Microbial hypothesis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Microbial analysis of the microorganisms supported the researchers' hypothesis. (mpi-bremen.de)
We study the metabolism, physiology, and evolutionary ecology of microbial symbioses and uncultured microorganisms. (ncsu.edu)
Some hypotheses point to the direct activity of the metazoans, such as the predation of microorganisms that formed the microbial mats, as the reason for the decrease in the occurrence of microbialites since the beginning of Phanerozoic. (geoscienceworld.org)
We are interested in the factors that influence the spatial and temporal variability in microbial communities and how the microorganisms, in turn, control biogeochemistry in soil. (lu.se)

The hygiene hypothesis: do fewer childhood infections equal more allergic diseases? (harvard.edu)
Surge in allergic disorders unexplained by the hygiene hypothesis, challenging assumptions about early-life microbial exposure and its role in allergies. (lifeboat.com)
Many parents and caregivers will be familiar with the so-called hygiene hypothesis , even if they do not know it by name. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Prof. Bloomfield and colleagues write that while "evidence supports the concept of immune regulation driven by microbe-host interactions, the term 'hygiene hypothesis' is a misleading misnomer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
There is no good evidence that hygiene, as the public understands, is responsible for the clinically relevant changes to microbial exposures. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The authors point to the post-hygiene hypothesis theory known as the old friends (OF) mechanism . (medicalnewstoday.com)
Data from the Prevention of Allergy: Risk Factors for Sensitization in Children Related to Farming and Anthroposophic Lifestyle (PARSIFAL) Study and the Multidisciplinary Study to Identify the Genetic and Environmental Causes of Asthma in the European Community Advanced (GABRIELA) reinforce the concept of the hygiene hypothesis. (medscape.com)
The hygiene hypothesis of atopy was first introduced in 1989, [ 1 ] but there has not been a uniform definition of the term. (medscape.com)
Cite this: Farm Living Study Confirms the Hygiene Hypothesis - Medscape - Sep 16, 2016. (medscape.com)
Some evidence suggests that reduced microbial exposure during infancy and early childhood result in a slower postnatal maturation of the immune system through a reduction of the number of T regulatory (T reg ) cells and a possible delay in the progression to an optimal balance between TH 1 and TH 2 immunity, which is crucial to the clinical expression of allergy and asthma (hygiene hypothesis). (medscape.com)

Overall, selection unsurprisingly predominantly shapes these microbial communities, but we show the balance of neutral processes also have a significant role in defining community assemblage in eukaryotic microbes. (nature.com)
Second, we will map the genetic architecture of MDH to identify genomic loci whose effect on heterosis is dependent on the microbial environment, and test for a genetic correlation with loci underlying resistance to a variety of pathogenic microbes in the field. (ncsu.edu)
It could be anything from two species, all the way up to 15 or 20 different species of microbes living together in what we call microbial playgrounds on the surface of cheese. (sciencefriday.com)
Increasing SOC above the threshold value shifted the soil microbes towards a new equilibrium where N became growth limiting, leading to a more efficient acquisition of C. The shift in microbial N accrual was preluded by high variation in microbial biomass N in soils containing 0.5-0.9% SOC indicative of a regime shift between microbial stoichiometric equilibria. (springer.com)
The project will characterise the evolution of long-term human-associated eukaryotes and prokaryotes, using high-precision metagenomics of elusive microbes, studying the microbial genetics of their gastrointestinal persistence, and estimating pro- and eukaryotic strain persistence across human generations. (europa.eu)
This study was performed to test the hypothesis that microbes have a role in switching on IFN-alpha synthesis. (gla.ac.uk)

Aquatic Microbial Ecology. (usc.edu)

By applying this model to phylogenetic marker sequencing data collected from stable-isotope probing studies, we estimate rates of growth, mortality, and turnover for individual microbial populations within soil assemblages. (osti.gov)
Because it can be applied to environmental samples, the approach we present is broadly applicable to measuring population growth, mortality, and associated biogeochemical process rates of microbial taxa for a wide range of ecosystems and can help reveal how individual microbial populations drive biogeochemical fluxes. (osti.gov)
First, we will test a wide range of individual microbial strainsas well as naturally-occurring soil biota for the ability to induce MDH. (ncsu.edu)

