• Synaptic transmission and excitability in Aplysia sensory neurons (SNs) are bidirectionally modulated by 5-HT and FMRFamide. (jneurosci.org)
  • Using multi-electrode recordings in mice, we find that rate and rhythmicity of thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) neurons are predictive of their functional organization in sleep and suggestive of their participation in sensory processing across states. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although mechanisms operating at the level of single sensory neuron types or sensilla in the periphery have also been implicated in this process [ 14 - 21 ], the contributions of sensory neurons to mediating odorant discrimination and olfactory behavioral plasticity are not fully understood. (plos.org)
  • Caenorhabditis elegans senses and navigates its complex chemical environment using a small subset of sensory neurons [ 22 - 24 ]. (plos.org)
  • The valence of individual chemicals is largely determined by the responding sensory neuron type, such that distinct subsets of chemosensory neurons drive either attraction or avoidance to different chemicals [ 25 , 26 ]. (plos.org)
  • Neuroendocrine regulation of diverse behaviors of Caenorhabditis elegans is under the control of the DAF-7/TGF-β ligand that is secreted from sensory neurons. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our results suggest that regulation of gene expression in sensory neurons can function in the integration of a wide array of sensory information and facilitate decision-making behaviors in C. elegans . (elifesciences.org)
  • The signal in question is molecule called DAF-7, which is released by several sensory neurons-nerve cells that are used for detecting cues from the environment. (elifesciences.org)
  • The sensory neurons that release DAF-7 are found in both sexes of C. elegans but the specific way that the male worms express this signal encourages them to search for mates. (elifesciences.org)
  • These inputs all converge onto a single pair of sensory neurons, which integrate the inputs and enable the worm to assess its current and past experiences and alter its behavior accordingly. (elifesciences.org)
  • Moving forward the next challenge is to understand how information about both external environment and internal states, such as hunger, are communicated to and integrated by these sensory neurons. (elifesciences.org)
  • It has been hypothesized that decision making in animals is controlled primarily at the level of command interneurons or decision centers in the central nervous system, which receive input from an array of sensory neurons and integrate the information conveyed to inform behavioral decisions ( Kristan, 2008 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • Sensory neuroscience is a subfield of neuroscience which explores the anatomy and physiology of neurons that are part of sensory systems such as vision, hearing, and olfaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neurons in sensory regions of the brain respond to stimuli by firing one or more nerve impulses (action potentials) following stimulus presentation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Looking at early sensory processing is advantageous since brain regions that are "higher up" (e.g. those involved in memory or emotion) contain neurons which encode more abstract representations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the receptive field of a sensory neuron can vary in time (i.e. latency between the stimulus and the effect it has on the neuron) and in some spatial dimension (literally space for vision and somatosensory cells, but other "spatial" dimensions such as the frequency of a sound for auditory neurons), the term spatio temporal receptive field or STRF is often used to describe these receptive fields. (wikipedia.org)
  • One recent trend in sensory neuroscience has been the adoption of natural stimuli for the characterization of sensory neurons. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2. explore sensory physiology at an advanced level from single neuron function to complex neuronal networks in the visual, auditory and somatosensory systems. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • Our results indicate that context-dependent recruitment of alternative intracellular signaling pathways within a single sensory neuron type conveys opposite hedonic valences, thereby providing a robust mechanism for odorant encoding and discrimination at the periphery. (plos.org)
  • Here, we show that C. elegans males exhibit an altered, male-specific expression pattern of daf-7 in the ASJ sensory neuron pair with the onset of reproductive maturity, which functions to promote male-specific mate-searching behavior. (elifesciences.org)
  • It is therefore thought that all of the information a sensory neuron encodes about the outside world can be inferred by the pattern of its spikes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because neural responses are inherently variable (that is, their spiking pattern may depend on more than just the stimulus which is presented, although not all of this variability may be true noise, since factors other than the presented stimulus may affect the sensory neuron under study), often the same stimulus protocol is repeated many times to get a feel for the variability a neuron may have. (wikipedia.org)
  • abstract = "Introduction:Sensory impairment of the upper limb is common after stroke and negatively impacts a stroke survivor{\textquoteright}s recovery. (edu.au)
