• HEPES-buffered saline solution (HeBS) containing phosphate ions is combined with a calcium chloride solution containing the DNA to be transfected. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissues were then dispersed in series of incubations at 37°C in HEPES-buffered saline solution containing 1.2 mg/ml pan-creatin and 0.14 mg/ml collagenase (Worthington). (molcells.org)
  • [6] In 1885 Wilhelm Roux removed a section of the medullary plate of an embryonic chicken and maintained it in a warm saline solution for several days, establishing the basic principle of tissue culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2) Wash the gel with 10 column volumes of buffer, such as HBS (10 mM HEPES, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 7.5) and discard the flow through. (vectorlabs.com)
  • The procedure is based on slow mixing of HEPES-buffered saline containing sodium phosphate with a CaCl 2 solution containing the DNA. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The 19th-century English physiologist Sydney Ringer developed salt solutions containing the chlorides of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium suitable for maintaining the beating of an isolated animal heart outside the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • After use, wash the gel with several column volumes of buffered saline, then resuspend gel in buffered saline containing 0.08% sodium azide for storage. (vectorlabs.com)
  • There are many different methods of gene delivery developed for various types of cells and tissues, from bacterial to mammalian. (wikipedia.org)
  • The antiviral activity of various mammalian interferons is reviewed in Colowick, S. P. and Kaplan, N. O. Interferons, S. Pestka (Ed.), Methods in Enzymology. (justia.com)
  • TES and HEPES buffers in mammalian cell cultures and viral studies: problem of carbon dioxide requirement. (dojindo.com)
  • One of the cheapest methods uses calcium phosphate, originally discovered by F. L. Graham and A. J. van der Eb in 1973 (see also). (wikipedia.org)
  • Calcium phosphate transfection is a commonly used method for the introduction of DNA into eukaryotic cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The calcium phosphate transfection is a widely used method for introducing foreign DNA plasmids into cells. (jostchemical.com)
  • This unit contains two methods of calcium phosphate-based eukaryotic cell transfection, protocols that can be used for both transient and stable transfections. (jostchemical.com)
  • The calcium phosphate method is commonly used for transient transfections of HEK293 cells. (biologicals.cz)
  • A chemical gradient was still detected at pH 7.4 in the usual HEPES-based transport buffer in contrast to what was observed in a bicarbonate/CO 2 -buffered medium. (aspetjournals.org)
  • An antifolate chemical gradient was also detected in bicarbonate buffer at pH 6.9 versus 7.4, also suppressed by carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Substitution of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethane sulfonic acid (HEPES) for bicarbonate in protein-free animal cell culture medium: application to vaccinia virus quantitation and fluorogenic acetylesterase assay in living LM cells. (dojindo.com)
  • 3) Similar to the preparation method of Bicine, just mix HEPES and NaOH solution in proportion. (whdsbio.cn)
  • [12] He suggested that the potentialities of individual cells via tissue culture as well as that the reciprocal influences of tissues on one another could be determined by this method. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gill flap tissues are pods contained within the gill flaps, and wherein the method comprises the further step of separating the pods from the gill flaps prior to culturing. (gc.ca)
  • 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of harvesting the amebocytes is performed by exposing the gill flap tissues to a solution selected from the group consisting of between approximately 10 and 20% Limulus serum, a detergent solution, copper sulfate solutions and combinations thereof. (gc.ca)
  • Then, there is no need to use buffers such as Bicine, HEPES, EPPS, etc. to maintain a proper pH during in vitro experiments. (whdsbio.cn)
  • A method for producing horseshoe crab amebocytes in vitro by isolating amebocyte producing tissue from the gill flaps of horseshoe crabs, especially Limulus polyphemus. (gc.ca)
  • 9. 0.1× TE buffer (1 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.0). (lu.se)
  • 10. 2.5 M CaCl solution (Sigma-Aldrich, cat. (lu.se)
  • It may also refer to other methods and cell types, although other terms are often preferred: "transformation" is typically used to describe non-viral DNA transfer in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells, including plant cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because the term transformation had another sense in animal cell biology (a genetic change allowing long-term propagation in culture, or acquisition of properties typical of cancer cells), the term transfection acquired, for animal cells, its present meaning of a change in cell properties caused by introduction of nucleic acids by non-viral methods. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The transfection process is different from "infection," which is the term used for a viral method of introducing nucleic acids into cells (Promega). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Biological buffer is one of the most widely used auxiliary reagents in biochemical experimental research. (whdsbio.cn)
  • Biological buffers like these do not directly participate in the reaction or affect the detection-related reactions in the reaction system. (whdsbio.cn)
  • Desheng is a manufacturer specializing in the production of buffer raw materials, providing a variety of biological buffer raw materials including Bicine, HEPES and EPPS. (whdsbio.cn)
  • In biological experiments, it is important to maintain the pH of the solutions used. (dojindo.com)
  • Furthermore, the acids and bases used in the buffer should not produce chelates with metal ions, which are essential in biological systems. (dojindo.com)
  • Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research. (dojindo.com)
