MicroelectrodesDeep Brain StimulationStereotaxic TechniquesAction PotentialsElectrodes, ImplantedSubthalamic NucleusElectrophysiologyMembrane PotentialsGlobus PallidusNeuronsElectric StimulationCatsPotassiumEvoked PotentialsParkinson DiseaseGuinea PigsBrain MappingIon-Selective ElectrodesMuscle, SmoothSynaptic TransmissionElectrochemical TechniquesRats, Sprague-DawleyElectrochemistryPurkinje FibersElectrodesMicrotechnologyExtracellular SpacePatch-Clamp TechniquesElectric ConductivitySodiumNecturus maculosusBiosensing TechniquesElectric ImpedanceChloridesHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPapillary MusclesCalciumConductometryEquipment DesignEquipment Failure AnalysisTime FactorsTetrodotoxinHeart Conduction SystemElectrophysiological PhenomenaBicarbonatesFluorocarbon PolymersStrophanthidinNecturusElectroencephalographyIon ExchangeMicromanipulationDogsIontophoresisCarbonMicrochip Analytical ProceduresPotassium ChannelsMiniaturizationIon TransportGlassImplantable NeurostimulatorsRabbitsNeurophysiologyAmplifiers, ElectronicOxygenBrain WavesIon ChannelsSynapsesHeartMotor NeuronsPotassium Channel Blockers4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic AcidBariumCerebral CortexVideo RecordingSomatosensory Cortex4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic AcidSinoatrial NodeQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsAcetylcholinePartial PressureHelix (Snails)QuinidineOuabainNeuromuscular JunctionSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedAmilorideNeurons, AfferentNerve NetRetinaMusclesModels, NeurologicalVisual ProsthesisRats, WistarBrainSiliconMuscle ContractionNeural InhibitionVentricular FunctionHippocampusPhysical Stimulation