Metabolism and metabolic pathways. Medical search. Frequent questions

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Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4- and CYP2D6- mediated drug metabolism. (who.int)

To address this, I used models of mitochondrial dysfunction in isogenic cancer cell lines and studied their metabolism using a combination of Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. (tdl.org)
NAFLD is part of a complex system of mental and non-communicable somatic disorders with a common pathogenesis, based on shared lifestyle and environmental risks, mediated by dysregulation of inflammation, oxidative stress pathways, and mitochondrial function. (biomedcentral.com)
Nano-titanium dioxide (nano -TiO2), though one of the most utilized and produced engineered nanomaterial s (ENMs), diminishes cardiovascular function through dysregulation of metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics following inhalation exposure. (cdc.gov)
MiRNA-378a regulated proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion, transcription, and fatty acid metabolism. (cdc.gov)
MiRNA-378a-3p acts as a negative regulator of mitochondrial metabolic and biogenesis pathways. (cdc.gov)
In addition, increases in GPX, SOD3, G6PD, HK, and PFK at proteomic and transcriptomic levels suggested elevation of glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, synthesis of glutathione and nucleotides, and antioxidative pathway activity, whereas oxidative phosphorylation, TCA and mitochondrial energy metabolism were reduced. (frontiersin.org)
The hallmarks of neurodegeneration include oxidative stress, proteasome impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates as well as metabolic alterations. (lu.se)
Specifically, proteins involved in metabolic pathways and in mitochondrial functions are mainly downregulated in mice fed with obesogenic diets compared to SD. (lu.se)

Alterations in six metabolic pathways were found on D 17 and D 45, including variations in the level of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, glycerolipid metabolism, folate biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. (nature.com)
Advances in the field of evolutionary genetics have also led to the proposal of trichothecene classification systems based on the pathway of their biosynthesis. (wikipedia.org)
The first volume discusses feedstock aspects, enzymology, metabolism and genetic engineering of PHA biosynthesis. (routledge.com)
Enables reader to learn about microbiological, enzymatic, genetic, synthetic biology, and metabolic aspects of PHA biosynthesis based on the latest scientific discoveries. (routledge.com)
Enriched metabolic pathways for both total fat (%) and fat distribution included protein synthesis, branched-chain amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. (lu.se)

The biochemical diagram example "Metabolic pathway map" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park. (conceptdraw.com)
The vector stencils library " Biochemistry of metabolism" contains 46 metabolite symbols for drawing metabolic pathways maps, biochemical diagrams and metabolism process flow charts using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software. (conceptdraw.com)
The vector stencils library "Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)" contains 26 symbols of metabolites for drawing metabolic pathway maps and biochemical shematic diagrams of the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, Krebs cycle) and diagrams of metabolism processes. (conceptdraw.com)
Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically. (conceptdraw.com)
The module aims to deepen your knowledge of the important roles enzymes, hormones and chemical reactions play in the regulation of metabolism and considers multiple metabolic and biochemical pathways involved in the process of energy turnover and storage, metabolic signals/pathways involved in adaptation, and the interaction of macro/micro nutrients with these systems. (ncl.ac.uk)
A growing body of evidence indicates that inflammation is associated with alterations in the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP) ( 12 , 13 ), an essential amino acid and biochemical precursor of serotonin (5-HT), kynurenine (KYN) and indoles ( 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
It illustrates how plants impact human activity and success, in terms of their importance as a food supply and as raw materials for industrial and pharmaceutical products, and considers how humans can benefit from exploiting plant biochemical pathways. (routledge.com)
Biochemical pathways are represented as route maps, showing how one reaction interacts with another both within and across pathways. (routledge.com)
The wide-ranging approach of this book emphasizes the importance of teaching and learning plant biochemical pathways within the framework of what the pathway does and why it is needed. (routledge.com)
It should also prove to be a suitable reference text for graduates and researchers who are new to the topic or who wish to broaden their understanding of the range of biochemical pathways in plants. (routledge.com)
The impact of MSNs on biochemical metabolism is poorly understood, and few studies have compared the effects of MSNs administered via different routes. (frontiersin.org)
Biochemical genetic testing and newborn screening are essential laboratory services for the screening, detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of inborn errors of metabolism or inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)
As the number of inherited metabolic diseases that are included in state-based newborn screening programs continues to increase, ensuring the quality of performance and delivery of testing services remains a continuous challenge not only for public health laboratories and other newborn screening facilities but also for biochemical genetic testing laboratories. (cdc.gov)
These recommendations are intended for laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing to improve the quality of laboratory services and for newborn screening laboratories to ensure the quality of laboratory practices for inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)

