• Cancer cells that die via apoptosis (larger dark purple structures) expel their nuclear contents (orange and yellow stringy structures) to spur metastasis and growth of living cancer cells (smaller light blue structures). (cancer.gov)
  • To investigate this, Yang and her team, including postdoctoral fellow Woo-Yong Park, Ph.D., and graduate student Justin Grey, focused on cells that die through a process known as apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
  • Various stressors that cancer cells naturally encounter in the body can trigger apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
  • The researchers' first step was to watch cancer cells under a microscope as they underwent apoptosis. (cancer.gov)
  • Keratinocytes isolated from Mrad1 +/- mice had significantly more spontaneous DNA double strand breaks, proliferated slower and had slightly enhanced spontaneous apoptosis than Mrad1 +/+ control cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effects of heterozygous deletion of Mrad1 on proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes is different from those resulted from Mrad9 heterozygous deletion (from our previous study), suggesting that Mrad1 also functions independent of Mrad9 besides its role in the Mrad9-Mrad1-Mhus1 complex in mouse cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the diverse tumor-promoting roles of NFκB in cancer cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, are well established [ 3 - 9 ], much less is known about how p100, a precursor protein of NFκB2, acts as a tumor suppressor in many mammalian cells [ 10 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • PIk1 depletion induced apoptosis, as indicated by the appearance of subgenomic DNA in fluorescence-activated cell-sorter (FACS) profiles, the activation of caspase 3, and the formation of fragmented nuclei. (uky.edu)
  • PIk1-depletion-induced apoptosis was partially reversed by cotransfection of nondegradable mouse PIk1 constructs. (uky.edu)
  • Erikson, Raymond L. / Polo-like kinase (Plk)1 depletion induces apoptosis in cancer cells . (uky.edu)
  • The effects of CMTM4 on cellular apoptosis and cell cycle progression were analysed by flow cytometry, and cell cycle hallmarks were detected by western blotting and RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the cell apoptosis levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compared with using ATO alone, the combination of G-CSF with ATO induced the cell apoptosis more dramatically. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, ebastine treatment exerted obvious effects on cell cycle arrest, metastasis inhibition, apoptosis and autophagy induction both in vitro and in vivo . (ijbs.com)
  • Moreover, mitochondria control cell death through apoptosis and supply Ca 2+ and metabolites required for cellular homeodynamics [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cetuximab-bound EGF receptor inhibits activation of receptor-associated kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptosis, and decreased production of matrix metalloproteinase and vascular endothelial growth factor. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we demonstrate that a systemic factor found in the circulation of young mice is able to increase the proliferation rate of old pancreatic β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In some cases, the decline in proliferation reaches an irreversible state called cellular senescence, which is characterized by a total lack of cell divisions and altered cellular morphology, gene expression profile, and chromatin organization ( 3 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • It is likely that increased Rad9 expression is needed for proliferation of tumor cells by mechanisms such as getting beyond (tolerating) oncogene-induced replicative stress and enhancing DNA repair capability. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that PIk1 depletion dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, decreased viability, and resulted in cell-cycle arrest with 4 N DNA content. (uky.edu)
  • Conversely, attenuation of Notch3 levels by shRNA resulted in perturbation of the cell cycle followed by reduction in cell proliferation, clonogenic capacity, and inhibition of tumour growth. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Primary endometrial epithelial cells for cell therapy are largely hampered with the extremely limited proliferation capacity of uterine epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2008). Lgr5 deficiency leads to premature Paneth cell differentiation in the small intestine without detectable effects on the differentiation of other cell lineages, or on proliferation or migration (Garcia, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Acute myeloid leukemia is an aggressive malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and accumulation of immature myeloid precursor cells in the bone marrow [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is supported by studies in knockout mice showing development of soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian stromal cell tumors and a high sensitivity to carcinogenic treatments. (cancerindex.org)
  • Cell adhesion molecule-1 (CADM1) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that functions as a tumor suppressor of lung tumors. (cancerindex.org)
  • In mice, Yang's team found that the contents released from burst nuclei triggered growth-promoting signaling in nearby mammary tumor cells and accelerated the growth of metastatic tumors. (cancer.gov)
  • The team suspects apoptotic cells may also help drive the growth of metastatic tumors in humans. (cancer.gov)
  • DMBA-TPA combinational treatment was used to induce tumors on mouse skin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumors were larger, more numerous, and appeared earlier on the skin of Mrad1 +/- mice compared to Mrad1 +/+ animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The novel PLK1 inhibitor, onvansertib, is the first available for oral administration and has shown tumor growth inhibition in hematologic tumors, osteosarcoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer and colon adenocarcinoma cells. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Here, we generate dromedary camel nanobodies targeting B7-H3 and demonstrate that CAR-T cells, based on the nanobodies recognizing the IgC but not IgV domain, had potent antitumour activity against large tumors in female mice. (nature.com)
