• Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are important mechanisms of ventricular remodeling, predisposed to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (mdpi.com)
  • These results suggest disruption to fatty acid uptake, energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress, and point towards pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction, which has previously been linked to benzene exposure in animal models and human studies. (cdc.gov)
  • Aβ-mediated oxidative stress results in mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of glucose metabolism, loss of proteostasis and synaptic plasticity, altered signal transduction, neuroinflammation, and progressive loss of neurons 9 . (nature.com)
  • Progressive mitochondrial accumulation of incompletely translocated APP caused mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired cellular energy metabolism. (jneurosci.org)
  • There is also growing evidence that FFA-mediated oxidative stress contributes significantly to mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease associated to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, with the aim to summarize the current knowledge on the initiation of the atherosclerotic process, in this paper, we review the early markers of atherosclerosis and we address the main therapeutic targets for preventing atheroma formation at its very initial stages focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and the interaction between platelets and endothelium. (hindawi.com)
  • The imbalance between disposal systems and production of these species leads to dysfunction of macromolecules and cells at the heart of the phenomenon of oxidative stress. (cea.fr)
  • SIRT3 deficiency further aggravated HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction and susceptibility to oxidative stress injury. (hindawi.com)
  • This results in hyperglycemia and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, especially when repeatedly exposed to oxidative stress. (vitalitymagazine.com)
  • The meta-analysis showed that blood concentrations of oxidative glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde, homocysteine, S -adenosylhomocysteine, nitric oxide, and copper were higher in children with ASD than that of HC children. (nature.com)
  • Additionally, given the consistent and large effective size, glutathione metabolism biomarkers have the potential to inform early diagnosis of ASD. (nature.com)
  • Chemically, oxidative stress is associated with increased production of oxidizing species or a significant decrease in the effectiveness of antioxidant defenses, such as glutathione. (wikipedia.org)
  • SOD is a potential therapeutic agent in diseases related to oxidative stress and as a material for moderating the aging process, because of its high antioxidant efficiency (much higher than that of glutathione or other reducing agents) and early action in the initial stages of ROS metabolism. (dojindo.com)
  • Since glutathione also has superoxidescavenging activity, it contributes to a reductive atmosphere in cells and tissues to avoid oxidative damage. (dojindo.com)
  • Acrylonitrile (ACN), one of the top 50 chemicals produced in the world, is a very powerful pro-oxidant compound whose metabolism leads to a profound glutathione (GSH) depletion and to a production of cyanide (CN) which, in turn, can inhibit superoxide dismutase (SOD). (cdc.gov)
  • Though the exact mechanism is not known, the therapeutic effect of edaravone (Radicava) is thought to be a result of its antioxidant properties, which combat oxidative stress. (mda.org)
  • In response to stress, activation of detoxification systems is linked to the action of antioxidant metabolism enzymes. (cea.fr)
  • Tea catechins and polyphenols: health effects, metabolism, and antioxidant functions. (oregonstate.edu)
  • It acts as an anti-inflammatory supplement (exposure negative reviews) and an antioxidant to combat free radical damage and oxidative stresses. (ipsnews.net)
  • Metabolomic analyses on RBCs from obese donors (44.1 ± 5.1 kg/m2 ) had altered membrane lipid composition, dysregulation of antioxidant pathways (eg, increased oxidized lipids, methionine sulfoxide, and xanthine), and dysregulation of nitric oxide metabolism, as compared to RBCs from nonobese (20.5 ± 1.0 kg/m2 ) donors. (rti.org)
  • However, under the severe levels of oxidative stress that cause necrosis, the damage causes ATP depletion, preventing controlled apoptotic death and causing the cell to simply fall apart. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, we found that isolated islets from Chop -/- mice displayed increased expression of UPR and oxidative stress response genes and reduced levels of oxidative damage. (jci.org)
  • Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA are all susceptible to oxidative damage and this damage can change gene transcription along with cell proliferation and differentiation and is involved in several diseases including diabetes and obesity, cancer and neurological disorders (Kregel, 2007). (promocell.com)
  • Neopterin, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress: What Could We Be Missing? (mdpi.com)
  • Neopterin has been extensively used as a clinical marker of immune activation during inflammation in a wide range of conditions and stresses. (mdpi.com)
  • Oxidative stress results from an imbalance of pro- and anti-oxidants and leads to faster skin aging, inflammation and disease. (promocell.com)
  • Oxidative stress can become a self-fuelling cycle, where the initial stress leads to dysregulation of physiological processes, inflammation and a deregulated immune system which in turn lead to various diseases that may cause further inflammation and oxidative stress. (promocell.com)
