Methodological infection isolation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Transmission of infectious diseases is often prevented by quarantine and isolation of the populations at risk. (e-epih.org)
In recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, quarantine and isolation are being adopted in many contexts, which necessitates an evaluation of global evidence on how such measures impact the mental health outcomes among populations. (e-epih.org)
This umbrella review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on mental health outcomes of quarantine and isolation for preventing infectious diseases. (e-epih.org)
This umbrella review found severe mental health problems among individuals and populations who have undergone quarantine and isolation in different contexts. (e-epih.org)
Quarantine and isolation are public health measures used to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases among individuals and communities [ 1 , 2 ]. (e-epih.org)
In addition, many people have reined in their activities because of fear of infection, and there has been an increase in the number of people in quarantine and isolation, with the cancellation of many sports competitions, and temporary closure of gyms and swimming pools, following as a result. (retailmarketexperts.com)

Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care which is attended by problems like, poor treatment outcomes, early development of opportunistic infections, increased healthcare costs, and mortality is a major problem in Ethiopia. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusion: It is pertinent that PLWHA are kept in early stages of HIV disease through combination of efforts such as prompt enrolment, commencement and monitoring compliance of HAART, and treatment of opportunistic infections, as well as public health measures including education, de-stigmatization, early diagnosis by extensive accessible screening/testing of at-risk population, social supports and economic empowerment, psychotherapy and social integration of affected individuals especially in a functional home. (bvsalud.org)

Our aim was to provide a rapid review and appraisal of the literature on mathematical models investigating COVID-19 infection in a university setting. (medrxiv.org)

As infection causing bacteria can live on one's body and in the surrounding environment, more effective interventions should simultaneously encourage personal-hygiene (e.g. hand-hygiene) and environmental-disinfecting (e.g. cleaning surfaces). (biomedcentral.com)
Because bacteria that cause infection can live on one's body and in the surrounding environment, preventing the spread of infectious diseases may require interventions that simultaneously encourage both personal- and environmental-disinfecting [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The effectiveness of the interventions were assessed in terms of their ability to reduce negative health-related outcomes: absences and/or the spread of respiratory tract or gastrointestinal infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Testing of symptomatic persons and screening of the university community regardless of symptoms, combined with isolation of infected individuals and effective contact tracing were critical for infection control in the absence of other mitigation interventions. (medrxiv.org)
When other mitigation interventions were considered (such as moving teaching online, social/physical distancing, and the use of face coverings) the additional value of screening for infection control was limited. (medrxiv.org)
Multiple interventions will be needed to control infection spread within the university setting and the interaction with the wider community is an important consideration. (medrxiv.org)
In addition, the interventions, government policies, and individual measures and exposures to infection due to outdoor mobility seldom act in isolation. (researchsquare.com)

The research "Evolution of Infection Prevalence by Covid-19: A Population-Based Study" is indeed urgent to identify how the virus is spreading across the country and to create more solid bases to better ground efficient responses to Covid-19. (sxpolitics.org)
Despite this conclusion, as noted by [ 18 ], the trial in [ 17 ] points to "a likely benefit of mask-wearing to the wearer-it did not examine the wider potential benefit of the reduced spread of infection to others-and this even in a population where mask-wearing isn't mandatory and prevalence of infection is low. (researchsquare.com)
Prevalence of TB infection and disease varies for different segments of the population. (cdc.gov)
Groups at high risk for TB include most racial/ethnic minorities, immigrants from countries with a high prevalence of TB, the homeless population, close contacts of persons with pulmonary TB, and persons with HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
In 2016, relevant study showed that the overall prevalence of bone and joint infections was estimated to be at least two per 10 000 children [ 2 ], whereas the incidences of developed countries were relatively low [ 3 , 4 ]. (lww.com)

Mycobacterium intracellulare is the major causative agent of nontuberculous mycobacteria-related pulmonary infections. (ophrp.org)
Antibiotic susceptibility testing, hsp65 and rpoB sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), mycobacteria interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MIRU-VNTR), and VNTR assay targeting 44 M. intracellulare isolates obtained from patients with pulmonary infections were performed. (ophrp.org)