Our data allow construction of the main metabolic pathways of 2C-B. Oxidative deamination results in the 2-4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl-ethanol BDMPE and 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylacetic acid BDMPAA metabolites. (erowid.org)

[ 2 ] Genotype analysis can be used to identify DNA changes in specific metabolic pathways that produce aberrant phenotypes. (medscape.com)
In some forms of cancer, cancer cells become highly dependent or "addicted" to specific metabolic pathways as a result of genetic mutations. (sciencedaily.com)

Because of the many chemicals (a.k.a. "metabolites") that may be involved, metabolic pathways can be quite elaborate. (conceptdraw.com)
Metabolites are the intermediates and products of metabolism. (conceptdraw.com)
Quickly identify metabolic pathways, potential metabolites and guide compound design to avoid metabolic liabilities. (optibrium.com)
With regioselectivity models, identify the sites at which metabolism is likely to occur and corresponding potential metabolites for a range of enzyme families, again spanning human CYPs, AOXs, FMOs, UGTs and SULTs, plus rat, mouse and dog CYP. (optibrium.com)
Predict metabolic pathways with good accuracy and precision, helping you identify the most likely experimentally observed metabolites. (optibrium.com)
On the other hand, oral administration of MSNs disturbed inflammatory factors and metabolites of ribose-5-phosphate, 6-phosphogluconate, GSSG, and NADP+ associated with the pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione synthesis and oxidative stress albeit to a lesser extent than intravenous injection despite the administration of a ten-fold greater dose. (frontiersin.org)
Defects in the metabolic pathway produce several potentially toxic metabolites. (medscape.com)
13] Hamilton et al suggested that metabolites of the dysfunctional propionic acid and methylmalonic acid pathways may be selectively toxic to the endothelial cells in the basal ganglia. (medscape.com)

Most patients experience muscle symptoms, such as weakness and cramps, although certain GSDs manifest as specific syndromes, such as hypoglycemic seizures or cardiomegaly, based on which enzyme is affected in the carbohydrate metabolic pathway. (medscape.com)
Identify atomic sites vulnerable to metabolism by multiple enzyme families to guide compound design towards improved stability. (optibrium.com)
An example output from the Metabolism module in Card View, with labelled molecules depicting sites of metabolism by enzyme, pie charts showing which enzymes and isoforms are most likely to metabolise the molecule, and a bar chart showing vulnerability of each site to metabolism. (optibrium.com)
We have shown that while terrestrial and freshwater molluscs have a well developed ketone body metabolism, marine molluscs do not express the terminal enzyme in the pathway (β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase). (uoguelph.ca)
The potential for a clinically significant event is enhanced if the drug is widely used and has a narrow therapeutic range, if the enzyme pathway plays a major role in the elimination of the drug, or if the number of therapeutic alternatives is limited. (medscape.com)
Propionic acidemia is a metabolic disorder in which a defective form of the enzyme propionyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase results in the accumulation of propionic acid. (medscape.com)

The study, published in Cell Metabolism , found that MYC stimulated synthesis of purine molecules. (sciencedaily.com)