  • The latter is manifested in hypersensitivity to visual stimuli, measured with questionnaires and sensory thresholds, as well as in abnormal cortical excitability and a lack of habituation, assessed with visual evoked potentials elicited by pattern-reversal stimulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A typical experiment in sensory neuroscience involves the presentation of a series of relevant stimuli to an experimental subject while the subject's brain is being monitored. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is good reason to believe that there has been evolutionary pressure on sensory systems to be able to represent natural stimuli well, so sensory systems may exhibit the most relevant behaviour in response to natural stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
  • The adoption of natural stimuli in sensory neuroscience has been slowed by the fact that the mathematical descriptions of natural stimuli tend to be more complex than of simplified artificial stimuli such as simple tones or clicks in audition or line patterns in vision. (wikipedia.org)
  • Theory and research suggest that sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), found in roughly 20% of humans and over 100 other species, is a trait associated with greater sensitivity and responsiveness to the environment and to social stimuli. (drjudithorloff.com)
  • Sensory integration therapy can improve the ability to focus, reduce repetitive behavior, and modulate sensory stimuli better. (top10.com)
  • Hereditary sensory neuropathy type I (HSN I) is a slowly progressive neurological disorder characterised by prominent predominantly distal sensory loss, autonomic disturbances, autosomal dominant inheritance, and juvenile or adulthood disease onset. (orpha.net)
  • Inherited neuropathies in which autonomic or sensory features predominate, conditions in which the neuropathy is part of a multiple-organ disturbance, and neuropathies with specific metabolic dysfunction are not discussed. (medscape.com)
  • Depending on its pathogenesis, spinal cord disease can manifest with variable impairment of motor, sensory, or autonomic function. (medscape.com)
  • As in other sensory modalities, one function of the somatosensory system is to detect coherence and contrast in the environment. (nature.com)
  • higher brain functions that build on sensory function, such as visual memory and attention, reading, music perception. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • The purposes of this study were (a) to determine lower extremity anthropometric and sensory factors that are related to differences in comfort perception of shoe inserts with varying shape and material and (b) to investigate whether shoe inserts that improve comfort decrease injury frequency in a military population. (nih.gov)
  • Sensory sensitivity was assessed with the Sensory Perception Quotient and group comparisons were carried out. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In both experiments, patients reported increased visual hypersensitivity on the Sensory Perception Quotient as compared to controls. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the questionnaires used to assess sensory sensitivity is the Sensory Perception Quotient (SPQ), which evaluates a variety of visual parameters and has been used in both healthy and clinical populations [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chapters cover topics including the potentials and pitfalls of visualising, recreating, and re-enacting/experiencing the senses in Virtual Reality environments and also digital reconstructions and auralisations of ancient spaces to study sound sensory perception. (lu.se)
  • 3. gain an understanding of how basic experimental studies and clinical investigations reveal the neuronal mechanisms underlying function of sensory systems in health and disease. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • In the late 1960s, neurophysiologic testing allowed the classification of CMT into 2 groups, one with slow nerve conduction velocities and histologic features of a hypertrophic demyelinating neuropathy (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 1 or CMT1) and another with relatively normal velocities and axonal and neuronal degeneration (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type 2 or CMT2). (medscape.com)
  • Based on physicochemical, microbiological and sensory quality it is concluded that the low fat restructured chicken block incorporated with 40% gizzard and 3% fat replacing lean meat could be stored safely at frozen temperature (-18±1°C) for 60 days without any deterioration in quality. (scialert.net)
  • Ability to use terminology, appropriate to the field of sensory analysis, correctly and contextually. (edu.au)
  • The scope of submission is to collect both original research papers and reviews to expand knowledge in the field of sensory shelf life. (scienzesensoriali.it)
  • The design and function of sensory organs. (lu.se)
  • If you have any other questions about general sensory evaluation don't hesitate to contact us. (ri.se)
  • In both M1 and S1, these nonlinear interactions did not reflect a general suppression of overall activity, suggesting instead that the interactions we observed reflect rich, nonlinear integration of sensory inputs from the fingers. (jneurosci.org)
  • We suggest that this nonlinear finger integration allows for a highly flexible mapping from finger sensory inputs to motor responses that facilitates dexterous object manipulation. (jneurosci.org)