Some investigations into virus-bacteria interactions in laboratory settings have suggested viruses play a major role in maintaining microbial diversity and provided more evidence in support of KtW. (wikipedia.org)
In this way, viruses can prevent the dominance of one species in any particular niche, which maintains microbial diversity and presents a solution to the paradox of the plankton. (wikipedia.org)
Moreover, the contribution of spatial distribution to the microbial community assembly was investigated via aggregated boosted tree (ABT) analyses, and the results indicated spatial isolation was not a major factor affecting the phylogenetic diversity and phylotypes of water microbial communities. (frontiersin.org)
In recent years metagenomics led to notable breakthroughs in describing this microbial diversity, yet 50-90% of species are typically present at too low abundance to be genome or strain resolved. (europa.eu)
[ 7 ] Using a cross-sectional design, the authors compared children living on farms to those in a reference group with respect to the prevalence of asthma and to the diversity of microbial exposure. (medscape.com)

However, the inability to measure population-specific rates, such as growth, for microbial taxa within natural assemblages has limited ecologists' understanding of how microbial populations interact to regulate ecosystem processes. (osti.gov)
We have a limited understanding of the relative contributions of different processes that regulate microbial communities, which are crucial components of both natural and agricultural ecosystems. (nature.com)
Microbial communities are ubiquitous in all environments on Earth that support life, and they play crucial roles in global biogeochemical cycles, plant and animal health, and biotechnological processes. (ncsu.edu)
Consequently, the microbial quality of the water was unsatisfactorily independent of any other processes (e.g. runoff). (usda.gov)
Recently, we have also started to integrate insights into the environmental controls of microbial processes into biogeochemical models at microcosm, Ecosystem and global scales ( postdoc Dr. Albert Brangari and collaborators Dr. David Wårlind , Dr. Paul Miller , PhD student Adrian Gustafsson and Dr. Stefano Manzoni (Stockholm University). (lu.se)
Special attention is paid to the release of CO 2 from planktonic microbial processes and on the transfer of organic carbon through aquatic food webs. (lu.se)

Moreover, organic matter (in both particulate and dissolved forms) may be a major factor that controls the composition and structure of microbial communities in marine waters ( Dang and Lovell, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
Hence an emerging hypothesis posits that environment- or lifestyle-driven aberrancies in the early-life gut microbiome composition and by extension, microbial function, represent a key mediator of childhood allergic asthma. (nih.gov)
Biological composition and microbial dynamics of sinking particulate organic matter at abyssal depths in the open ocean. (usc.edu)
There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)

Soil microbial C:N:P stoichiometry and microbial maintenance respiration (i.e. metabolic quotient, qCO 2 ) were monitored along a nutrient gradient in soils from a 52-year space-for-time chronosequence of reclaimed agricultural land after brown-coal mining. (springer.com)
2018 ). Traditionally, the build-up and persistence of soil organic C (SOC) were thought to depend on the chemical 'recalcitrance' of plant inputs to decomposition, yet recent research provides compelling evidence for microbial necromass as the main contributor to the stable SOM fraction in soils (Kallenbach et al. (springer.com)
2017 ). This theory implies a reconsideration of the build-up and maintenance of soil carbon stocks, which requires a better understanding and management of soil microbial biomass (Fang et al. (springer.com)
Recently we have started to use the dependence of microbial growth on environmental factors (e.g. moisture, temperature, pH, salinity, etc) to determine the trait distributions of whole microbial communities in soil. (lu.se)

Environmental microbial exposures epidemiologically associated with allergy protection in humans confer protection against airway allergy in mice. (nih.gov)

