Metaphase chromosomes karyotypes paint your chromosomes. Medical search. Frequent questions

In a Zoo-FISH study chicken autosomal chromosome paints 1 to 9 (GGA1-GGA9) were hybridized to metaphase spreads of nine diverse birds belonging to primitive and modern orders. (kent.ac.uk)
Human chromosome-specific probes for the entire karyotype were hybridized to metaphase spreads of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, to directly compare the evolutionary conservation of chromosomal segments between these two distantly related species. (tamu.edu)
Fluorescence-labeled DNA probes constructed from three whole house mouse (Mus domesticus) chromosomes were hybridized to metaphase spreads from deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus) to identify homologies between the species. (tamu.edu)

Hybridization of various chicken probes to two different chromosomes or to only the short or long chromosome arm of one chromosome pair in the species representing the orders Passeriformes, Strigiformes, and Columbiformes revealed translocations and chromosome fissions during species radiation. (kent.ac.uk)
Thus comparative analysis with chicken chromosome-specific painting probes proves to be a rapid and comprehensive approach to elucidate the chromosomal relationships of the extant birds. (kent.ac.uk)
Comparison of the human with the sheep genomes by use of human chromosome-specific painting probes. (cnr.it)
Mus and Peromyscus chromosome homology established by FISH with three mouse paint probes. (tamu.edu)
The probes have been used for molecular hybridizations (fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH) in clinical cytogenetics, Y chromosome mapping, sequencing, gene discovery, and comparative Y chromosome studies between the horse and other equids/ Perssodactyls. (veteriankey.com)
Therefore, microdissected Y-chromosome probes are good for FISH but not suitable for cloning and sequencing of the male-specific or pseudoautosomal regions of the chromosome. (veteriankey.com)
Apart from conventional karyotyping, we can also provide Karyotyping of human chromosomes, mouse chromosomes by multicolor FISH probes . (creative-bioarray.com)
KEY MESSAGE: Chromosome-specific painting probes were developed to identify the individual chromosomes from 1 to 7E in Thinopyrum species and detect alien genetic material of the E genome in a wheat background. (bvsalud.org)
To investigate the variation and evolution of the E genome, we developed a complete set of E genome-specific painting probes for identification of the individual chromosomes 1E to 7E based on the genome sequences of Th. (bvsalud.org)
The point probes can be used to detect specific genes, or simply as chromosome counting probes. (creative-bioarray.com)
Chromosome Point Probes can be used on metaphase or interphase slides. (creative-bioarray.com)

The overall aim of this project was to develop the technique of chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization using whole chromosome specific libraries (chromosome painting) and to apply it to the investigation of diagnostic problems in clinical cytogenetics. (gla.ac.uk)
The future of molecular cytogenetics is likely to depend on a better knowledge of chromosome structure and function. (biomedcentral.com)
Cyril Darlington pioneered plant cytogenetics in 1920-30 and made important advances in our understanding of mechanisms of chiasma formation and the behavior of sex chromosomes in meiosis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One of the purposes of this review is to encourage research into chromosome structure as this could help advance molecular cytogenetics. (biomedcentral.com)
G-banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a visible karyotype by staining condensed chromosomes. (creative-bioarray.com)

Labelling of the library by nick-translation and random priming did not achieve decoration of the whole chromosome 21 but direct labelling of Biotin-ll-dUTP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was found to be efficient and overcame the problem of non-homogenous painting of the target chromosome. (gla.ac.uk)
The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). (wikipedia.org)

High-resolution chromosome analysis uses special culture methods to obtain a high percentage of prophase and prometaphase spreads. (msdmanuals.com)
This staining is sufficiently distinct that the hybridization signal can be seen both in metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei. (wakehealth.edu)
Counting: 30-40 cells, and microscope analysis of 20 metaphase spreads. (creative-bioarray.com)

Hybridization when carried out at 37C for 15 to 20 hours showed good hybridization with chromosome morphology undisturbed. (gla.ac.uk)
Prebanding of slides prior to hybridization did not affect the target chromosomes, however, incomplete destaining did hinder probe penetration and interfere with counterstaining. (gla.ac.uk)
In general, the technical difficulties were related to either probe preparation, poor hybridization, non-homogeneous painting or high background but with modifications of the parameters as detailed above the method was shown to be reliable and reproducible. (gla.ac.uk)
Spectral karyotyping analysis (also called chromosome painting) uses chromosome-specific multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques that improve the visibility of certain defects, including translocations and inversions. (msdmanuals.com)

