Mice radiation injuries. Medical search. Frequent questions

This study describes the potential for orally consumed goji berry juice to alter the photodamage induced in the skin of mice by acute solar simulated UV (SSUV) irradiation. (nih.gov)
CpG ODN may reduce the injury of reactive oxygen species and adjust the serum TNF-α concentration in the mice after irradiation, which reduces the generation of the inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
Before irradiation, mice were anesthetized by injecting intraperitoneal 4 μl/g body mass of 10 % chloral hydrate. (biomedcentral.com)
After the accurate positioning of irradiation area of mice with the simulator, single dose of 20 Gy of 6 MV X-rays was delivered to a 2 cm × 2 cm area in the left lung at a rate of 2.0 Gy/min. (biomedcentral.com)
Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is the most common cause of radiation injury to the eye. (molvis.org)
In this study, we utilized mice lacking a critical regulator of necroptosis, receptor interacting protein 3 (RIP3) kinase, to characterize the role of RIP3 in normal tissue toxicity after irradiation. (bioone.org)
Growth hormone mitigates against lethal irradiation and enhances hematologic and immune recovery in mice and nonhuman primates. (duke.edu)
BALB/c mice were irradiated with 7.5 Gy and treated post-irradiation with rhGH intravenously at a once daily dose of 20 microg/dose for 35 days. (duke.edu)
rhGH protected 17 out of 28 mice (60.7%) from lethal irradiation while only 3 out of 28 mice (10.7%) survived in the saline control group. (duke.edu)
Our data demonstrate that rhGH promotes hematopoietic engraftment and immune recovery post the exposure of ionizing radiation and mitigates against the mortality from lethal irradiation even when administered after exposure. (duke.edu)
Additionally, when the researchers studied mice lacking revSC, they found that those mice, after irradiation, had decreased proliferation, intestinal crypt numbers and crypt length, while uninjured ones had intestines similar to wild-type mice. (genomeweb.com)
The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of two drug therapies, Donepezil and 3,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM), that could be used to either protect the brain from radiation injury or cure the cognitive injury and behavioral deficits that result from whole-brain irradiation. (purdue.edu)
Based on newly discovered mechanisms of radiation damage - oxidation of cardiolipin by cytochrome c in mitochondria as a required stage in radiation- induced apoptosis - we designed and synthesized mitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphonium-conjugated imidazole-substituted oleic (TPP-OA) which prevented/mitigated cell death induced by irradiation and protected C57BL6 mice against total body irradiation. (cdc.gov)
Mice bearing in their legs 8-mm isotransplants of a murine mammary carcinoma, designated MCA-4, were treated with 33 mg/kg docetaxel i.v., 9-21 Gy single-dose local tumor irradiation, or both (in which case radiation was given 9 or 48 h after docetaxel). (aacrjournals.org)
the mice were treated with 33 mg/kg docetaxel i.v. 3, 9, or 48 h before irradiation. (aacrjournals.org)
In contrast, it only slightly enhanced radiation-induced damage of the jejunum and only when given 3 or 9 h before irradiation. (aacrjournals.org)
We examined the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of a developmental radiation countermeasure, γ-tocotrienol (GT3), in a total-body irradiation (TBI) mouse model. (tocotrienolresearch.org)
CD2F1 mice received GT3 24 h prior to 11 Gy cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation. (tocotrienolresearch.org)
Nos travaux ont permis de mettre en évidence la répartition spatiale et le taux de prise de greffe des CSM injectées par voie intraveineuse (IV) dans un organisme en fonction de la configuration pour une irradiation gamma. (radioprotection.org)
En revanche, le taux de CSMh implantées est plus important au niveau des zones irradiées à forte dose, suggérant que la colonisation des CSMh dans les tissus après irradiation est dépendante de la configuration d'irradiation. (radioprotection.org)
A week later, after being shipped back to UCSF, some of the mice were treated for 15 days with PLX5622, a drug produced by Berkeley-based pharmaceutical company Plexxikon, Inc, and which the Rosi lab had previously shown to prevent cognitive deficits in a mouse model of cancer radiation therapy when administered prior to irradiation of the brain. (ucsf.edu)
Treatment of mice with rosemary extract prior to irradiation is reported herein to prolong life and reduce the symptoms of radiation sickness. (tfljournal.org)
Treatment of animals with rosemary extract (1000 mg/ kg body wt) prior to irradiation was found to delay the onset of mortality and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness such as ruffled hairs, lethargy, anorexia and diarrhea in comparison to radiation alone treated animals. (tfljournal.org)
Recruitment of CD11b + CD11c + myelomonocytic cells to the metastatic site was also found after whole thorax irradiation at a dose of 15 Gy of mice that significantly enhanced seeding and metastatic growth of intravenously injected cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, mice on a fiber-rich diet were completely protected from irradiation-induced bacterial infiltration and exhibited a similar serum cytokine profile as sham-irradiated mice on a fiber-rich diet. (lu.se)