  • However, the successful application of these emerging cell-based therapies in solid tumors remains limited. (nature.com)
  • Although genetic and epigenetic aberrations that occur in components of the central dogma clearly elicit disease development in humans, recent findings also point to a prominent role for non-protein-coding regions of the genome in regulating cell and tissue homeostasis, as well as in contributing to the formation of human tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Depletion or deactivation of MDSC in mice bearing tumors leads to improved immune function and improved efficacy of anti-cancer immune-based treatments. (databasefootball.com)
  • Furthermore, numerous solid tumors were also observed in various regions of the surface skin of FVB/N-Trp53 em2Hwl /Korl KO mice, but were not detected in C57BL/6-Trp53 em1Hwl /Korl KO mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results indicate that the spectrum and incidence of tumors induced by the TALEN-mediated Trp53 mutant gene is greater in FVB/N-Trp53 em2Hwl /Korl KO mice than C57BL/6-Trp53 em1Hwl /Korl KO mice over 16 weeks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similar tumors were also observed in KO mice having the exon 2 or exon 2-6 deletion in C57BL/6 mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Delivery of siRNA-peptide nanoplexes co-targeting MK2 and XPA to pre-existing p53-deficient tumors in a highly aggressive, immunocompetent mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma improves long-term survival and cisplatin response beyond those of the synthetic lethal p53 mutant/MK2 combination alone. (nature.com)
  • Because most tumors are deficient in one or more aspects of the function of the p53 tumor suppressor, either as a consequence of mutations within p53, or impairment of upstream and downstream modulators of p53 activity 19 , targeting MK2 has the potential to selectively enhance tumor cell killing without increasing the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on normal p53-wild type tissues. (nature.com)
  • Daily topical treatment with CWO induced dramatic regression of pre-malignant skin tumors and a two-fold reduction in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. (biorxiv.org)
  • SUMMARY BLURB Essential oil derived from the camphor tree acts by stimulating immune cell-dependent regression of skin tumors in a mouse model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. (biorxiv.org)
  • B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
  • Previous studies have shown the involvement of cell-autonomous factors in this phenomenon, particularly the decline of polycomb genes and accumulation of p16/INK4A. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Co-authors include Neuroscience Chair and HHMI Investigator Dr. Joseph Takahashi, whose discovery of the mouse and human clock genes led to a description of a conserved circadian clock mechanism in animals. (news-medical.net)
  • Single-cell transcriptome RNA sequencing coupled with functional T-cell proteomics analysis uncovers the top-upregulated genes that might be critical for the persistence of polyfunctional CAR-T cells in mice. (nature.com)
  • Indeed, emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs function as a molecular rheostats that serve in fine-tuning cell signaling pathways [ 10 , 11 ], doing so by modulating the expression of large numbers of genes and, consequently, impacting the flux through essential regulatory nodes of vast signaling networks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The development of transgenic mouse models that express genes of interest in specific cell types has transformed our understanding of basic biology and disease. (stanford.edu)
  • January 21, 2021 -- Using an engineered DNA therapeutic agent to silence transcription factor genes reduced myeloma stem cell abundance and increased the survival of mice bearing human myeloma, according to preclinical study data published in Cell Stem Cell on January 20. (scienceboard.net)
  • IRF4 is known to drive expression of stem cell reprogramming genes such as the oncogenes MYC and KLF4. (scienceboard.net)
  • Importantly, they found that treatment reduced the expression of IRF4 target genes, as well as other microenvironment-responsive and cell cycle regulatory transcripts but spared normal hematopoietic cells. (scienceboard.net)
  • Additionally, in mice, they have successfully manipulated several key genes associated with these variants to extend their reproductive lifespan. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Notable examples are genes from two cell cycle checkpoint pathways - CHEK1 and CHEK2 - which regulate a broad variety of DNA repair processes. (technologynetworks.com)
  • We saw that two of the genes which produce proteins involved in repairing damaged DNA work in opposite ways with respect to reproduction in mice. (technologynetworks.com)
  • SL originally described a relationship between two genes, where alteration of either gene alone results in viable cells, but alteration (mutation, loss, or inhibition) of both genes simultaneously was lethal. (nature.com)
  • Because BRCA mutations are observed in fewer than 10% of cancer patients (cBioPortal: 6.7%) 11 , 12 , 13 the identification of additional genes that share synthetic lethal sensitivity relationships with mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressors would greatly enhance the implementation of tumor cell-specific synthetic lethal sensitivity to improve an anticancer therapeutic response. (nature.com)
  • In vivo , CWO induced transcriptional changes in immune-related genes, resulting in cytotoxic T cell-dependent tumor regression. (biorxiv.org)