  • To successfully handle an object, the sensorimotor system needs to detect complex patterns of haptic information, which requires the nonlinear integration of sensory inputs across multiple fingers. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our results suggest that S1 and M1 provide the neural substrate necessary to support a flexible mapping from sensory inputs to motor responses of the hand. (jneurosci.org)
  • We hypothesized that, to support flexible behavioral responses to any pattern of sensory stimulation across the hand, sensory inputs from neighboring and non-neighboring fingers need to be integrated in a nonlinear fashion. (jneurosci.org)
  • This nonlinear code provides the neural substrate necessary to detect any specific pattern of stimulation across the hand and forms the basis for learning flexible mappings between sensory inputs and motor responses of the hand. (jneurosci.org)
  • This so-called neural code is currently poorly understood and sensory neuroscience plays an important role in the attempt to decipher it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neuroanatomy, neural processing and integration of sensory information. (lu.se)
  • Here, the goal was to determine whether factors such as age and/or disease severity may exert a modulatory influence on sensory sensitivity, cortical excitability, and habituation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The method development includes everything from selection and monitoring of the sensory panel to evaluation of different scaling techniques. (ku.dk)
  • Finally, a reliable and overtime fairly reproducible method for the evaluation of off-odors in the headspace of packages is presented. (ku.dk)
  • To evaluate the similarity of Huoling Shengji granule (HLG) and its placebo at both granules and solution status, the innovative methods that consist of intelligent sensory evaluation technologies and human sensory evaluation methods were developed based on critical quality attributes (CQAs) of granule. (hindawi.com)
  • In this investigation, the novel intelligent sensory evaluation technologies including the physical property testing apparatus, computer vision system, color card, and electronic tongue (E-tongue) were employed for characterization of CQAs of HLG and its placebo. (hindawi.com)
  • Meanwhile, human sensory evaluation by test panels was used to description the HLG and its placebo in terms of appearance, color, taste, and smell. (hindawi.com)
  • The intelligent and human sensory evaluation results showed that the similarity values of HLG and its placebo about the CQAs at granule and solution status were all close to 1, which means that the two preparations have high similarities. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, the established similarity evaluation methods based on the CQAs were convenient and reliable, which can be utilized to evaluate the similarity of TCM granule and their placebo at granule and solution status, and demonstrated to be well applied in placebo-controlled trials. (hindawi.com)
  • Ability to explain the benefits and limitations (scientific and ethical) of the sensory evaluation of food and be able to recommend, justify and critique commonly used methods of sensory analysis. (edu.au)
  • The design of score cards for sensory evaluation is challenging and difficult because the key characteristics of the product need to be evaluated on paper in a way that permits the judges to transmit their assessments of the samples accurately to the researcher. (iasri.res.in)
  • Sensory evaluation is generally used to quantitatively evaluate the tactile sensation of an object. (mdpi.com)
  • Psychometric evaluation of the sensory e-cigarette expectancies scale for use with adolescents. (bvsalud.org)
  • Sensory impairment of the upper limb is common after stroke and negatively impacts a stroke survivor's recovery. (edu.au)
  • This study aims to describe current clinical practice and identify the barriers and enablers for the assessment of sensory impairment in patients post stroke within acute stroke units. (edu.au)
  • Occupational therapists working within acute stroke units are aware of the importance of assessing sensory impairment of the upper limb post stroke. (edu.au)
  • This study aims to describe current clinical practice and identify the barriers and enablers for the assessment of sensory impairment in patients post stroke within acute stroke units.Method:A mixed-methods approach was utilised, with an Australian national cross-sectional online survey of occupational therapists (n = 85) and state-based focus groups (n = 2). (edu.au)
  • Three qualitative themes were identified: acute setting contextual factors, individual patient characteristics and priorities, and clinician knowledge and perceived benefits.Conclusion:Occupational therapists working within acute stroke units are aware of the importance of assessing sensory impairment of the upper limb post stroke. (edu.au)
  • Motor disturbances and coordination disorders take a predominant place among the causes of restriction of patients' vital activity chronic peripheral polyneuropathies, including sensory predominant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (SP-CIDP). (scirp.org)
  • One week later, rapidly progressing motor weakness and sensory disturbances developed, e.g., tingling in all limbs. (cdc.gov)