These alterations can affect the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP), an essential amino acid and precursor of serotonin (5-HT), kynurenine (KYN), and indoles. (frontiersin.org)
This study aimed to investigate alterations in KYN and microbiota-mediated indole routes of TRP metabolism in obese subjects relatively to non-obese controls and to determine their relationship with systemic inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
HsIL-6 and hsCRP were increased in obesity and were overall associated with TRP metabolic pathways alterations. (frontiersin.org)
Alterations in TRP metabolism in obese subjects may also arise from the gut microbiota, which has been shown to be disrupted both at compositional and functional levels in obesity ( 20 - 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
and alterations of glucose metabolism. (medscape.com)
The membrane and metabolic alterations during metabolic arrest in terrestrial snails and African lungfish are also of interest since these organisms undergo a reduction in metabolism at a constant temperature (estivation). (uoguelph.ca)

In the context of foie gras production, better knowledge of the establishment of hepatic metabolic pathways during embryogenesis could be of particular interest to modulate the individual response to force-feeding. (biomedcentral.com)
Rather, they show that a major role of hepatic Akt is to restrain the activity of Foxo1 and that in the absence of Foxo1, Akt is largely dispensable for insulin- and nutrient-mediated hepatic metabolic regulation in vivo . (nature.com)

Catabolic (break-down) and Anabolic (synthesis) pathways often work interdependently to create new biomolecules as the final end-products. (conceptdraw.com)
The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies that simulated methyl-deficient diets reported disturbances in energy metabolism and protein synthesis in the liver, fatty liver, or muscle disorders. (nih.gov)
In growing cancer cells, oxidative metabolism of glucose and glutamine in the mitochondria provide precursors needed for de novo synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. (tdl.org)
IDO is responsible for the catabolism of TRP along the KYN pathway, likely resulting in reduced 5-HT synthesis. (frontiersin.org)
This unexpected dual role of FoxO1 in promoting insulin sensitivity and lipid synthesis in addition to glucose production has the potential to explain the peculiar admixture of insulin resistance and sensitivity that is commonly observed in the metabolic syndrome. (jci.org)

Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. (conceptdraw.com)
Saltiel, A.R. & Kahn, C.R. Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. (nature.com)
FoxO transcription factors are considered effectors of the pathway regulating hepatic glucose production. (jci.org)

Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze a wide range of genes involved in liver development, cell stress, lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms throughout embryogenesis in mule ducks to better understand the ontogeny of pathways related to liver fattening. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatic insulin resistance affects both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. (jci.org)
Lim SA, Su W, Chapman NM, Chi H . Lipid metabolism in T cell signaling and function. (stjude.org)

A gene expression analysis revealed that deletion of Akt in liver led to the constitutive activation of Foxo1-dependent gene expression, but again, concomitant ablation of Foxo1 restored postprandial regulation, preventing the inhibition of the metabolic response to nutrient intake caused by deletion of Akt . (nature.com)
This includes integration of metabolic pathways, mechanisms of regulation and metabolic control analysis. (up.ac.za)
Significant insight into the physiological roles of signaling and metabolic pathways could impact our understanding of fundamental mechanisms of immune regulation and manifest legitimate therapeutic opportunities. (stjude.org)

The fraction metabolized by conjugation and P450 metabolism was estimated in liver and intestine, and the importance of multiple metabolic pathways on accuracy of clearance prediction was assessed. (aspetjournals.org)
Liver fattening involves the activation of several metabolic pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Since liver sampling was only possible from the 12th day of embryogenesis (E12), we analyzed hepatic gene expression at 7 sampling points every 4 days from this point up to 4 days post-hatch (D4) and revealed different patterns of expression depending on the cellular pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
The liver and the muscles appear to be the major organs for methyl group metabolism. (nih.gov)
However, in ovariectomized mice, PaPEs triggered beneficial responses both in metabolic tissues (adipose tissue and liver) that reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation and in the vasculature that accelerated repair of endothelial damage. (illinois.edu)

Integration of ChIP-Sequencing with the RNA-Sequencing and metabolic profiling data will reveal the molecular pathways regulated by KDM. (ntu.ac.uk)
Within the underlying theme of our research, we explore T cell responses from two complementary angles: the molecular pathways intrinsic to T cells, and the pathways that act in dendritic cells to cross-regulate T cell responses. (stjude.org)

Please note that proteins can be included in multiple pathways, ie. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Functional characterization of this second pathway revealed, however, that its activity was necessary for the optimal function of the reductive carboxylation pathway. (tdl.org)