  • Oxygen metabolism in the mitochondria contribute around 90% of ROS in a cell. (promocell.com)
  • We aim to understand how chloroplasts and mitochondria play dual functions in the plant cell as 1) metabolic hubs for photosynthesis and respiration respectively, and 2) environmental stress sensors for the cell by releasing a variety of distress signals upon perception of unfavourable conditions. (edu.au)
  • In response, aerobic organisms created defense mechanisms to avoid oxidative stress. (dojindo.com)
  • Oxidative stress has recently become the focus of many studies seeking to understand these defense mechanisms and the relationships between oxidative damage and disease or aging processes. (dojindo.com)
  • In the present review, we focus our attention on the molecular mechanisms leading to oxidative stress-mediates. (researchgate.net)
  • Measurement of these modifications is important for understanding the mechanisms of oxidative DNA damage and its biological repercussions. (dojindo.com)
  • Mechanisms of oxidative stress in the potentiation of noise -induced hearing loss by acrylonitrile. (cdc.gov)
  • Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism in humans. (degruyter.com)
  • Therefore, the measurement of allantoin may be useful for the determination of oxidative stress in humans. (degruyter.com)
  • For this purpose, two different drugs were used: (1) Sodium thiosulfate (STS), a CN antidote commonly used in humans in case of CN poisoning and (2) 4-methylpyrazole (4MP) which blocks ACN metabolism through the oxidative pathway, preventing CN formation. (cdc.gov)
  • Cadenas S, Barja G (1999) Resveratrol, melatonin, vitamin E, and PBN protect against renal oxidative DNA damage induced by the kidney carcinogen KBrO 3 . (springer.com)
  • Therefore, it has been proposed that oxidative stress in the developing brains contributes to neuronal damage in genetically susceptible children, which is important in the pathophysiology of ASD. (nature.com)
  • Oxidative stress from oxidative metabolism causes base damage, as well as strand breaks in DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation is similar to oxidative stress, and these lesions have been implicated in aging and cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results showed that Vc and NAC attenuated intracellular lipid accumulation and oxidative damage induced by excessive alcohol exposure in hepatic AML12 cells . (bvsalud.org)
  • The most significant extrinsic factor causing accelerated skin aging is exposure to UV light leading to the production of ROS (Stojiljkovic, 2014) which cause oxidative damage. (promocell.com)
  • The appearance of skin aging is caused by underlying damage to collagen and reduced fibroblast size, both caused by ROS which regulates collagen metabolism. (promocell.com)
  • Oxidative damage to DNA results from the interaction of DNA with ROS, in particular, hydroxy radicals. (dojindo.com)
  • However, clinical data clearly indicate that oxidative DNA damage is related to a number of disease processes such as carcinogenesis and neurodegenerative diseases. (dojindo.com)
  • The mechanism by which ACN renders the cochlea more vulnerable to noise damage is still unknown, but we hypothesize that the decrease of GSH and/or the inhibition of SOD reduce the cochlear intrinsic anti-oxidant defenses and ultimately create oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
  • Direct and Oxidative DNA Damage in a Group of Painters Exposed to VOCs: Dose - Response Relationship. (cdc.gov)
  • Since considerable evidence indicates that increased oxidative damage is associated with the development of most major age-related degenerative diseases, it has been speculated that PPs may have protective effects against such conditions 58 . (bvsalud.org)
  • ROS can be created by metabolism, ionizing radiation, and carcinogenic compounds that directly interact with DNA. (dojindo.com)
  • Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
  • But when blood sugar levels are chronically elevated, the pancreas becomes stressed and progressively more dysfunctional, unable to produce enough insulin to deal with the spikes. (vitalitymagazine.com)
  • UV radiation that causes oxidative stress and hence aging induces the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade dermal collagen and other proteins from the extracellular matrix (Caravalhaes Lago, 2019). (promocell.com)
  • Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
  • Chen B, Arnold LL, Cohen SM, Thomas DJ, Le XC (2011) Mouse arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase genotype affects metabolism and tissue dosimetry of arsenicals after arsenite administration in drinking water. (springer.com)
  • Although these techniques tackle the coupling between neuronal activity and metabolism, they lack chemical specificity and fail in providing information on neuronal and glial metabolic pathways underlying those processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Short-term oxidative stress may also be important in prevention of aging by induction of a process named mitohormesis, and is required to initiate stress response processes in plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Oxidative stress speeds up the aging process however oxidative processes are also essential to the physiological process of energy production in the body. (promocell.com)
  • It activates your metabolism and other fat burning processes in your body. (ipsnews.net)
  • Metabolic pathway enrichment identified 41 pathways associated with benzene exposure, with altered pathways including carnitine shuttle, fatty acid metabolism, sulfur amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and branched chain amino acid metabolism. (cdc.gov)
  • Xenobiotic metabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that chemically modify xenobiotics , which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as drugs and poisons. (bionity.com)
