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MethylationDNA MethylationHistonesCpG IslandsEpigenesis, GeneticDNA (Cytosine-5-)-MethyltransferaseSulfitesCytosineHistone DeacetylasesPromoter Regions, GeneticGenomic Imprinting5-MethylcytosineAzacitidineGene SilencingDNA Modification MethylasesEpigenomicsAcetylationHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsChromatinMethyltransferasesHistone AcetyltransferasesBase SequenceLong Interspersed Nucleotide ElementsDNADinucleoside PhosphatesDNA-Cytosine MethylasesMolecular Sequence DataProtein MethyltransferasesRNA, Long NoncodingDNA, NeoplasmS-AdenosylmethionineTranscription, GeneticDeoxyribonuclease HpaIIHydroxamic AcidsSequence Analysis, DNAHistone DemethylasesPolymerase Chain ReactionLysineGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGenes, p16Histone Deacetylase 1Gene Expression RegulationsnRNP Core ProteinsCell Line, TumorHeterochromatinNucleosomesHistone CodeProtein-Arginine N-MethyltransferasesGenome, HumanCell LineChromatin ImmunoprecipitationRepressor ProteinsNuclear ProteinsHistone Deacetylase 2Transcription FactorsDeath-Associated Protein KinasesTumor Suppressor ProteinsDNA-Binding ProteinsEuchromatinHistone ChaperonesRNA, UntranslatedMutationOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisGenes, Tumor SuppressorRNA, MessengerJumonji Domain-Containing Histone DemethylasesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression ProfilingChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyGenetic LociSite-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific)Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16AllelesBlotting, SouthernDNA PrimersCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15GenomeInsulin-Like Growth Factor IIAlu ElementsS-AdenosylhomocysteineDNA, PlantProtein BindingEmbryonic Stem CellsAmino Acid SequenceModels, GeneticPolycomb-Group ProteinsProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalChromosomes, Human, XChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalPrader-Willi SyndromeEmbryo, MammalianArabidopsisPhenotypeHeLa CellsSpermatozoaRepetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidNeoplasmsGene Expression
AcetylationGenesGene expressionGenome-wideTranscriptionalIncluding histone variantsEffects of DNA methylationPhosphorylationTrimethylationNucleosomesMethyl groupsVariantsMethyltransferasesEpigeneticsProteinDeacetylasesAltersMajor histoneCombinatorial patternsTranscriptionDeacetylationMolecularPromoter methylationPost-translationalLysine 36HeterochromatinRegulationProteins calledH3K27me3NucleosomeUbiquitinationPTMsCytosineMetabolismEnzymatic activityTumorsTightlyH3K36me3ResiduesAmino acidsDifferentiationSiRNAAberrantRecruitmentModification patternsEukaryotic
Acetylation15
  • Here we show through systematic epigenetic studies that the histone acetyltransferase p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) promotes acetylation of histone 3 Lys 9 at the promoters of established key regeneration-associated genes following a peripheral but not a central axonal injury. (nature.com)
  • We found that p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF)-dependent acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9ac), paralleled by a reduction in methylation of H3K9 (H3K9me2), occurred at the promoters of select genes only after PNS axonal injury. (nature.com)
  • Unlike methylation, acetylation weakens histones' interaction with DNA and loosens the chromatin to make it accessible to transcription factors. (jove.com)
  • Histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases catalyze acetylation and deacetylation. (jove.com)
  • Indeed, in eukaroytes, the whole histone-DNA complex is known as chromatin, and the "tightness" of the wrapping of the DNA into chromatin is an important mechanism by which the cell controls gene expressions, and this "tightness" can be controlled by a process known as histone acetylation, in which acetyl groups are tacked onto histones (or removed from them). (scienceblogs.com)
  • Acetylation removes a positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing its ability to interact with negatively charged phosphate groups elsewhere on the histones. (scienceblogs.com)
  • DNA methylation and histone acetylation, methylation or phosphorylation) occur in response to the environment and regulate gene expression patterns. (epigenome-noe.net)
  • While there are relatively few studies examining epigenetically mediated mechanisms involved in visceral nociception, stress-induced visceral pain has been linked to alterations in DNA methylation and histone acetylation patterns within the brain, leading to increased expression of pro-nociceptive neurotransmitters. (frontiersin.org)