Anakinra, an IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical use, ameliorated radiation-induced injury and inflammation. (bmj.com)

Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. (aacrjournals.org)
Established almost 40 years ago to breed and house mice specifically for radiation experiments, the UCLA Department of Radiation Oncology's Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology (DMCO) manages one of the highest quality AALAC-accredited Mouse Cores in the country that now services more than 120 researchers at UCLA. (uclahealth.org)
Radiation does cause a type of injury, but it's different from catheter ablation," said co-author and radiation oncologist Julie K. Schwarz, MD, PhD , professor of radiation oncology and director of the Cancer Biology Division in the Department of Radiation Oncology . (wustl.edu)

The radiation-induced lung injury is a common complication from radiotherapy in lung cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
More work with larger sample size and different cancer types need to be conducted to understand the influence of radiotherapy on gut microbiome to mitigate the deleterious impact of radiation on treated children. (peerj.com)
One other way that these hormonal problems can arise is as a side-effect of radiotherapy, more specifically, radiation used to prevent the spread of cancer to the brain. (catalyst-magazine.org)
Radiotherapy is one of the most effective approaches to achieve tumor control in cancer patients, although healthy tissue injury due to off-target radiation exposure can occur. (crick.ac.uk)

The mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury was established by a single dose of 20 Gy X-rays exposure to the left lung. (biomedcentral.com)
Corneal oxidative damage was induced by exposure to UVB radiation at 560 μW/cm 2 . (molvis.org)
Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation can cause lethal injury to normal tissue, thus inducing acute radiation syndrome. (bioone.org)
Although radiation initiates apoptosis in the hematopoietic and gastrointestinal compartments within the first few hours after exposure, alternative mechanisms of cell death may contribute to injury in these radiosensitive tissues. (bioone.org)
In addition, events such as the explosions at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March of 2011 ignite concerns of radiation exposure, which can lead to radiation-induced injury. (medscape.com)
Specifically, the recovery of total white cells, CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets, B cells, NK cells and especially platelets post radiation exposure were significantly accelerated in the rhGH-treated mice. (duke.edu)
Increasing likelihood of intended or accidental exposure to ionizing radiation dictates the necessity to develop effective medical countermeasures of radiation injury as has been recognized as a high priority both in the US and worldwide. (cdc.gov)
Disasters from nuclear reactor meltdown, dirty bomb or nuclear bomb explosion emit lots of ionizing radiation, exposure to which causes acute and chronic radiation sickness. (oncotarget.com)
Now the lab of UCSF neuroscientist Susanna Rosi , PhD, has identified the first potential treatment for the brain damage caused by exposure to cosmic rays - a drug that prevents memory impairment in mice exposed to simulated space radiation. (ucsf.edu)
Rosi's team has previously found that exposing mice to simulated space radiation causes problems with memory, social interactions, and anxiety, and has linked these symptoms of radiation exposure to activation of cells called microglia - part of the brain's immune system. (ucsf.edu)
Research on the use of plant extracts to protect against radiation exposure is not widely known, however the low toxicity and minimal side effects of many plant products are well known in both western science and traditional medicine. (tfljournal.org)

Although toxicity was the limiting factor in the early years, advancements in technology made in delivering high doses of radiation possible to selected localized tissue targets, resulted in increased efficacy and increased utilization of radiation in the armamentarium of cancer therapy. (medscape.com)
Although radiation injury can occur at doses of less than 40 Gy, serious injury usually occurs at doses greater than 50 Gy. (medscape.com)
The window of safety is narrow or perhaps nonexistent because the doses that cause injury are very close to the doses needed for therapy. (medscape.com)
Radiological incidents or terrorist attacks would likely expose civilians and military personnel to high doses of ionizing radiation, leading to the development of acute radiation syndrome. (tocotrienolresearch.org)
The study also suggests that the same cellular reprogramming effect could be achieved with lower doses of radiation, opening the door to the possibility of wider uses for radiation therapy in different types of cardiac arrhythmias. (wustl.edu)
1995). Effects of Low Doses and Low Dose Rates of External Ionizing Radiation: Cancer Mortality Among Nuclear Industry Workers in Three Countries. (cdc.gov)