We have used comparative genomic hybridisation to analyse 19 constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected by G band analysis, including seven deletions, five supernumerary marker chromosomes, two interstitial duplications, and five chromosomes presenting with abnormal terminal banding patterns. (bmj.com)
Bryndorf et al 2 applied CGH to the study of unbalanced karyotypes in prenatal cases, including seven cases of unbalanced structural abnormalities and four cases of simple aneuploidies. (bmj.com)
Others have applied CGH to the study of constitutional chromosome abnormalities detected postnatally. (bmj.com)
Although the structural chromosome abnormalities in these cases were too small to identify the origin of the extra genomic material based on banding pattern, none of the abnormalities described by these authors can be considered to be subtle or cryptic. (bmj.com)
Changes in the structure or quantity of chromosomes , which are strands of condensed genetic material, are known as chromosomal aberrations or abnormalities. (schleiden-eifel.de)
However, within populations there can be found abnormalities involving the structure or number of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)
This is because balanced chromosomal abnormalities such as reciprocal translocations, inversions or ring chromosomes do not affect copy number, which is what is detected by CGH technologies. (wikipedia.org)
Abnormalities that affect autosomes (the 22 paired chromosomes that are alike in males and females) are more common than those that affect sex chromosomes (X and Y). (msdmanuals.com)
Numerical abnormalities may involve a part of, or the entire, chromosome. (msdmanuals.com)
Compared to autosomes and the X chromosome, relatively few numerical or structural cytogenetic abnormalities have been reported for ECAY. (veteriankey.com)
It is useful for the identification of structural abnormalities through the photographic representation of the entire chromosome complement. (creative-bioarray.com)

G band cytogenetic analysis often leads to the discovery of unbalanced karyotypes that require further characterisation by molecular cytogenetic studies. (bmj.com)
Constitutional chromosome studies involving conventional GTG band cytogenetic analysis, however, often show unbalanced karyotypes which cannot be fully defined because the extra material is too small to have a recognisable banding pattern. (bmj.com)
Kingfishers comprise about 115 species of the family Alcedinidae , and are an interesting group for cytogenetic studies, for they are among birds with most heterogeneous karyotypes. (pensoft.net)
They are an interesting group for cytogenetic studies since they are among birds with most heterogeneous karyotypes. (pensoft.net)
Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes showing 2n=42, 44 and 46 chromosomes. (scielo.br)
Finally, the integration of both molecular cytogenetic and phylogenetic approaches allowed the determination of specific chromosomes possibly involved in rearrangements and a better understanding about the evolutionary processes involved in the differentiation of Synbranchus genus. (scielo.br)
To better understand the karyotype organization in Melipona and the relationship among the subgenera, we mapped repetitive sequences and analyzed previously reported cytogenetic data with the aim to identify cytogenetic markers to be used for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and chromosome evolution in the genus. (karger.com)
This might be because rearrangements in the gene-poor Y chromosome have milder effect on the phenotype, as a result of which the affected individuals escape attention and are not subjected to cytogenetic analysis. (veteriankey.com)
Cytogenetic studies of human ECs have not produced very conclusive data, since many of these studies are based on karyotyping of limited number of cases and no really specific karyotypic changes have yet been identified. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytogenetic studies of ECs have shown that most tumors have hyperdiploid karyotypes with relatively minor chromosomal aberrations [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The reported cytogenetic data are not conclusive, since they are based on the karyotyping of limited number of cases [ 6 ], and no really specific karyotypic changes have yet been detected. (biomedcentral.com)