  • In adipocyte Senp2-de﫿ciency mice, accumulation of the SUMOylated Setdb1 suppressed the expression of Pparg and Cebpa genes as well as lipid metabolism-related target genes, which would decrease the ability of lipid storage in adipocytes. (deepdyve.com)
  • adqcKO Mechanistically, adipocyte Senp2 de﫿ciency caused the downregula- Senp2 mice exhibit an ectopic lipid accumulation and tion of Pparg and Cebpa as well as their downstream target genes insulin resistance related to lipid storage. (deepdyve.com)
  • The total chromosomal content of a cell involves approximately 105 genes in a specialized macromolecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (cdc.gov)
  • This gene encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, also known as p15Ink4b protein, which forms a complex with CDK4 or CDK6, and prevents the activation of the CDK kinases by cyclin D, thus the encoded protein functions as a cell growth regulator that inhibits cell cycle G1 progression. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
  • The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
  • We show that the conditional depletion of the m 6 A reader protein Ythdf2 in mice causes lethality at late embryonic developmental stages, with embryos characterized by compromised neural development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Rad1 protein, evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, exists in cells as monomer as well as a component in the 9-1-1 protein complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the precursor protein of NFκB2 (p100) is thought to act as a tumor suppressor in mammalian cells, the molecular mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is far from clear. (oncotarget.com)
  • Here, we are, for the first time, to report that p100 protein expression was dramatically decreased in bladder cancers of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN)-treated mice and human patients. (oncotarget.com)
  • We found that Nfil3 regulates T H 17 development by controlling the cellular supply of a protein in T cells called Rorγt that directs the cells to develop into T H 17 cells. (news-medical.net)
  • Levels of both amyloid plaques and tau protein, another protein that builds up in people with Alzheimer's, were reduced when researchers exposed mice to flickering light at 40 hertz (cycles per second) for one hour a day for a full week in a 2016 study . (thedoctorwillseeyounow.com)
  • Pretreatment with a stem-cell-activating protein significantly enhances healing in mice, Stanford researchers say. (stanford.edu)
  • Like drag car racers revving their engines at the starting line, stem cells respond more quickly to injury when they've been previously primed with one dose of a single protein, according to a study from the Stanford University School of Medicine . (stanford.edu)
  • Mice given the priming protein recover muscle function more quickly after damage, their skin heals more rapidly and even the shaved area around the injury regrows hair more quickly, the study found. (stanford.edu)
  • Harnessing the power of this protein may one day help people recover more quickly from surgery or restore youthful vigor to aging stem cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Rodgers and his colleagues found that a protein called hepatocyte growth factor, which exists in a latent form in the spaces between muscle cells and tissue, can activate a critical signaling pathway in the cells by binding to their surfaces. (stanford.edu)
  • The antisense oligonucleotides dramatically reduced survival of multiple myeloma cells and decreased human IRF4 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression, as well as lowered expression of the IRF4 target gene MYC. (scienceboard.net)
  • The red dots represent the IRF4 protein within human myeloma cells, which are much sparser after ION251 treatment. (scienceboard.net)
  • This protein prevents tumor cell growth at several points during the malignant process when it is under many types of stress, including DNA damage, oncogene activation, hypoxia, telomere attrition and deficiency of normal growth signal [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, Paneth cells provide a niche for leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)-expressing stem cells in crypts (Sato, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Female mice with more of the CHEK1 protein are born with more eggs and they take longer to deplete naturally, so reproductive lifespan is extended. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Different from the APL cells, most non-APL AML cells express low levels of the ATO transporter Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) protein, making them less sensitive to ATO treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More importantly, we found that IPMK interacted with AMPK and functioned as a positive regulator of AMPK protein in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • We found that SET domain bifurcated 1 Since no difference in food intake was observed between adqcKO f/f (Setdb1) was a SUMOylated protein and that Senp2 de-SUMOylated Senp2 and Senp2 mice fedeitherwithNCD or HFD and regulated Setdb1 action in trimethylation at histone 3 lysine 9 (Supplementary Figure S2A). (deepdyve.com)
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. (medscape.com)
  • The expression of this gene was found to be dramatically induced by TGF beta, which suggested its role in the TGF beta induced growth inhibition. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA damage occurred in PIk1-depleted cells and inhibition of ATM strongly potentiated the lethality of PIk1 depletion. (uky.edu)
  • The most potent nanobody-based CAR-T cells show inhibition of large tumor xenografts in mice with rigorous T-cell signaling and significant T-cell infiltration into the tumor. (nature.com)
  • Inhibition of H3K27 trimethylation suppressed crypt formation and Paneth cell maturation on organoids derived from ileum of early second postnatal mouse. (researchsquare.com)