Overall, systematic biological data suggested that intravenous injection of nanoparticles of pharmaceutical excipients substantially affected hepatic metabolism function and induced oxidative stress and inflammation, whereas oral administration exhibited milder effects compared with intravenous injection. (frontiersin.org)
Oxidative stress pathways in the potentiation of noise -induced hearing loss by acrylonitrile. (cdc.gov)

To gain mechanistic insight into how this unusual pathway was regulated I carried out a targeted metabolomics analysis in our isogenic tumor cell models. (tdl.org)
Recently, we apply systems biology approaches, such as proteomics, metabolomics, single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), CRISPR screening and integrative network analysis, to reconstruct metabolic signaling circuits and identify new therapeutic targets. (stjude.org)
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics was employed to profile the metabolic signatures of total fat (%) and fat distribution in 3447 participants from three Swedish cohorts (EpiHealth, POEM and PIVUS) using a discovery-replication cross-sectional study design. (lu.se)

This hypothesis was tested using acrylonitrile (ACN), a widely used industrial chemical whose metabolism is associated with glutathione (GSH) depletion and cyanide (CN) generation. (cdc.gov)

HPLC-QTOF/MS was used in combination with pattern recognition methods and pathway analysis methods to look for variation in the metabolic phenotype and to generate a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms occurring in pregnant dairy cows. (nature.com)
We believed that some of these changes would highlight pathways and molecular mechanisms that could link obesity to brain impairment. (lu.se)

Concern has been raised because only little is known about its toxicity and metabolism in humans. (erowid.org)
and issues of metabolic toxicity. (cshlpress.com)
in an inhalation study and only equivocal evidence of metabolism to SO is below the limit of detection in nearly all samples, and the most active sample of lung lung tumors in two of four chronic toxicity/oncogenicity was approximately 100-fold less active than mouse studies by gavage in mice (reviewed in Cruzan et al . (cdc.gov)

Two remarkable interspecies differences in metabolism of 2C-B were observed i a hitherto unknown metabolite, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-phenol BDMP, was identified after incubation only with mouse hepatocytes ii 2-4-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl-ethanol B-2-HMPE was produced by hepatocytes from human, monkey and rabbit but not by dog, rat and mouse. (erowid.org)

Cachexia is thought to be caused by bioactive molecules produced by the tumor, such as alpha-lymphotoxin (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] alpha), peptides, and nucleotides, which are able to affect metabolism. (medscape.com)

Cancer Cell Metabolism: Unique Features Inform New Therapeutic Opportunities. (nyas.org)
Our laboratory has a long-standing interest in immune signaling and cell metabolism underlying the differentiation and function of T cells, a central cell type in adaptive immunity and cancer immunotherapy. (stjude.org)

Discover compounds with multiple routes of metabolism to avoid potential drug-drug interactions, and identify the most important enzymes to ensure coverage for during experimental testing. (optibrium.com)
Identify compounds with multiple routes of clearance using the Metabolism module's WhichEnzyme and WhichP450 models. (optibrium.com)
Both KYN and microbiota-mediated indole routes of TRP metabolism were altered in obese subjects, as reflected in higher KYN/TRP ratio and lower 5-HT and indoles levels, relatively to non-obese controls. (frontiersin.org)

It also analyzes the link between NAFLD and psychiatric disorders, looking into common pathophysiological pathways, such as metabolic, genetic, and lifestyle factors. (biomedcentral.com)
SCLC metabolism has not previously been studied in-depth," said Dr. Ralph DeBerardinis, Professor at CRI and Director of CRI's Genetic and Metabolic Disease Program. (sciencedaily.com)

This entry was posted in Extra-nuclear Initiated Estrogen Receptor Signaling , Genomics of Estrogen Receptor Signaling , Metabolism , Systems Biology by [email protected] . (illinois.edu)
The latest trends towards a biological systems approach of metabolism, functional genomics and control. (up.ac.za)