We listed methodological characteristics and when genetic data was available we calculated effect sizes. (biomedcentral.com)

Pathology reveals a marked increase in the size of the airspaces, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. (medscape.com)

Objective To estimate the infection fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from data of seroprevalence studies. (researchgate.net)

We conducted a systematic review [ Reference Moher 6 ] to investigate the evidence supporting the effectiveness of face masks in reducing influenza virus infection under controlled and natural conditions. (cambridge.org)
About half of the included systematic reviews (SRs)/meta-analyses (MAs) suffered from poorer methodological quality and increased risk of bias, reducing confidence in the findings. (biomedcentral.com)

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is rampant among bacteria that cause healthcare- and community-acquired infections, driving up costs and increasing the difficulty of therapeutic management. (europa.eu)

In many disciplines, telepractice was considered a potential solution to service delivery challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly due to its compliance with physical distancing measures and stay-at-home orders that many governments enacted to curb the spread of infection [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
During the COVID-19 pandemic, quarantine and self-isolation, potential health issues and uncertainty, limited outdoor and social activities, social media exposure with negative news, and other pandemic-driven stressors such as financial problems and food insecurity, have all resulted in negative physiological and psychological effects for people. (springer.com)
Estimates of infection fatality rates inferred from seroprevalence studies tend to be much lower than original speculations made in the early days of the pandemic. (researchgate.net)

Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality during hospital stay at 28 days of age, length of hospital stay , as well as potential adverse effects of isolation or cohorting measures , or both. (bvsalud.org)
Risks secondary to infection control measures need to be balanced against the benefits of decreasing horizontal transmission in the neonatal unit for optimal neonatal outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
We searched nine major databases and additional sources and included articles if they were systematically conducted reviews, published as peer-reviewed journal articles, and reported mental health outcomes of quarantine or isolation in any population. (e-epih.org)

The majority of infections result from interactions between the animal reservoir and human populations, although secondary transmission between humans can occur, particularly in hospital settings. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of bacterial infection worldwide. (who.int)
Osteomyelitis in children and adolescents is an inflammation of the bones, usually caused by an acute bacterial infection [ 1 ]. (lww.com)

Infant isolation and cohorting for preventing or reducing transmission of healthcare-associated infections in neonatal units. (bvsalud.org)

Key findings revealed that the infection has an incubation period of 1-14 days, during which the viral particles can be transmitted via respiratory droplets from an infected individual to susceptible subjects, especially those with weak immunity and the elderly. (ospublishers.com)
infection occurs when susceptible persons inhale infectious droplets produced by the exhalations of persons with respiratory tract TB. (cdc.gov)
According to titer of virus, the KOP-R cell line was the most susceptible for the isolation of cp BVDV strains and SFT-R and BEL cell lines for non-cp BVDV strains. (uvlf.sk)

LCMV infection manifests itself in a wide range of clinical symptoms, and may even be asymptomatic for immunocompetent individuals. (wikipedia.org)
thus, methodological standards are lacking and there are currently no clinical interpretation criteria available [ 16 , 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
4, 8, 9, 10 Dual infections occur but it is unclear whether the clinical impact of dual pathogens is cumulative. (bmj.com)
Infection is more likely to progress to clinical disease in the presence of certain risk factors, including younger and older ages, male sex, infection within the past 2 years, leanness, and suppression of cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)
Definitive diagnosis requires isolation and identification of organisms of the M. tuberculosis complex from a clinical specimen. (cdc.gov)
The most frequent clinical form of circovirus infection in swine is the post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). (uvlf.sk)

Neonatal healthcare -associated infections (HAIs) result in increased morbidity and mortality , as well as increased healthcare costs . (bvsalud.org)