  • We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) self-renewal and spatiotemporal generation of neurons and other cell types are severely impacted by the loss of Ythdf2 in embryonic neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Matings between heterozygous Mrad1 mutant mice produced Mrad1 +/+ and Mrad1 +/- but no Mrad1 -/- progeny, suggesting the Mrad1 null is embryonic lethal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homozygous deletion of Mrad1 leads to embryonic lethality, but heterozygous animals have no overt defects compared to Mrad1 +/+ mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first Trp53 KO mice were generated by the recombination of intron 4 and exon 5 in C57BL/6 mice using embryonic stem cell (ESC) targeting techniques. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In mice, morphogenesis of the intestinal epithelium begins around embryonic day 14 (E14), followed by the reshaping of the endodermal pseudostratified epithelium to organize the villi and intervillous region (Grosse, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Our findings suggest that the pathologic consequences of circadian disruption may be due in part to direct interactions between the circadian clock and the pathways that regulate proinflammatory immune cell development,' the researchers conclude. (news-medical.net)
  • A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Restoration of CMTM4 significantly suppressed 786-O cell growth by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and p21 upregulation, and cell migration was also inhibited. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, compared to normal p53-proficient cells, p53-defective cells are more reliant on MK2 activity, which drives an alternative cell cycle checkpoint pathway that stabilizes the CKI inhibitors p27 Kip1 and Gadd45α in order to maintain G 1 /S and G 2 /M arrest after certain types of DNA damage 16 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. (springer.com)
  • Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)
  • With this study we document that differentiation and reactivation are mediated by systemic CD8 T-cell dysfunction during chronic infection. (careersfromscience.org)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)
  • The researchers tested a panel of human-specific antisense oligonucleotide agents targeting IRF4 in vitro and profiled their effects on multiple myeloma cell viability and IRF4 expression to determine a candidate that selectively inhibits human IRF4. (scienceboard.net)
  • The cells were sensitive to the treatment with significant reductions in cell viability and IRF4 mRNA expression. (scienceboard.net)
  • Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • It is believed that this complex is important for the function of these three proteins in DNA repair as well as activation of cell cycle checkpoints. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Knockdown of p100 in cultured human bladder cancer cells promoted anchorage-independent growth accompanied with elevating abundance of cell-cycle-related proteins and accelerated cell-cycle progression. (oncotarget.com)
  • Such processes are controlled by a group of proteins, collectively termed the 'circadian clock,' which function together in individual cells, capturing light cues from the visual and nervous systems and using these cues to regulate gene expression,' explained Dr. Hooper, who holds appointments in the Center for the Genetics of Host Defense and the Cancer Immunobiology Center. (news-medical.net)
  • The central dogma of molecular biology states that the transfer of genetic information within cells transpires sequentially from DNA to RNA to proteins, whose coding sequences comprise a paltry 1.5-2% of the human genome [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This pathway stimulates the production of proteins important in alerting the stem cells. (stanford.edu)
  • 1997). Within 14 days of postnatal development, Paneth cells mature and express cryptdin proteins as a specific marker (Bry, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
  • Cells depend on their DNA for coding information to make various classes of proteins that include enzymes, certain hormones, transport proteins, and structural proteins that support life. (cdc.gov)
  • Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)
  • As an infection induces a sturdy Compact disc8+ T-cell immunity that's regarded as crucial for long-term security it really is enigmatic that potent immune system response didn't prevent recrudescence of an infection (9). (careersfromscience.org)
  • These processes to severe lipodystrophy and induces insulin resistance in mice (He et al. (deepdyve.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells have developed exquisite mechanisms that monitor and coordinate cell cycle progression with repair of DNA damage to maintain genome integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, accumulating preclinical studies have illustrated the feasibility of slowing tumor progression by either overexpressing tumor suppressive miRNAs, or by neutralizing the activities of oncogenic miRNAs in cell- and animal-based models of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IRF4 has been determined to be an essential multiple myeloma cell survival factor with aberrant activation during pathogenesis and progression of the disease. (scienceboard.net)
  • The oncogenic kinase PLK1 controls cell cycle and growth and is a cancer therapeutic target. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) is highly expressed in rapidly dividing normal cells and is overexpressed in many types of cancer, including Group 3 medulloblastoma, and is associated with poor prognosis. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
  • Lung failure due to aging can be traced to loss of lung stem cell regenerative capacity within the distinctive stem cell niches found within each compartment of the lung. (karger.com)
  • Current knowledge about the identity and function of these stem cell compartments has been largely drawn from a variety of transgenic and spontaneously mutated mouse models that are characterized by rapid rates of aging or have been used to examine regeneration from injury in the context of natural or accelerated aging. (karger.com)