  • Histones are vulnerable to various post-translational modifications (PTMs) including but are not limited to, lysine and arginine methylation, lysine acetylation, serine and threonine phosphorylation, and lysine ubiquitination and SUMOylation. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Quantification of acetylated histone would provide meaningful information for further characterizing the acetylation patterns or sites, and thereby cause a better understanding about epigenetic regulation of gene activation, and exploration of drugs targeting histone acetyltransferase (HAT) or histone deacetylase (HDAC). (creativebiomart.net)
  • In htz1Delta cells, Sir2 and Sir3 spread into flanking euchromatic regions, producing changes in histone H4 acetylation and H3 4-methylation indicative of ectopic heterochromatin formation. (sdbonline.org)
  • and they are associated with altered histone acetylation and transcription factor (nerve growth factor-induced clone A [NGFIA]) binding to the glucocorticoid receptor promoter. (deepdyve.com)
  • Phosphorylation of serine residues within Histone H3 is a highly dynamic process that associates with acetylation and methylation to create combinatorial patterns which are read by specific detector proteins (A. Sawicka & C. Seiser (2012) Biochimie 94, 2193-2201). (eurogentec.com)
  • The code is an array of post-translational modifications (acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation) of NH 2 -terminal tails of core histone and to a lesser degree their globular domains. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Epigenetic modifications of the histone proteins, such as acetylation or methylation, affect how tightly the DNA is packed around the histones and thus how accessible the DNA sequence is. (lu.se)
Genes19
  • By crossreferencing methylation patterns to genome-wide mapping of histone H3 lysine (K) 4/27 trimethylation and binding of Oct4, Nanog, and Polycomb proteins on gene promoters, we found that promoter DNA methylation is the only marker of this group present on approximately 30% of genes, many of which are silenced in mES cells. (ca.gov)
  • Methylation strengthens the interaction between histones and DNA, suppressing transcription of genes involved in differentiation. (jove.com)
  • In contrast, histone demethylases remove methyl groups to activate genes involved in pluripotency. (jove.com)
  • Enrichment of modifications in each metabolic domain, relative to all the genes in the genome, revealed both shared and diverse patterns. (biorxiv.org)
  • In contrast, metabolic genes involved in specialized and hormone metabolic domains, which are generally involved in interactions with biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli, showed distinct patterns with the enrichment of a repression mark H3K27me3 and an activation mark H3K18ac ( Fig. 1B ). (biorxiv.org)
  • The enrichment patterns of epigenetic modifications were consistent with expression levels of genes involved in each domain under healthy conditions (Fig. S1A). (biorxiv.org)
  • Processes that are considered to be epigenetic encompass DNA methylation (in which the cell silences specific genes by attaching methyl groups to bases that make up the DNA sequence) and wrapping the primary DNA sequence around protein complexes into nucleosomes , which are made up of proteins called histones . (scienceblogs.com)
  • In my own field of cancer HDAC inhibitors are a hot area of research as "targeted" therapies, although I must admit that I have a hard time figuring out how a drug that can affect the expressions of hundreds of genes by deacetylating their histones can be considered to be tightly "targeted. (scienceblogs.com)
  • This is achieved via interaction of LATS1 with the NCOR1 nuclear corepressor and recruitment of HDAC1, driving histone H3K27 deacetylation near NCOR1-repressed "basal-like" genes. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Soon after fertilization, the vast majority of methylcytosine in sperm is converted by the Tet3 enzyme to hydroxymethylcytosine that gets lost by dilution during replication, effectively erasing cytosine methylation patterns except for a subset that is maintained, including those of some imprinted genes. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • However, genes expressed early in development may preferentially retain histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • In contrast, the Lineage-Specific and Pseudo groups are enriched in genes with basal expression and higher SNP density and more correlated with methylation marks (RNA-directed DNA methylation and histone H3K27 trimethylation) that promote transcriptional silencing. (nih.gov)
  • The phosphorylation of histone at Ser/Threonine is associated with chromatin condensation during mitosis and transcriptional activation of genes, DNA repair and apoptosis as well as cell growth. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Swr1 is required for the deposition of histone H2AZ at specific chromosome locations in vivo, and Swr1 and H2AZ commonly regulate a subset of yeast genes. (sdbonline.org)