Acute radiation syndrome is caused by depletion of bone marrow cells (hematopoietic syndrome) and irreparable damage to the epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal syndrome). (bioone.org)
Compared with the saline control group, treatment with rhGH on irradiated BALB/c mice significantly accelerated overall hematopoietic recovery. (duke.edu)
This dose of radiation induces severe hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome and moderate gastrointestinal injury. (tocotrienolresearch.org)

In this study, we found the co-agonist of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5, heat-killed salmonella typhimurium (HKST) significantly inhibited radiation-induced cell apoptosis, increased cell survival and alleviated DNA damage. (oncotarget.com)

HKST also prolonged animal survival and protected radiosensitive tissues against radiation damages, such as bone marrow, spleen and testis. (oncotarget.com)

In this study, we investigated the ability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) to mitigate against radiation injury in mice and nonhuman primates. (duke.edu)
The vitamin E analog gamma-tocotrienol (GT3) is a promising radioprotector in mice and nonhuman primates (NHP). (tocotrienolresearch.org)

Although wild-type mice displayed normal morphology 15 days after injury, tissue regeneration remained incomplete in mice lacking keratin 15 + cells. (jci.org)
Transmission of the radiation-altered microbiota into germ-free wild-type mice rendered them susceptible to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and radiation injury. (bmj.com)

Currently, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical countermeasures for GI radiation injury. (tocotrienolresearch.org)

Katherine D. Castle , Andrea R. Daniel , Everett J. Moding , Lixia Luo , Chang-Lung Lee , and David G. Kirsch "Mice Lacking RIP3 Kinase are not Protected from Acute Radiation Syndrome," Radiation Research 189(6), 627-633, (10 April 2018). (bioone.org)
A research paper published in the January 12, 2018 issue of Oncotarget reveals protective effects for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or SAMe) against cancer growth, invasion and metastasis in human breast cancer cells and in a mouse model of the disease. (lifeextension.com)

This study aimed to examine the effect of CpG ODN on acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
The study demonstrated that CpG ODN has preventive effects of acute radiation-induced lung injury in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
But there is no research on the effects of CpG ODN to acute radioactive lung injury. (biomedcentral.com)
This study is a preliminary exploration on the effects of CpG ODN to acute radioactive lung injury in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Carnosine may reduce lung injury caused by radiation therapy. (wikipedia.org)

Results: HBOT treatment resulted in accelerated growth of non-irradiated tumors, but mouse survival was improved. (eur.nl)
Studies have explored the effects of C60 derivatives on tumor growth, metastasis, and survival in mice and rats . (healthline.com)
Proximal jejunum was assessed for structural injuries and crypt survival on day 4 and 7. (tocotrienolresearch.org)

Using transgenic mice with marked endogenous Clu, the researchers found that Clu-GFP-positive cells were rare in healthy intestines, but increased in number following radiation, especially as Lgr5-GFP-positive cells are lost. (genomeweb.com)
We carry over 140 strains of immune competent, immune deficient, and transgenic mice. (uclahealth.org)

Radiation therapy is one of the most important treatments for the chest tumors, but common complications from such treatments include radiation-induced lung injuries and dose-limiting side effects [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Minimal tolerance (TD 5/5) is the dose that causes 5% of patients to have radiation injury within 5 years. (medscape.com)
While maximal tolerance (TD 50/5) is the dose at which 25-50% of patients manifest injury in 5 years. (medscape.com)
Acute injury is a function of fractionation of the dose, field size, type of radiation, and frequency of treatment. (medscape.com)
Chronic injury is a function of the total dose of radiation used. (medscape.com)
In the new study, the researchers collaborated with co-authors at Loma Linda University in Southern California to expose mice for a day to a dose of radiation comparable to what they might experience in deep space. (ucsf.edu)
Surprisingly, the doctors found that patients experienced large improvements in their arrhythmias a few days to weeks after radiation therapy, much quicker than the months it can take scar tissue to form after radiation therapy, suggesting that a single dose of radiation reduces the arrhythmia without forming scar tissue. (wustl.edu)
But the researchers found that a single dose of radiation temporarily activates Notch signaling, leading to a long-term increase in sodium ion channels in the heart muscle, a key physiologic change that can reduce arrhythmias. (wustl.edu)
In the human heart samples, the researchers found that these changes in heart muscle cells were only present in areas of the heart that received the targeted radiation dose. (wustl.edu)
1994). Relationship of Leukemia Risk to Radiation Dose Following Cancer of the Uterine Corpus. (cdc.gov)