  • In this review, we will present current data on lung aging and lung regeneration, with specific attention paid to stem cell-driven regeneration within the context of aging. (karger.com)
  • At the cellular level, aging is marked by depletion of adult stem cell reservoirs, the inability to maintain baseline homeostasis, a reduced response to stress, an increased accumulation of damaged DNA leading to telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 1,2 ]. (karger.com)
  • Stem cells are characterized by their ability to undergo self-renewal to maintain stem cell reserves, and, when required, to produce new, terminally differentiated cells. (karger.com)
  • During aging, a decline in organ function can be traced to a loss of stem cell function due to increased cell turnover, depletion of stem cells, and alterations to the stem cell niche. (karger.com)
  • Rodgers is now an assistant professor of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine at the University of Southern California. (stanford.edu)
  • This specific group of cells are located in hair follicles and contain stem cell-like characteristics that have the potential to stimulate neogenesis of non-producing hair follicles or regeneration of existing ones. (equities.com)
  • Stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a therapeutic option with unsolved issues for IUA patients in the past few years. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The prevalence of replicating pancreatic β-cells declines dramatically with age in both rodents and humans ( 4 , 5 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • These data suggest a possibility that Rad1 in humans and mice might have distinct functions independent of the 9-1-1 heterotrimer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mice are nocturnal, meaning their sleep-wake times are the opposite of those in humans. (news-medical.net)
  • Bitter melon is not a fairy tale fruit and a number of studies on cells, animals, and humans indicate it has powerful medicinal properties. (tigerfitness.com)
  • One company on the verge of introducing a potential game-changer, however, is RepliCel Life Sciences, Inc. (REPCF) , a Vancouver-based company focused on developing a safe and effective cell-based hair regeneration treatment for humans. (equities.com)
  • The hypothesis for humans, which we're now testing in Phase I,' says CEO David Hall, 'is that isolating and replicating autologous dermal sheath cup cells and then injecting them back into the patient will lead to not just follicular hair growth, but the rejuvenation of the existing quiescent hair follicles that have been miniaturized and essentially stopped cycling due to the androgens overwhelming the receptors on those cells. (equities.com)
  • Mouse reproductive physiology differs from humans in key ways, including that mice do not have menopause. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Hensch and colleagues recently elucidated a molecular cellular basis for its fast effects on brain activity using mutant mice. (harvard.edu)
  • Cells are constantly exposed to stresses from cellular metabolites as well as environmental genotoxins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Normally, adult, tissue-specific stem cells are held in a kind of cellular deep freeze called quiescence to avoid unnecessary cell division in the absence of injury. (stanford.edu)
  • Second, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of drug action might lead to improved therapeutics (e.g. cell-specific targeting of NMDA-2A receptors), potentially free of the addictive and other "dirty" side effects of ketamine. (harvard.edu)
  • Recombinant human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR, HER1, c-ErbB-1). (medscape.com)
  • Incidentally the essential part of Eomes in mediating CD8+ T-cell responsiveness to IL-15 (38) a cytokine important for survival of memory as well as effector CD8+ T cells and Granzyme B (39-41) manifestation in T cells offers been recently elucidated. (careersfromscience.org)
  • This study was undertaken to compare the sensitivities of mice strains during tumor induction by transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN)-mediated Trp53 mutant gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Knockdown of Rad9 in prostate tumor cells correlates with reduction of tumorigenicity in nude mice [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and viable cell counting assays were used to delineate the growth curves of 786-O cells after CMTM4 overexpression or knockdown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, knockdown of CMTM4 led to a completely opposite effect on these cell behaviours. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The xenograft model in nude mice was used to elucidate the function of CMTM4 in tumourigenesis ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of CMTM4 also markedly inhibited the tumour xenograft growth in nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Primary clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and the paired adjacent non-tumour tissues were then collected to examine the expression of CMTM4 by western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative RT-PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Western blotting then confirmed that CMTM4 was dramatically reduced in 86.9 % (53/61) of ccRCC tissues compared with the paired adjacent non-tumour tissues, as well as in the 786-O and A498 ccRCC cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In xenograft mouse models, the treatment was well tolerated in myeloma tumor-bearing mice and significantly reduced tumor growth and IRF4 mRNA expression in tumor tissues in a dose-dependent manner after two to six weeks of treatments. (scienceboard.net)
  • They need body fat for building cell membranes, fatty tissues, etc. (fireinabottle.net)
  • Although less fat stor- adqcKO pose lipid storage in adipocyte-speci﫿c Senp2 knockout mice fed age was shown in Senp2 adipose tissues, the increased with high-fat diets (HFD). (deepdyve.com)