  • she was able to walk, and her sensory disturbances had rapidly disappeared. (cdc.gov)
  • Later, weakness with facial diplegia and sensory disturbances developed, e.g., tingling in all limbs. (cdc.gov)
  • Today, the measurements for the phenolic quality of grapes are still far from being able to explain the sensory quality of grape phenolics, which is why we propose an interesting study for the sensory characterization of grapes. (infowine.com)
  • and survival without severe or moderate neuromotor or sensory disabilities (cerebral palsy with Gross Motor Function Classification System levels 2-5, unilateral or bilateral blindness or deafness). (bmj.com)
  • to investigate the correlation between the profile neurofunctional and sensory motor skills of children with cerebral palsy. (bvsalud.org)
  • The present study is justified once it has not been found anything in literature about the correlation of the profile with the sensory-motor skills of children with cerebral palsy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, taking into consideration the fact that the sensory-motor skill is a factor of re-establishment of children's healthy development, this study aims to investigate the correlation between the neurofunctional profile and sensorimotor skills of children with cerebral palsy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we provide an alternative explanation for this correlation: common thalamic circuits regulate sensory processing across sleep and attention, and their disruption may lead to correlated dysfunction. (frontiersin.org)
  • correlation between sensory and instrumental parameters during shelf life. (scienzesensoriali.it)
  • This class uses movement and sensory discrimination to help people open to awareness and refine how they function in the world. (feldenkrais.com)
  • We offer a selection of discrimination tests with our analytical sensory panel. (ri.se)
  • Nerve conduction studies confirm a sensory and motor neuropathy predominantly affecting the lower limbs. (orpha.net)
  • Sensory nerve action potential was absent. (cdc.gov)
  • The spinal nerves consist of the sensory nerve roots, which enter the spinal cord at each level, and the motor roots, which emerge from the cord at each level. (medscape.com)
  • Healthy People 2020 Hearing and Other Sensory or Communication Disorders: methods, data resources, and prevalence estimates for measuring progress towards achieving objectives. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding neurological processing differences of children who have complex regional pain syndrome could help occupational therapy practitioners better understand their sensory modulation difficulties. (aota.org)
  • We propose that tapping and other sensory stimulation procedures globally increase serotonin. (eftuniverse.com)
  • The molecular machinery of sensory receptors. (lu.se)
  • sensory tests, proficiency tests, calibration methods, sensory studies: Does good-tasting food cause weight gain? (esn-network.com)
  • Previous studies exploring whether sensory processing is altered in migraine have focused on different processes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Starting from the premise that the sensorium is a historical formation, Mark M. Smith traces the origins of historical work on the senses long before the emergence of the field now called "sensory history," interrogating, exploring, and in some cases recovering pioneering work on the topic. (kobo.com)
  • The measurement is conducted in a sensory laboratory using 8-12 trained and selected judges from the RISE analytical panel. (ri.se)
  • The aim of the present study was to develop a sensory method to evaluate off-odors in a package headspace relative to a reference scale. (ku.dk)
  • However, because no study had separated the positive sensory qualities of the appetizing foods from their high sugar and fat content, it was impossible to know if the taste was actually driving the overeating. (esn-network.com)
  • To examine the effect of a unilateral full thickness macular hole on sensory and motor binocular function and to study recovery after successful surgical closure. (bmj.com)
  • In-depth conversations between a person with autism and an occupational therapist provide insight into understanding differences and difficulties in sensory processing and regulation, praxis, and communication. (researchgate.net)
  • This article illustrates the benefits of an intensive therapeutic program designed to address sensory and motor differences underlying communication, as well as the vital role the occupational therapist plays in addressing these underlying differences to improve functional communication and social participation. (researchgate.net)
  • Sensory assessment and treatment practices of occupational therapists working in acute stroke settings are largely unknown. (edu.au)
  • A mixed-methods approach was utilised, with an Australian national cross-sectional online survey of occupational therapists (n = 85) and state-based focus groups (n = 2). (edu.au)
  • Without experiencing its texture, taste, coldness, flavour, smell, and examining the multi-faceted and layered sensory experience that is all part of the process of eating an ice cream. (open.ac.uk)
  • A sensory analysis was conducted with 103 untrained panelists, evaluating the attributes of appearance, aroma, consistency, flavour, overall acceptance and the purchase intention. (scielo.br)
  • Evaluate if the sensory experiences such as taste, aroma, flavour, texture, or touch of a product differs when changes are made. (ri.se)