In conclusion, we demonstrated that HKST effectively protected cells and radiosensitive tissues against radiation injury in a TLR4 biased mechanism, suggesting HKST as a potential radioprotector with low toxicity. (oncotarget.com)

Radiation injury impairs the normal repopulation of surface epithelium with growing new cells from the epithelial crypt cells. (medscape.com)
The esophageal epithelium experiences a high rate of cellular renewal that supports rapid tissue regeneration in response to injury. (jci.org)
The accompanying images depict the basal epithelium of the esophageal lumen (dark purple) in wild-type (left) and keratin 15-deficient mice (right) following radiation-induced injury. (jci.org)
Herein, we have described a long-lived progenitor cell population in the mouse esophageal epithelium that is characterized by expression of keratin 15 ( Krt15 ). (jci.org)
Multipotent LGR5 + crypt-based columnar cells typically power intestinal epithelium turnover, but these cells are lost after injury like radiation, according to researchers led by Alex Gregorieff from Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. (genomeweb.com)
Gregorieff and his colleagues exposed mice to 12 Grays of whole-body radiation and isolated single cells from their intestinal epithelium, including their intestinal crypts, for transcriptional profiling to tease out cells involved in epithelial regeneration. (genomeweb.com)
In particular, they noted control crypts had 2.5-fold more LGR5 + CBC cells, as compared to the epithelium, but after radiation, 90 percent of those cells were lost. (genomeweb.com)

100% sequence homology with Mouse, Rat, Canine, Equine and all other mammalian proteins examined. (novusbio.com)
This study reports the untargeted approach, the network, and specific serum proteins which could be translated as biomarkers of both radiation injury and protection by countermeasures. (tocotrienolresearch.org)

Our results suggest that RIP3-mediated signaling is not a critical driver of acute radiation syndrome. (bioone.org)

5-8 Importantly, mice that lack colonisation of microbes (ie, raised germ free) were resistant to lethal radiation enteritis, indicating that the microbiota controls intestinal disease processes consequent to radiation-induced damage. (bmj.com)
There may be tremendous practical value to understanding how to neutralize or reduce the damaging (and lethal) effects of radiation on the human body. (tfljournal.org)
In light of the various nuclear power plant accident, military and terrorism scenarios that have entered the world consciousness over the past two generations, there is tremendous practical value to understanding how to neutralize or reduce the damaging (and lethal) effects of radiation on the body. (tfljournal.org)

In Skh:hr-1 hairless mice, 5% goji berry juice significantly reduced the inflammatory oedema of the sunburn reaction. (nih.gov)
We found that recombinant G-CSF (rG-CSF, 5 μg/mouse, intraperitoneal) significantly increased circulating Ly6G + neutrophils in the blood of male and female mice within 24 h of administration. (frontiersin.org)
By preventing neutrophil-dependent Notch activation, via blocking degranulation, we were able to significantly offset the radiation-enhanced metastases. (crick.ac.uk)

A 2016 study explored the ability of a C60 compound to regulate inflammation in a mouse model of eczema . (healthline.com)
We present a computational model for calculating the yield of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in human cells based on a stochastic Monte Carlo approach and calibrated using the relative frequencies and distributions of chromosomal aberrations reported in the literature. (bioone.org)
A previously developed DNA-fragmentation model for high- and low-LET radiation called the NASARadiationTrackImage model was enhanced to simulate a stochastic process of the formation of chromosomal aberrations from DNA fragments. (bioone.org)
By labeling different cell types in another mouse model, the researchers found that CLU + cells could give rise to LGR5 + CBCs as well as differentiated progeny. (genomeweb.com)
Previous research has shown that a mouse model can be used to show similar cognitive and behavioral deficits in human patients. (purdue.edu)
In an oral cancer supernatant mouse model, rG-CSF treatment increased cancer-recruited Ly6G + neutrophil infiltration and abolished orofacial nociceptive behavior evoked in response to oral cancer supernatant in both male and female mice. (frontiersin.org)
In this study, the authors took advantage of a mouse model of radiation that allowed localised injury to the rectum which mimics human radiation proctitis. (bmj.com)
In this study, we used a model of acute radiation injury to the lung, in the context of cancer metastasis, to understand the biological link between tissue damage and cancer progression. (crick.ac.uk)
In 1983, Keane et al developed an animal model for nalidixic acid photosensitivity in CF-1 female mice. (medscape.com)
Highly Invasive Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder in a Simian Virus 40 T-antigen Transgenic Mouse Model. (cdc.gov)

