Metabolic peptide that regulates iron metabolism. Medical search. Frequent questions

hence, the physiological circuits implicated in the regulation of energy metabolism must be able to quickly adjust to changes in either side of the equation. (researchgate.net)
Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
This review discusses the role of adipokines and PPARs with regard to hepatic energy metabolism and progression of NAFLD. (wjgnet.com)
Some bacterial pathogens have been shown to substantially modify their surface components in response to the host immune system and modify their energy metabolism and transport pathways to allow efficient growth within the host. (cdc.gov)
She is viewed nationally and internationally as a leader in the fields of diabetes, obesity, exercise physiology, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. (dukecancerinstitute.org)
The body also needs this vitamin for cell replication, proper energy metabolism, and to create the genetic material in cells known as DNA and RNA. (24k-chocolate.com)

Many metabolically relevant secreted proteins (e.g. adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and RBP) and the signaling pathways they regulate in tissues are known to be dysregulated in the condition of obesity. (wikipedia.org)
In this review, we introduce mass spectrometry-based analytical methods contributing to recent discovery of various metabolic pathways regulating ferroptosis, focusing on cysteine metabolism, antioxidant metabolism, and poly-unsaturated fatty acid metabolism. (bmbreports.org)
Since the discovery of ferroptosis ( 1 ), many ferroptosis-related metabolic alterations have been studied, suggesting possible intertwinement of diverse metabolic pathways in ferroptosis induction. (bmbreports.org)
The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, each step being facilitated by a specific enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways among vastly different species. (wikipedia.org)
These similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention is likely due to their efficacy. (wikipedia.org)
High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
To address this, we use an integrated set of omics tools coupled with new informatics approaches to identify and characterize core metabolic pathways in model syntrophic communities when growing on unstudied or poorly studied classes of substrates ( i.e. , amino acids, carboxylates, and long chain fatty acids). (ucla.edu)
At the cellular level, we have limited understanding of central metabolic pathways, electron transfer reactions and physiological interactions that occur among syntrophic partners. (ucla.edu)
The differentially expressed genes included those functioning in some important immune reaction and iron metabolism pathways, such as pattern recognition receptors, regulators of the JNK pathway, components of the phagosome pathway, regulators of the melanization response, activators of complement reactions, insulin signaling cascade members, oxidative stress and detoxification proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
During iron starvation, HapX represses iron-consuming pathways, including heme biosynthesis and respiration, to spare iron and activates synthesis of ribotoxin AspF1 and siderophores, the latter partly by ensuring supply of the precursor, ornithine. (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of NAMPT affects ALK + ALCL cells expression of numerous genes, many from the cell-signaling, metabolic, and apoptotic pathways. (bvsalud.org)
Genetic, environmental, behavioral and dietary factors influence the pathways that regulate aging and life expectancy, thus rendering longevity a very complex phenomenon. (iospress.com)
Finally, it will describe the impact of different dietary restrictions in modulating the genetic pathways that regulate metabolism and aging. (iospress.com)

Ferroptosis is well characterized by an iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides and disruption of cellular membrane integrity. (bmbreports.org)
Centrilobular localization of steatosis results from decreased energy stores caused by relative hypoxia and a shift in lipid metabolism, along with a shift in the redox reaction as a result of preferential oxidation of alcohol in the central zone. (medscape.com)
Therefore, it is becoming more and more popular to adjust the obesity and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism by eating dietary fiber. (ijpsonline.com)
Dr. Nadja Lehwald-Tywuschik from the University Hospital Düsseldorf with the project "Wnt / β-catenin signaling regulate lipid metabolism in the steatotic liver" for a research stay at Stanford University, Department of Surgery, Stanford, CA, USA. (uni-ulm.de)
START domain-containing proteins (STARDs) are responsible for lipid metabolism. (medsci.org)
Chromium regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. (redefinegrp.com)
Genetic elimination of the fibrinogen-binding motif to CD11b in Alzheimer's disease mice reduced microglial lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative signatures that were shared with autoimmune-driven neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis mice. (nature.com)