  • Specification of a family of methods for describing and assessing the flavour of food products by qualified and trained assessors. (iso.org)
  • The role of sensory information in behaviour and in the adaptation of animals to their environment (sensory ecology). (lu.se)
  • Animal behavior is directed by the integration of sensory information from internal states and the environment. (elifesciences.org)
  • The most effective method to evaluate potential changes in products is to use a sensory panel of human assessors. (ri.se)
  • Diagnostics Methods: Clinical neurologic, neurophysiological. (scirp.org)
  • For the 2 patients reported here, GBS diagnosis was based on a typical clinical acute motor and sensory polyradiculoneuropathy, which evolved in 3 characteristic stages: rapid deterioration, plateau, and slow recovery ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • A range of methods in physiology, ethology and human psychophysics are taught and used during the course. (lu.se)
  • We suggest that similar context-dependent coexisting coding strategies may be present in other sensory systems to adapt sensory integration to specific stimulus statistics. (nature.com)
  • Sensory neuroscience is also used as a bottom-up approach to studying consciousness. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sensory attributes are complex and hence, a more varies approach is required. (iasri.res.in)
  • To investigate sensory changes present in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders and chronic idiopathic neck pain using a variety of quantitative sensory tests to better understand the pain processing mechanisms underlying persistent symptoms. (lww.com)
  • As such, we propose that common thalamic circuit principles regulate sensory processing in a state-invariant manner and that in certain disorders, targeting these circuits may be a more viable therapeutic strategy than considering individual states in isolation. (frontiersin.org)
  • These findings support a model in which common thalamic circuits regulate sensory processing across sleep and attention, and suggest that targeting these circuits or their computational principles may be an effective therapeutic strategy in neurodevelopmental disorders. (frontiersin.org)
  • METHODS: Predictors of adherence to pharmacological and behavioral treatment were identified by analyzing data from a multi-site, two-group, parallel-arm, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial in primary care clinics in Aleppo, Syria. (who.int)
  • For happy and sad photo conditions, SPS was associated with activation of brain regions involved in awareness, integration of sensory information, empathy, and action planning (e.g., cingulate, insula, inferior frontal gyrus [IFG], middle temporal gyrus [MTG], and PMA). (drjudithorloff.com)
  • As part of the field of psychometrics, sensory methods are used for measurements that cannot be made directly by physical or chemical tests. (astm.org)
  • 1. introduce the principles and practice of modern methods (primarily neurophysiology, imaging, and computational approaches) for investigating sensory systems (vision, audition and somatosensation). (ncl.ac.uk)
  • The Feldenkrais Method of Awareness Through Movement is a remarkably modern and innovative process for helping people transform the quality of their lived experience. (feldenkrais.com)
  • This therapy helps children with autism who have difficulty processing and responding to sensory information, such as sound, touch, and movement. (top10.com)
  • Demonstrated ability to identify solutions to problems related to the sensory analysis of food and to apply and expand upon the theoretical concepts presented in lectures. (edu.au)
  • Migraine is a cyclic, neurosensory disorder characterized by recurrent headaches and altered sensory processing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Migraine is often characterized as a cyclic, neurosensory disorder due to reports of altered sensory processing in both ictal (migraine attack) and interictal (attack-free) phases [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Significant advances in archaeological computing, digital methods, and sensory approaches have led archaeologists to rethink strategies and methods for creating narratives of the past. (lu.se)
  • Demonstrated familiarity and competence with the practical skills and techniques used to analyse the sensory properties of food. (edu.au)
  • If you do not have a credit card, please call us at 1-800-353-1107 (8:30am - 4:30pm EST) to discuss alternative payment methods. (bridges-canada.com)
  • Widespread Sensory Hypersensitivity Is a Feature of Chronic. (lww.com)
  • Research aim: To estimate expressiveness of sensory ataxia in patients with sensory predominant chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in two regions of the Russian Federation: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Krasnoyarsk region. (scirp.org)
  • it was found that the deficit in the skills of these children is mainly related to the functional level, degree of disability, changes in the sensory system and flaws in bodily reactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our experiments also showed that the glucose infusion duration should preferably be prolonged to minimize the sensory side effects of the injection. (lu.se)
  • Sensory testing is concerned with measuring physical properties by psychological techniques. (astm.org)