Metastatic breast cancer phenotype osteocalcin. Medical search. Frequent questions

Results for ER- disease did not differ by menopausal status at blood collection ( p het = 0.97), and we observed no heterogeneity by HT use at blood collection ( p het ≥ 0.43) or age at breast cancer diagnosis ( p het ≥ 0.30). (biomedcentral.com)
However, for those with metastatic breast cancer, the clinical treatment outcomes are still far from satisfactory and only palliative care (e.g., focusing on the prolongation of survival and alleviation of symptoms) may be possible, largely due to the metastatic heterogeneity and the elusive pathogenesis of breast cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
Conclusion: Genetic profiling with liquid biopsy at the time of recurrence and metastasis may be useful in patients with multiple synchronous cancers because there is less heterogeneity between primary and metastatic sites. (bvsalud.org)

It has been observed that higher serum osteocalcin levels are relatively well correlated with increases in bone mineral density during treatment with anabolic bone formation drugs for osteoporosis, such as teriparatide. (wikipedia.org)
These studies have revolutionized understanding of the regulation of osteoclast activity and led to the development of Denosumab as a clinical candidate for the treatment of osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease, now approved for clinical use worldwide. (big-picture.net)
A decade ago, rare human mutations were identified that either negatively (osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome) or positively (high-bone mass phenotype, sclerosteosis and Van Buchem disease) affect bone formation. (aging-us.com)

Mesenchymal stem cells up-regulate the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells via the eotaxin-3/CCR3 axis. (cancerindex.org)
State‑of‑the‑art research has indicated the retention of RUNX2 expression in a more invasive subtype of breast cancer, and in particular, triple‑negative breast cancer development and drug resistance are associated with estrogen receptor signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
It is generally believed that the high mortality rate of lung cancer cases may be a result of the aggressiveness and invasive and metastatic potential of the disease and the fact that it is not easily detectable until it reaches advanced stages [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

During the fusion course of action a metaplastic shift appeared from the arch centra wherever cells inside the intermediate zone concerning osteoblasts and chon drocytes co transcribed col1a, col2a, runx2, osteocalcin make it clear and osteonectin, as visualized by ISH. (pkc-inhibitors.com)
Runt‑related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a pivotal transcription factor in mammary gland and bone development, has also been related to metastatic cancer and BCSCs. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present review mainly focused on the latest updates on RUNX2 in BCSCs and their roles in breast cancer progression and drug resistance, providing insight that may aid the development of RUNX2‑based diagnostics and treatments for breast cancer in clinical practice. (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, RUNX2 is involved in the progression of various tumor types, such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer ( 15 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Of note, other studies have also indicated the involvement of RUNX2 in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and breast cancer progression ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, Zhang et al ( 23 , 24 ) found that RUNX2 was required for the activity of CD44 + /CD24 −/low BCSCs during breast cancer development, while miR-205/RUNX2 axis was further identified with s negative regulatory effect upon the activity of CD44 + /CD24 − BCSCs. (spandidos-publications.com)
Taken together, these studies indicated the involvement of RUNX2 in BCSCs and its roles in breast cancer diagnosis and drug resistance, revealing its promising prospective clinical application and utility as an antitumor drug target in the future. (spandidos-publications.com)

However, whether primary or non-bone metastatic gastric cancer induces bone loss remains unclear. (aging-us.com)
Here, we collected clinical evidence of bone loss by analyzing serum and X-rays of 25 non-bone metastatic gastric cancer patients. (aging-us.com)
In addition, C57BL mice were injected with the human gastric cancer cell line HGC27 and its effect on bone mass was analyzed by Micro-CT, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. (aging-us.com)
These indicated that gastric cancer could damage bone tissue before the occurrence of bone metastases. (aging-us.com)
In summary, our results suggest that gastric cancer cells might cause bone damage prior to the occurrence of bone metastasis via cilia-dependent activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (aging-us.com)
While bone loss is likely to occur during the early stages of gastric cancer, it has largely remained undetected and has therefore not caused much concern. (aging-us.com)
The occurrence of cancer-associated bone disease may be due to the direct or systemic action of the gastric cancer itself during the treatment of the primary tumor. (aging-us.com)
Bone loss is associated with localized effects of metastatic deposits in the bone and/or systemic bone loss caused by bone resorption hormones or cytokines released into the systemic circulation by the gastric cancer [ 1 ]. (aging-us.com)
Once bone metastases occur, gastric cancer-induced osteoclast activation and bone resorption can proceed at a dangerously high rate resulting in the development of bone lesions that cause considerable pain and morbidity in patients [ 3 ]. (aging-us.com)
However, the phenomenon of bone loss caused by gastric cancer has not received enough clinical attention, and its molecular mechanism and optimal treatment strategy are still unknown. (aging-us.com)
In this study we focus on bone loss during the early stages of gastric cancer development before the occurrence of bone metastasis. (aging-us.com)

reevaluated for other phenotypes, including oxidative fermentation of lactose and sucrose. (hifsignaling.com)