A comparison of human and chimpanzee genes in the region of this inversion indicates that two genes-ROCK1 and USP14-that are adjacent on chimpanzee chromosome 17 (which corresponds to human chromosome 18) are more distantly positioned on human chromosome 18. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Because even small segments of chromosomes can span many genes, chromosomal disorders are characteristically dramatic and often fatal. (schleiden-eifel.de)
CGH does, however, allow for the exploration of all 46 human chromosomes in single test and the discovery of deletions and duplications, even on the microscopic scale which may lead to the identification of candidate genes to be further explored by other cytological techniques. (wikipedia.org)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that the FOXP1 and TP63 genes were both relocated along chromosome 3. (biomedcentral.com)
A total of 93 BAC clones were used to localize the chromosome complement of the species and 588 genes were annotated, thus almost reaching the 2.5% of the genome sequences. (metasystems-international.com)
In addition, chromosomes with a high number of linked genes that are conserved, even in distant species, were detected. (metasystems-international.com)
In addition, using sequences of three mitochondrial genes, the phylogenetic relationships between every sample with a known karyotype were determined, which revealed significant nucleotide divergence among the karyomorphs. (scielo.br)

examples include aneuploidy (atypical chromosome number), deletion (loss of part of a chromosome), duplications (extra copies of a region of a chromosome), inversion (when part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse. (schleiden-eifel.de)

Metaphase nuclei harvest and chromosome count. (creative-bioarray.com)

Striking homologies in the chromosomes of the different species were noted, indicating a high degree of evolutionary conservation in avian karyotypes. (kent.ac.uk)
In two species, the quail and the goose, all chicken paints specifically labeled their corresponding chromosomes. (kent.ac.uk)
In three pheasant species as well as in the American rhea and blackbird, GGA4 hybridized to chromosome 4 and additionally to a single pair of microchromosomes. (kent.ac.uk)
In some vole species, a bulk of constitutive heterochromatin is coupled to both sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Phylogenomic studies using chromosome painting confirms the high conservation of DNA between even distantly related species [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the aim of this study was to describe the karyotype structure of the Ringed Kingfisher ( Megaceryle torquata Linnaeus, 1766) and Green Kingfisher ( Chloroceryle americana Gmelin, 1788) and also compare them with related species in order to identify chromosomal rearrangements. (pensoft.net)
This kind of result widens the knowledge of this species' chromosome dynamics and evolution. (metasystems-international.com)
Cytogenetically, the species of the genus Melipona show variation in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin along their chromosomes and can be separated into 2 groups: the first with low content of heterochromatin and the second with high content of heterochromatin. (karger.com)
In general, Melipona species have 2n = 18 chromosomes, and the species of each subgenus share the same characteristics in relation to heterochromatin regions, DAPI/CMA 3 fluorophores, and the number and distribution of 18S rDNA sites. (karger.com)
We have broad expertise in banded chromosome analysis for a wide variety of mammalian species (human, mouse, rat, cow, hamsters, dog, etc.), and our experience includes analysis of live animals and established adult and embryonic stem cell lines. (creative-bioarray.com)
Species of Thinopyrum vary from diploid (2n = 2x = 14) to decaploid (2n = 10x = 70), and chromosome structural variation and differentiation have arisen during polyploidization. (bvsalud.org)

Homologies between human and dolphin chromosomes detected by heterologous chromosome painting. (tamu.edu)
Comparative FISH mapping of bovid X chromosomes reveals homologies and divergences between the subfamilies bovinae and caprinae. (cnr.it)

In classical banding (eg, G [Giemsa]-banding, Q [fluorescent]-banding, and C-banding), a dye is used to stain bands on the chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
The Precise Breakpoint Mapping in Paracentric Inversion 10q22.2q23.3 by Comprehensive Cytogenomic Analysis, Multicolor Banding, and Single-Copy Chromosome Sequencing. (metasystems-probes.com)
Multicolor banding, chromosomal microarray analysis, chromosome microdissection with reverse painting, and single-copy sequencing of the rearranged chromosome were performed to determine the length and position of the inverted region as well as to rule out a genetic imbalance at the breakpoints. (metasystems-probes.com)
G- and R-banding comparison of sheep (Ovis aries L.) chromosomes. (cnr.it)
ZOO-FISH and R-banding reveal extensive conservation of human chromosome regions in euchromatic regions of river buffalo chromosomes. (cnr.it)

In the present work we used spectral karyotyping (SKY) to identify cancer-related aberrations in a well-characterized experimental model for spontaneous endometrial carcinoma in the BDII rat tumor model. (biomedcentral.com)

Morgan, Sturtevant, Bridges and Muller constructed the first genetic linkage maps from recombination studies in crosses made in the fruit fly and from cytological preparations of its polytene salivary gland chromosomes [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We measured the meiotic recombination rate in two regions of chromosome 5, containing or not an NLR gene cluster. (metasystems-international.com)