Purpose: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used in the treatment of radiation-induced tissue injury but its effect on (residual) tumor tissue is indistinct and therefore investigated in this study. (eur.nl)
We investigated the ability of docetaxel to enhance in vivo tumor radioresponse and influence radiation injury to normal tissue. (aacrjournals.org)
Docetaxel enhanced tumor radioresponse by a factor of 1.45 when the drug was given 9 h before radiation and 2.33 when it was given 48 h before. (aacrjournals.org)
As with immunocompetent animal models, these mice can also be used for both heterotopic and orthotopic tumor models. (uclahealth.org)
Via direct actions on cancer cells and indirect actions on the tumor microenvironment, radiation has the potential to enhance epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

therefore, rest periods between radiation sessions are important for the recovery of tissues. (medscape.com)
Histological analysis of mouse tissues confirmed the presence of radio-induced lesions in the irradiated fields. (radioprotection.org)
In a practical sense, mice are useful because they reproduce quickly and are easy to house and look after, but they also have similar organs, cells and tissues as humans. (catalyst-magazine.org)
Radiation induced damage to the normal tissues can be partially reduced by the use of radioprotectors that reduce the damaging effects of radiation, including radiation-induced lethality (4,22,38). (tfljournal.org)

In 1897, 2 years after the discovery of x-rays by Roentgen, radiation-induced intestinal injury was first reported. (medscape.com)

The studies demonstrate that D. salina exhibits potent protective effects on UVB radiation-induced corneal oxidative damage in mice, likely due to both the increase of antioxidant enzyme activity and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. (molvis.org)
In proof-of-concept experiments, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice, potentially advancing efforts to treat muscle injuries and muscle-wasting disorders in people. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A 2020 study examined the ability of C60 to protect against lung damage in mice treated with bleomycin, an anti-cancer drug. (healthline.com)

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the prevention of radiation-induced tissue injury in the head and neck region. (eur.nl)
Modulation of p53-mediated cellular-suicide activity may influence the amount of tissue injury. (the-scientist.com)

We exposed healthy mouse lung tissue to radiation before the induction of metastasis and observed a strong enhancement of cancer cell growth. (crick.ac.uk)

The experiments were conducted at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York, the only facility in the country where such experiments are possible. (ucsf.edu)
Laboratory mouse by Rama. (catalyst-magazine.org)

On the other hand, chronic radiation injury is caused by injury to the less mitotically active vascular endothelial and connective tissue cells. (medscape.com)
Chronic rG-CSF treatment (2.5 μg/mouse, every 72 h) increased the HSC-3 recruited Ly6G + neutrophils, increased β-endorphin protein content in the tongue and attenuated nociceptive behavior in female mice with HSC-3 tumors. (frontiersin.org)

One hundred and sixty ICR female mice were provided by the Shanghai Experimental Animal Center (Shanghai, China) and maintained in a specific pathogen-free grade animal room until 6-8 weeks of age and weighing 18-22 g. (biomedcentral.com)
We previously demonstrated that male mice with carcinogen-induced oral SCC exhibit less nociceptive behavior and a higher concentration of neutrophils in the cancer microenvironment compared to female mice with oral SCC. (frontiersin.org)
Saline-treated male mice with HSC-3 tumors exhibited less oral cancer-induced nociceptive behavior and had more β-endorphin protein in the cancer microenvironment than saline-treated female mice with HSC-3 tumors. (frontiersin.org)
We hypothesize that neutrophil recruitment could be exploited as a therapeutic approach to alleviate oral cancer pain in female mice. (frontiersin.org)

Note the characteristic mucosal changes observed in radiation proctitis with multiple telangiectasias. (medscape.com)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Dunaliella salina ( D. salina ) on UVB radiation-induced corneal oxidative damage in male imprinting control region (ICR) mice. (molvis.org)

Acute injury is caused by injury to the mitotically active intestinal crypt cells. (medscape.com)
Radiation also reduced the numbers of other cell types like Paneth cells and goblet cells, while the number of enterocytes, tuft cells, and crypt-associated immune cells increased. (genomeweb.com)
Crypt loss through crypt degeneration only occurred in the irradiated mice. (lu.se)

