Metals oxidative. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mechanism of chromate reduction by the Escherichia coli protein, NfsA, and the role of different chromate reductases in minimizing oxidative stress during chromate reduction. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The reaction involves two oxidative C-N couplings and one oxidative dehydrogenation process with six hydrogen atoms removed. (organic-chemistry.org)
In this study nitrogen doped carbon nanofibers was investigated, by using them in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane. (ntnu.no)
As an example, the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes is an important chemical process that requires thermally stable metal catalysts with high resistance to metal sintering. (edu.sa)
In an attempt to overcome this issue, here we use all-silica zeolite as a support to make nanometric and single-site metal catalysts with enhanced stability for the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane. (edu.sa)

Catalytic reactions are often carried out on various supported metals, these usually being noble metals or metal oxides. (ntnu.no)
Volumes of activation, A V, for the heterolysis reactions of copper complexes with metal-carbon a bonds, rfc. (bgu.ac.il)
The results reveal the different roles of the solvent (water) in the transition states for oxidative and reductive heterolysis reactions. (bgu.ac.il)
Among the vast number of possibilities offered by the CDC coupling, the metal-free oxidative α-cyanation and alkynylation reactions have emerged as powerful strategies in the synthesis of diverse and potentially bioactive THIQs. (eurekaselect.com)
Even though transition-metal catalyzed CDC reactions have undoubtedly made significant progress in THIQ chemistry, general and selective protocols for the metal-free oxidative α-cyanation and alkynylation reactions of THIQs are urgently needed. (eurekaselect.com)
Thereby, this critical discussion is aimed to highlight the recent progress in this field of CDC reactions where Csp3-H bonds are activated without metal catalysts to introduce the CN and the alkynyl groups into the THIQ core. (eurekaselect.com)
Some of the less reactive of these species (such as superoxide) can be converted by oxidoreduction reactions with transition metals or other redox cycling compounds (including quinones) into more aggressive radical species that can cause extensive cellular damage. (wikipedia.org)
Tandem DNA lesions are formed at substantial frequency by ionizing radiation and metal-catalyzed H2O2 reactions. (wikipedia.org)
Reductive and oxidative electron transfer reactions were observed for the 2LMCT state of [Fe(phtmeimb)2]+ in bimolecular quenching studies with methylviologen and diphenylamine. (lu.se)

The bimetallic nanoparticles are anticipated to proceed via normal oxidative addition and reductive eliminations. (rsc.org)

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. (wikipedia.org)
Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of aggressive oxygen compounds that lead to the damage of tissues and organs, and the body's ability to counteract or detoxify these harmful substances. (edu.pl)

Oxidative stress and trace metals are likely to affect great tits in many ways. (edu.pl)

Iron is concentrated intracellularly in mitochondria and disrupts oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in free radical formation and lipid peroxidation. (medscape.com)
According to the Free Radical Theory of ageing (the most widely accepted theory of ageing) proposed by Herman in 1956, age-related impairment is caused by oxygen-derived free radicals through oxidative damage to biomolecules, with mitochondria being the main target of free radical attack. (scirp.org)

Chemically, oxidative stress is associated with increased production of oxidizing species or a significant decrease in the effectiveness of antioxidant defenses, such as glutathione. (wikipedia.org)
Hydrogen peroxide protects tobacco from oxidative stress by inducing a set of antioxidant enzymes. (degruyter.com)
Melatonin inhibits cholesterol secretion from the gallbladder, helps convert cholesterol to bile, and as an antioxidant can reduce oxidative stress on the gallbladder. (diagnose-me.com)
Cd exposure is strongly associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, antioxidant depletion, and liver cells apoptosis. (springer.com)