  • Typically, methylation turns genes "off" and demethylation turns genes "on. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemical groups can be added or removed from histones to make the histones more tightly or loosely packed, turning genes "off" or "on. (cdc.gov)
  • Non-coding RNA may also recruit proteins to modify histones to turn genes "on" or "off. (cdc.gov)
  • DNA methylation is a chemical process that regulates the function of the genes. (lu.se)
  • Scoccianti C, Ricceri F, Ferrari P, Cuenin C, Sacerdote C, Polidoro S, Jenab M, Hainaut P, Vineis P, Herceg Z. (2011) Methylation patterns in sentinel genes in peripheral blood cells of heavy smokers: Influence of cruciferous vegetables in an intervention study. (who.int)
Gene expression15
Genome-wide5
  • We report here genome-wide mapping of DNA methylation patterns at proximal promoter regions in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. (ca.gov)
  • We find that genome-wide DNA demethylation alters occupancy of histone modifications at both promoters and enhancers. (ca.gov)
  • Required for genome wide de novo methylation and is essential for the establishment of DNA methylation patterns during development. (abcam.com)
  • Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in bumble bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) populations from spatial-environmental range extremes. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Ling's research group has also shown that genetic and non-genetic factors such as SNPs, exercise, diet, obesity and age alter the genome-wide epigenetic pattern in human primary tissues for type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
Transcriptional5
  • Our aim is to investigate the role of histone methylation (H3K9me3) of Rac1 promoter in dynamic DNA methylation- transcriptional activation. (nature.com)
  • A closely related debate around chromatin modifications is about causality: several histone PTMs correlate with specific transcriptional states, but in many cases they are not responsible for a transcriptional outcome but rather are a consequence of it [7] . (plos.org)
  • The transcriptional patterns in each parasite are clonally transmitted over multiple generations of asexual growth, with stochastic switches between the active and silenced states occurring at low frequency ( Figure 1A ). (plos.org)
  • Mutations in the major core histones relieve transcriptional repression and bypass the requirement for SNF/SWI and SAGA. (sdbonline.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an aberrant DNA methylation of transcriptional and inflammatory factors, including TBX21, GATA3, RORγt, FOXP3, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A and TGF-β , in CD4 + T confers risk to BD. (oncotarget.com)
Including histone variants1
  • Specifically, we examined 16 high-resolution epigenomic profiles, including histone variants, DNA methylation, and histone modifications ( 5 ). (biorxiv.org)
Effects of DNA methylation2
Phosphorylation1
  • Detection of the phosphorylation levels in histone would afford valuable information for better understanding of the pathological process of some diseases, and for the development protein kinase-targeted drug. (creativebiomart.net)
Trimethylation3
  • Promoter CpG methylation contributes to ES cell gene regulation in parallel with Oct4/Nanog, PcG complex, and histone H3 K4/K27 trimethylation. (ca.gov)
  • In particular, trimethylation of Lys36 on histone H3 tail (H3K36me3) is associated with DNA methylation and elongation phase of transcription. (nih.gov)
  • In Arabidopsis, trimethylation of lysine 36 in histone 3 (H3K36me3) activates energy related pathways ( 3 ) and trimethylation of lysine 27 in histone 3 (H3K27me3) represses lipid biosynthesis pathways ( 4 ). (biorxiv.org)
Nucleosomes8
  • Chromatin is composed of nucleosomes-structures consisting of DNA wound around histone proteins. (jove.com)
  • We developed a single-molecule multiparametric assay to comprehensively profile the epigenetics of plasma-isolated nucleosomes (EPINUC), DNA methylation and cancer-specific protein biomarkers. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Our system allows for high-resolution detection of six active and repressive histone modifications and their ratios and combinatorial patterns on millions of individual nucleosomes by single-molecule imaging. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Cytosine modifications directly affect the positioning of nucleosomes (the first level of chromatin organization into chromosome involving the DNA chain wound around a core of 8 histone proteins), and recruit chromatin-modifying complexes that modify histones. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Nucleosomes impose a block to transcription that can be overcome in vivo by remodeling complexes such as SNF/SWI and histone modification complexes such as SAGA. (sdbonline.org)
  • Histone variant H2A.Z (Htz1 in yeast) replaces conventional H2A in many nucleosomes. (sdbonline.org)