Skeletal muscle secreted ERFE has been shown to maintain systemic metabolic homeostasis. (wikipedia.org)
Among the peripheral signals that are generated to regulate the uptake of food, signals from adipose tissue are of major relevance and involve the maintenance of energy homeostasis through processes such as lipogenesis, lipolysis, and oxidation of fatty acids. (wjgnet.com)
We seek to understand the dynamics of essential trace-metal - copper, zinc, iron, manganese - metabolism and homeostasis in the reference green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using state of the art methods including classical genetics, transcriptomics and proteomics, elemental analysis and high-resolution metal imaging. (berkeley.edu)
Alessa Wagner from the University of Ulm with the project "Glucocorticoid treatment in mice disrupts liver iron homeostasis" for a research stay at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Gen-Zentrum. (uni-ulm.de)
The identification and functional characterization of 24 genes that are involved in iron homeostasis in A. fumigatus and/or Aspergillus nidulans , respectively, revealed significant insights into iron metabolism and its regulation (Table 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
This review summarizes the current knowledge on iron homeostasis and its role in virulence in Aspergillus spp. (frontiersin.org)
Proteins that regulate cellular and organismal iron homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)

Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain joined by peptide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
This may be related to mitochondrial proteins that regulate apoptosis and necrosis and that are shown to be induced in mouse fatty liver models. (medscape.com)
Our method allows for the identification of the proteins, identification of redox-sensitive cysteines within proteins, and quantification of the redox status of individual cysteine-containing peptides. (hindawi.com)
In proteins where cysteine is not within the active site, activity can be modulated by changing conformation or by influencing its regulatory role, for example, iron sulfur complexes (ISCs) in aconitase possess cysteines required for its activity [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Allosterically regulated proteins that require an activator are sometimes based on a thiol exchange interaction involving cysteines, for example, pyruvate kinase uses fructose bisphosphate (FBPs) as a heterotrophic activator and it contains a cysteine in its FBP binding site [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
For instance, when faced with Fe deficiency, an organism can reduce its inventory of iron-containing proteins by replacing them with iron-independent catalysts. (berkeley.edu)
The anaerobic decomposition of plant and animal polymers including polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids to CO 2 , H 2 O and methane requires syntrophic metabolism as an essential step. (ucla.edu)
It binds on the DNA, exerting an effect on DNA to regulate the synthesis of proteins regulated by DNA. (cdc.gov)
The action of hormones are transduced by regulating the synthesis of proteins (5% of proteins in the body are regulated by thyroid hormone). (cdc.gov)
These proteins regulate growth and development. (cdc.gov)
The basic building blocks of peptides and proteins. (lanikaibathandbody.com)
Transferrin receptor tein and by a strong activation of iron responsive element (IRE) binding activity of the iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) which are the typical indices of cellular iron de¢ciency. (healthdrugpdf.com)
Significant changes in gene expression of proteins that mediate oxidative metabolism, such as cytochrome d ubiquinol oxidase-encoding genes, cydA and cydB , were detected. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These readily undergo iron-catalyzed secondary free radical reactions leading to truncated products which retain the signature PE headgroup and which can readily react with nucleophilic moieties in proteins via their truncated electrophilic acyl chains. (cdc.gov)

Obese individuals are at high risk for the development of metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). (benthamscience.com)
The goal of therapy in patients with iron overload disorders is to remove the iron before it can produce irreversible parenchymal damage. (medscape.com)
Some studies have demonstrated that early inulin intervention in High Dietary (HD) fed mouse can reduce the glucose metabolism disorders and gut dysbiosis in the offspring[ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
On the other hand, iron overload disorders constitute an increasing public health problem. (uni-ulm.de)
Genetic data in mice and patients demonstrated that a relative deficiency of iron-hormone hepcidin underlies Hfe-HH disorders. (uni-ulm.de)
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. (sdu.dk)
The recently discovered iron regulatory peptide hormone hepcidin holds promise as a novel biomarker in iron metabolism disorders. (haematologica.org)
Hepcidin plays a central role in iron metabolism, and could become a useful biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of iron disorders. (haematologica.org)
Her laboratory investigates mechanisms of metabolic regulation, with emphasis on molecular events that link lifestyle factors such as over nutrition and physical inactivity to metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and heart failure. (dukecancerinstitute.org)