1. In the African Region, oral diseases are among the most common noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and may affect people throughout their lifetime, causing pain, disfigurement, social isolation, distress and even death. (who.int)
Consequently, they experienced formal (externally imposed) and informal (self-imposed) periods of social isolation and quarantine. (bmj.com)
Factors driving rejection included: fear of sexually transmitted infections, social stigma directed toward the husbands themselves, and an understanding of marriage and fidelity that is incompatible with rape. (biomedcentral.com)
Social taboos dictate that victims of sexual violence be seen as unclean, spoiled or unfaithful, leading to protracted social isolation and stigmatisation [ 4 , 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Employment and economic uncertainty, chronic stress, anxiety, and social isolation are likely to have negative impacts on parent mental health, couple and family relationships, as well as child health and development. (frontiersin.org)
Consistent with government responses around the world, the Australian federal and state governments introduced an increasingly strict regime of social distancing/isolation measures to slow the rate of infection ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Research projects applicable to this FOA are those that are either applied or basic in nature (including methodological development), have a human behavioral and/or social science focus, and feature systems science methodologies. (nih.gov)
Some countries with top and robust healthcare systems are obviously struggling to contain the outbreak, and most countries have adopted a partial or complete lockdown, as well as public health measures such as social distancing, quarantine, isolation and community containment strategy, to delay the spread of the virus and protect the healthcare systems. (ospublishers.com)

GNB) have important infection control implications that either have not been addressed or received only limited consideration in previous isolation guidelines. (cdc.gov)

Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 (BVDV 1 and 2) (the genus Pestivirus, the family Flaviviridae) is distributed worldwide and causes severe economical losses due to the decreased fertility, abortions, diarrhea, respiratory symptoms, and persistent infection in intrauterinary infected calves. (uvlf.sk)

newborn infants less than six months of age in neonatal units that implemented patient isolation or cohorting as infection control measures to prevent HAIs. (bvsalud.org)
In a matched case-control study, we studied the effect phenomenon by using individual patient-level data, i.e., of prior receipt of fluoroquinolones on isolation of three whether fluoroquinolone use, in addition to lowering the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative likelihood of emergence of resistance in an individual nosocomial pathogens. (cdc.gov)
Although good to identify all cultures positive for nosocomial third-gener- infection control practices are the most important measure ation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacter spp. (cdc.gov)
b Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Diagnosis, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. (who.int)
Moran GJMcCabe FMorgan MTTalan DA Delayed recognition and infection control for tuberculosis patients in the emergency department. (jamanetwork.com)
The authors find that infection with SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 1.8% of the participants in the treated group (recommended masks for 3 hours per day) versus 2.1% of the participants in the control group. (researchsquare.com)
The strain typing of M. intracellulare is important for the treatment and control of its infections. (ophrp.org)
Over the past few years we have had frequent requests for the details such as isolation and attenuation and accordingly we felt that bringing the data together in the report below would be both helpful and informative to those involved in the production and control of poliovirus vaccine (oral) prepared from these strains. (who.int)
SG 88/05) The Minister of Health shall exercise methodological management and control of the medical activity of the medical establishments at the Council of Ministers, the Ministry of defence, the Ministry of Interior, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Transport. (who.int)

Our secondary objective was to assess the effect of single-room isolation or cohorting, or both on neonatal mortality and perceived or documented adverse effects in newborn infants admitted to the NICU. (bvsalud.org)
To quantify mortality attributable to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children. (bmj.com)

An outbreak of tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant tubercle bacilli among patients with HIV infection. (jamanetwork.com)
Hospital outbreak of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections: factors in transmission to staff and HIV-infected patients. (jamanetwork.com)

