Metabolic fatty acid synthase type i. Medical search. Frequent questions

The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, each step being facilitated by a specific enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways among vastly different species. (wikipedia.org)
These similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention is likely due to their efficacy. (wikipedia.org)
The molecule is also of interest from a metabolic perspective because it represents a new structural class of antibiotic and suggests a crossover between polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide biosynthetic pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Sponge symbionts are a largely unexplored source of new and unusual metabolic pathways. (cirn-na.com)
Importantly, activation of fatty acid oxidation and consequent downregulation of stress-response signaling pathways may be key adaptation mechanisms that mediate the effects of FASN on cancer cell survival and metastasis, providing a strong rationale for targeting this pathway in advanced CRC. (uky.edu)
By analyzing the expression of specific genes involved in the synthesis, transport, and storage of fat, as well as other metabolic pathways, it may be possible to assess the potential metabolic consequences of feed restriction and other management practices on growth, body composition and performance of broiler breeders. (usda.gov)
These studies indicate that several enzymes within metabolic pathways that regulate fatty acid metabolism may serve as targets for pharmacological interventions for obesity. (eurekaselect.com)
Metabolic disorders are rare inherited disorders in which pathways that produce certain biochemicals malfunction. (nsu.govt.nz)
Here, transcriptome analysis and fatty acid profiling from developing V. galamensis seeds were integrated to uncover the critical metabolic pathways responsible for high EFA accumulation and identify the targets that could be used in assembly of EFA biosynthesis pathway in existing oilseed crops. (researchsquare.com)
Functional annotation resulted in the identification of almost all genes involved in diverse lipid-metabolic pathways, including the novel fatty acid desaturase/epoxygenase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 and 2, and phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases. (researchsquare.com)
While the metabolic pathways involved in fatty acid homeostasis are quite well understood and referenced, the genetic regulations are much less accurately described. (123dok.net)
IBS is characterized by a multi-omics microbial signature indicating increased capacity to utilize fermentable carbohydrates-consistent with the clinical benefit of diets restricting this energy source-that also includes multiple previously unrecognized metabolites and metabolic pathways. (biomedcentral.com)

Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a key enzyme of hepatic DNL, is upregulated in association with insulin resistance. (bvsalud.org)
However, the therapeutic potential of targeting FASN in hepatocytes for obesity-associated metabolic diseases is unknown. (bvsalud.org)
The beneficial effects of hepatic FASN deficiency on NAFLD and glucose metabolism were associated with suppression of DNL and attenuation of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Fatty acid synthases (FASN) are homodimers and multifunctional enzymes that catalyze palmitate biosynthesis in NADPH dependent reactions. (cancer-research-network.com)
FASN plays an important role in tumor cell biology and therapeutic response of various cancer types. (cancer-research-network.com)
In fatty acid synthesis, FASN consumes NADPH, acetyl coenzyme A and malonyl coenzyme A. The consumption of these substrates and the production of fatty acids contribute to constantly changing metabolic state required for tumor cell growth and survival. (cancer-research-network.com)
Meanwhile, selective FASN inhibition can achieve the desired antitumor effect without causing rapid weight loss associated with fatty acid oxidation activation. (cancer-research-network.com)
TVB-3166 is an orally-available, reversible, and selective fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor with IC 50 s of 42 nM and 81 nM for FASN and cellular palmitate synthesis, respectively. (cancer-research-network.com)
Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a lipogenic enzyme, is upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC). (uky.edu)
Results from Immune blot analysis showed significant decreases (greater than 50%) in the expression of G0-G1 Switch 2 (G0S2), a negative regulator of the lipolytic enzyme, Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in older NHFs, whereas no significant difference was observed in the protein levels of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and ATGL or its co-activator Comparative Gene Identification-58 (CGI-58). (kansascity.edu)
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a central regulator of lipid metabolism. (immune-system-research.com)
FASN provides the fatty acids needed to sustain tumor growth, as a potential target for human malignant tumors. (immune-system-research.com)
The impaired therapeutic response to DTIC in obese state is mediated by fatty acid synthase (FASN), caveolin-1 (Cav-1), and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). (sciencecentral.in)