  • The gradual decrease in the rate of cell division seen already in early postnatal life, before any evidence of senescence, is even less well-understood. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Crypts begin to form around day 7 of postnatal mice (P7), and Paneth cells usually appear within the first 2 weeks. (researchsquare.com)
  • Overall, our data show that post-transcriptional modification of histones, particularly H3K27 trimethylation, leads to the structural and functional maturation of Paneth cells during postnatal development. (researchsquare.com)
  • The protective effect on SH-SY5Y cells against Aß toxicity was also evaluated, and compounds 6 and 10 significantly alleviated Aß toxicity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Most importantly, allogeneic transplantation of CR-MEECs successfully repaired the injured endometrium and significantly improved the pregnancy rate of IUA mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also demonstrated that the combination of G-CSF and ATO significantly inhibited tumor growth in the xenograft mouse model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We decided to systematically identify camel V H H nanobodies targeting the IgV or IgC domains of 4IgB7-H3 by phage display and produced nanobody-based CAR-T cells for preclinical testing. (nature.com)
  • In the present study, we demonstrate that B7-H3 CAR-T cells targeting the IgC domain are more active than those targeting the IgV domain in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and neuroblastoma (NB) mouse preclinical models. (nature.com)
  • The quantum of costs for the preclinical work and the clinical work is dramatically lower than for a drug or a biologic,' Hall says. (equities.com)
  • The results of these preclinical studies were so striking that half the microscopy images we took to compare bone marrow samples between treated and untreated mice kept coming back blank -- in the treated mice, we couldn't find any myeloma cells left for us to study," said co-senior author Leslie Crews, PhD, assistant professor in the Division of Regenerative Medicine at the UC San Diego School of Medicine, in a statement. (scienceboard.net)
  • MSCs derived from bone marrow (BMMSCs) and the bone-specific, senescence-accelerated, osteoblastogenesis/osteogenesis-defective mice (the SAMP6 strain) were used as experimental models. (thno.org)
  • We've shown that muscle and bone marrow stem cells enter a stage of alertness in response to distant injury that allows them to spring into action more quickly. (stanford.edu)
  • The left image represents a microscopic view of the bone marrow of a myeloma-bearing mouse treated with the control, and the right image represents the same for a myeloma-bearing mouse treated with the antisense oligonucleotide ION251. (scienceboard.net)
  • We generated mice expressing ABCA1 in macrophages and mice with selected inactivation of ABCA1 in macrophages by bone marrow transplantation in ABCA1-deficient ( ABC1 -/- ) and wild-type (WT) mice. (jci.org)
  • ISCs give rise to transient amplifying cells that become progenitor cells positioned at the bottom two-thirds of the crypts (Barker and Clevers, 2007). (researchsquare.com)
  • The activation of Notch signaling targets Hes-1 and Math-1 differentiates the early progenitor cells into absorptive cells and secretory cell lineages, respectively, in IECs (Fre, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Journal of Molecular Cell Biology, IBCB, SIBS, CAS. (deepdyve.com)
  • The researchers noted that one benefit of antisense oligonucleotides is that they can be delivered into cells by free update with natural endocytic mechanisms, which enables rapid gene expression modulation compared to alternative gene delivery strategies. (scienceboard.net)
  • Repair and mechanisms of MEECs transplantation in IUA mice were measured with qRT-PCR, Masson's trichrome, and DAB staining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conditionally reprogrammed physiological endometrial epithelial cells provide a novel strategy in IUA clinics in a personalized or generalized manner and also serve as a physiological model to explore biology of endometrial epithelial cells and mechanisms of IUA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although this phenomenon is well known for having caused the glacial cycles in more recent times, the present study shows that these external forcing mechanisms on Earth's systems were also operating, and controlling Earth's carbon cycle in the distant past, even during non-glacial times when Earth was marked by hot-house climate conditions. (scitechdaily.com)
  • however, mechanisms through which these bioactive compounds act on epithelial cells have not been identified. (biorxiv.org)
  • The morphology of dysfunctional Paneth cells is similar to that of a Paneth/goblet intermediate cell. (researchsquare.com)
  • Cell morphology was observed under the microscope after Wright-Giemsa staining. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expression of WT macrophage ABCA1 in ABC1 -/- mice resulted in a small but significant increase in apoA-I levels starting 2 weeks after transplantation. (jci.org)
  • The procedure has already been proven successful in earlier trials conducted on SCID mice and produced an efficacy rate of about 50 percent. (equities.com)
  • While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)
  • The ccRCC cell lines A498 and 786-O and the normal renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 were also tested for CMTM4 expression by western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cell line derived xenograft mouse model was established to confirm the results of the in vitro experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NFκB1(p50) and NFκB2(p52) are synthesized as large precursors of p105 and p100, respectively in mammalian cells [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • While RelA/p50 heterodimer is the predominantly form and plays a major regulatory role in mammalian cells, the RelB/p100 is also expressed and acts as the alterative pathway regulating its downstream gene expression [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • We demonstrate that transgenic AAVR overexpression greatly increases the efficiency of transduction of many diverse cell types, including muscle stem cells, which are normally refractory to AAV transduction. (stanford.edu)