The only true Y chromosome structural rearrangements, reported so far, are large-scale ECAY deletions in 64,XY sex reversal mares (Raudsepp et al. (veteriankey.com)

In an organism, any visible abnormality in chromosome number or structure from the diploid set is known as chromosomal aberration . (schleiden-eifel.de)
If a normal diploid cell is 2n, the chromosome content of a double tetrasomic cell is designated. (schleiden-eifel.de)
Thus, it is possible chromosomal fissions in macrochromosomes resulted in the increase of the diploid number, whereas chromosome fusions have originated the karyotypes with low diploid number. (pensoft.net)
Also, the analyses indicate that chromosomal rearrangements occurred independently within the distinct lineages of S . marmoratus complex, which resulted in the appearance of distinct karyotypic variants in a non-linear fashion related to diploid numbers and in the appearance of similar non-homologous chromosomes. (scielo.br)

As a result, important data about its genome organization and evolution were obtained, such as the lesser gene density of the large metacentric pair compared with the other metacentric chromosomes, which supports the theory of a sex proto-chromosome pair. (metasystems-international.com)

The main part deals with examples of modern FISH-applications, highlighting unique possibilities of the approach, like the possibility to study individual cells and even individual chromosomes. (frontiersin.org)

CGH has been widely applied to detect gains and losses of DNA sequences on specific chromosomes in the study of solid tumours, 1 but has not been extensively used to study unbalanced constitutional karyotypes. (bmj.com)

Aneuploidy: The most common chromosomal abnormality caused by an extra or missing chromosome. (msdmanuals.com)
Syndromes with somatic cell chromosome aneuploidy, e.g. (biomedcentral.com)

A higher intensity of the test sample colour in a specific region of a chromosome indicates the gain of material of that region in the corresponding source sample, while a higher intensity of the reference sample colour indicates the loss of material in the test sample in that specific region. (wikipedia.org)

Possible approaches for cytogenomic assessment of couples with balanced chromosome rearrangements and problems like reproductive failures were considered and suggested as useful part of effective genetic counseling. (metasystems-probes.com)
Single additional alterations to del(5q) by balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found in myelodysplasia. (biomedcentral.com)
Conversely, balanced chromosome rearrangements were rarely found as a single additional alteration to del (5q). (biomedcentral.com)

Here especially highlighted variations of FISH are molecular combing, chromosome orientation-FISH (CO-FISH), telomere-FISH, parental origin determination FISH (POD-FISH), FISH to resolve the nuclear architecture, multicolor-FISH (mFISH) approaches, among other applied in chromoanagenesis studies, Comet-FISH, and CRISPR-mediated FISH-applications. (frontiersin.org)

Almost every chromosome is affected by numeric or structural aberrations. (neurotransmitter.net)

synteny of human chromosomes 14 and 15 in the platyrrhines (primates, platyrrhini). (liverpool.ac.uk)

Avian karyotypes are characterized by internal variation in the size of chromosomes, presenting two distinct groups, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. (pensoft.net)

These are some of the most common cytogenetically visible rearrangements in humans - for example , the pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 is found in over. (schleiden-eifel.de)
These studies implicate a potential mechanism suppressing the loss of genetic material after chromosome pulverization, although how distinct patterns of rearrangements arise in cancer and germline disorders remains unclear. (nature.com)

Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)
Walter Sutton (left) and Theodor Boveri (right) independently developed the chromosome theory of inheritance in 1902. (wikipedia.org)
Aided by the rediscovery at the start of the 1900s of Gregor Mendel 's earlier work, Boveri was able to point out the connection between the rules of inheritance and the behaviour of the chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
In his famous textbook The Cell in Development and Heredity , Wilson linked together the independent work of Boveri and Sutton (both around 1902) by naming the chromosome theory of inheritance the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory (the names are sometimes reversed). (wikipedia.org)

It allowed mapping of the ASGR locus and apospory phenotype to linkage group 3, in a region syntenic with chromosome 3 of Urochloa ruziziensis and chromosome 1 of Setaria italica. (bvsalud.org)

The BM karyotype, in addition to 5q deletion, showed an acquired abnormal chromosome 3 (Figure 1 a). (biomedcentral.com)
The two individuals carrying isochromosome Y had mosaic karyotypes 63,XO/64,Xi(Y), and both animals were phenotypically abnormal. (veteriankey.com)