Evaluation of simultaneous industrial and environmental exposure to metals. (cdc.gov)
Healthy Past 100 shows you how to rid these harmful metals from your body and minimize your exposure to them in the future. (booklocker.com)
Oxidative damage in microbial cells occurs during exposure to the toxic metal chromium, but it is not certain whether such oxidation accounts for the toxicity of Cr. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Significant exposure to Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), a potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin, plays a major role in liver carcinogenesis through oxidative tissue damage and p53 mutation. (hindawi.com)
Exposure to low doses of toxic metals (and other chemicals) is almost ubiquitous amongst the population. (medrxiv.org)
Research suggests it is possible that exposure to metal fumes might increase susceptibility to lung infection, even with common, relatively harmless infectious agents [7]. (cdc.gov)
It is difficult to assess mice, which cannot repair certain In rodents, multiple studies showed the relevance to humans of rodent types of oxidative DNA damage, but that in utero exposure to arsenic via studies that use multiple agents, one not in Ogg+/+ mic e (IARC, 2012 ). (who.int)
exposure to HMs has been studied mainly by monitoring the concentrations in body fluids such as blood or urine, Heavy metals (HMs) are metals with specific densities or by studying their concentrations in ambient air. (who.int)
exposure to several HMs and their adverse effects on Among these, the metals most commonly associated the respiratory system. (who.int)
Occupational noise exposure and hearing loss prevention: a technical report and guidebook for sheet metal manufacturing companies. (cdc.gov)

Further, some reactive oxidative species act as cellular messengers in redox signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, oxidative stress can cause disruptions in normal mechanisms of cellular signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular mechanics measurements revealed the diverse responses among AM cells, due to variations in AgNP uptake and oxidative dissolving into Ag+. (cdc.gov)
Activation of this receptor leads to increased oxidative stress that may result in cellular damage. (diagnose-me.com)
This study establishes an oxidative mode of Cr toxicity in S. cerevisiae , which primarily involves oxidative damage to cellular proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Even though metal based catalysts plays a major role in today s industrial processes, they still have several disadvantages, including high cost, proneness to gas poisoning, as well as disadvantageous effect on the environment. (ntnu.no)
The goal is to use the carbon nanomaterials to produce better catalysts - without the use of noble metals. (ntnu.no)
Different alumina-supported metal sulfides catalysts were studied for the H2S oxidative decomposition reaction to simultaneously obtain sulfur and hydrogen in the presence of CH4. (unisa.it)
Preliminary screening of different metal catalysts suggests that Co has the highest intrinsic activity while Cr and V are highly stable against sintering and display a moderate activity. (edu.sa)
However, homogeneous catalysts, i.e., transition metal complexes or organic molecules, often consist of valuable noble metals and/or ligands and face the problem of separation. (nature.com)

It is also associated with "invisible" pollution caused by the increase of chemical pollutants such as trace metals. (edu.pl)
I will then test whether trace metals such as cadmium, lead, zinc and copper are associated with urbanisation-linked oxidative stress (objective 2). (edu.pl)
Trace metals are emitted by human activities such as the combustion of fossil energies by traffic and heating systems or metallurgic industries and are absorbed and accumulated in animals. (edu.pl)
Therefore, I will estimate the extent to which trace metals are linked to urbanisation-induced oxidative stress in great tit populations (objective 2). (edu.pl)
Modulation of tissue trace metal concentrations in weanling rats fed different levels of zinc and exposed to oral lead and cadmium. (cdc.gov)
This involves the use of XAS (X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy) for determining the speciation of trace metals in complex matrixes. (lu.se)

NAC can protect liver tissue against Cd by elevating antioxidants capacity, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as down-regulating of apoptotic genes. (springer.com)

Recent Findings: Flavonoids have been found to decrease neuroinflammation, reduce oxidative stress, and mediate neuroplasticity in animal models of neurodegeneration and aging. (usda.gov)

The question as to what causes the destruction of the dopamine-producing cells has puzzled researchers for years but a consensus is now emerging that Parkinson's disease is caused by oxidative stress and metal toxicity. (diagnose-me.com)
Metal toxicity in yeasts and the role of oxidative stress. (microbiologyresearch.org)
This study aimed to consider the oxidative damage induced by cadmium (Cd) and apoptosis and the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preserving hepatic cells against Cd toxicity. (springer.com)
1983. Correlation of metal toxicity with in vitro calmodulin inhibition. (cdc.gov)

Short-term oxidative stress may also be important in prevention of aging by induction of a process named mitohormesis, and is required to initiate stress response processes in plants. (wikipedia.org)
Pyrometallurgical processes require heating the waste EEE at high temperatures to recover valuable metals. (nature.com)
These processes are energy intensive and high-cost and require high-grade (rich in copper and precious metals) feeds. (nature.com)
Compared with pyrometallurgical processes, hydrometallurgical processes offer a relatively low capital cost, reduced environmental impact and high metal recoveries. (nature.com)
Hydrometallurgical processes involve the dissolution of metals in alkaline or acid medium. (nature.com)