In humans, osteocalcin is encoded by the BGLAP gene. (wikipedia.org)
I have also participated in the investigation of the regulation of bone formation by growth factor treatments and by genetically modifying mice leading the discovery of the periosteal anabolic effects of fibroblast growth factors in vivo, and characterizing the role of osteocalcin though osteocalcin gene knockout leading to a nature publication. (big-picture.net)
6) Expression degrees of BRD4 correlate with breasts cancer survival prices,(7) and in a subset of malignant squamous carcinomas, the N-terminal bromodomains of BRD4 are fused in framework towards the NUT gene presenting rise to extremely intense tumor development. (smartrailexpo-europe.com)

Osteocalcin is secreted solely by osteoblasts and thought to play a role in the body's metabolic regulation. (wikipedia.org)
As osteocalcin is produced by osteoblasts, it is often used as a marker for the bone formation process. (wikipedia.org)
Several in vitro scientific studies have demonstrated that chon drocytes related with calcifying cartilage can acquire properties of osteoblasts and therefore are able to change their phenotype from a primarily cartilage www.selleckchem.com/products/Romidepsin-FK228.html synthesizing cell type to a bone synthesizing cell style. (pkc-inhibitors.com)

Women with early breast cancer or locoregional relapse are usually able to be cured by multidisciplinary remedies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and pharmacotherapy. (spandidos-publications.com)
In spite of the advances in treatment of primary malignancy, cases of relapse and metastatic spread have created major hurdles to reaching the desired treatment outcome [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

My more recent research has focused on interactions between cancer cells and bone cells and the processes driving bone metastasis. (big-picture.net)
These studies have illustrated the importance of the host tissue environment in driving cancer metastasis to bone leading to rational treatments to impact these interactions. (big-picture.net)
More recent data show that OPG is also produced in breast tumor cells, and that it can promote tumor growth and metastasis [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It is widely accepted that tumor metastasis is a formidable barrier to effective treatment of lung cancer. (hindawi.com)
Bone metastasis is a major determinant of treatment outcome, quality of life, and survival for lung cancer patients [ 12 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and ranks second among the causes of tumor‑associated death in females. (spandidos-publications.com)

The Japanese Breast Cancer Society (JBCS) Clinical Practice Guidelines for systemic treatment of breast cancer were updated to the 2022 edition through a process started in 2018. (bvsalud.org)

The genetic testing of sigmoid colon cancer tissue samples, their state being more advanced than that of ascending colon cancer, revealed a v-Ki-ras 2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog mutation (G13C) and BRAF wild type. (bvsalud.org)

Dr. Yang has extensive expertise in developing novel biomaterials and stem cell-based therapeutics for musculoskeletal tissue engineering, or engineering 3D in vitro cancer models for drug screening and mechanistic discovery. (stanford.edu)

ETs and their receptors have been implicated in cancer progression through autocrine and paracrine pathways [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Background/Aim: Synchronous colorectal cancer, which occurs in approximately 4.8-8.4% of all colorectal cancers, has a genetic profile with a higher rate of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutation and microsatellite instability-high than solitary colorectal cancer. (bvsalud.org)

The bone is one of the frequent metastatic sites for lung cancer occurring in a large number of patients. (hindawi.com)
Cancer-associated bone disease is a frequent occurrence in cancer patients and is associated with pain, bone fragility, loss, and fractures. (aging-us.com)

Within the same prostate cancer cell line model, a whole new HDAC inhibitor, H6CAHA, sup pressed the expression of BRCA1 mRNA, and when used in Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries mixture with g radiation, prevented the development of tumor xenografts. (pkc-inhibitors.com)
Circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) axis, may influence breast cancer risk via its role as the decoy receptor for both the RANK ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). (biomedcentral.com)
This study observed reduced breast cancer risk among women with comparatively high OPG concentrations, but given a small number of incident cases ( n = 76), risk by tumor subtypes (e.g., by estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status) was not investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
The recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer are intractable due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are adequate to initiate tumor formation and refractory to conventional remedies. (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, as reviewed by Li et al ( 3 ), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) may have worse cause-specific survival and overall survival than the non-TNBC counterpart in all stages and substages, regardless of influencing factors from univariate and multivariate analyses (e.g., tumor grade, age, ethnicity, surgery and radiation treatments). (spandidos-publications.com)
We strongly believe that molecular targets (tumor-related and bone microenvironment based) that have been implicated in lung cancer bone metastases hold great promise in lung cancer therapeutics. (hindawi.com)
Although there are currently some available palliative treatment options for patients with bone metastases from any solid tumor origin such as radiation therapy and bone targeted/bone strengthening treatments (bisphosphonates and denosumab) that are used in clinical practice, none of them is specific for lung cancer metastases and they do not affect the poor survival outcome of this disease. (hindawi.com)