Our) results suggest that myonectin is a nutrient-responsive metabolic regulator secreted by skeletal muscle in response to changes in cellular energy state resulting from glucose or fatty acid fluxes. (wikipedia.org)
Its application by either the central or peripheral process increases appetite, food intake, adiposity and glucose metabolism [2, 3] . (researchgate.net)
Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
We are naturally in ketosis during sleep, fasting and exercise as the body and brain have become accustomed to metabolic flexibility, shifting between glucose and ketones as fuel sources when the need arises. (hoffmancentre.com)

Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy and will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymes act as catalysts - they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly - and they also allow the regulation of the rate of a metabolic reaction, for example in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells. (wikipedia.org)
The thyroid hormone regulates energy and fat metabolism and protein synthesis by regulating different enzymes that are involved in those processes. (cdc.gov)
Enzymes are critical to digestion and metabolism, they are required to release nutrients from foods so they can be absorbed and utilized by the body. (bartleby.com)
Enzymes also keep the body's metabolic 'machinery' running smoothly. (bartleby.com)

Thus low levels of hepcidin, present in Hfe-HH, signal for increased iron uptake from the diet via enterocytes, iron release from macrophages into the circulation and deposition of the excess of iron in parenchymal cells causing multiple organ damage and failure. (uni-ulm.de)
It regulates the serum cholesterol level by influencing the level of cholesterol uptake into cells. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, fungi evolved fine-tuned mechanisms for uptake and storage of iron, such as the production of siderophores (low-molecular mass iron-specific chelators). (frontiersin.org)
During iron sufficiency, SreA represses iron uptake, including reductive iron assimilation and siderophore-mediated iron uptake, to avoid toxic effects. (frontiersin.org)
The overexpressed HFE immunoprecipitated to- [16], and reduces cellular iron uptake [17,18]. (healthdrugpdf.com)
The expression of genes encoding formate uptake transporter (PG0209) and formate tetrahydrofolate ligase ( fhs ) was drastically elevated, which indicates that formate metabolism plays a major role under aerobic conditions. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In addition, metal transport was affected, and while iron-uptake genes such as the genes encoding the haemin uptake locus ( hmu ) were downregulated, expression of manganese transporter genes, such as feoB2 , was elevated in the presence of oxygen. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Recent advances in analytical techniques of mass spectrometry have allowed high-throughput analysis of metabolites known to be critical for understanding ferroptosis regulatory metabolism. (bmbreports.org)
Modern mass spectrometry based analytical techniques play a crucial role in the discovery of metabolic alteration regulating ferroptosis by extensive analysis of metabolites such as the sulfhydryl residue containing cysteine metabolites, RTAs, and membrane phospholipids. (bmbreports.org)

By suppressing hepcidin, ERFE increases the function of the cellular iron export channel, ferroportin. (wikipedia.org)
Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. (degruyter.com)
Thus, mitochondrial adaptive cellular processes are important for physiological responses, including to nutrient availability, temperature and physical activity, and their failure leads to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction such as metabolic and age-associated diseases and cancer. (nature.com)
As mono or diiron center as well as incorporated into heme or iron-sulfur clusters, this metal is an indispensable cofactor for a variety of cellular processes including electron transport, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of DNA and sterols. (frontiersin.org)
These indices of in the endoplasmic reticulum/cis-Golgi compartment soon cellular iron deficiency were reversed by iron supplementation after synthesis, it stabilizes HFE protein from degradation complexes. (healthdrugpdf.com)
The pH-dependent association with TfR appears a major in non-transferrin iron incorporation from 55Fe-NTA, evident and important linkage of HFE with cellular iron metabolism, after prolonged, 18 h, incubations. (healthdrugpdf.com)
The findings indicate that but its physiological role in the regulation of body iron ab- HFE binding to transferrin receptor reduces cellular iron sorption and tissue distribution is unclear. (healthdrugpdf.com)
availability and regulates the balance between transferrin- We describe the production of a HeLa cell clone expressing mediated and non-transferrin-mediated cellular iron incorpora- HFE under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. (healthdrugpdf.com)