  • How histone variants such as H2AZ are incorporated into nucleosomes has been obscure. (sdbonline.org)
  • These advances establish a third mechanism of chromatin reconfiguration, raising fundamental questions about the stability of nucleosomes in nonreplicative phases of the cell cycle and the cellular machinery responsible for incorporating histone variants into nucleosomes (Mizuguchi, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
Methyl groups2
  • PGC7/Dpp3a/Stella is targeted to the genome via binding to the heterochromatic histone mark H3K9me2 (this refers to a specific amino acid lysine in position 9 on histone H3 that has 2 methyl groups added). (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Histone methylation is the introduction of methyl groups to certain amino acids in a histone and it plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation of gene transcription and may serve as a global epigenetic mark. (creativebiomart.net)
Variants3
  • Histone variants can replace the major histone proteins, leading to chromatin remodeling. (jove.com)
  • therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. (jove.com)
  • Although some of the observed variants, such as chondroid meningiomas, clear-cell meningiomas, papillary meningiomas, and rhabdoid meningiomas, are associated with unfavorable prognoses, the other histologic patterns are not indicators of unfavorable biologic behavior. (medscape.com)
Methyltransferases6
Epigenetics2
  • Several voices have questioned this use of the word epigenetics, because many histone PTMs do not carry heritable information [1] - [8] . (plos.org)
  • Although the science of the epigenetics of human pain management is in its early stages with relatively few studies that have examined epigenetically mediated mechanisms involved in nociception in human subjects, a key aspect of the review will be to highlight the latest insights into epigenetic processes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs, and describe their involvement in the pathophysiology of chronic visceral pain. (frontiersin.org)
Protein6
  • A small molecular weight G-protein essential for Nox2 activation, Rac1, is also transcriptionally activated via active DNA methylation-hydroxymethylation. (nature.com)
  • Conversely, maternal cytosine methylation is protected from hydroxylation by the PGC7/Dppa3/Stella protein and methylation pattern is effectively maintained. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • The distribution and level of Dot1L protein and H3K79 methylation were examined using immunofluorescence and western-blot techniques, respectively. (nel.edu)
  • Aberrant DNA methylation of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) promoters in. (oncotarget.com)
  • The protein structure that surrounds the DNA, chromatin, largely comprises histone proteins and can be open or closed and thus allow or prevent factors binding to the DNA. (lu.se)
  • Shukla V, Cuenin C, Dubey N, Herceg Z. (2011) Loss of histone acetyltransferase cofactor transformation/transcription domain-associated protein impairs liver regeneration after toxic injury. (who.int)
Deacetylases2
Alters2
Major histone1
  • Much of the current understanding of these processes is derived from analyses of nucleosomal histones that represent the major histone species within cells. (sdbonline.org)
Combinatorial patterns1
  • Traditional strategies, such as radioactive labeling, immunofluorescence and western blotting, applied in the study of histone PTMs, can be specific and relatively quantitative, but they are limited owing to the technical issues, chemical diversity, combinatorial patterns of the modifications, as well as antibody availability and specificity. (creativebiomart.net)
Transcription6
  • Thus, H3K9me3 at Rac1 promoter assists in active DNA methylation-hydroxymethylation, activating Rac1 transcription. (nature.com)
  • Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. (jove.com)
  • The end result is that the "tightness" of the condensed (more tightly packed) histone-DNA complex relaxes into a state associated with greater levels of gene transcription. (scienceblogs.com)
  • The variant histone H2A.Z regulates gene transcription, and deletion of the gene encoding H2A.Z strongly increases the requirement for SNF/SWI and SAGA. (sdbonline.org)
  • These results describe a novel pathway for regulating transcription using variant histones to modulate chromatin structure (Santisteban, 2000). (sdbonline.org)
  • We associated lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) with demethylation and demonstrated unique patterns of DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation in relationship to open chromatin regions (OCRs), histone modifications and TF-binding sites. (stanford.edu)
Deacetylation2
  • In Dot1L deficient, accompanying with BubR1 (MAD3/Bub1b) remains on the chromosome, the mouse oocytes was blocked in metaphase of meiosis I. The histone deacetylation was also incomplete in Dot1L-deficient mouse oocytes. (nel.edu)