  • When cancer cells die, they leave behind signals that spur the growth of the cells they've left behind, according to a new study led by Li Yang, Ph.D. , Senior Investigator in the Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics . (cancer.gov)
  • Yang says her team's findings highlight the fact that individual cancer cells are part of a community of cells whose members influence one another's behavior - even in their final moments. (cancer.gov)
  • Within cancer cell communities, she says, death is commonplace. (cancer.gov)
  • And when a patient undergoes cancer treatment, the number of dying cancer cells in the body rises still further. (cancer.gov)
  • Collaborating with Steven D. Cappell, Ph.D. , Stadtman Investigator in the Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, who applies state-of-the-art live-cell imaging approaches in his cell cycle research, they saw the nuclei of dying cells swell dramatically and then burst, spewing their DNA and other contents into their surroundings. (cancer.gov)
  • They say it may be possible to block those signals to prevent cells that die during cancer therapy from provoking the growth of any cancer cells that remain. (cancer.gov)
  • Unrepaired DNA lesions can lead to cell death, gene mutation and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used the recently developed vector-based small interfering RNA technique to specifically deplete PIk1 in cancer cells. (uky.edu)
  • Despite this rather bleak outlook, the collective efforts of science and medicine have nevertheless dramatically reduced the annualized cancer death rate by 20% over the last two decades, thereby sparing the lives of more than 1.3 million Americans [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings are described in the article entitled Circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells increase in patients undergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer , recently published in the journal Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy . (databasefootball.com)
  • These findings establish a mechanism for co-targeting DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints in combination with repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions in vivo using RNAi nanocarriers, and motivate further exploration of ASL as a generalized strategy to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • Cancer cells that are defective in p53 function are deficient in their ability to transcriptionally upregulate the CDK inhibitor p21 after genotoxic stress. (nature.com)
  • We tested an essential-oil derivative, camphor white oil (CWO), for anti-tumor activity in a mouse model of keratinocyte-derived skin cancer. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our previous study showed that the absorptive cells of the jejunum and ileum change rapidly and dramatically from suckling to adult type during the weaning period (Fujita, et al. (researchsquare.com)
  • To determine the increased loss of immune system control during chronic an infection we first wished to indentify the kinetics of long-term success in B6 mice contaminated orally with type II stress (Me personally49) cysts. (careersfromscience.org)
  • UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers report that disrupting the light-dark cycle of mice increased their susceptibility to inflammatory disease, indicating that the production of a key immune cell is controlled by the body's circadian clock. (news-medical.net)
  • Although the circadian clock is known to regulate metabolism and sleep-wake cycles, little was known about whether the circadian clock also regulates the immune system, the body's defense against infectious viruses and bacteria, she said. (news-medical.net)
  • Rational design of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells based on the recognition of antigenic epitopes capable of evoking the most potent CAR activation is an important objective in optimizing immune therapy. (nature.com)
  • Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are early, immature myeloid cells that are potent inhibitors of the immune system. (databasefootball.com)
  • MDSC role is to damp an immune response by inhibiting the function of T cells, natural killer cells and stimulating other inhibitory immune cells like regulatory T cells. (databasefootball.com)
  • There were also significant differences in microbial composition in dust samples and in innate immune cells between the two groups of children. (medscape.com)
  • GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
  • Intrigued by these findings, we sought to investigate whether Notch3 modulates oncogenic features of CRC cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The first-in-human testing of scFv-based B7-H3 CAR-T cells has shown antitumor response against anaplastic meningioma and childhood diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma without severe side effects 16 , 17 . (nature.com)
  • We hypothesized that the pretreatment with G-CSF may enhance the antitumor effect of ATO in non-APL AML cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rando, who also directs Stanford's Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging , is the senior author of the study, published April 18 in Cell Reports . (stanford.edu)
  • However, this was not observed in mice lacking the 2A subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor. (harvard.edu)
  • Hardwiring tissue-specific AAV transduction in mice through engineered receptor expression. (stanford.edu)