Title : Ambient Size Distributions and Lung Deposition of Aerosol Dithiothreitol-Measured Oxidative Potential: Contrast between Soluble and Insoluble Particles Personal Author(s) : Fang, Ting;Zeng, Linghan;Gao, Dong;Verma, Vishal;Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.;Weber, Rodney J. (cdc.gov)
Alveolar macrophages attempting to engulf inhaled fibers release cytokines and growth factors that stimulate inflammation, oxidative injury, collagen deposition, and ultimately fibrosis. (msdmanuals.com)

Vestena S, Cambraia J, Ribeiro C, Oliveira JA, Oliva MA (2011) Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and antioxidative enzyme response in water hyacinth and salvinia. (springer.com)
For example lead absorption is competitively inhibited by calcium [ 7 ] , and, while several toxic metals are in large part excreted via the kidneys (inorganic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic), some undergo significant hepatic excretion (manganese, organic mercury, copper), with other routes possible too (for example elemental mercury can be exhaled). (medrxiv.org)
However, besides Fe and Zn, rice also can accumulate heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), which are harmful to people, especially for kids' health. (intechopen.com)

Parkin, 2007 ) to define 2-center metal-ligand interactions of organometallic compounds as ML l X x Z z , where the ligand atoms are classified as L, X, and Z ligands ( Figure 1A ). (frontiersin.org)
Photochemistry, photophysics, reaction kinetics and thermodynamics of transition metal compounds. (ku.dk)
Arsenic and arsenic compounds as a contaminant of drinking-water adult offspring in C3H/HeNCr mice together with various metals, spe- (IARC, 2004 ). (who.int)

We investigate the impact of limited Mo sedimentary sequestration in sulfidic depositional environments (i.e., the "basin reservoir effect", equilibrium with FeMoS 4 ), Fe/Mn-(oxy)(hydr)oxide "shuttling", oxidative dissolution, the sulfate methane transition zone in the sediment, sedimentation rate, and the local Al background on Mo- and U-EFs. (lu.se)

In this study electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with spin trapping has been used to identify radicals formed on collagen and related materials by metal ion-H2O2 mixtures. (ku.dk)

X-type ligands donate one electron, requiring oxidation of the metal center to form classical covalent M-X bonds (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
Since transition metals (TMs) are typically defined as electron-deficient species, the majority of ligands that have been developed are electron-rich Lewis-basic moieties (L- and X-types) that aim to complete the valence shell of the transition metal (also known as the 18 electron rule). (frontiersin.org)
The Z-type ligand can stabilize a vacant orbital of the transition metal center while drawing electron density from the filled d-orbitals because of its σ-accepting properties. (frontiersin.org)
However, the photoexcitable charge-transfer (CT) states of most Fe complexes are limited by picosecond or sub-picosecond deactivation through low-lying metal centered (MC) states, resulting in inefficient electron transfer reactivity and complete lack of photoluminescence. (lu.se)

In rat urine, about 74,000 oxidative DNA adducts per cell are excreted daily. (wikipedia.org)
Methods: The parent study was a biomonitoring investigation evaluating heavy metal urine levels in 226 children aged 12-14 years, living in the high risk area, and in 29 age-matched controls living 45km far from the industrial site. (unime.it)

The metal ion employed has a dramatic effect on the species observed. (ku.dk)
Production of reactive oxygen species is a particularly destructive aspect of oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)
Caribbean reef sharks exhibited some of the highest metal concentrations compared to five other species, and peaks in the concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Ag were observed as individuals reached sexual maturity. (researchgate.net)

The sugars lactose and galactose that are found in milk can increase oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in the body - both of which are major causes of serious and chronic diseases. (diagnose-me.com)

There are about 24,000 oxidative DNA adducts per cell in young rats and 66,000 adducts per cell in old rats. (wikipedia.org)