  • Dot1L and H3K79 methylation play important roles in meiosis progression and are supposed to be associated with chromosome deacetylation of mouse oocytes. (nel.edu)
Molecular4
  • Epigenetic information can be transmitted by several different molecular mechanisms, which include but are not limited to DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). (plos.org)
  • They identified a new mechanistic relationship between epigenetic modifications of histones (a molecular component present in every nucleosome of every cell) and DNA. (muhc.ca)
  • Therefore, we summarize the interrelation process between ncRNAs and methylation modifications in GI tumors, including the detailed mechanism of methylation enzyme regulation of ncRNAs, the molecular mechanism of ncRNAs regulation of methylation modifications, and the correlation between the interactions between ncRNAs and methylation modifications and clinical features of tumors. (ijbs.com)
  • Epigenetic regulation of GABA catabolism in iPSC-derived neurons: The molecular links between FGF21 and histone methylation. (cdc.gov)
Promoter methylation2
  • We found that the promoter methylation level of GATA3, IL-4 and TGF-β was significantly up-regulated in active BD patients and negatively correlated with the corresponding mRNA expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • Correlation of CYP2R1 gene promoter methylation with circulating vitamin D levels among healthy adults. (cdc.gov)
Post-translational1
  • Post-translational modifications of lysine residues of histones can result in a series of functional changes. (nel.edu)
Lysine 361
  • In their study, The histone mark H3K36me2 recruits DNMT3A and shapes the intergenic DNA methylation landscape , researchers showed how an epigenetic modification, called H3K36me2 (dimethylation of histone 3 at lysine 36), recruits the enzyme DNMT3A (DNA Methyltransferase 3A) which, once it recognizes the modification, methylates the DNA. (muhc.ca)
Heterochromatin1
Regulation3
Proteins called1
H3K27me33
  • DNA methylation promotes H3K27me3 deposition at bivalent promoters, while opposing H3K27me3 at silent promoters. (ca.gov)
  • DNA methylation also reversibly regulates H3K27ac and H3K27me3 at previously identified tissue-specific enhancers. (ca.gov)
  • Recruitment of modified histone proteins, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, at the aromatase promoter is FPT-specific during gonad determination. (utexas.edu)
Nucleosome4
  • The model of the DNMT3A-DNMT3L heterotetramer in complex with a dinucleosome highlights the mechanism for recognition of nucleosome by DNMT3s and explains the periodicity of de novo DNA methylation. (nih.gov)
  • They occur at any stage in the "life cycle" of histone primarily on the flexible N-terminal tails protruding from the surface of the nucleosome as well as on the globular core region, and they are most often mediated by enzymatic activity. (creativebiomart.net)
  • This study has found that Swr1, a Swi2/Snf2-related adenosine triphosphatase, is the catalytic core of a multisubunit, histone-variant exchanger that efficiently replaces conventional histone H2A with histone H2AZ in nucleosome arrays. (sdbonline.org)
  • To counteract constraints imposed by nucleosome structure, cells deploy two major classes of multiprotein enzymes, which covalently modify the nucleosome core histones or catalyze nucleosome mobility in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent fashion. (sdbonline.org)
Ubiquitination1
  • Recruitment of 53BP1 to chromatin flanking double strand breaks (DSBs) requires γH2AX/MDC1/RNF8-dependent ubiquitination of chromatin and interaction of 53BP1 with histone H4 methylated on lysine 20 (H4K20me). (uni-muenchen.de)
PTMs8
  • In view of these limitations, mass spectrometry (MS), coupled with highly advanced sample preparation and separation techniques, is emerging as an unbiased and robust experimental platform to analyze multiple histone PTMs in a high-throughput manner. (creativebiomart.net)
  • It can offer global information about individual or combinatorial PTMs patterns without a previous knowledge and locating the modification sites. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Histone PTMs analysis can be completed by employing intact histones (the top-down approach), intact histone tails (the middle-down approach) or short peptide fragments (the bottom-up approach) with equal reliability. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Equipped with foremost technologies and PhD-level scientists with years of experience, Creative BioMart is capable of providing flexible solutions to settle various kinds of problems in analytic project of histone PTMs available for the scientific community. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Our professional tools including arrays, instruments and bioinformatics together with rational design, rigorous conduction and quality assurance, will certainly accelerate your histone PTMs related research for a broad range of applications. (creativebiomart.net)