In one method, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered and bred without an immune system to avoid rejection of the transplanted cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
At the site of the toxin and radiation damage in the muscle tissue, the researchers found that the transplanted human muscle stem cells developed into myoblasts, a kind of muscle construction cell that repairs damage by fusing together and developing the microfibers that characterize normal muscle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
In a second set of experiments, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered with a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a muscle wasting disorder in mice and humans. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - Through single-cell transcriptomics, researchers have identified a stem cell that regenerates the major cell types of the intestine after injury. (genomeweb.com)
Damage-induced expansion of revSCs - rather than a resident regenerative stem cell or general cell plasticity - may therefore be a key mechanism that underlies tissue repair in response to injury," the researchers wrote in their paper. (genomeweb.com)
Researchers either work with mice in the facility or buy mice at very low cost for use in other facilities. (uclahealth.org)
Normally, when researchers place mice in a room with a familiar and an unfamiliar object, the animals spend more time exploring the new object. (ucsf.edu)
The researchers studied these effects in mice and in donated human hearts. (wustl.edu)

Rosi, who is Director of Neurocognitive Research in the UCSF Brain and Spinal Injury Center and a professor in the departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science and of Neurological Surgery, has conducted NASA-funded research for the past four years to understand how deep space radiation may affect astronauts' brains. (ucsf.edu)
Radiation therapy for ventricular tachycardia - a life-threatening irregular heart rhythm - appears to work by reverting heart muscle cells to a younger state, reducing the irregular rhythms, according to a new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. (wustl.edu)
New research from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis suggests that radiation therapy can reprogram heart muscle cells to what appears to be a younger state, fixing electrical problems that cause a life-threatening arrhythmia without the need for a long-used, invasive procedure. (wustl.edu)
The new study, however, shows that noninvasive radiation therapy normally used to treat cancer can reprogram the heart muscle cells to a younger and perhaps healthier state, fixing the electrical problem in the cells themselves without needing scar tissue to block the overactive circuits. (wustl.edu)
Physician-scientists at Washington University showed in 2017 that radiation therapy typically reserved for cancer treatment could be directed at the heart to treat ventricular tachycardia. (wustl.edu)
In theory, radiation therapy could reproduce the scar tissue usually created through catheter ablation but with a much shorter and totally noninvasive procedure, making the treatment available to more severely ill patients. (wustl.edu)
To help us understand whether the same thing was happening with radiation therapy, some of the first patients to have this new treatment gave us permission to study their heart tissue - following heart transplantation or if they had passed away for another reason, for example. (wustl.edu)
Radiation therapy seems to kick up the speed faster by activating early developmental pathways that revert the heart tissue back into a healthier state. (wustl.edu)
Taking proanthocyanidin, a chemical found in grape seed extract, does not reduce breast tissue hardness, pain, or tenderness in people treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer. (medlineplus.gov)

Many immune competent mouse strains are bred in the vivarium under gnotobiotic conditions and are available for purchase at low cost. (uclahealth.org)
We breed and house many strains of immunocompromised mice with varying degrees of deficiency, including with NSG, Scid, and Nude mice of varying genotype, including humanized strains. (uclahealth.org)

These findings indicate that keratin 15 + progenitors give rise to a population of squamous epithelial cells that are critical to recovery from injury and disease. (jci.org)
Further, Krt15 + cells were radioresistant and contributed to esophageal epithelial regeneration following radiation-induced injury. (jci.org)
Incubating colonic epithelial cells with faecal suspensions from irradiated mice increased tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β secretion when compared with suspensions derived from non-irradiated mice. (bmj.com)
ROS are mainly produced by neutrophils and intestinal epithelial cells in IBD, whereas they are the direct product of water radiolysis following ionising radiation. (bmj.com)

1998. Food preservation using ionizing radiation. (cdc.gov)
Considerable public concern has been expressed around the world about the radiation risks posed by the backscatter (ionizing radiation) and millimeter-wave (nonionizing radiation) whole-body scanners that have been deployed at many airports. (bioone.org)
In general, it is believed that the critical target of ionizing radiation (IR) is DNA [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Agents from sunlight to chemicals, ionizing radiation, and oxygen radicals can either directly damage bases or break the phosphodiester backbone on which the bases reside. (the-scientist.com)
The mechanistic data for all types of can be used to identify and organize fects (e.g. is able to induce genotox- ionizing radiation ( IARC, 2012f) are mechanistic information related to icity or affect similar pathways), but particularly informative with regard to cancer induction. (who.int)
Dietary fiber is considered a strong intestinal protector, but we do not know whether dietary fiber protects against the long-lasting mucosal damage caused by ionizing radiation. (lu.se)