According to the data released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization, breast cancer surpassed lung cancer in 2020 and became the world's most significant cancer type with the most newly-diagnosed cases and deaths among females ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Case Report: A 44-year-old man presented with multiple recurrent lung metastases 42 months after the endoscopic resection of early stage synchronous ascending and sigmoid colon cancers. (bvsalud.org)
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer related mortality in both men and women. (hindawi.com)
Each year, more people die of lung cancer than of colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined. (hindawi.com)
Bone metastases can cause a wide range of symptoms that could impair quality of life of lung cancer patients and shorten their survival. (hindawi.com)
Thus, this paper discusses some of the emerging molecular targets that have provided insights into the cascade of metastases in lung cancer with the focus on bone invasion. (hindawi.com)
It is anticipated that the information gathered might be useful in future efforts of optimizing lung cancer treatment strategies. (hindawi.com)
Lung cancer is a significant public health burden in the USA. (hindawi.com)
It is estimated that, in 2014, there will be approximately 224,000 newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer and 159,000 deaths from lung cancer [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
There are two main subcategories of lung cancer: nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). (hindawi.com)
In fact, over two-thirds of lung cancer patients have regional lymph-node involvement or distant metastases at the time of presentation [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
The bone is one of the most common metastatic sites for lung cancer [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Involvement of bone in lung cancer metastases is a major source of morbidity and mortality arising from skeletal related events (SREs) [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
This underscores the need to assess molecular targets that can be exploited in prevention or clinical management of lung cancer metastases to bone. (hindawi.com)
Thus, in this report, we will assess the data on lung cancer bone metastases with the intention of evaluating key molecular targets that could be applied in optimizing lung cancer treatment strategies. (hindawi.com)

We investigated the homing-related chemokine expression levels of MSCs treated with a prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) -conditioned medium. (cancerindex.org)

Osteocalcin, also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP), is a small (49-amino-acid) noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, first identified as a calcium-binding protein. (wikipedia.org)
In fat cells, osteocalcin triggers the release of the hormone adiponectin, which increases sensitivity to insulin. (wikipedia.org)
This study provides the first prospective data on OPG and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor subtype. (biomedcentral.com)
We provide the first prospective data on OPG and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status, in a large nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND: Hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer is a disease for which no immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise as effective therapies. (bvsalud.org)
Frequently, mesenchymal and hematopoietic progenitors are associated with the action of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a well-known regulator of tumour-associated bone destruction [ 1 ], as well as with the hypercalcemia seen in many types of cancer [ 2 ]. (aging-us.com)

METHODS: This non-randomized, multicohort, phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab 240 mg administered every 2 weeks in combination with the CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib 150 mg twice daily and either fulvestrant (FUL) or letrozole (LET) as a first-line or second-line treatment for HR-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. (bvsalud.org)
These inhibitors may have therapeutic application in the treatment of various types of cancers. (c-metinhibitors.com)
Dovitinib (TKI258) is a small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor currently in clinical phase I/II/III development for the treatment of various types of cancers. (molcells.org)

Recently, investigations into the role of the ET axis in mitogenesis, apoptosis inhibition, invasiveness, angiogenesis and bone remodeling have provided evidence of the importance of the ET-1 axis in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

For instance, the five-year survival rate for patients with (stage IA) after surgical resection is close to 70% but the five-year survival rate for patients with stage IV (metastatic disease) is as low as 2% [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

This study aimed to clarify the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a component of the cancer microenvironment. (cancerindex.org)

An acute stress response (ASR), colloquially known as the fight-or-flight response, stimulates osteocalcin release from bone within minutes in mice, rats, and humans. (wikipedia.org)
Of particular note was my contribution to an article in Nature describing the phenotype of osteocalcin knockout mice. (big-picture.net)

In the brain, osteocalcin plays an important role in development and functioning including spatial learning and memory. (wikipedia.org)

ET-1 participates to a wide range of cancer relevant process, such as cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, matrix remodeling, bone deposition, and metastases. (biomedcentral.com)

Preliminary data from clinical trials investigating atrasentan in patients with prostate cancer are encouraging. (biomedcentral.com)

In the pancreas, osteocalcin acts on beta cells, causing beta cells in the pancreas to release more insulin. (wikipedia.org)
In the testes, osteocalcin acts on Leydig cells, stimulating testosterone biosynthesis and therefore affects male fertility. (wikipedia.org)
Current research interests are in the local regulation of bone remodelling and in interactions between bone cell activity and cancer cells. (big-picture.net)

lytic effects of human breast cancer cell lines in a mouse xenograft model. (big-picture.net)

Data table showing topics related to specific cancers and associated disorders. (cancerindex.org)

The journal changed title to Cancer Research in 1941. (aacrjournals.org)

Referenced article focusing on the relationship between phenotype and genotype. (cancerindex.org)

Injections of high levels of osteocalcin alone can trigger an ASR in the presence of adrenal insufficiency. (wikipedia.org)

In many studies, osteocalcin is used as a preliminary biomarker on the effectiveness of a given drug on bone formation. (wikipedia.org)

For instance, one study which aimed to study the effectiveness of a glycoprotein called lactoferrin on bone formation used osteocalcin as a measure of osteoblast activity. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy12

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