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. (lookformedical.com)
A fatty acid coenzyme derivative which plays a key role in fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis. (lookformedical.com)
We demonstrate that endogenously synthesized lipids fuel fatty acid oxidation, particularly during metabolic stress, and maintain energy homeostasis. (uky.edu)
By comparison, we found that various genes associated with acyl editing, fatty acid β-oxidation, triacylglycerol assembly and oil-body formation had greater expression levels at middle developmental stage (38 DAP), which are consistent with the fast accumulation of EFA in V. galamensis developing seed, implying their fundamental roles in EFA production. (researchsquare.com)
The pathogenesis of Reye syndrome, while not precisely elucidated, appears to involve mitochondrial injury resulting in dysfunction that disrupts oxidative phosphorylation and fatty-acid beta-oxidation in a virus-infected, sensitized host potentially with an underlying occult inborn error of fatty acid oxidation, urea cycle or mitochondrial disorder. (medscape.com)
The pathogenesis of Reye syndrome, while not precisely elucidated, appears to involve mitochondrial injury resulting in dysfunction that inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and fatty-acid beta-oxidation in a virus-infected, sensitized host. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, in vitro studies have demonstrated that salicylates decrease beta-oxidation of the long-chain fatty acid palmitate by cultured fibroblasts from children who recovered from Reye syndrome as compared with control subjects. (medscape.com)

The genes responsible for the production of zwittermicin A are located on a 16 kb cluster containing nine orfs and a self resistant gene zmaR, a gene that encodes an acylation enzyme that deactivate zwittermicin A. The hybrid synthase used in zwittermicin A production utilizes modified extender units such as hydroxymalonyl-ACP, aminomalonyl-ACP and 2,3-diaminopropionate. (wikipedia.org)
This enzyme helps break down certain protein building blocks (amino acids), fat building blocks (fatty acids), and cholesterol. (medlineplus.gov)
MeCbl is also a cofactor, but for an enzyme known as methionine synthase. (medlineplus.gov)
This enzyme converts the amino acid homocysteine to another amino acid, methionine. (medlineplus.gov)
IDI2 determines isoprene production as only DMAPP sources isoprene and unlike plants, humans lack isoprene synthase and its enzyme homologue. (nature.com)
Expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malic enzyme (ME), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and stearoyl-CoA (?9) desaturase 1 (SCD1) genes in ad lib birds declined from their highest levels just prior to photo-stimulation to reduced levels as the birds came into and maintained egg production. (usda.gov)
eg PKU - without this enzyme an amino acid (called phenylalanine) rises to harmful levels and can lead to developmental delay. (nsu.govt.nz)
Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a metabolic enzyme. (immune-system-research.com)

Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
Currently, a detailed transcriptomic and genomic analysis of fatty acid metabolism subtypes is still missing, and the consequences must be properly assessed. (frontiersin.org)
They are accompanied with a range of metabolic and endocrine abnormalities involved in the pathophysiology of pancreatic cancer, including fatty acid metabolism disorder, insulin resistance, inflammatory processes, and disorders in hormonal changes and pancreatic steatosis. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, this topic encourages novel research on the many facets of fatty acid metabolism and their effects on pancreatic cancer and other associated ailments. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, innovations pertaining to the Sustainable Development Goals and potential impacts of fatty acid metabolism subtypes are of specific importance, so long as they highlight general or distinct efforts and identify current gaps in the health impacts of various diseases such as pancreatic cancer and obesity, as well as strategies for addressing them. (frontiersin.org)
It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism. (lookformedical.com)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
Cytochrome p450-dependent metabolism of ω-6 and ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. (springer.com)
Wild-type IDI1 and cholesterol metabolism related serological parameters are normal in all adults. (nature.com)
Lipid metabolism.fatty acid synthesis.plastidial Type II. (ntu.edu.sg)
Community-level differences in functional potential were driven by enrichment of genes associated with carbon and nitrogen fixation in non-disinfected systems and γ-aminobutyrate metabolism in disinfected systems likely associated with the recycling of amino acids. (biomedcentral.com)
RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of primary cultures of Normal Human Fibroblasts (NHFs) from healthy donors of different ages (3 d - 70 y) ranked lipid metabolism as the number one metabolic process that is significantly altered during aging. (kansascity.edu)
Disorders of fat metabolism result in the unavailability of free fatty acids and ketones as alternative fuels. (medscape.com)
Fatty acid metabolism plays a central role in energy homeostasis and related disorders such as the metabolic syndrome, obesity or type-II diabetes. (123dok.net)
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), also known as glycocyamine or guanidinoacetate, is an essential compound involved in cellular energy metabolism [ 1 ]. (animbiosci.org)
Diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) demonstrated shifts in the metatranscriptome and metabolome including increased bile acids, polyamines, succinate pathway intermediates (malate, fumarate), and transcripts involved in fructose, mannose, and polyol metabolism compared to constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). A classifier incorporating metabolites and gene-normalized transcripts differentiated IBS-D from IBS-C with high accuracy (AUC 0.86). (biomedcentral.com)
The effect of SIRT1 on integration of metabolism and inflammation may provide a therapeutic target for treatment of kidney disease and fatty liver disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Biochemical genetic testing and newborn screening are essential laboratory services for the screening, detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of inborn errors of metabolism or inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)