A K 2 S 2 O 8 -mediated transition metal-free oxidative cross-coupling reaction of activated olefins with N -alkyl amides provides N -allylic amides in good yield. (organic-chemistry.org)
Transition metal-stabilized carbocations are characterized by synthetically valuable interactions, yet, to date there are no comprehensive reports of the many bonding modes that can exist between a metal and carbocation. (frontiersin.org)
In order to strategically exploit them, we propose this summary of the different bonding modes for transition metal-carbocation complexes. (frontiersin.org)

Both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) appear to be particularly more potent in inducing oxidative stress, suggesting unique mechanisms that are activated by these viral infections. (hindawi.com)
For metal- powerful methods to obtain and compare reaction and activation loproteins, a third method to obtain local information about the energies for suggested enzyme mechanisms and they can also provide atomic details about the protein dynamics. (lu.se)
Mechanisms of oxidative stress in the potentiation of noise -induced hearing loss by acrylonitrile. (cdc.gov)

Metal biomonitoring using fractioned dust to investigate urinary and oxidative stress biomarkers among occupationally exposed chromite mine workers. (nih.gov)

After the synthesis, the nitrogen doped carbon fibers was treated with nitric acid to remove the metal from the growth catalyst, before the sample was annealed. (ntnu.no)
The test is used to determine the oxidative resistances of carbon fibers as a means of selecting the most stable fibers for incorporation in high-temperature fiber-reinforced composite systems. (astm.org)
1.1 This test method covers the apparatus and procedure for the determination of the weight loss of carbon fibers, exposed to ambient hot air, as a means of characterizing their oxidative resistance. (astm.org)

Oxidative stress from oxidative metabolism causes base damage, as well as strand breaks in DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Influence of heavy metal mixtures on erythrocyte metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Higher heavy metal accumulation in in vitro as compared to in vivo plantlets correlates higher secondary metabolite production supporting that they play regulatory role in influencing the plant secondary metabolism. (degruyter.com)
Various metal nutrients supplied by food contributed to maintain metabolism normally. (intechopen.com)

humans are routinely exposed to dangerous heavy metal toxins. (booklocker.com)

certain glycolytic enzymes and heat-shock proteins were specifically targeted by Cr-dependent oxidative damage. (microbiologyresearch.org)

DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation is similar to oxidative stress, and these lesions have been implicated in aging and cancer. (wikipedia.org)
However, under the severe levels of oxidative stress that cause necrosis, the damage causes ATP depletion, preventing controlled apoptotic death and causing the cell to simply fall apart. (wikipedia.org)
Increased free radical activity ( oxidative stress ) appears to fuel Alzheimer's pathology - acting simultaneously as a mediator, product, and trigger for this "clogging" process and its related neural damage. (diagnose-me.com)
To help identify the macromolecular target(s) of Cr-dependent oxidative damage, cells deficient for the reduction of phospholipid hydroperoxides ( gpx3 Δ and gpx1 Δ/ gpx2 Δ/ gpx3 Δ) and for the repair of DNA oxidation ( ogg1 Δ and rad30 Δ/ ogg1 Δ) were tested, but were found not to be Cr-sensitive. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Oxidative damage/stress results when the level of ROS overpowers the system's ability to neutralize and eliminate them. (hindawi.com)

Both types of fish showed differences in the metals content inside their gills and liver. (atlasofscience.org)
However, oxidative stress has emerged as a key player in the development and the progression of liver cirrhosis [ 4 ] which is known to be a precursor of HCC. (hindawi.com)

Z-type ligands are Lewis acids that accept a pair of electrons from the metal to form a dative M ← Z bond (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
When ambiphilic ligands are used, the metal center coordinates to the L-type moiety of the ligand and the degree of coordination to the Lewis acid moiety is increased ( Figure 1B ). (frontiersin.org)
Surprisingly, none of these reports have mentioned carbocations as Lewis acid Z-type ligands, and they neglect to examine the interactions between transition metals and persistent carbocations. (frontiersin.org)
Such calculations can also be used to interpret the structures, e.g. to decide the protonation state of metal-bound ligands. (lu.se)

Oxidative stress and DNA repair and detoxification gene expression in adolescents exposed to heavy metals living in the Milazzo-Valle del Mela area (Sicily, Italy). (unime.it)
Objective: To measure oxidative-stress, DNA repair and detoxification genes in school children living near the industrial area and in age-matched controls. (unime.it)
Phytochelatins and their roles in heavy metal detoxification. (degruyter.com)

