• Exploring the role of mitochondrial DNA in cancer pathogenesis and in immune response. (postdoc.com)
  • In contrast to normal cells, most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactate fermentation, even in the presence of oxygen, a less efficient metabolism compared to a low rate of glycolysis followed by mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, HIF-1 actively limits the mitochondrial consumption of pyruvate at two levels: (i) through the enzyme PDK (PDH-kinase), which in turn inhibits PDH activity preventing the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA, and thereby limiting mitochondrial metabolism of pyruvate [ 6 ] and (ii) through the direct activation of LDH [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A recurring characteristic of cancer cell metabolism is that cancer cells generally prefer to produce ATP via the glycolytic system despite that system being less efficient than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (Warburg effect). (dojindo.com)
  • By targeting electron transport chain complex 1 and independently of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or NF-κB, metformin blocked LPS-induced and ATP-dependent mitochondrial (mt) DNA synthesis and generation of oxidized mtDNA, an NLRP3 ligand. (lu.se)
  • Currently he works on the epigenetic heterogeneity of human male spermatogonial stem cells and the impact of aging and infertility on DNA methylation in sperm. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Data from experimental and clinical studies on dynamic alterations of DNA methylation will be presented. (cam.ac.uk)
  • An Important Role for DNMT3A-Mediated DNA Methylation in Cardiomyocyte Metabolism and Contractility. (bvsalud.org)
  • DNA methylation acts as a mechanism of gene transcription regulation . (bvsalud.org)
  • Functional consequences of DNA methylation - deficiency under control and stress conditions were then assessed in human engineered heart tissue from knockout human induced pluripotent stem cell -derived cardiomyocytes . (bvsalud.org)
  • The results suggest an important role of DNA methylation in the normal homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and during cardiac stress, which could make it an interesting target for cardiac therapy . (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we integrated isoform sequencing (iso-seq), Illumina short-reads sequencing and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to explore the early changes of transcriptomic and DNA methylation in pineapple following high-concentration ethylene (HE) and low-concentration ethylene (LE) treatment. (nature.com)
  • Alterations in DNA methylation, lncRNAs and multiple genes may be involved in the regulation of FTLs . (nature.com)
  • Contrasting results were reported on the relationship between folate intake and DNA-methylation. (unito.it)
  • Folate and B-vitamins may modulate DNA-methylation of specific enzymes which are included in the One-Carbon Metabolism (OCM) and in the homocysteine (Hcy) pathways. (unito.it)
  • The aim of the study was to evaluate whether DNA-methylation profiles of OCM and Hcy genes could modulate the myocardial infarction (MI) risk conferred by a low B-vitamins intake. (unito.it)
  • Moreover, a general inverse relationship between B-vitamins intake and DNA-methylation of the candidate genes was observed. (unito.it)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that DNA-methylation patterns in specific regions of OCM and Hcy pathways genes may modulate the CVD risk conferred by folate and B-vitamins low intake. (unito.it)
  • Lymphocyte DNA stability biomarkers (strand breaks, misincorporated uracil, and global DNA methylation) were similar for all MTHFR C677T or A1298C variants. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This process has been attributed partly to DNA methylation modifications in growth and stress-related pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nutrients involved with one-carbon metabolism (OCM), such as folate, choline, betaine, and vitamin B 12 , provide methyl groups for DNA methylation of these pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether maternal OCM nutrient intakes and levels modified fetal DNA methylation and in turn altered fetal growth patterns in pregnancies with and without GDM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also collected placenta and cord blood samples at delivery to examine fetal tissue DNA methylation of the genes that modify fetal growth and stress response such as insulin-like growth factor 2 ( IGF2 ) and corticotropin-releasing hormone ( CRH ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • We analyzed the association between maternal OCM nutrients and fetal DNA methylation using a generalized linear mixed model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Higher maternal betaine intake and serum folate levels were associated with lower cord blood and placental IGF2 DNA methylation ( r = − 0.13, p = 0.049 and r = − 0.065, p = 0.034, respectively) in both GDM and non-GDM pregnancies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, we observed a complex interrelationship between maternal OCM nutrients and fetal DNA methylation levels regardless of GDM status, which may, epigenetically, program molecular pathways related to fetal growth and stress response. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The epigenome, such as methylation of DNA, controls gene expression without altering the DNA sequence [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aging and Epigenetics - Methylation of DNA plays a crucial role in epigenetics, switching different sequences of genetic material on and off as needed. (prohealth.com)
  • The body's methylation ability and subsequent DNA expression is known to decline with age. (prohealth.com)
  • Thus, it is hard to explain metabolism differences and their effects by focusing on single genes or pathways. (biocertica.com)
  • Not only do our genes determine the metabolism of macronutrients, but also our micronutrients. (biocertica.com)
  • Alterations in genes with potential clinical utility are observed in more than three quarters of the cases and included members of the PI3-kinase and homologous DNA repair pathways. (nih.gov)
  • An investigation of modifying effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms in metabolism-related genes on the relationship between peripheral nerve function and mercury levels in urine and hair. (cdc.gov)
  • There are certain genes that play a role in metabolism. (livepositively.com)
  • Database is richly annotated in the systemic information on the nomenclature, chemistry and structure of the DNA damage and drugs targeting nucleic acids and/or proteins involved in the maintenance of genome stability. (vifabio.de)
  • These biochemicals can be joined to make polymers such as DNA and proteins, essential macromolecules of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Defects in the regulation of RNA metabolism were also seen in neurodegenerative disorders by involving the mutation or mis-localization of RNA binding proteins leading to the formation of aggregation and inclusion of the proteins. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)
  • However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)
  • Calcium metabolism modifiers such as bisphosphonates are stable analogues of inorganic pyrophosphate. (medscape.com)
  • Since the body's metabolism is very complex and integrates many pathways and systems, single gene variants cannot explain much of the variation between individuals. (biocertica.com)
  • Developing pharmaceutical mechanisms for cancer therapy by targeting enzymes important for preventing the formation of DNA breaks arose during accelerated cell growth such as in cancer cells as well as factors important for the BRCA2 and PARP-dependent repair pathways to keep these DNA breaks unrepaired. (postdoc.com)
  • The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, each step being facilitated by a specific enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways among vastly different species. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the DNAtraffic database aim is to create the first platform of the combinatorial complexity of DNA metabolism pathway analysis. (vifabio.de)
  • In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, this pathway also regulates the redirection of free amino acids to protein synthesis via the mTOR-signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, the glycolytic system is the most important pathway to understand in the metabolism of cancer cells. (dojindo.com)
  • These conditions may result in failure of osteoid calcification (rickets) in children because of a disruption in the pathway of either vitamin D or phosphate metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Cholesterol metabolism in the brain is independent of peripheral tissues due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that impairs the entrance of the protein-bound lipid into the central nervous system (CNS). (frontiersin.org)
  • DNAtraffic database is freely available and can be queried by the name of DNA network process, DNA damage, protein, disease, and drug. (vifabio.de)
  • In molecular biology, the fatty acid metabolism regulator protein FadR, is a bacterial transcription factor. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α protein instability was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and lower glycolytic enzyme expression, rendering knockout-engineered heart tissue sensitive to metabolic stress such as serum withdrawal and restrictive feeding . (bvsalud.org)
  • The data in the chapter on effects of induction/inhibition (p.27, l. 21-31) very much suggest that not just cytochrome P-450, but specifically CYP2E1 is relevant for the oxidative metabolism. (cdc.gov)