Radiation, carcinogenesis and DNA alterations. (cdc.gov)
For more than 10 years, intestinal microbial alterations have been associated with localised radiation in humans and mouse models. (bmj.com)
9 In this context, however, the functional role of radiation-induced microbial alterations remained yet to be determined. (bmj.com)
The present investigation reports the radiomodulatory effect of Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaf extract against radiation-induced hematological alterations in Swiss albino mice at various post-autopsy intervals (i.e., between 24 hours to day 30). (tfljournal.org)

We addressed this question using human MSC (hMSCs) infused to nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice submitted to TBI. (radioprotection.org)
NOD/SCID mice were transplanted with hMSCs. (radioprotection.org)

Friability and oozing of blood from atrophic-appearing mucosa due to radiation can be seen. (medscape.com)
To evaluate whether a fiber-rich diet can ameliorate the long-lasting pathophysiological hallmarks of the irradiated mucosa, C57BL/6J mice on a fiber-rich bioprocessed oat bran diet or a fiber-free diet received 32 Gray in four fractions to the distal colorectum using a linear accelerator and continued on the diets for one, six or 18 weeks. (lu.se)
Our findings provide ample evidence that dietary fiber consumption modifies the onset, timing and intensity of radiation-induced pathophysiological processes in the intestinal mucosa. (lu.se)

Procedures: Orthotopic FaDu tumors were established in mice, and the response of the (irradiated) tumors to HBOT was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. (eur.nl)

Medications that can mitigate against radiation injury are limited. (duke.edu)

citation needed] TIC10 (which causes expression of TRAIL) was investigated in mice with various tumour types. (wikipedia.org)
The tumour was treated with complete transurethral resection followed by carboplatin, etoposide and radiation. (cdc.gov)

NASA and private space companies like SpaceX plan to send humans to the red planet within the next 15 years - but among the major challenges facing future crewed space missions is how to protect astronauts from the dangerous cosmic radiation of deep space. (ucsf.edu)
Humans venturing beyond the Earth's protective magnetic fields will be exposed to levels of cosmic radiation estimated to be 1000 times higher than what we experience on earth or even in the International Space Station's low-earth orbit. (ucsf.edu)
Abolished InsP3R2 function inhibits sweat secretion in both humans and mice. (msdmanuals.com)

1995. Advisory committee on human radiation experiments. (cdc.gov)

In: Radiation carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)

As one non-trivial example, radiation injury to the small bowel remains an important clinical problem for which few therapeutic strategies exist. (uclahealth.org)
We saw that scar tissue alone could not explain the remarkable clinical effects, suggesting that radiation improves the arrhythmia in some other way, so we delved into the details of that. (wustl.edu)
Nonetheless, pre-clinical evidence indicates that radiation can entail pro-metastatic effects via multiple pathways. (biomedcentral.com)

1993. Protective effects of chlorogenic acid, curcumin and beta-carotene against gamma-radiation-induced in vivo chromosomal damage. (cdc.gov)

As such, OMC- and MSC-derived secretomes (OMC-S and MSC-S) both polarized RAW 264.7 macrophages towards a M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype and suppressed mouse and human lymphocytes proliferation. (bvsalud.org)

The microbiota: an underestimated actor in radiation-induced lesions? (bmj.com)

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight is known to be a risk factor for human corneal damage. (molvis.org)
Studies done in mice have also examined the ability of C60-containing solutions to block the effects of ultraviolet radiation and promote hair growth when applied to the skin. (healthline.com)
6] Animals injected with nalidixic acid and then exposed to ultraviolet radiation for 10 weeks exhibited more severe cutaneous manifestations than mice treated with sodium chloride solution. (medscape.com)
Other mechanisms have been proposed to explain the role of ultraviolet or visible light radiation in drug-induced pseudoporphyria. (medscape.com)

In this issue, Gerassy-Vainberg et al 10 demonstrated that radiation-induced dysbiosis promoted susceptibility to radiation-induced injury and intestinal inflammation. (bmj.com)
For example, massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a shared feature of intestinal inflammation in IBD and radiation-induced injury. (bmj.com)

Pediatric brain cancer patients are at a high risk for radiation-induced cognitive impairment due to white matter changes in the brain. (purdue.edu)
Our long experience is that these mice have a low cancer incidence and a low incidence of autoimmunity, such as colitis. (uclahealth.org)
Conditions like these can arise due to genetic causes, age, injuries, and even cancer. (catalyst-magazine.org)
From the perspective of cancer, DNA damage causes the disease, but it is also used to treat the disease via radiation and many chemotherapeutic agents. (the-scientist.com)