First, I will investigate the link between oxidative stress, a physiological index of organismal health, and urbanisation level (objective 1). (edu.pl)

Dushenkov V., Kumar P.B.A.N., Motto H. & Raskin I. 1995.Rhizofiltration: the use of plants to remove heavy metals form aqueous streams. (degruyter.com)
This study aims to remove heavy metals from treated wastewater by using natural growing plants on River Nile banks in Egypt. (iwaponline.com)
It was concluded that both plants have high capabilities to remove heavy metals directly from treated wastewater. (iwaponline.com)
Both E. pyramidalis and L. stolonifera have high capabilities to remove heavy metals directly from treated wastewater. (iwaponline.com)
The availability of aquatic plants and free cost make their use in the wastewater treatment process to remove heavy metals an economically attractive alternative. (iwaponline.com)

Hydrogen sulfide reacts with strong oxidizers, strong nitric acid, and metals. (cdc.gov)

A metal-free sequential dual oxidative amination of C(sp 3 )-H bonds under ambient conditions affords imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines in very good yields. (organic-chemistry.org)
Amide bonds were synthesized by an oxidative amidation in the presence of dibromoisocyanuric acid (DBI). (ewha.ac.kr)

Oxidative Behaviour of Metal-Doped Carbon Films. (mpg.de)
Impact of metal-doping and annealing on the structure and constitution of amorphous carbon films. (mpg.de)
Erosion behavior of self-passivating metal-doped carbon materials under deuterium impact. (mpg.de)
Structural investigation of amorphous metal-doped carbon films. (mpg.de)
Erosion of metal-doped carbon materials by hydrogen. (mpg.de)
He welded on new A36 mild carbon steel using a shielded metal arc welding (or stick) process. (cdc.gov)
He welded on low-carbon mild steel using Metal Inert Gas (MIG) with solid or flux core wire and 75% argon/25% carbon dioxide shield gas. (cdc.gov)

The main obstacle being to maintain the high dispersion of the active metal centres under reaction and regeneration conditions. (edu.sa)

A new ingredient in some skin care products, beta-glucan, increases the skin's resistance to oxidative stress induced by UVA rays. (diagnose-me.com)
Studies with cells expressing a Sod1p variant (Sod1 H46C ) showed that the superoxide dismutase activity rather than the metal-binding function of Sod1p was required for Cr resistance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Factors that influence the oxidative resistance and should be reported are fiber identification, precursor type, fiber modulus, and any information on impurities, particularly metals. (astm.org)
Also note that the presence of finish on the fiber can affect the oxidative resistance, and thus, alternative specimen preparations that enable the evaluation of finish effects are included. (astm.org)

Injecting flavonoids encased in metal nanoparticles may further enhance the efficacy of flavonoids. (usda.gov)

Several studies have shown an increased risk of pneumonia and death among welders and other workers exposed to metal fumes and mineral dusts [1-6]. (cdc.gov)

They have shown that metal sites in crystal structures are frequently photoreduced or disordered, which makes the interpretation of the structures hard. (lu.se)

However, more severe oxidative stress can cause cell death, and even moderate oxidation can trigger apoptosis, while more intense stresses may cause necrosis. (wikipedia.org)

Unfortunately, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), as the most important metal elements, are present in low quantities of staple food, such as rice and wheat [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)

Making the life of heavy metal stressed plants a little easier. (degruyter.com)
Singh J, Kalamdhad AS (2011) Effects of heavy metals on soil, plants, human health and aquatic life. (springer.com)
A positive relationship was observed between detention time and heavy metals removal. (iwaponline.com)
The removal efficiency of heavy metals increased with the increase of plant density for both plant types. (iwaponline.com)
Removal of heavy metals from treated wastewater using aquatic plants named Echinochloa pyramidalis and Ludwigia stolonifera . (iwaponline.com)
The potential association between heavy metal levels and childhood asthma was also investigated. (who.int)
The con- centration of 10 heavy metals was measured in these dust samples by optical emission spectrometry. (who.int)
The concentration of heavy metals in classroom dust samples ranged from 7559 to 53 723.0 mg/kg (mean: 16 945.5 mg/kg) for Fe, 169.0 to 952.0 mg/kg (mean 288.9 mg/kg) for Mn, and 9.0 to 971.0 mg/kg (mean 258.8 mg/kg) for Pb. (who.int)
We found no correlation between heavy metals in classroom dust and childhood asthma. (who.int)
Nevertheless, special attention should be paid to reducing high levels of heavy metals in classroom dust in this area. (who.int)