  • Mouse endometrial epithelial cells (MEECs) were isolated from C57BL female mice, and long-term cultures of MEECs were established and maintained with conditional reprogramming (CR) method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alterations of their tumorigenic phenotypes including survival rate, tumor formation and tumor spectrum, were assessed in FVB/N-Trp53 em2Hwl /Korl and C57BL/6-Trp53 em1Hwl /Korl knockout (KO) mice over 16 weeks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study was therefore undertaken to compared the tumorigenic phenotypes of FVB/N-Trp53 em2Hwl /Korl and C57BL/6-Trp53 em1Hwl /Korl KO mice encompassing the TALEN-mediated Trp53 mutant gene (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Effective CD8+ T-cell response critical for control of both acute and chronic Toxoplasmosis in prone mice strains paradoxically usually do not make certain their long-term success (7). (careersfromscience.org)
  • The frequency of pancreatic β-cell replication declines dramatically with age, potentially contributing to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in old age. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • We conclude that systemic factors contribute to the replicative decline of old pancreatic β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • By exploiting xenografts of CRC cells with different tumourigenic properties in mice, we found that the aggressive phenotype was associated with altered expression of components of the Notch pathway, including Notch3, Delta-like 4 (DLL4), and Jagged-1 ligands. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Disrupted hormones can cause weight gain, menstrual cycle disturbances, skin-related issues, mental health issues, and a poor quality of life. (agentnateur.com)
  • Old mice parabiosed to young mice have increased β-cell replication compared with unjoined old mice or old mice parabiosed to old mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • conversely, young β-cells transplanted into old mice decrease their replication rate compared with young cells transplanted into young recipients. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Cell cycle and DNA replication are top signaling hubs for medulloblastoma cell growth. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • Using a mouse model, the researchers identified a gene called Nfil3 , which guides the development of the T H 17 cells that patrol mucosal surfaces like the intestinal lining and protect against bacterial and fungal infections. (news-medical.net)
  • Researchers have been able to reverse symptoms of Alzheimer's in mice using only light and sound. (thedoctorwillseeyounow.com)
  • But researchers have been able to genetically modify mice so that they exhibit many of the symptoms of Alzheimer's, such as the buildup of amyloid plaques in the brain and memory deficits. (thedoctorwillseeyounow.com)
  • These cells entered what the researchers called an "alert" phase of the cell cycle that is distinct from either fully resting or fully active stem cells. (stanford.edu)
  • After 2.5 days, the researchers found that muscle stem cells from the recipient animals were in an alert state and completed their first cell division much more quickly than occurred in animals that had received blood serum from uninjured mice. (stanford.edu)
  • Stimulation with immobilized recombinant DLL4 or transduction with DLL4-expressing vectors dramatically increased Notch3 expression in CRC cells, associated with accelerated tumour growth. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The initial structure and activity relationship (SAR) analysis revealed that the length of the side chain at C-3 for isocoumarin-type compounds 1-3 could affect the cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The cytotoxicity is cell-cycle nonspecific. (medscape.com)
  • Surprisingly, NMDA-2A subunit synthesis in these cells was found to fluctuate in females in synch with their estrous state. (harvard.edu)
  • however, we have recently found that a residual replicative potential is retained even in β-cells of very old mice ( 8 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • An investigation of PLK1 expression in DepMap found PLK1 is a critical mediator in 55 central nervous system cell lines, including eight medulloblastoma cell lines. (childrenscolorado.org)
  • When we disrupted the normal day-night light cycles of mice, essentially giving them jet lag, we found that too many T H 17 cells developed and accumulated in the intestines. (news-medical.net)
  • At 15 to 25 weeks of age, the homozygote variants of these mice were found to be dramatically susceptible to the development of multiple tumor types, and malignant lymphoma and sarcomas were frequently observed in the thymus and major visceral organs of these animals [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
  • Osteoclasts are bone cells derived from monocyte/macrophage lineage and are exclusively responsible for bone resorption, which contributes to skeletal development, bone homeostasis, and remodeling. (frontiersin.org)
  • When the genetic information containing the "blueprint" for these substances is disrupted, cell homeostasis is disrupted, resulting in a wide-range of immediate and/or delayed toxicological effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Virtually all life forms on Earth undergo physiological and behavioral changes on a 24-hour daily, or circadian, cycle in accordance with the changes in natural light. (news-medical.net)
  • Many of our physiological processes, such as eating and sleeping, vary dramatically between day and night. (news-medical.net)
  • To determine whether Rad1 functions to maintain genomic stability and prevent tumor development, we generated Mrad1 mutant mice by gene targeting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • T-box factors T-bet and Eomesodermin play a critical role in development survival and function lorcaserin hydrochloride (APD-356) of CD8+ T cells (37 38 Studies from our laboratory suggest that anti-PDL-1 treatment dramatically augments manifestation of Eomes but not T-bet (unaffected vis-à-vis acutely infected mice) in cycling CD8+ T cells (Fig. S9). (careersfromscience.org)
  • In the biological activity test, compounds 1 and 3 showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with IC50 values of 11.49 ± 1.64 µM and 8.70 ± 0.94 µM, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • Compound 4 exhibited cytotoxic activities against human hepatoma cells HepG2 with an IC50 value of 34.10 ± 2.92 µM. (bvsalud.org)