and dissemination. (yourhealthtoday.net)

Thermoelectric therapy has emerged as a promising treatment strategy for oncology, but it is still limited by the low thermoelectric catalytic efficiency at human body temperature and the inevitable tumor thermotolerance. (bvsalud.org)
Advances in preclinical oncology research are dependent on gaining insights into tumor biology and applying these insights to the development of novel diagnostics or therapeutics. (championsoncology.com)
2021). Validation of a Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Tumor Mutation Burden Analysis: Results from the Onconetwork Immuno-Oncology Consortium. (championsoncology.com)

However, tumors have developed various strategies to evade immune surveillance and promote their own survival. (yourhealthtoday.net)
PDAC exhibits an immunosuppressive microenvironment, the immune response predicts survival, and activation of immune system has the potential to produce an efficacious PDAC therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Dormancy can be induced by more than one mechanism: cellular dormancy (quiescence), angiogenic dormancy (tumor mass size limit), and immunologic dormancy (immunosurveillance, balance between proliferation and apoptosis). (biomedcentral.com)

CSCs have an enhanced ability to self-renew, which makes them uniquely capable of initiating and sustaining primary and metastatic tumor growth 3 . (nature.com)
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as an important factor in metastatic progression across cancers. (stanford.edu)

Both in vitro and in vivo results show notable tumor suppression efficacy, indicating that the concept of integrating PTET and mitochondrial metabolism modulation is highly feasible and offers a translational promise for realizing precise and efficient cancer treatment. (bvsalud.org)
Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a measurement of mutations within a tumor's genomic sequence and has emerged as a potential biomarker associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy. (championsoncology.com)

Here, we employ high-resolution intravital microscopy using a CSC biosensor to directly observe CSCs in live mice with mammary tumors. (nature.com)

a) how do activity-altering genetic mutations of key metabolic enzymes remodel cellular processes? (qmul.ac.uk)

This review discusses tumor MDR mechanisms and the latest achievements applied to dual-targeted nanomedicines in tumor MDR. (bvsalud.org)
In this context, Dr Baggiolini's laboratory will study the mechanisms that regulate the acquisition of "oncogenic competence" by skin melanocytes and how the cellular microenvironment influences this process. (usi.ch)
In the last years a huge amount of data has been obtained shedding novel insights on the mechanisms through which hypoxia affects tumor progression and response to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Through exploring the cellular mechanisms responsible for this, we have found that Rab27a participates in a membrane trafficking process in which mitochondrial material (including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)) is packaged into exosomes. (cam.ac.uk)
Over the past decade, numerous studies indicate that various mechanisms of tumor dormancy exist, including cellular dormancy (quiescence), angiogenic dormancy, and immunologic dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)
In this short review, we summarize recent experimental and clinical evidence for these three mechanisms and other possible tumor microenvironment mechanisms that may influence tumor dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanisms in tumor dormancy. (biomedcentral.com)

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare cancers that most often arise in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. (bu.edu)

We are interested in understanding how cellular metabolism and protein condensation are interlinked to the pathogenesis of brain tumour. (qmul.ac.uk)
P art of the explanation for this gap is that age related diseases are heavily influenced by changes in cellular metabolism. (ddw-online.com)
Measuring metabolism, either functionally or using metabolomics, provides insight into the dynamics of cellular energetics. (ddw-online.com)
These new and provocative scientific perspectives on metabolism are being driven by enabling advances in metabolomics - the study of metabolites that are transformed during metabolism and visualised as functional maps of cellular processes. (ddw-online.com)
Cellular DNA can be damaged by spontaneous hydrolysis, reactive oxygen species, aberrant cellular metabolism or other perturbations that cause DNA damage. (nih.gov)

Anatomy6

Organisms4

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes12

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Metastasis31

Heterogeneity10

Prognosis3

Extracellular matrix4

Stromal cells3

Angiogenesis5

Development and progression3

Solid tumors4

Infiltration3

Circulating tumor cells1

Mutational burden4

Macrophages10

Recurrence7

Therapeutic7

Fibroblasts3

Cells72

Stroma2

Cytokines5

Collectively sustain tumor growth2

Heterogeneous2

Suppressor1

Immunity1

Biomarkers1

Proteins5

Pathways2

Malignancy2

Interactions1

Malignant tumors1

Tissue3

Reduce tumor growth1

Colorectal cancer1

Molecular3

Resistance3

Cell21

Blood vessels1

Oncology3

Survival2

Apoptosis1

Metastatic2

Efficacy2

CSCs1

Mutations1

Mechanisms7

Neuroendocrine1

Metabolism5