Creative Bioarray has performed many karyotyping (banded chromosome analysis) services for cell line authentication and some specific research. (creative-bioarray.com)

2009), chromosome flow sorting and microdissection technology, and various genomic DNA amplification systems (Telenius et al. (veteriankey.com)

Down (chromosome 21 trisomy), Klinefelter (XXY and variants), and Patau (chromosome 13 trisomy), are also associated with an increased risk of AML. (biomedcentral.com)

In mammals, constitutive heterochromatin is mostly arranged at pericentromeric regions of the chromosomes, whereas vole rodents (subfamily Arvicolinae ) are a remarkable exception. (biomedcentral.com)

A karyotype analysis involves blocking cells in mitosis during metaphase and staining the condensed chromosomes. (msdmanuals.com)
As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
Here we show that pulverized chromosomes from micronuclei spatially cluster throughout mitosis and identify the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex as an essential regulator of this process. (nature.com)

The increase of the chromosome number in the Green Kingfisher possibly originated by centric fissions in macrochromosomes. (pensoft.net)

[1] [2] These chromosomes display a complex three-dimensional structure, which plays a significant role in transcriptional regulation . (wikipedia.org)

The maintenance of a single centromere per chromosome is critical for establishing bipolar microtubule attachments to the mitotic spindle and achieving high-fidelity genome segregation 17 . (nature.com)
[5] In animal cells, chromosomes reach their highest compaction level in anaphase during chromosome segregation . (wikipedia.org)

The review provides a brief account of the structure of somatic and meiotic chromosomes, stressing the high conservation of structure in plants and animals, with emphasis on aspects that require further research. (biomedcentral.com)

Derivative chromosomes are indicated with arrows. (schleiden-eifel.de)

In particular, G band analysis usually does not show the chromosomal origin of small marker chromosomes or of a small amount of extra material detected on otherwise normal chromosomes. (bmj.com)
The chromosomes are less condensed than in routine metaphase analysis, and the number of identifiable bands is expanded, allowing a more sensitive karyotype analysis. (msdmanuals.com)
Improvements in the resolution of chromosome analysis has followed closely the introduction of innovative technology. (biomedcentral.com)
Degrandi TM, de Oliveira JCP, de Araújo Soares A, Ledesma MA, Hass I, Garnero ADV, Gunski RJ (2018) Karyotype description and comparative analysis in Ringed Kingfisher and Green Kingfisher (Coraciiformes, Alcedinidae). (pensoft.net)

The most recurrent numerical alterations were gains in rat chromosome 4 (RNO4) and losses in RNO15. (biomedcentral.com)

These studies reaffirmed that chromosome structure and behavior in somatic and germ cell divisions were common to all plants and animals. (biomedcentral.com)

They achieved this by the direct application of the technique to both breast cancer cell lines and primary bladder tumors in order to establish complete copy number karyotypes for the cells. (wikipedia.org)

what do you call an organism with four sets of chromosomes . (schleiden-eifel.de)
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. (wikipedia.org)

At temperature of 80C the chromosome morphology was found to be distorted. (gla.ac.uk)
In addition, karyotype comparisons in Alcedinidae show a heterogeneity in the size and morphology of macrochromosomes, and chromosome numbers ranging from 2n = 76 to 132. (pensoft.net)

All human chromosomal paints, except the Y probe, hybridized to Tursiops counterparts, and every dolphin chromosome was painted except for the smallest submetacentric pair. (tamu.edu)
Difficulties were encountered in preparing the working library probe from the chromosome 21 specific library and a major part of the work involved solving these problems. (gla.ac.uk)
Once homogeneous painting had been achieved the probe was applied for chromosome painting. (gla.ac.uk)

Metaphase prep and harvest, along with cell culture development is available. (kromatid.com)

An important breakthrough in horse Y chromosome research came with the availability of new genomics tools and resources, such as large-insert genomic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries (for review, see Rubes et al. (veteriankey.com)

Three Peromyscus linkage groups were assigned to chromosomes, based on linkage homology with Mus. (tamu.edu)