  • Metabolites and energy sources [e.g., glucose, lactate, and NAD(P) + /NAD(P)H] are the indicators used for analyzing intracellular metabolisms. (dojindo.com)
  • Secondly, patients might be injected with micro doses of DNA alkylating drugs and look for adduct formation in tumor tissue biopsy and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (lrrk2inhibitor.com)
  • Using intra-exosomal metabolomics, we provide compelling evidence that CDEs contain intact metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and TCA-cycle intermediates that are avidly utilized by cancer cells for central carbon metabolism and promoting tumor growth under nutrient deprivation or nutrient stressed conditions. (elifesciences.org)
  • mIBG enters cancer cells through the norepinephrine transporter (NET) where the radioactive decay of 131 I causes DNA damage, cell death, and tumor necrosis. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease is clinical and can be confirmed by DNA analysis and/or enzyme assay. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Conclusion: Data from this study do not support the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene increase DNA stability by sequestering 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate for thymidine synthesis and reducing uracil misincorporation into DNA. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Altered cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, and much of the published literature has focused on neoplastic cell-autonomous processes for these adaptations. (elifesciences.org)
  • University of Illinois Engineering News wrote, 'Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have, for the first time, uncovered the complex interdependence and orchestration of metabolic reactions, gene regulation, and environmental cues of clostridial metabolism. (icr.org)
  • Take an ancestry DNA test to see if you have this gene variation. (livepositively.com)
  • Histone lysine acylation is a major class of histone post-translational modifications involved in essential biological activities, such as transcriptional regulation, DNA-damage, a repairnd cell-cycle progression. (news-medical.net)
  • Overall, these findings unravel a mechanism connecting DNA damage and transcriptional stress to metabolic redesign and protective antioxidant defenses. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • DNA damage and metabolic disorders are intimately linked with premature disease onset but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
  • Cholesterol-related disorders have been associated with sEH, which plays an important role in the metabolism of cholesterol precursors. (frontiersin.org)
  • inherited disorders of metabolism, caused by hexosaminidase deficiency that causes severe neurologic symptoms and early death. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Detecting drug-DNA adducts could also be a predictive biomarker for cancer drug induced DNA harm, to ascertain drug induced DNA damage you can find 3 major exposure approaches are made use of. (lrrk2inhibitor.com)
  • Finally, cancer cell and regular cells are exposed to DNA modifying agent's ex vivo to determine if there's any adducts are formed. (lrrk2inhibitor.com)
  • Estrogen metabolism and formation of estrogen-DNA adducts in estradiol-treated MCF-10F cells. (nebraska.edu)
  • The estrogens estrone (E 1 ) and estradiol (E 2 ) can form catechol estrogen (CE) metabolites, catechol estrogen quinones [E 1 (E 2 )-3,4-Q], which react with DNA to form predominantly depurinating adducts. (nebraska.edu)
  • Estrogen metabolites and depurinating DNA adducts in culture medium were analyzed by HPLC with electrochemical detection. (nebraska.edu)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Estrogen metabolism and formation of estrogen-DNA adducts in estradiol-treated MCF-10F cells. (nebraska.edu)
  • The N -hydroxyarylamines undergo ac- id-catalysed reactions with DNA to form a variety of DNA adducts. (who.int)
  • These DNA adducts can also be formed from reactive esters of N -hydroxyarylamines (e.g. (who.int)
  • This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
  • the DNA damage repair in the mature neurons and their deficiency in neurodegeneration, this Research Topic may provide insights into potential therapeutic targets and contribute knowledge and ideas to develop methods for treatment. (frontiersin.org)
  • The word metabolism can also refer to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transportation of substances into and between different cells, in which case the above described set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary (or intermediate) metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy and will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. (wikipedia.org)