  • A huge library of histone PTMs have been described, while the correlation between the function and modification type still has not been elaborately clarified. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Nevertheless, most functional data is associated with individual prominent histone PTMs that are biochemically amenable to detailed study. (creativebiomart.net)
  • Several examples of crosstalk between two or more different PTMs have been reported, many being observed within the context of histones (Rust & Thompson, ACS Chem Biol. (eurogentec.com)
Cytosine4
  • Cytosine methylation of DNA involves a subset of genomic cytosines methylated at the C5 position in some species. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • though major model organisms such as worms and flies have perfectly functional epigenetic inheritance despite lacking cytosine methylation. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Conversely histone modifications can affect recruitment of cytosine methylases and demethylases. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Small RNAs including short-interfering (si)RNAs and piRNAs, and long RNAs such as long intergenic noncoding (linc)RNAs can direct histone modifications and cytosine methylation. (i-sis.org.uk)
Metabolism2
  • Here, we identified regulatory patterns of 16 epigenetic modifications across metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana . (biorxiv.org)
  • To determine how metabolism is regulated epigenetically, we first identified regulatory patterns of epigenetic modification across all metabolic domains. (biorxiv.org)
Enzymatic activity1
  • Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), one of the core components of PRC2, is a methyltransferase possessing the enzymatic activity to generate di/trimethylated lysine 27 in histone H3 [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Tumors3
  • Kong M, Yu X, Guo W, Guo R. The bidirectional interplay between ncRNAs and methylation modifications in gastrointestinal tumors. (ijbs.com)
  • It is the most common primary intracranial neoplasm and the most diversified in histologic patterns among all primary tumors of the CNS. (medscape.com)
  • In meningiomas, one feature may be dominant over the other, and this phenomenon partly contributes to the rich diversification of histologic patterns in these tumors. (medscape.com)
Tightly1
  • When histones are tightly packed together, proteins that 'read' the gene cannot access the DNA as easily, so the gene is turned "off. (cdc.gov)
H3K36me31
  • The trimethylated side chain of Lys36 (H3K36me3) is inserted into an aromatic cage similar to the "Royal" superfamily domains known to bind methylated histones. (nih.gov)
Residues1
  • A polyclonal antibody targeting the dimethyl-Lysine 9 of Histone 3 was tested against various H3 peptides and shown to bind to all peptides containing the dimethyl-Lysine 9, no matter the surrounding residues. (eurogentec.com)
Amino acids1
  • The Speedy 28-day polyclonal antibody recognizes Histone H3 K9me2 (E), independently of neighboring modifications S10ph and K14ac marks (H,I). The antibody specificity has been determined with different peptides derived from histone H3 (amino acids 1-20). (eurogentec.com)
Differentiation2
  • We seek to identify novel epigenetic regulators and characterize their roles in controlling the patterns of epigenetic codes during normal cell differentiation and tissue development. (pewtrusts.org)
  • Chapter 3 identifies the gonad-specific promoter and the temperature-dependent DNA methylation signatures of the aromatase gene during gonadal differentiation. (utexas.edu)
SiRNA2
  • Crosstalk between H3K9me3 and DNA methylation was examined in cells transfected with siRNA of histone trimethyl-transferase, Suv39H1, or Dnmt1 , exposed to high glucose. (nature.com)
  • The Dot1l expression and H3K79 methylation level were suppressed effectively with anti-Dot1l siRNA injection. (nel.edu)
Aberrant2
  • Our results suggest that an aberrant DNA methylation of GATA3 and TGF-β is associated with their mRNA expression and participates in the pathogenesis of BD. (oncotarget.com)
  • The aberrant expression of methylation and ncRNAs, two crucial regulators of epigenetic modifications, has been widely demonstrated in cancer. (ijbs.com)
Recruitment1
  • The histone methyltransferase MMSET/WHSC1 has recently been implicated in 53BP1 DSB recruitment. (uni-muenchen.de)
Modification patterns2
  • The function of DNA methylation depends on cell context and is correlated with histone modification patterns. (nih.gov)
  • Later we investigate histone and DNA modification patterns, and finally the RNA, and we try to understand why the patient who has a particular enzyme deficiency is sick. (muhc.ca)
Eukaryotic1