In a pilot randomized controlled trial of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and MET, whose participants were characterized by different components of metabolic syndrome, we tested the effect of MET on serum levels of B 12 , holo transcobalamin II (holo-TC-II), and methylmalonic acid (MMA). (mdpi.com)
In U. N. DAs (Ed.), Metabolic syndrome pathophysiology: the role of essential fatty acids (pp. 181-200). (springer.com)
We support the concept that elevated glucose and fatty acids synergize in causing toxicity in islets and other organs, a process that may be instrumental in the pleiotropic defects associated with the metabolic syndrome and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Insulin resistance is a major feature of the metabolic syndrome. (isciii.es)
The hyperinsulinemic state induces several abnormalities in the liver, endothelium, and kidneys, and is the main feature in the metabolic syndrome. (isciii.es)
Thus, insulin concentrations are usually high early in type-2 diabetes, but have also been seen in many subjects who are not obese or diabetic, but who have other metabolic syndrome components such as hypertriglyceridemia or arterial hypertension (1). (isciii.es)
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
Reye syndrome is characterized by acute noninflammatory encephalopathy and fatty degenerative liver failure. (medscape.com)
Influenza virus types A and B and varicella-zoster virus are the pathogens most commonly associated with Reye syndrome. (medscape.com)
Pessoa et al reported the case of a 7-year-old child with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19, who was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and acetylsalicylic acid and subsequently developed Reye syndrome. (medscape.com)
2] Some have postulated that salicylates stimulate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) because of the findings of iNOS stimulation in African children with fatal malaria, a disease that causes symptoms similar to those of Reye syndrome and is often treated with aspirin. (medscape.com)

Enzymes act as catalysts - they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly - and they also allow the regulation of the rate of a metabolic reaction, for example in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, many of the genes in the biosynthetic cluster encode for enzymes responsible for the synthesis of these extender units used in the hybrid synthase. (wikipedia.org)
Because both of these cofactors are missing, the enzymes that require them (methylmalonyl CoA mutase and methionine synthase) do not function normally. (medlineplus.gov)
These enzymes are found in a variety of biosynthetic contexts, which include fatty-acid activating enzymes, type I or type III polyketide synthases, dialkylresorcinol-generating enzymes, monooxygenases or Rieske proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Our study also reveals that dimetal-carboxylate halogenases are among the most abundant types of halogenating enzymes in the phylum Cyanobacteria. (biomedcentral.com)

Polyketide genes in the marine sponge Plakortis simplex: a new group of mono-modular type I polyketide synthases from sponge symbionts. (cirn-na.com)

or anabolic - the building up (synthesis) of compounds (such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids). (wikipedia.org)
A coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in the fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasmic and microsomal systems. (lookformedical.com)
Hypoglycemia associated with elevated insulin levels makes certain disorders unlikely, such as defects in gluconeogenesis, free fatty acid synthesis and ketogenesis, growth hormone deficiency, and cortisol deficiency. (medscape.com)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes are interacting comorbidities of obesity, and increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), driven by hyperinsulinemia and carbohydrate overload, contributes to their pathogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Hepatic expression of fatty acid binding protein (FABP), very low density apolipoprotein II (ApoVLDL-II) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) genes increased in both ad lib and restricted breeders following photo-stimulation, whereas apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) gene expression declined in both groups. (usda.gov)
Hepatic steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hepatocyte ballooning in the liver and increased hepatic mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase were observed in the MSG-treated mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Exercise-induced upregulation of SIRT1 attenuates inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, thereby alleviating the progression of diabetic nephropathy and hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. (biomedcentral.com)