Through the cgeneration of novel conditional Hfe knock-out lines (for example in hematopoietic tissues) and respective cells, we will examine how impaired extra-hepatic Hfe functions cause cell/tissue/organ-specific iron imbalances and possibly identify novel, so far unrecognised, features of Hfe beyond the regulation of iron metabolism. (uni-ulm.de)
Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)

This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
Genes required for degradation of and growth on the carbon source pectin were down-regulated, whereas transcripts involved in redox processes were up-regulated. (frontiersin.org)

In addition, STARD12/14 could regulate the ferroptosis related genes. (medsci.org)

Our recent studies classified Hfe-hemochromatosis as a liver disease since the lack of Hfe in hepatocytes associated with impaired production of the liver iron hormone hepcidin, as observed in constitutive Hfe deficiency. (uni-ulm.de)

In addition, dietary fiber can be fermented by gut microbes into Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), which have beneficial effects on the gut barrier and can mitigate obesity by regulating the endocrine activity[ 8 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

Advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of alcoholic steatosis have provided some useful insights, including the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, which is crucial for the regulation of hepatic fatty acid metabolism. (medscape.com)
CT scanning is neither sensitive nor specific for the detection of mild hepatic iron overload. (medscape.com)

Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) performs a vital role in regulating metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress. (mdpi.com)
The complex intertwining of iron metabolism and oxidative stress is emphasized by the iron-dependence of detoxification of oxidative stress as, e.g., catalases and peroxidases require heme as cofactor. (frontiersin.org)

Erythroferrone is produced by erythroblasts, inhibits the production of hepcidin in the liver, and so increases the amount of iron available for hemoglobin synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
This then results in increased iron absorption from the intestine and mobilization of iron from stores, which can then be used in the synthesis of hemoglobin in new red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)

Serum leptin, a cytokine-type peptide hormone mainly produced by adipocytes, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of steatosis. (medscape.com)

Erythroferrone is a hormone that regulates iron metabolism through its actions on hepcidin. (wikipedia.org)
Hepcidin is a liver-derived peptide that oversees systemic iron changes by determining iron absorption and iron release from the cells through binding to its receptor, the iron-export protein ferroportin. (uni-ulm.de)
Synthetic hepcidin-25 (Peptide Institute Inc., Osaka, Japan, net hepcidin peptide weight is precisely determined by amino acid analysis after acid hydrolysis) was added to a final concentration of 13.1 nmol/mmol creatinine to a urine sample that by SELDI-TOF MS 7 was found to have a hepcidin concentration below the lower limit of detection of 0.5 nmol/L (sample 5). (haematologica.org)

As these molecules are vital for life, metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues, or on breaking them down and using them to obtain energy, by their digestion. (wikipedia.org)

Capsaicin and dietary fiber are effective natural food ingredients to control the obesity and metabolic diseases. (ijpsonline.com)
Dietary fiber is one of the functional ingredients which has beneficial effects on obesity-related metabolic diseases. (ijpsonline.com)

Because the environment encountered within a living host will be quite different from the external environment, pathogens must be able to regulate the necessary genes in coordination as they move from the environment to the host and from one host niche to another. (cdc.gov)
All of the virulence-associated genes are transcriptionally upregulated during iron starvation and encode functions that are important for survival during iron starvation, which emphasizes the crucial role of adaptation to iron starvation in virulence. (frontiersin.org)

Advances in sequencing technology and computational methods are giving us a breadth of genomic data that can be used to understand the breadth of metabolism in this important group in the microbial world. (berkeley.edu)
Using coordinated molecular and bioinformatic approaches we examine metabolism of model microbial communities to better understand the processes that drive anaerobic carbon recycling in nature. (ucla.edu)
The ubiquity of syntrophic metabolism in many anoxic environments emphasizes that metabolic cooperation among microbial species is essential for the anaerobic conversion of organic matter in nature. (ucla.edu)