Chronically increased calorie intake and resulting obesity is associated with excessive production of signaling substances that attract highly active immune cells, which ultimately leads to metabolic malfunctions in various tissues. (dkfz.de)
Kulkarni AS, Brutsaert EF, Anghel V, et al: Metformin regulates metabolic and nonmetabolic pathways in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissues of older adults. (msdmanuals.com)

Obesity constitutes a major global health threat and is associated with a variety of diseases ranging from metabolic and cardiovascular disease, cancer to neurodegeneration. (lu.se)

Nitrogen Metabolism is the polymeric nitrogen containing compounds proteins and nucleic acids that define the major attributes of organism such as function and structure. (udemy.com)
These questions will give you basic idea for Examination Preparation and/or interview on Oxidative Phosphorylation and Nitrogen Metabolism. (udemy.com)
Nitrogen and Sulfur Metabolism 9. (routledge.com)
Her research interests are Plastid metabolism and the interrelationships between carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism. (routledge.com)
Changes in metabolic pathways, particularly those involving nitrogen compounds are being investigated using 15 N labelled compounds. (uoguelph.ca)

Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)

The effect of deletion of these combinations on cellular metabolism has been studied by flux balance analysis. (nih.gov)

Both NAFLD and mental disorders share pathophysiological pathways, and also present a complex, bidirectional relationship with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related cardiometabolic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Disrupted signal transduction pathways cause various metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. (dkfz.de)
They are not only the cause of severe metabolic disorders such as diabetes and arteriosclerosis but also a characteristic or even the cause of a number of cancers. (dkfz.de)
Beside other effects these can lead to changes in metabolism, which in turn can lead to functional disorders and even to the development of disease. (ufz.de)

The metabolic pathway of plasma and tissue nitrates depends on local conditions such as tissue oxygenation, and inflammatory state. (cdc.gov)
Obesity is a metabolic disorder characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, as reflected in increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and the acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) ( 1 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Thus, there will be lectures about insulin signaling pathways in Drosophila just as about inflammatory signals in obesity. (dkfz.de)
For dendritic cell-mediated extrinsic control of T cell differentiation, we focus on metabolic and inflammatory pathways (see Du Nature 2018). (stjude.org)

The link between choline, betaine, and energy metabolism in humans indicates novel functions for these nutrients. (nih.gov)

Current findings emphasize the importance of both hepatic and intestinal conjugation for in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of metabolic clearance. (aspetjournals.org)
Some of the estrogenic contaminants of technical grade methoxychlor are the same as those formed by metabolism in vivo (Bulger et al. (cdc.gov)

These results are inconsistent with the canonical model of hepatic metabolism in which Akt is an obligate intermediate for proper insulin signaling. (nature.com)
It has been proposed that insulin controls these 2 metabolic branches through distinct signaling pathways. (jci.org)
As an example, in post-mortem brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), several studies have reported reduction of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin receptor and an increase in tau protein and glycogen-synthase kinase-3β compared to healthy controls suggesting an impairment of metabolism in the AD patient's brain. (lu.se)

Inorganic nitrate/nitrite does not undergo first pass metabolism [Pannala et al. (cdc.gov)

This includes gene, protein and metabolic networks, cellular architecture and intracellular dynamics, cell communication and motility, cell division and differentiation, tissue formation and organogenesis, tissue and organ functions, changes in population characteristics as a consequence of interaction of organisms with their physical environment, with individuals of their own species, and with organisms of other species. (nih.gov)
To discover new vulnerabilities in SCLC, researchers at CRI analyzed metabolism and gene expression in cells obtained from more than 25 human SCLC tumors. (sciencedaily.com)

In addition, numerous distinct pathways co-exist within a cell. (conceptdraw.com)