Because it assumes environmental conditions are stable, it can only predict population dynamics over a small time frame relative to a microbial community's history. (wikipedia.org)
The effects of environmental factors on water microbial communities have been extensively studied, but little is known about the effects in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
We analyzed 16S rRNA gene amplicons to determine the principal environmental factors that shape the structure and function of microbial communities in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems from Guangdong and Hainan provinces, in China. (frontiersin.org)
Collectively, these results showed that environmental factors influenced the structure and function of water microbial communities, while salinity was the principal environmental factor instead of temperature, TP, TN, and pH in shrimp cultural enclosure ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
This data suggest the novel hypothesis that environmental toxicants prime the gravid uterus for exaggerated inflammatory responses to microbial invasion (Figure 3A). (vanderbilt.edu)
Results of this work will be of use for a wide range of environmental professionals concerned with microbial quality of water from freshwater sources. (usda.gov)
Therefore, establishing a hypothesis about which factors may have contributed to the problem is a critical component guiding an environmental investigation. (cdc.gov)
The link between microbial communities and their functional contribution has also led to several lines of inquiry where we investigate how microbial resource use-efficiencies (growth efficiencies, C-use efficiencies, N-use efficiencies) depend on environmental factors and perturbations . (lu.se)

In Microbial Stress Tolerance: From Genomics to Biofuels. (tu-dresden.de)

Typically, human feeding trial data has been used to describe this relationship for several microbial pathogens. (fao.org)
This focus on a predominant cause of infections (ie, microbial pathogens) ultimately led to medical and public health advances (eg, immunization, pasteurization, antibiotics). (cdc.gov)

The results clearly show that something in Amish house dust is capable of preventing allergic sensitization, probably owing to endotoxin or other microbial products. (medscape.com)

influence microbial community structure in different ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
A growing number of studies have addressed the patterns and functions of microbial communities in the waters of different ecosystems. (frontiersin.org)
Birds' feathers harbor sophisticated microbial ecosystems that include parasites, mutualists, and even predators amongst one another (Shawkey et al. (kenyon.edu)

Microbial dysbiosis: has the modern/Western diet and lifestyle changed our microbiome? (harvard.edu)
and (2) that the development of host-free microbiome model systems could be useful for rapidly screening pesticides against functionally distinct microbial catalogues of interest. (researchgate.net)
Testing hypotheses about the microbiome using the linear decomposition model (LDM). (cdc.gov)

The leading explanation for the evolutionary origin of eukaryotic cells is the endosymbiont hypothesis. (reasons.org)

Culture-based microbiological studies indicate that atopy has demonstrable ties to altered gut microbial colonization in very early life. (nih.gov)

That suggests a microbial expansion. (greencarcongress.com)

2019. SSU-rRNA gene sequencing survey of benthic microbial eukaryotes from Guaymas Basin hydrothermal vent. (usc.edu)

OD consisting of microbial products and particulate matter and OD exposure-induced respiratory inflammation are under investigation. (cdc.gov)

This 2-hit hypothesis is supported by our in vitro models using isolated human endometrial cells, which following TCDD exposure, exhibit an enhanced response to an inflammatory challenge related to infection (e.g. (vanderbilt.edu)
Therefore, we tested a hypothesis that OD exposure-induced secreted mt-DNA signaling drives the inflammation. (cdc.gov)

Morganti explains: "Our analysis revealed that the sponges have microbial symbionts that are able to use old organic matter. (mpi-bremen.de)

The EU-funded EPYC project is based on the hypothesis that low abundance pro- and eukaryotes persist for multiple generations in the human host, indicating their importance. (europa.eu)

The availability of these unusual data also helps explore mechanisms underlying microbial genome size evolution. (nature.com)
We showed that genome size is negatively correlated with mutation rate and positively correlated with effective population size across 30 bacterial and archaeal lineages, suggesting that increased mutation rate and random genetic drift are likely two important mechanisms driving microbial genome reduction. (nature.com)

This should be reflected in microbial genetic adaption, also indicating which genes are likely important to successfully colonize the human gut. (europa.eu)

We used case-case analysis to compare cases of Campylobacter coli infection with cases of C. jejuni infection, to generate hypotheses for infection from standardized, population-based sentinel surveillance information in England and Wales. (cdc.gov)
Eating poultry has long been a leading hypothesis for spread of campylobacter infection, but few case-control studies have identified it as a major risk factor except in a commercial context ( 9 - 11 ). (cdc.gov)
Its aim is to generate hypotheses for human campylobacter infection by using a systematic, integrated epidemiologic and microbiologic approach. (cdc.gov)
This project will develop an instrumented fetal membrane on-a-chip (IFMOC) using primary cultures of human fetal membranes as a medium-throughput system in which to specifically identify toxicants that amplify the response to microbial infection at the maternal-fetal interface and subsequently jeopardize the existing pregnancy (Fig. 3A). (vanderbilt.edu)
In "The Infection-Chronic Disease Link Strengthens,"1 there are comments about the utility of Koch's postulates: "The first criterion remains--the microbial culprit must be present. (the-scientist.com)
Maturation of T cell-activating APCs directly links innate and adaptive immunity and is typically triggered by microbial infection. (jci.org)