Conclusions In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that plasma ghrelin level increases and leptin level decreases and growth accelerates because of an increase in appetite and daily calories, carbohydrate and protein amount in children with nutritional iron deficiency anemia after iron therapy. (researchgate.net)
Organisms use metals like copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, which have multiple stable oxidation states, for reducing nitrogen gas to ammonium, for using light to convert carbon-dioxide and water to carbohydrate, and for extracting energy from inorganic or organic chemicals to sustain life. (berkeley.edu)

Ferroptosis is an iron dependent form of cell death, that is triggered by the discoordination of iron, lipids, and thiols. (cdc.gov)

Disruption of syntrophic metabolism significantly impacts organic matter turnover in natural and anthropogenic environments: short-chain fatty acids accumulate, the pH drops, and methane production decreases. (ucla.edu)

Most patients are asymptomatic and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. (medscape.com)

Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)

A role in the recovery from the anemia of inflammation in mice has been shown and involvement in inherited anemias with ineffective erythropoiesis, anemia of chronic kidney diseases and iron-refractory iron-deficiency anemia has been suggested. (wikipedia.org)

Metabolic reprogramming plays an important role in tumor progression and antitumor immunity. (medsci.org)

Many processes of syntrophic metabolism are not well understood, and this impacts the ability to predict and model their metabolism and roles in carbon recycling in nature. (ucla.edu)

The achievement, at a global level, of a "healthy aging phenotype" defined as "the condition of being alive, while having highly preserved functioning metabolic, hormonal and neuroendocrine control systems at the organ, tissue and molecular levels" [ 10 ], is the most ambitious objective that modern science should achieve. (iospress.com)

In V3^4-fold increase in transferrin receptor, and a V2-fold transfected cells an association between HFE and TfR occurs increase in iron regulatory protein activity. (healthdrugpdf.com)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of iron therapy on appetite, growth and plasma ghrelin and leptin levels in children aged between 12 and 24 months with isolated nutritional iron deficiency anemia. (researchgate.net)
The increase in appetite and acceleration on growth in iron deficiency anemia might result from decreased leptin and increased plasma ghrelin levels. (researchgate.net)

The condition most commonly associated with fatty liver disease is metabolic syndrome. (medscape.com)
E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)

For Chlamydomonas, we use highly synchronized cultures in flat panel bioreactors to generate multi-layered genome-wide datasets anchored to physiology to dissect daily metabolic rhythms and patterns. (berkeley.edu)
Limited genomic sequencing is planned for other poorly characterized syntrophic strains to further dissect and predict their metabolic potential along with associated cell-cell interactions within the anaerobic communities. (ucla.edu)

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) owing to the mutation in an old Celtic gene, Hfe (an atypical MHC class I molecule), is the most prevalent genetic iron overload disorder in the Western countries. (uni-ulm.de)
This heterogeneity of NAFLD is in turn influenced by various factors primarily demographic/dietary factors, metabolic status, gut microbiome, genetic predisposition together with epigenetic factors. (wjgnet.com)

Metabolism (/məˈtæbəlɪzəm/, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. (wikipedia.org)
The word metabolism can also refer to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transportation of substances into and between different cells, in which case the above described set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary (or intermediate) metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
The basal metabolic rate of an organism is the measure of the amount of energy consumed by all of these chemical reactions. (wikipedia.org)
The transmission of drug-resistant parasites by the mosquito may be influenced by the altered biological fitness of drug-resistant parasites and different immune reactions or metabolic change in the mosquito. (biomedcentral.com)

Supports glycogen and nitrogen metabolism. (24k-chocolate.com)

An L,L-diaminopimelate aminotransferase mutation leads to metabolic shifts and growth inhibition in Arabidopsis. (uni-bielefeld.de)