We report the development of structurally novel estrogens that preferentially activate a subset of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathways and result in favorable target tissue-selective activity. (illinois.edu)
Through a process of structural alteration of estrogenic ligands that was designed to preserve their essential chemical and physical features but greatly reduced their binding affinity for ERs, we obtained "pathway preferential estrogens" (PaPEs), which interacted with ERs to activate the extranuclear-initiated signaling pathway preferentially over the nuclear-initiated pathway. (illinois.edu)
The conference "Metabolism 2012: From Signaling to Disease" is part of an annual forum series organized in Heidelberg by the DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, which is a strategic alliance between the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and the Center for Molecular Biology (ZMBH) at Heidelberg University. (dkfz.de)
Disrupted signaling pathways and resulting disruptions in metabolism are more common with increasing age. (dkfz.de)
Chi H . Immunometabolism at the intersection of metabolic signaling, cell fate, and systems immunology. (stjude.org)

Protein-protein dependencies at a genome scale are derived from the curated metabolic network, from which insights into the nature and extent of inter-protein and inter-pathway dependencies have been obtained. (nih.gov)
In combination with time series measurements this allows us to get insights into the kinetics of the metabolic transformations. (ufz.de)

Scientists from around the globe will convene at the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) on November 15th - 16th, 2012 to discuss the links between a disrupted metabolism and various diseases. (dkfz.de)
The recommended practices address the benefits of using a quality management system approach, factors to consider before introducing new tests, establishment and verification of test performance specifications, the total laboratory testing process (which consists of the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases), confidentiality of patient information and test results, and personnel qualifications and responsibilities for laboratory testing for inherited metabolic diseases. (cdc.gov)

Certain maternal metabolism pathways change due to the nutrient transport during early pregnancy. (nature.com)
Changes in plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) reflect one aspect of the metabolic consequences of methyl group deficiency or nutrient supplementations. (nih.gov)

The intermediary metabolism of small molecules is the meat and potatoes of cell function. (cshlpress.com)

In biochemistry, metabolic pathways are series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. (conceptdraw.com)
The shapes example "Design elements - Biochemistry of metabolism" is included in the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park. (conceptdraw.com)
Plant Biochemistry focuses on the molecular and cellular aspects of each major metabolic pathway and sets these within the context of the whole plant. (routledge.com)
Plant Biochemistry is invaluable to undergraduate students who wish to gain insight into the relevance of plant metabolism in relation to current research questions and world challenges. (routledge.com)

However some negative effects have also been observed (decrease in hatchability, slight decrease in quality of the final product) showing that a better understanding of the metabolism at the embryonic stage in ducks is needed. (biomedcentral.com)

Thus, the nearness index can be viewed as a metabolic disruptability index, which suggests possible strategies for achieving maximal metabolic disruption by inhibition of the least number of proteins. (nih.gov)

A functional distance matrix and a subsequent nearness index derived from this information, helps in understanding how the influence of a given protein can pervade to the metabolic network. (nih.gov)

The metabolism of elasmobranch fishes differs substantially from that of virtually all other vertebrates due to the need to synthesize substantial amounts of urea for osmotic support. (uoguelph.ca)

In addition, it is used in the conversion of pyruvate, a substance that is essential to many metabolic pathways in the body. (medlineplus.gov)

These results indicate for the first time that KYN and indole TRP metabolic pathways are concomitantly altered in obese subjects and highlight their respective associations with obesity-related systemic inflammation. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy19

Organisms11

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science13

Health Care3

Drug Metabolism3

Mitochondrial8

Biosynthesis5

Biochemical14

Main metabolic pathways1

Specific metabolic pathways2

Metabolites8

Enzyme6

Purine1

Alterations6

Hepatic metabolic2

Synthesis6

Glucose3

Lipid4

Regulation3

Liver5

Molecular pathways2

Multiple pathways1

Characterization1

Oxidative stress2

Metabolomics3

Glutathione1

Mechanisms2

Toxicity3

Hepatocytes1

Nucleotides1

Cell Metabolism2

Routes3

Genetic2

Genomics2

Tissues2

Cardiovascular1

Nitrogen5

Cancer metabolism1

Cellular metabolism1

Disorders4

Inflammatory4

Humans1

Vivo2

Insulin3

Inorganic1

Gene2

Distinct1

Signaling5

Insights2

Diseases2

Nutrient2

Small molecules1

Biochemistry4

Embryonic1

Inhibition1

Functional1

Substantially1

Pyruvate1

Inflammation1