The "Kill the Winner" hypothesis was first raised in a 1997 study of theoretical models for marine bacterial populations. (wikipedia.org)
The growth of microbial populations is among the few phenomena capable of increasing carbon production exponentially, or even faster. (greencarcongress.com)

We tested this hypothesis with data on flow and bacteria concentrations in a creek in Southern Pennsylvania. (usda.gov)
Scientists have previously observed signs of similar biomaterials in fossils, but studies have lacked sufficient evidence to rule out the idea that these materials come from bacteria or other microbial intruders. (acs.org)
Broadcast of microbial aerosols by stacks of sewage treatment plants and effects of ozonation on bacteria in the gaseous effluent. (cdc.gov)

Due to their cryptic nature, it is relatively more challenging to examine patterns in microbial than macrobial communities. (nature.com)
The results of these experiments will clarify the microbial features and patterns of plant immune activity that result in MDH. (ncsu.edu)

The MIT proposal that the disruption of the carbon cycle resulted from the emergence of a new microbial metabolic pathway that enabled efficient conversion of marine organic carbon to methane also relies on a secondary effect of the volcanism-the nickel associated with the volcanic event. (greencarcongress.com)

Massively parallel next-generation sequencing technologies have allowed significant leaps forward in the power with which we may sample microbial communities. (nature.com)
Furthermore, we predicted water microbial community functional profiling using the PICRUSt program and principal component analyses (PCA) suggested that salinity was a major contributor to the structure and function of the microbial communities. (frontiersin.org)
Future determinations of the unbiased mutation rate of more representative lineages with highly reduced genomes such as Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacterales that dominate marine microbial communities are essential to test these hypotheses. (nature.com)
Lately, the idea was challenged that most animals harbor beneficial microbial communities. (uni-giessen.de)
It also investigates whether any interaction between the microbial communities and metazoans affected the morphology of the microbialites. (geoscienceworld.org)

The "Kill the Winner" hypothesis is related to the paradox of the plankton, which is an observation that many planktonic species exist despite having similar resource requirements. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we determined that unbiased mutation rate of a representative species, Thermococcus eurythermalis , exceeded that of all known free-living prokaryotes by 1-2 orders of magnitude, and thus rejected the long-standing hypothesis that low mutation rates were selectively favored in hyperthermophiles. (nature.com)
However, most microbial species from a given habitat cannot be cultured and thus cannot be experimentally characterized in the laboratory. (ncsu.edu)
More than 200 microbial species inhabit each human gut and are important for human health, supporting nutrition, pathogen defence and immune homeostasis. (europa.eu)

Abundant subrecent microbialites and modern microbial mats occur in the Holocene lagoon Lagoa Salgada, Brazil, and its association with metazoans is remarkable. (geoscienceworld.org)

The project takes advantage of human longitudinal birth cohort data, animal studies and cellular models to test the hypothesis of shared mechanisms and molecular pathways by which ELS shapes an individual's physical and mental health in adulthood. (plos.org)

EPYC will develop the next-generation of high-resolution metagenomics of an extended taxonomic range, enabling me to research microbial evolution in the human gut. (europa.eu)
This contribution describes the various modern and fossil microbial biofacies and elucidates the paleoenvironmental evolution. (geoscienceworld.org)
The results, they suggested, highlight the sensitivity of the Earth system to microbial evolution. (greencarcongress.com)

First, we show that geochemical signals indicate superexponential growth of the marine inorganic carbon reservoir, coincident with the extinction and consistent with the expansion of a new microbial metabolic pathway. (greencarcongress.com)
They support their hypothesis with an analysis of carbon isotopic changes leading up to the extinction, phylogenetic analysis of methanogenic archaea, and measurements of nickel concentrations in South China sediments. (greencarcongress.com)
While there are many contrasting hypotheses about the source of these emissions, there is general agreement that they are driven by diffuse terrestrial leaching of CO 2 via groundwater, and of reactive organic carbon that has a potential to be degraded into CO 2 and CH 4 in the aquatic environment. (lu.se)