Our results provide the first account of metal concentrations in Bahamian sharks, suggesting individuals exhibit high concentrations which may potentially cause sublethal effects. (researchgate.net)

Fish collected inside and outside the Bay to assess the current status of metals levels in the sediment and the collected fish tissues. (atlasofscience.org)

In case of Co, we established the optimum parameters to achieve the highest activity by evaluating the effects of support, metal loading, promoter, and synthesis process. (edu.sa)

Enhanced oxidative stability to provide robust performance from fill to drain. (halfords.com)

Theories include that metal fumes (or iron) act as a growth nutrient for bacteria, enhance the binding of bacteria to lung tissues, or impair immune responses in the lung through oxidative stress [1,5,6,9]. (cdc.gov)

The Kumada coupling employs both a nucleophilic alkylation step subsequent to the oxidative addition of the aryl halide (L = Ligand , Ar = Aryl ). (wikipedia.org)
However, transition metals also exhibit Lewis-basic character from metal-to-ligand back-donation from partial filling of their upper valence d shell. (frontiersin.org)
The resulting complex [Fe(phtmeimb)2]+, where phtmeimb is [phenyl(tris(3-methylimidazol-1-ylidene))borate]-, exhibits strong, visible, room temperature photoluminescence with a 2.0 ns lifetime and 2% quantum yield via spin-allowed transition from a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (2LMCT) state to the ground state (2GS). (lu.se)
Similar methods can be used for EXAFS refinements to obtain a full atomic structure, rather than a set of metal-ligand distances. (lu.se)

The first example of Lewis acid-metal coordination was reported in 1970 ( Shriver, 1970 ), yet the incidence of M ← Z complexes remained scarce for several decades. (frontiersin.org)

Here, the efficiency of the Cu( II ) catalyst is increased by doping molybdenum metal. (rsc.org)
Excellent metal and clutch friction performance that can help to improve efficiency and durability. (halfords.com)

They are likely to cause variation in oxidative stress levels because of their chemical properties, yet knowledge of their influence on oxidative stress is very limited. (edu.pl)

Antonchick, A.P. Metal-free oxidative C-C bond formation through C-H bond functionalization. (eurekaselect.com)
EC 360° » Enhancing the durability of acrylic and alkyd water-borne decorative coatings: a novel metal-free alternative for oxidative drying? (european-coatings.com)
One of the most attractive characteristics of this novel technology of complementary drying is that it could be a metal -free alternative for oxidative drying of alkyd decorative dispersions. (european-coatings.com)
Here, we used the CorEx algorithm to perform a hypothesis free analysis of demographic, biochemical, and toxic metal biomarker data. (medrxiv.org)

Organisms2

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs67

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes14

Technology, Industry, Agriculture11

Information Science3

Health Care5

Minimizing oxidative stress1

Dehydrogenation4

Reactions9

Reductive1

Imbalance2

Stress and trace metals1

Mitochondria2

Antioxidant4

Exposure10

Cellular5

Catalysts5

Trace6

Antioxidants1

Neurodegeneration1

Toxicity4

Processes5

Deposition2

Cadmium3

Compounds3

Dissolution1

Collagen1

Electron4

Urine2

Species3

Inflammation1

Adducts1

Transition-metal3

Mechanisms3

Biomarkers1

Fibers3

Metabolism4

Humans1

Proteins1

Damage5

Liver2

Ligands4

Detoxification3

Physiological1

Remove heavy metals5

Nitric acid1

Bonds2

Carbon7

Reaction1

Resistance4

Nanoparticles1

Dusts1

Structures1

Oxidation1

Zinc1

Heavy10

Concentrations1

Sediment1

Synthesis1

Stability1

Lung1

Ligand4

Complexes1

Efficiency2

Influence1

Free4