  • The most widely used physical method is electroporation, where short electrical pulses disrupt the cell membrane, allowing the transfected nucleic acids to enter the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to the methods, a mixture of lipids containing a protonatable or deprotonatable lipid, for example an amino lipid and a lipid such as a PEG- or Polyamide oligomer-modified lipid is combined with a buffered aqueous solution of a charged therapeutic agent, for example polyanionic nucleic acids, to produce particles in which the therapeutic agent is encapsulated in a lipid vesicle. (justia.com)
  • Additionally, the invention provides methods of making the compositions, as well as methods of introducing the nucleic acids into cells using the compositions and treating disease conditions. (justia.com)
  • Chemicals include methods such as lipofection, which is a lipid-mediated DNA-transfection process utilizing liposome vectors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other physical methods use different means to poke holes in the cell membrane: Sonoporation uses high-intensity ultrasound (attributed mainly to the cavitation of gas bubbles interacting with nearby cell membranes), optical transfection uses a highly focused laser to form a ~1 µm diameter hole. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are many methods employed in performing transfection. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • 7. Drop the solution evenly over the cell culture medium on the plate. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture . (wikipedia.org)
  • Since Haberlandt's original assertions, methods for tissue and cell culture have been realized, leading to significant discoveries in biology and medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders , Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins , who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cytotoxicity essay was carried out using cell cultures (mouse fibroblast L929 cell line) in which the viable cells were determined by means of the dye-uptake method performed at 2, 4, and 8 hours. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)
  • This process allows a variety of important applications, including the study of gene regulation, the analysis of the expression of proteins within eukarotic cells such as those of mammals, the production of transgenic organisms , and the methods of gene therapy. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The augmentation of intracellular pH, when cells are in a HEPES buffer, should be taken into consideration in studies that encompass all proton-coupled transporter families. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Several groups have developed methods to isolate human AT2 cells applying tissue digestion and consecutive filtration in their protocols. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study describes a novel method for isolating AT2 cells from human adult lung tissue by sprouting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to all previous attempts to isolate and culture amebocytes from Limulus for the production of pyrogen-sensitive lysate, an effective method and means has been developed utilizing the discovery that the gill flaps are the source of the cells which differentiate into competent amebocytes. (gc.ca)
  • 4) After sample application, wash column with 2-3 column volumes of buffer (or until the absorbance at 280nm is reduced to a satisfactory level) to remove unbound materials before elution. (vectorlabs.com)
  • 2. Remove medium from the dish and replace with glycerol solution. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Wash gel thoroughly with buffer before use to remove sugar added to stabilize the lectin. (vectorlabs.com)
  • This article discusses the pathophysiology and techniques of organ preservation and describes various preservation solutions currently used for kidney , liver , pancreas , small-bowel , lung , and heart transplantation . (medscape.com)
  • 5. The method of claim 4 further comprising manipulating the amount of lysate protein and number of amebocytes produced by exposing the gill flap tissue to low levels of endotoxin. (gc.ca)
  • 3) Place a collection vessel (e.g. glass test tube) under the column tip and apply the glycoprotein-containing solution.Allow the solution to drain through using gravity. (vectorlabs.com)
  • 5) Place a fresh collection vessel under the column tip.Apply the eluting solution again letting gravity do the work of moving the solution over the column. (vectorlabs.com)
  • METHODS AND PROCEDURES Animals Islets were isolated from 7- to 11-week-old male ZF and Zucker diabetic rats and their lean siblings. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • The present invention relates to a method of producing a lactose-reduced heat-treated milk-based product which comprises treatment of a milk-based substrate with a lactase and performing a heat treatment. (sumobrain.com)
  • Recommended product for eluting glycoconjugates bound to this agarose-lectin: Glycoprotein Eluting Solution, Cat. (vectorlabs.com)
  • It can be seen that the three buffers of Bicine, HEPES, and EPPS are all similar in their preparation methods. (whdsbio.cn)
  • Methods for the preparation of a lipid-nucleic acid composition are provided. (justia.com)
  • Water radiolysis is a simple, fast and environmentally-friendly method to prepare highly controllable metallic nanoparticles in large scale. (mdpi.com)
  • Our study provides a new method to tackling apoptosis related cardiac diseases. (molcells.org)
  • citation needed] Physical methods are the conceptually simplest, using some physical means to force the transfected material into the target cell's nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mix in proportion to obtain a buffer solution with a specific pH value. (whdsbio.cn)
  • the buffer needs to be effective in this range. (dojindo.com)
  • Proteomics is a research field undergoing rapid development, especially in regards to the methods being used. (hindawi.com)
  • One method of providing virus resistance is by use of vaccines. (justia.com)
  • However, none of these solutions have proven entirely satisfactory, and in vivo free antisense still has only limited efficacy. (justia.com)
  • A simple and improved method to generate human hybridomas. (dojindo.com)
  • Methods: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study compared the effect of topical mitomycin C on modified transcanalicular diode laser dacryocystorhinostomy. (bvsalud.org)
  • 4. A method for producing a horseshoe crab lysate, comprising the steps of producing horseshoe crab amebocytes by the method of claim 1, and lysing the amebocytes. (gc.ca)