Before we unpack the work by the Japanese investigators and its implications for the endosymbiont hypothesis, a quick review of this cornerstone idea in evolutionary theory is in order. (reasons.org)

The results of canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) indicated that salinity, total phosphate (TP), total nitrogen (TN), temperature, and pH were the most important factors shaping microbial community structure. (frontiersin.org)
Differences in microbial community structure between high and low salinity samples were explained by changes in the relative abundances of some OTUs (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
ACS's Premium Package gives you full access to C&EN and everything the ACS Community has to offer. (acs.org)
This development has created a causal link between community structure and function, where we can measure the functional consequences of the alignment (or misalignment) of microbial community trait distributions to their environment. (lu.se)

Most of the evidence for the endosymbiont hypothesis centers around the fact that m itochondria are about the same size and shape as a typical bacterium and have a double membrane structure like gram-negative cells. (reasons.org)
However, this hypothesis is controversial due to the lack of direct evidence pointing to metazoan effects. (geoscienceworld.org)

Here we test this hypothesis by determining the pressures retroelements exert on simple genomes. (aps.org)

That paper estimated the fraction of different microbial illnesses that were attributed to different food categories. (cdc.gov)

These findings suggested that there is a basal level of IFN-alpha production by macrophages, which is not dependent on microbial products, but that such microbial products can enhance synthesis of this cytokine. (gla.ac.uk)

The objective of this work was to investigate the hypothesis that FIB release occurs also during base flow. (usda.gov)

While the KtW model is widely applicable to different trophic levels and complex microbial systems, it has many limitations. (wikipedia.org)
A widely accepted hypothesis is that dying cells in the graft release "danger" molecules that induce APC maturation and initiate the adaptive alloimmune response. (jci.org)

In conclusion, this is a hypothesis generating study that is the first of its kind to identify plasma proteins and proteomic signatures that are associated with added sugar and SSB intake. (lu.se)

This appears to support the hypothesis that selection favors high replication fidelity at high temperature [ 5 ]. (nature.com)

You'll pick from a range of topics offered by the molecular plant and microbial sciences research groups. (imperial.ac.uk)

however, it is unclear how grafts induce APC maturation in the absence of microbial-derived signals. (jci.org)

Our data revealed sudden shifts in microbial stoichiometry and metabolic quotient with increasing SOC at a critical value of 1% SOC. (springer.com)

Animal studies support this hypothesis. (nih.gov)
Also, there are many statements about microbial abundances higher in a certain experimental group without statistical support. (peerj.com)

However, subsets of women with microbial contamination of the amniotic cavity carry their pregnancy to term, suggesting host factors likely influence the risk for CAM-associated PTB. (vanderbilt.edu)

Microbial quality of water is evaluated by measuring concentrations of the indicator bacterium, E. coli. (usda.gov)
This finding indicates that there may be a disconnect between management practices regarding animal waste and manures on the one hand, and microbial quality of water on the other hand, unless sediment-borne E. coli contributions to the water column are taken into account. (usda.gov)

Anatomy23

Organisms23

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment55

Psychiatry and Psychology20

Phenomena and Processes90

Disciplines and Occupations10

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Humanities1

Information Science9

Named Groups1

Health Care29

Microorganisms4

Hygiene10

Microbes6

Ecology1

Individual microbial3

Diversity5

Processes6

Composition4

Soil4

Exposures1

Environmental8

Genomics1

Pathogens2

Allergic1

Ecosystems3

Microbiome3

Eukaryotic1

Colonization1

Suggests1

20191

Particulate1

Exposure2

Symbionts1

Eukaryotes1

Genome2

Genetic1

Infection6

Populations2

Bacteria3

Patterns2

Emergence1

Communities5

Species4

Abundant1

Mechanisms1

Evolution3

Carbon3

Evolutionary1

Community4

Evidence2

Test1

Fraction1

Dependent1

Investigate1

Widely2

Study1

Temperature1

Molecular1

Induce1

Data1

Support2

Influence1

Coli2