Obesity and its attendant disorders, such as Type 2 diabetes, have reached epidemic proportions globally. (eurekaselect.com)
The Newborn Metabolic Screening Programme currently screens for 24 metabolic disorders. (nsu.govt.nz)
Metabolic disorders are rare and are usually inherited from one or both parents. (nsu.govt.nz)
What are metabolic disorders? (nsu.govt.nz)
Increasingly, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is being used for newborn screening because this laboratory testing technology substantially increases the number of metabolic disorders that can be detected from dried blood-spot specimens. (cdc.gov)
These recommendations are intended for laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing to improve the quality of laboratory services and for newborn screening laboratories to ensure the quality of laboratory practices for inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)
A positive family history of metabolic disorders. (who.int)

Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency porphyria (ADP), congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), and hepatoerythropoietic porphyria (HEP) are autosomal recessive. (medscape.com)

Most frequently the process consists of the reaction of an acid with an alcohol in the presence of a trace of mineral acid as catalyst or the reaction of an acyl chloride with an alcohol. (lookformedical.com)
Activation of the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain of the SwfA protein to its holo-form by co-expression with Svp is the first functional proof of swf type genes in marine sponges. (cirn-na.com)
2010). Vertebrate fatty acyl desaturase with Δ4 activity. (springer.com)

Most of the structures that make up animals, plants and microbes are made from four basic classes of molecules: amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleic acid and lipids (often called fats). (wikipedia.org)
Lipids are the polymers of fatty acids[citation needed] that contain a long, non-polar hydrocarbon chain with a small polar region containing oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. (lookformedical.com)
Covalent attachment of LIPIDS and FATTY ACIDS to other compounds and PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
A group of compounds that are derivatives of octadecanoic acid which is one of the most abundant fatty acids found in animal lipids. (lookformedical.com)

Humans continuously exhale isoprene and exhaled concentrations differ under various physio-metabolic and pathophysiological conditions. (nature.com)
differences/dynamics in its exhaled alveolar concentrations are well reported as potential markers for various physiological, metabolic, and pathophysiological effects. (nature.com)
β-Cells possess inherent mechanisms to adapt to overnutrition and the prevailing concentrations of glucose, fatty acids, and other fuels to maintain glucose homeostasis. (diabetesjournals.org)
Both glucose and fatty acids may cause good/adaptive or evil/toxic actions on the β-cell, depending on their concentrations and the time during which they are elevated. (diabetesjournals.org)
FOS increased not only the fecal concentrations of n-butyric acid (0.04 ± 0.01 vs. 0.38 ± 0.14 mg/g, P = 0.02), propionic acid (0.09 ± 0.03 vs. 0.42 ± 0.16 mg/g, P = 0.02), and acetic acid (0.65 ± 0.16 vs. 1.48 ± 0.29 mg/g, P = 0.03) but also the serum concentration of propionic acid (3.9 ± 0.5 vs. 8.2 ± 0.5 μmol/L, P = 0.001). (biomedcentral.com)

Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain joined by peptide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Importantly, the amino acid diversity of EMAs is distributed throughout the length of the proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Salts and esters of the 16-carbon saturated monocarboxylic acid--palmitic acid. (lookformedical.com)

This is done by tethering the amino acid to a peptidal carrier protein via a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. (wikipedia.org)
Dietary fatty acids and membrane protein function. (springer.com)
We review studies that support the use of modulators of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) to influence known energy sensors such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to affect food intake and energy consumption. (eurekaselect.com)
Exercise increased citrate synthase and mitochondrial complex I activity, subunits of mitochondrial complexes (I, II, and V) and PGC1α at protein level in kidney of db/db + Ex mice compared with non-exercise db/db mice. (biomedcentral.com)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