Our primary objective was to assess the effect of single-room isolation or cohorting, or both for preventing transmission of HAIs or colonization with HAI-causing pathogens in newborn infants less than six months of age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). (bvsalud.org)
the primary outcome was the rate of transmission of HAIs as estimated by the infection and colonization rates in the NICU. (bvsalud.org)
There is an urgent need to research the effectiveness of patient isolation measures for preventing the transmission of HAIs in neonatal units. (bvsalud.org)
Further studies in controlled settings and studies of natural infections in healthcare and community settings are required to better define the effectiveness of face masks and respirators in preventing influenza virus transmission. (cambridge.org)
In summary, the overarching rationale of SATURN was to improve methodological standards and conduct research that will help to better understand the impact of antibiotic use on acquisition, selection and transmission of AMR in different environments, by combining analyses of molecular, individual patient-level and ecologic data. (europa.eu)
Also, SATURN had as mission to improve methodological standards and conduct research to better understand the impact of antibiotic use on acquisition, selection and transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in different environments, by combining state-of-the-art analyses of molecular, ecologic and individual patient-level data. (europa.eu)

Patient isolation measures , i.e. single-room isolation or the cohorting of patients with similar infections , remain a recommended and commonly used practice for preventing horizontal spread of infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). (bvsalud.org)
The standard methods of Cochrane Neonatal were used to identify studies and assess the methodological quality of eligible cluster-randomized trials. (bvsalud.org)

It was first isolated from mice which sustained a persistent LCMV infection from birth. (wikipedia.org)

Chronic infections have not been reported in humans and deaths rarely occur. (wikipedia.org)
Severity of illness now appears to be more moderate than initially feared [ Reference Fraser 1 , Reference Wilson and Baker 2 ], although high population attack rates would be associated with significant numbers of severe infections, hospitalizations and deaths. (cambridge.org)
The infection has spread across the various continents of the world, causing an alarming number of deaths daily. (ospublishers.com)
Infection fatality rate was estimated from each study dividing the number of COVID-19 deaths at a relevant time point by the number of estimated people infected in each relevant region. (researchgate.net)

This is referred to as acute (Armstrong) LCMV infection. (wikipedia.org)
Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is an infection confirmed by the isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from a normally sterile site, while non-invasive pneumococcal disease includes sinusitis, mastoiditis, acute otitis media, and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). (biomedcentral.com)
Acute Liver Failure after Treatment with Rivaroxaban for Aortic Thrombosis Associated with COVID-19 Infection and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism (C677T). (kbsplit.hr)

Melioidosis is a severe infection caused by the environmental bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei . (plos.org)

This paper presents the first detection and isolation of PCV2 in Slovakia, which was confirmed by laboratory methods at antigenic and genetic level. (uvlf.sk)

The entire illness usually lasts 1 to 3 weeks, nonetheless, temporary or permanent neurological damage is possible in all central nervous system infections, especially in cases of meningoencephalitis. (wikipedia.org)

patient isolation measures (single-room isolation or cohorting, or both of infants with similar colonization or infections ) compared to routine isolation measures . (bvsalud.org)
The review found no evidence from randomized trials to either support or refute the use of patient isolation measures (single-room isolation or cohorting) in neonates with HAIs. (bvsalud.org)
Treating these measures in isolation could lead to under- or over-estimation of their effectiveness at reducing the spread of the disease, biasing the assessments of the measure's impact. (researchsquare.com)

Environmental sampling is important to identify geographical distribution of the organism and related risk of infection to humans and livestock. (plos.org)

Not only is rape often physically and psychologically devastating, but it also brings the fear of sexually transmitted infections, the risk that a survivor will no longer be accepted by members of their own families, and the breakdown of wider communal and familial relations. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies have identified several host genetics factors influencing risk of pneumococcal disease, but many result in non-reproducible findings due to methodological limitations. (biomedcentral.com)
BCG vaccination is no longer recommended for health-care workers or other adults at high risk for acquiring TB infection. (cdc.gov)
The risk for infection is directly related to duration and intensity of exposure to air contaminated with these droplets. (cdc.gov)

The latter is referred to as chronic (Clone 13) LCMV infection. (wikipedia.org)

The low relative abundance of the gut mycobiota and difficulties in fungal taxonomical identification present a variety of methodological challenges in mycobiome characterization, including incomplete or biased community sequencing data. (usda.gov)