Much evidence has shown that Cyst(e)ine metabolism plays a crucial role in ferroptosis prevention. (bmbreports.org)
Deficiency in HapX, but not SreA, attenuates virulence of A. fumigatus in a murine model of aspergillosis, which underlines the crucial role of adaptation to iron limitation in virulence. (frontiersin.org)
The Role of Persulfide Metabolism During Arabidopsis Seed Development Under Light and Dark Conditions. (uni-bielefeld.de)
They play an important biological role by maintaining iron levels that are adequate for metabolic need, but below the toxicity threshold. (bvsalud.org)

Thus, it can modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, which might potentially enhance the health of the host organism[ 5 , 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Her team is integrating this new platform with metabolomics, proteomics, and metabolic flux analysis to gain insights into mechanisms by which mitochondria modulate insulin action and metabolic resilience. (dukecancerinstitute.org)

Results of the study suggested that selenium nutritional status is connected to metabolic risk factors in obese individuals. (redefinegrp.com)

Hemochromatosis is the abnormal accumulation of iron in parenchymal organs, leading to organ toxicity. (medscape.com)
To ensure iron supply but to avoid iron toxicity, all organisms evolved sophisticated mechanisms to balance acquisition, storage, and consumption of iron. (frontiersin.org)

The possible reasons for the transmission of drug-resistant parasites by the mosquito may come from drug-resistant parasites with altered biological fitness [ 4 ] and mosquitoes with different effective immune clearance or metabolic changes against drug-resistant parasites. (biomedcentral.com)

[ 1 ] Tripodi et al reported that in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a procoagulant imbalance progresses from steatosis to metabolic cirrhosis, which may be caused by an increase in factor VIII and a reduction of protein C. (medscape.com)

The control over access to iron is one of the central battlefields during infection as pathogens have to "steal" the iron from the host. (frontiersin.org)

Helps regulate the digestive system and increases energy through proper utilization of food. (24k-chocolate.com)

Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is morphologically, biochemically, and genetically distinct from other forms of regulated cell death. (bmbreports.org)
Nevertheless, iron excess has the potential to catalyze the formation of cell-damaging reactive oxygen species ( Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1984 ). (frontiersin.org)

The reduction in expression and circulating levels of myonectin in the obese state may represent yet another component of the complex metabolic circuitry dysregulated by excess caloric intake. (wikipedia.org)
Once diagnosed, hemochromatosis is treated by phlebotomy to rid the body of excess iron and to maintain normal iron stores. (medscape.com)
Whereas the phlebotomy is the most common treatment for HH and may reverse liver complications, for most of other organs removal of excess iron has little effect. (uni-ulm.de)
Iron is an essential but, in excess, toxic nutrient. (frontiersin.org)

It regulates the receptor for cholesterol, takes it out of the blood stream and puts it into the cells. (cdc.gov)

Background It is known that iron deficiency anemia effects appetite and growth negatively. (researchgate.net)
Methods Iron deficiency anemia was diagnosed by clinic and laboratory findings. (researchgate.net)
Yet over four billion people worldwide suffer from iron deficiency, half of them display iron-deficiency anemia. (uni-ulm.de)
Patients suffering from iron deficiency anemia receive oral iron supplements as a treatment. (redefinegrp.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms13

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs114

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Energy metabolism6

Pathways14

Lipid7

Homeostasis7

Proteins15

Disorders9

Glucose4

Enzymes5

Uptake7

Mass spectrometry2

Cellular8

Regulation of iron metabolism2

Redox3

Ferroptosis-related1

Hormone hepcidin1

Endocrine1

Hepatic2

Oxidative stress2

Synthesis2

Adipocytes1

Hepcidin3

Molecules1

Obesity2

Genes2

Microbial3

Carbohydrate2

Lipids1

Disruption1

Serum1

Undergo1

Diseases1

Progression1

Carbon1

Hormonal1

Regulatory1

Leptin2

Syndrome2

Dissect2

Genetic2

Reactions4

Nitrogen1

Inhibition1

Role4

Modulate2

Nutritional1

Toxicity2

Immune1

NAFLD1

Pathogens1

Increases1

Cell2

Excess4

Receptor1

Deficiency anemia4