In proof-of-concept experiments with mice, the research team sought to determine where the newly developed cells would migrate in living animals, and if they could repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The team reported that when they injected the muscle stem cells into the mouse muscles, the cells moved to an area of the muscles known as the niche, where other natural muscle stem cells are typically found, and stayed there for more than four months. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
They then exposed the animals to a muscle-degrading toxin and radiation to eliminate muscle stem cells already existing within the mouse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
They also found that some of the transplanted human muscle stem cells migrate to the niche and behave like muscle stem cells naturally found within the mouse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The research team plans to study the use of the cells in mouse models of other muscle-related conditions for their potential use in sports medicine, trauma, and age-related muscle loss. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
This week in the JCI , a study led by Anil Rustgi at the University of Pennsylvania identifies keratin 15 as a marker for a subpopulation of proliferative stem cells in the esophagus that are indispensible for maintaining homeostasis as well as regenerating tissue following injury. (jci.org)
Through single-cell RNA sequencing of damaged mouse intestinal cells, Gregorieff and his colleagues uncovered a population of rare, typically quiescent cells they called revival stem cells (revSCs). (genomeweb.com)
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using BaF mouse pro-B cells transfected with TrkB. (novusbio.com)
Christopher Lengner and colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania studied how certain mouse intestinal stem cells responded to calorie restriction and radiation-induced injury. (lifeextension.com)
Normally, in the absence of injury, the tissue can tolerate the loss, due to the presence of the active stem cells, but, when you injure the animal, the regeneration is compromised and the enhanced regeneration after calorie restriction was compromised in the absence of the reserve stem cell pool. (lifeextension.com)
Investigating brain stem cells using mouse genetics, microscopes, and radiation. (catalyst-magazine.org)
Genetic tools that have been developed for use in mice also allow scientists to perform very elegant and informative experiments, such as fluorescently labelling cells, specifically killing certain cells, or getting rid of genes or bits of genes (using techniques like CRISPR, which you may have heard about in the news, since the scientists who discovered it won the Nobel Prize in 2020). (catalyst-magazine.org)
The scientists found that radiation treatment triggered heart muscle cells to begin expressing different genes. (wustl.edu)
As part of the body's response to that injury, cells in the injured portion of the heart appear to turn on some of these early developmental programs to repair themselves. (wustl.edu)
Inner ear is a target for insulin signaling and insulin resistance: evidence from mice and auditory HEI-OC1 cells. (lu.se)

This research validates the potential of DIM to be used as a radio protectant in preventing both radiation injury and any cognitive deficits from following. (purdue.edu)

A glucose-stimulated BOLD fMRI study of hypothalamic dysfunction in mice fed a high-fat and high-sucrose diet Mohr, A. A., Alba M Garcia-Serrano, João Pp Vieira, Cecilia Skoug, Davidsson, H. & João MN Duarte, 2020 Aug 5, In : Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. (lu.se)

1986. Carcinogenic effects of radiation on the human skin. (cdc.gov)
This article focuses specifically on the effects of radiation on the small intestine, the large intestine, and the rectum. (medscape.com)

To attempt to answer these questions, I perform experiments with mice and try to unpick the biology behind these problems. (catalyst-magazine.org)

In mice, depletion of this keratin 15-expressing population impaired esophageal tissue renewal after injury. (jci.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms3

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science2

Health Care12

Irradiation25

Ameliorated radiation-induced1

Oncology3

Radiotherapy4

Exposure11

Doses6

Hematopoietic3

Apoptosis1

Bone marrow1

Nonhuman primates2

Wild-type mice2

Medical countermeasures1

20182

Lung injury5

Survival3

Transgenic mice2

Dose10

Radiosensitive tissues1

Epithelium7

Proteins2

Acute radiatio1

Lethal3

Significantly3

Model10

Tumor5

Tissues4

Intestinal injury1

Damage in mice3

Tissue injury2

Metastasis1

Laboratory2

Chronic2

Female mice4

Proctitis1

Oxidative damage1

Crypt3

Researchers8

Therapy9

Strains2

Epithelial4

IONIZING RADIATION6

Alterations4

Scid2

Mucosa3

Tumors1

Mitigate1

Tumour2

Humans3

19951

Carcinogenesis1

Clinical3

Gamma1

Phenotype1

Lesions1

Ultraviolet4

Inflammation2

Cancer4

Cells15

Cognitive1

Metabolism1

Effects of radiation2

Experiments with mice1

Depletion1