These articles reported a high burden of mental health problems among patients, informal caregivers, and healthcare providers who experienced quarantine or isolation. (e-epih.org)

Two hundred eighty-two cases with patient, also results in reduced initial isolation of resistant a third-generation cephalosporin-resistant pathogen (203 strains in a given population. (cdc.gov)
Isolation of identified cases and quarantine of contacts is likely to lead to large numbers of students requiring educational, psychological and behavioural support and will likely have a large impact on the attendance of students (and staff), necessitating online options for teaching, even where in-person classes are taking place. (medrxiv.org)
In cases of primary endodontic infections, there is a higher bacterial load than in secondary infections 6-7 . (bvsalud.org)

Methods: An inductive methodological approach guided the research design. (bvsalud.org)

Conclusions The infection fatality rate of COVID-19 can vary substantially across different locations and this may reflect differences in population age structure and case-mix of infected and deceased patients as well as multiple other factors. (researchgate.net)

Probably, the transient microorganisms in the oral cavity and changes in the microenvironment create favorable conditions for secondary or refractory endodontic infection 11 . (bvsalud.org)

Many types of cells have to be able to move around, such as during the development of the body, or when immune cells have to reach the site of an infection or injury. (labroots.com)

To prevent any COVID-19 infections in the station, all 10 new arrivals are isolating: we are wearing masks inside the station, using different lounges, bedrooms and bathrooms, and eating at different times in the mess hall. (dlr.de)

Although next generation sequencing has rapidly improved our understanding of the microbiome, mycobiome studies necessitate careful assessment of techniques including DNA isolation method, primer design and choice, polymerase selection, sequencing platform, and reference database composition. (usda.gov)

Beyond Blood Smears: Qualification of Plasmodium 18S rRNA as a Biomarker for Controlled Human Malaria Infections. (umaryland.edu)
The Controlled Human Malaria Infection Experience at the University of Maryland. (umaryland.edu)
In addition, BCG should not be given to persons who are immunocompromised, including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (cdc.gov)

Mathematical models are useful tools for understanding the potential spread of infection and are being actively used to inform policy about the management of COVID-19. (medrxiv.org)

This is a particularly technical and methodological challenge. (dlr.de)

The R 0 (basic reproduction number) of the original wild type SARS-CoV-2 has been estimated between 2.2 and 3.3 in a non-lockdown population, that is each infected individual, on average, causes between 2-3 new infections 12,33 . (radiopaedia.org)
One of the most serious health problems that threatens the world population is COVID-19 infection. (biomedcentral.com)

Insofar as they acknowledge AIDS as a real disease, they attribute it to some combination of sexual behavior , recreational drugs , malnutrition , poor sanitation , haemophilia , or the effects of the medications used to treat HIV infection ( antiretrovirals ). (wikipedia.org)

Infection and colonization rates were to be expressed as rate ratios for each trial and if appropriate for meta-analysis , the generic inverse variance method in RevMan was to be used. (bvsalud.org)
Well-designed trials randomizing clusters of units or hospitals to a type of patient isolation method intervention are warranted. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy15

Organisms38

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs47

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment74

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes67

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care15

Quarantine and isolation6

Opportunistic infections2

Investigating COVID-19 infection1

Interventions7

Prevalence5

Pulmonary2

Characteristics1

Susceptibility1

Coronavirus1

Systematic2

Bacteria that cause1

Pandemic3

Outcomes3

Populations1

Bacterial infection2

Infant1

Susceptible3

Clinical6

Healthcare costs1

Social8

Consideration1

Symptoms1

Control9

Mortality2

Tuberculosis2

Transmission6

Neonatal2

Persistent1

Deaths4

Acute3

Severe1

Genetic1

Neurological1

Measures3

Humans1

Risk4

Chronic1

Community1

Mental1

Cases3

Research1

Patients1

Secondary1

Injury1

Masks1

Studies1

Human3

Spread1

Technical1

Population2

Effects1

Method2