  • The reactions in these pathways are of particular interest in medicine as part of drug metabolism and as a factor contributing to multidrug resistance in infectious diseases and cancer chemotherapy . (bionity.com)
  • These pathways are also important in environmental science, with the xenobiotic metabolism of microorganisms determining whether a pollutant will be broken down during bioremediation , or persist in the environment. (bionity.com)
  • The age-related alteration of collagen-rich extracellular matrix - promoted by oxidative stress - impairs the skin's structural integrity and creates a tissue microenvironment that promotes age-related skin diseases such as poor wound healing and skin cancer. (promocell.com)
  • GeneLink's Skin Health Assessment is a DNA-based test used to genetically predict an individual's risk for a variety of age-associated skin conditions including: premature aging due to excessive oxidative stress, collagen breakdown, photo aging and the skin's ability to tolerate environmental pollutants. (iptoday.com)
  • Previous in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of Aβ contributed to the initiation of AD 8 . (nature.com)
  • The human brain is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress because it accounts for only 2% of body mass but consumes 20% of oxygen 14 . (nature.com)
  • Under anoxic conditions, the predominant double-base lesion is a species in which C8 of guanine is linked to the 5-methyl group of an adjacent 3'-thymine (G[8,5- Me]T). Most of these oxygen-derived species are produced by normal aerobic metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Oxidative stress is a phenomenon that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of oxygen-containing molecules that carry an electrical charge, which can be toxic, and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify them. (mda.org)
  • It appears important to evaluate the impact that gestational pathologies have on HM components and if their presence, as a source of oxidative stress in the mother, influence milk's redox ho. (researchgate.net)
  • Specifically, his mechanistic, hypothesis-driven research focuses on the potential role of protein modification by a reactive metabolite of dopamine metabolism in neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease, i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • In this context, 1 H MRS has allowed the measurements of energy metabolism-related compounds, whose concentrations can vary under different brain activation states. (frontiersin.org)
  • These reactions often act to detoxify poisonous compounds, although in some cases the intermediates in xenobiotic metabolism can themselves be the cause of toxic effects. (bionity.com)
  • A major characteristic of xenobiotic toxic stress is that which exact compounds an organism is exposed to will be largely unpredictable, and may differ widely over time. (bionity.com)
  • [1] The major challenge faced by xenobiotic detoxification systems is that they must therefore be able to remove the almost limitless number of possible xenobiotic compounds from the complex mixture of chemicals involved in normal metabolism . (bionity.com)
  • It is rich in active compounds that support digestion and accelerate metabolism. (ipsnews.net)
  • There is increasing interest in the effect of natural compounds, especially food extracts, on the resident oral microflora, both in terms of their ability to promote the growth of beneficial organisms and by their inhibition of the growth and metabolism of species associated with disease 60 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The differentially expressed oxidative stress genes (DEOSGs) were analyzed by intersection of DEGs and oxidative stress-related genes. (nature.com)
  • Our study identified 9 key genes associated with oxidative stress and immune reaction in AD pathogenesis. (nature.com)
  • The effects of oxidative stress depend upon the size of these changes, with a cell being able to overcome small perturbations and regain its original state. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other effects of increased oxidative stress and ROS production are a decrease in CTGF, TGF-beta, and type I procollagen expression as well as an age-associated chronic progressive increase in the proinflammatory status - this is termed 'inflammaging' (Zuo, 2019). (promocell.com)
  • The different strands within the theme examine the effects of diet, physical activity and stress on both physical and mental health. (ul.ie)
  • This strand has a focus on causes and effects of stress, mental health and well-being. (ul.ie)
  • Collectively, these findings identify mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as the prominent energy-driving force for osteogenesis of skeletal progenitors, governing musculoskeletal integrity. (nih.gov)
  • I am specifically interested in how human-induced environmental stress, such as pollution and nutrition, influences the oxidative stress response and its consequences for individual performance and population dynamics in wild vertebrates. (lu.se)
  • Here, we demonstrate a requirement for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the osteogenic commitment and differentiation of skeletal progenitors. (nih.gov)
  • Brian's current research projects are investigating exercise and nutrient interventions to optimise skeletal muscle and whole-body metabolism in populations across the health and lifespan. (ul.ie)
  • Therefore, the regulation of whole-body metabolism by skeletal muscle contraction and myokine release is of specific interest. (ul.ie)
  • The detoxification of the reactive by-products of normal metabolism cannot achieved by the systems outlined above. (bionity.com)