• We showed that the extracted criteria could be used to evaluate the differences between individual embryos. (nature.com)
  • The use of a mesh system allows identification of individual embryos by position, and control of their orientation during culture and preparation for light and electron microscopy. (sciencegate.app)
  • In mouse, a unidirectional demethylation process from the zygote stage to blastocyst stage is observed using either reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) or single-base resolution whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) method. (nature.com)
  • At blastocyst stage, the segregation of the three primordial lineages is accompanied by establishment of differential patterns of DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of histones, such as H3K27me3. (sciencegate.app)
  • To facilitate a quantitative morphological analysis of early mouse development under controlled conditions, a perfusion culture system capable of supporting embryogenesis to blastocyst stage has been developed. (sciencegate.app)
  • 2- to 4-cell and morula- to blastocyst-stage mouse embryos were cultured for 1 h in tritiated leucine at two specific activities and their subsequent development followed in vitro and in vivo (after transfer to recipients), respectively. (sciencegate.app)
  • Using QCANet, we were able to extract several quantitative criteria of embryogenesis from 11 early mouse embryos. (nature.com)
  • Most importantly, our DNA methyltransferase loss-of-function analysis indicates that DNA methylation influences early monkey embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • However, robust and large-scale genome-wide reprogramming of DNA methylome occurs during two critical developmental processes: (1) development of primordial germ cells and (2) pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Although the genome-wide DNA demethylation is believed to be a hallmark of mammalian embryogenesis, previous study also indicated that the somatic form of dnmt1 ( dnmt1s ) is actually expressed at each stage of pre-implantation embryos and plays a role in the maintenance of DNA imprinting 8 . (nature.com)
  • These results strongly suggest the possibility of DNA remethylation during pre-implantation embryogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Monkeys have served as one of the most valuable models for understanding DNA methylation dynamics during early embryogenesis in human due to their similarities in genetics and early embryonic development 17 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • We herein report that oocyte-specific Uhrf1 KO results in impaired chromosome segregation, abnormal cleavage division, and preimplantation lethality of derived embryos. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • However, UHRF1 is predominantly localized in the cytoplasm of mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos, where it may play a role unrelated to the nuclear function. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Thus, maternal UHRF1 regulates the proper cytoplasmic architecture and function of oocytes and preimplantation embryos, likely through a mechanism unrelated to DNA methylation. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Collected MII oocytes were vitrified and divided into four groups: untreated, 10 mM caffeine (CA), 10 μM MG132 (MG), and 10 mM caffeine +10 μM MG132 (CA+MG). After warming, the MPF activity of oocytes and their blastocyst formation and implantation rates in the CA, MG, and CA+MG groups were much higher than those in the untreated group. (molcells.org)
  • Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
  • Differential expression analyses were performed between TBLCs and multi-embryonic cell stages to identify differentially expressed genes. (sciencegate.app)
  • Remarkably, a subpopulation within the TBLCs population expressed a high level of the totipotent-related genes Zscan4s and displayed transcriptomic features similar to mouse two-cell stage embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
  • Thus, we investigated male mouse (m) PRL protein and mRNA expression in spermatozoa at various differentiation stages in the testes. (go.jp)
  • This study underscores the subtle differences between in vitro derived TBLCs and in vivo mouse early developmental cell stages at the single-cell transcriptomic level. (sciencegate.app)
  • Another drawback of oocyte vitrification is diminished developmental potential because of the decreased quality of embryos after warming. (molcells.org)
  • To address this question, single-cell RNA sequencing was applied to TBLCs and cells from early mouse embryonic developmental stages and the data were integrated using canonical correlation analyses. (sciencegate.app)
  • We showed that QCANet can be applied not only to developing mouse embryos but also to developing embryos of two other model species. (nature.com)
  • In early embryos, cells are loosely connected to each other. (nature.com)
  • For time-lapse observation of early-stage D rosophila embryos, Keller et al. (nature.com)
  • We therefore decided to investigate comprehensively the global and high-resolution DNA methylation dynamics during early development of a non-human primate (rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta ). (nature.com)
  • Currently, the ability to culture in vitro totipotent cells possessing molecular and functional features like those of an early embryo in vivo has been a challenge. (sciencegate.app)
  • Our study provides the first comprehensive illustration of the 'wax and wane' phases of DNA methylation dynamics. (nature.com)
  • Because the cells in embryos are considerably crowded, an algorithm to segment individual cells in detail and accurately is needed. (nature.com)
  • To analyse the time-series 3D microscopic images of developing embryos with fluorescently labelled nuclei, these studies used image segmentation. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, due to ethical and legal concerns, very limited techniques can be applied to human embryos to validate some of significant conclusions drawn from descriptive studies regarding human embryonic development. (nature.com)
  • The first mitosis occurs from 17 - 20 hpf to produce a 2-cell embryo containing two diploid "zygotic" nuclei, each with a set of paternal and a set of maternal chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear transplantation in Mus musculus: developmental potential of nuclei from preimplantation embryos. (org.ua)
  • [13] Kwon OY, Kono T. Production of identical sextuplet mice by transferring metaphase nuclei from four-cell embryos. (org.ua)
  • The outer layer of cells comprises the trophectoderm that will form the placenta, while the inner cell mass consists of about 25 totipotent embryonic stem cells that will produce the embryo. (nih.gov)
  • Changes in the totipotency of individual cells are first detected at the 8-cell stage, although clearly differentiated cells first appear at the blastocyst stage with formation of embryonic (inner cell mass) and extraembryonic (trophectoderm) lineages (reviewed in Nothias et al. (nih.gov)
  • For the cell lines, we include embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) derived from fertilized embryos and from embryos obtained after nuclear transfer (NT) or parthenogenetic activation (PGA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, these cells are important models for pre- and post-implantation embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [9] McGrath J, Solter D. Nuclear transplantation in the mouse embryo by microsurgery and cell fusion. (org.ua)
  • Nuclear transplantation in sheep embryos. (org.ua)
  • Thus, ZGA has at least three recognizable phases: transcription without translation begins in late 1-cell embryos (phase I), but transcription coupled to translation does not begin until the early 2-cell stage in development (phase II), and robust transcription coupled to translation does not begin until the late 2-cell stage (phase III). (nih.gov)
  • Degradation of maternal mRNA is triggered by meiotic maturation and is ~90% completed in 2-cell embryos, although translation of maternal mRNA continues into the 8-cell stage. (nih.gov)
  • The first round of DNA replication occurs in both the maternal and paternal pronucleus of the fertilized egg (1-cell embryo). (nih.gov)
  • About 4 hours later, the first mitosis occurs to produce a 2-cell embryo in which each "zygotic nucleus" contains a complete set of parental chromosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Fertilization triggers completion of meiosis and formation of a 1-cell embryo containing a haploid paternal pronucleus derived from the sperm and a haploid maternal pronucleus derived from the oocyte. (nih.gov)
  • Late 1-cell embryos are transcriptionally competent. (nih.gov)
  • However, transcription-dependent protein synthesis does not begin until 2 to 4 hours after completion of the first mitosis and the beginning of S-phase in 2-cell embryos. (nih.gov)
  • Eight to 10 hours later during G2-phase of 2-cell embryos,expression of zygotic genes increases in both amount and complexity. (nih.gov)
  • During NT, the nucleus of a donor cell is introduced into an enucleated oocyte, after which ESC-NTs or EpiSCs-NTs are derived from the developing embryo. (biomedcentral.com)