  • XPF-ERCC1 is a highly conserved, heterodimeric, structure-specific endonuclease complex required for lesion excision in NER 26 , 27 that is thought to play an analogous role in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) that covalently link both DNA strands preventing transcription and replication 28 . (nature.com)
  • In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Accumulation of DNA lesions causing transcription stress is associated with natural and accelerated aging and culminates with profound metabolic alterations. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Using Ercc1-defective mice and Xpg knock-out mice, we demonstrate that combined defects in transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) and in nucleotide excision repair (NER) directly affect bioenergetics due to declined transcription, leading to increased ATP levels. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Here, we show that persistent DNA damage accumulation in tissue-infiltrating macrophages carrying an ERCC1-XPF DNA repair defect ( Er1 F/− ) triggers Golgi dispersal, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and exosome biogenesis leading to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vivo and ex vivo. (nature.com)
  • One of the most significant findings of the project was the discovery of the role of DNA in human energy consumption. (livepositively.com)
  • Overall, the findings of this study suggest that DNA may influence a person's ability to gain or lose weight. (livepositively.com)
  • Intracellular metabolism in disease models such as cancer and diabetes has recently attracted great attention. (dojindo.com)
  • Below articles are general review on cancer cell metabolism. (dojindo.com)
  • The metabolism of cancer cells is also different from the metabolism of normal cells, and these differences can be used to find targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adductomics in Precision Medicine in Cancer Traditionally, DNA modifying drugs (drugs reacting covalently with DNA or drugs forming cross-links with double strand) are the first line of therapy to treat cancer, however the emergence of resistance, unresponsiveness of patient and detrimental side-effects linked makes them quite regarding to make use of. (lrrk2inhibitor.com)
  • Formation of estrogen metabolites that react with DNA is thought to be a mechanism of cancer initiation by estrogens. (nebraska.edu)
  • DNA methyltransferase inhibitor dramatically alters the secondary metabolism of Pestalotiopsis microspora[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017, 26(5): 355-359. (jcps.ac.cn)
  • Thus, we knocked out the main de novo DNA methyltransferase in cardiomyocytes , DNMT3A, in human induced pluripotent stem cells . (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, growing evidence has shown that in the elderly and patients with neurodegeneration, the DNA damage, majorly caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), is accumulated and DNA damage repair is deficient in both nuclei and mitochondria. (frontiersin.org)
  • The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of the intake of a single portion of blood orange juice (BOJ, 300 ml, providing 150 mg vitamin C) on mononuclear blood cell (MNBC) DNA damage, compared with a drink supplemented with the same amount of vitamin C (C-drink) or sugars (S-drink). (cambridge.org)
  • Vitamin C was analysed at each time point by HPLC, whereas H 2 O 2 -induced MNBC DNA damage was evaluated at 0, 3 and 24 h by means of the comet assay. (cambridge.org)
  • This, in turn, establishes chronic inflammation and tissue pathology in mice with important ramifications for DNA repair-deficient, progeroid syndromes and aging. (nature.com)
  • Using mice with an engineered ERCC1-XPF defect in tissue-infiltrating macrophages, we provide evidence for a fundamental mechanism by which irreparable DNA damage triggers an exosome-based, metabolic reprogramming that leads to chronic inflammation and tissue pathology in NER progeroid syndromes and likely also during aging. (nature.com)
  • Mice homozygous for a targeted null mutation are viable and fertile but exhibit increased sensitivity to the DNA interstrand cross-linking agent mitomycin C. (jax.org)
  • The team concluded that zinc reduces 'oxidative stress and damage to DNA' that helps protect against chronic diseases. (hollandandbarrett.com)
  • Macrophage-derived EVs accumulate in Er1 F/− animal sera and are secreted in macrophage media after DNA damage. (nature.com)
  • To counteract DNA damage, mammalian cells have evolved partially overlapping DNA repair systems to remove DNA lesions and restore their DNA back to its native form 1 , 2 . (nature.com)
  • Although dysregulated RNA metabolism and defective DNA damage repair have been linked to aging and neurodegeneration, the molecular mechanisms are not sufficiently investigated, which is critical to develop mechanism-based therapeutic avenues. (frontiersin.org)