Using pulse-chase replication labeling and time-lapse microscopy, we found that the heterochromatic block enriched for macroH2A/H3K27me3 of the X chromosome is replicated during mid-S-phase, prior to the heterochromatic block enriched for H3K9me3/HP1 beta, which is replicated during late S-phase. (biomedcentral.com)
To test whether histone acetylation level regulates its replication dynamics, we induced either global hyperacetylation by pharmacological inhibition or by targeting a histone acetyltransferase to the heterochromatic region of the X chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Our data reveal that histone acetylation level affects DNA replication dynamics of the sex chromosomes' heterochromatin and leads to a global reduction in replication fork rate genome wide. (biomedcentral.com)
In conclusion, we mapped major epigenetic modifications controlling the structure of the sex chromosome-associated heterochromatin and demonstrated the occurrence of differences in the molecular mechanisms controlling the replication timing of the heterochromatic blocks at the sex chromosomes in female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We now recognize that, following DNA replication, the metaphase chromosome consists of two chromatids held together by a centromere and by cohesin. (biomedcentral.com)

The authors painted a series of individual human chromosomes from a DNA library with two different fluorophores in different proportions to test the technique, and also applied CGH to genomic DNA from patients affected with either Downs syndrome or T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia as well as cells of a renal papillary carcinoma cell line. (wikipedia.org)
Since the genetic code was deciphered much has been learnt about the chromosome structure shared by all organisms from yeast to human. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, there are two reports about infertile stallions having XXY sex chromosomes - an equine counterpart to human Kleinfelter syndrome (Kubien et al. (veteriankey.com)

[4] Before this happens, each chromosome is duplicated ( S phase ), and both copies are joined by a centromere , resulting either in an X-shaped structure (pictured above), if the centromere is located equatorially, or a two-arm structure, if the centromere is located distally. (wikipedia.org)

This polymorphism is primarily attributed to the various amount of Y heterochromatin, though earlier studies also suggest variation in the euchromatic portion of the chromosome (Power, 1988). (veteriankey.com)

Here, we show prominent epigenetic marks of the heterochromatic blocks in the giant sex chromosomes of female Microtus cabrerae cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Karyotype: The full set of chromosomes in a person's cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Chromosomes from single cells are photographed, and their images are arranged, forming a karyotype. (msdmanuals.com)
The mechanisms of transmission of both discontinuous and continuous characteristics across the generations were unknown before Mendel's laws were explained at the turn of the 20th Century by the behavior of chromosomes in germ cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we report on a 79-year woman with an aggressive form of myelodysplastic syndrome with del(5q), no TP53 mutation, and a novel complex rearrangement of chromosome 3 in bone marrow cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Some use the term chromosome in a wider sense, to refer to the individualized portions of chromatin in cells, either visible or not under light microscopy. (wikipedia.org)
Since the long arm of ECAY carries the MSY and the PAR, the cells with i(Y) are genetically similar to those with Y chromosome disomy (YY). (veteriankey.com)
And please note that for cancer cells and in any cases where very complex, unstable karyotypes are observed. (creative-bioarray.com)

The authors recently mapped a susceptibility locus for autism to chromosome region 2q24-q33 (MIM number 606053). (neurotransmitter.net)

Using a fluorescence microscope and computer software, the differentially coloured fluorescent signals are then compared along the length of each chromosome for identification of chromosomal differences between the two sources. (wikipedia.org)

Studies of karyotype structure in birds have given valuable information about evolutionary relationships. (pensoft.net)

During metaphase the X-shaped structure is called a metaphase chromosome, which is highly condensed and thus easiest to distinguish and study. (wikipedia.org)
These heterochromatin patterns and the number of chromosomes are characteristics exclusive to Melipona karyotypes that distinguish them from the other genera of the Meliponini. (karger.com)

Mitotic clustering facilitates the reassembly of acentric fragments into rearranged chromosomes lacking the extensive DNA copy-number losses that are characteristic of canonical chromothripsis. (nature.com)

The genome of some vole rodents exhibit large blocks of heterochromatin coupled to their sex chromosomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy70

Organisms6

Diseases33

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes154

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

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Hybridized to metaphase spreads3

Probes11

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Duplications1

Nuclei1

Species11

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Recombination2

Deletions1

Diploid4

Evolution1

Individual chromosomes1

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Aneuploidy2

Region of a chromosome1

Balanced chromosome rearrangements3

Multicolor1

Aberrations1

Synteny1

Avian1

Rearrangements2

Inheritance5

Phenotype1

Abnormal2

Creative Bioarray1

Microdissection1

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Transcriptional1

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Harvest1

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