Using tandem mass spectrometry for metabolic disease screening among newborns: a report of a work group. (cdc.gov)

a glycerol molecule attached to three fatty acids by ester linkages is called a triacylglyceride. (wikipedia.org)
Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood that are made up of three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule. (lookformedical.com)

Genes encoding for the seven component hybrid synthase responsible for the assembly of the backbone is likely located on the largest gene, orf8. (wikipedia.org)
Insights into the distribution and function of metabolic genes of sponge symbionts are crucial to dissect and exploit their biotechnological potential. (cirn-na.com)
Plants vary in the types and speed of responses to drought conditions, depending on their genetic and ecotypic backgrounds, but a number of drought responsive genes are conserved across plant taxa, especially genes involved in osmotic adjustment, detoxification, and cell communication and signaling. (fruitandveggie.com)
Up-regulated genes included transcription factors and cell signaling-related genes such as kinases and phosphatases, which regulate numerous functions, including metabolic changes and cell defense functions. (fruitandveggie.com)
Increased expression of lipid transfer genes and fatty-acid and wax synthase genes suggested the reinforcement of cell membranes and cuticles. (fruitandveggie.com)
Comparative genomic analysis of T . equi revealed the phylogenetic positioning relative to seven apicomplexan parasites using deduced amino acid sequences from 150 genes placed it as a sister taxon to Theileria spp . (biomedcentral.com)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30- or 31-amino acid peptide hormone produced and secreted by intestinal enteroendocrine L-cells and certain neurons within the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brainstem upon food consumption. (immune-system-research.com)

Increased Expression of Fatty Acid Synthase Provides a Survival Advant" by Yekaterina Y. Zaytseva, Jennifer W. Harris et al. (uky.edu)

In both strains, mycolic acids had fewer double bond numbers in phenol conditions than the glucose condition, and evol40 had significantly shorter mycolic acid chain lengths than the WT strain in phenol conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Variants in the MMADHC gene have been found to cause methylmalonic acidemia, a condition characterized by feeding difficulties, life-threatening episodes of low blood glucose and the build-up of toxic substances in the blood (metabolic crisis), and long-term health problems. (medlineplus.gov)
We discuss here the emerging view that β-cell "glucotoxicity" is in part indirectly caused by "lipotoxicity," and that β-cell abnormalities will become particularly apparent when both glucose and circulating fatty acids are high. (diabetesjournals.org)
Diagnostic criteria include plasma glucose levels less than 3 mmol/L with detectable serum insulin and C-peptide, low serum ketone bodies, and low serum fatty acids. (medscape.com)
Glucose and several amino acids stimulate insulin secretion under physiologic conditions, and the sequence of events leading to insulin secretion is well delineated. (medscape.com)

Essential fatty acids: biochemistry, physiology and pathology. (springer.com)
Can essential fatty acids reduce the burden of disease(s)? (springer.com)
Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 75 (3), 197-202. (springer.com)

We examined the underlying mechanism of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on kidney and liver in obese diabetic db/db mice, mainly focusing on inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to skeletal muscle [ 14 ], the protective effects of long-term exercise training in the regulation of inflammation and metabolic dysfunction via SIRT1 signaling pathway have been less investigated in peripheral tissues such as kidney and liver. (biomedcentral.com)

Variants in the MMADHC gene can cause methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, cblD type, which is one form of a condition that has features of both of the two conditions described above. (medlineplus.gov)
This article reviews the current knowledge and experimental research about the mechanisms by which fatty acids and their derivatives control specific gene expression involved during carcinogenesis. (springer.com)
Effect of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory gene expression in healthy humans. (springer.com)
C75 increases ATP levels in many cell types, including neurons, to signal a favorable energy balance, which in turn inhibits hypothalamic AMPK, and alters gene expression in neurons and in peripheral tissues, further supporting weight loss. (eurekaselect.com)
Inter-omic functional relationships were assessed by transcript/gene ratios and microbial metabolic modeling. (biomedcentral.com)

Chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation may eventually cause tissue damage in obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
Chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation may eventually cause tissue damage in metabolic diseases, particularly obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND: Obesity-related cellular, metabolic, and molecular alterations have been shown to increase cancer risk and tumor progression and are associated with poorer therapeutic outcome in cancer patients. (sciencecentral.in)

One of the main limitations of in vitro studies on lung diseases is the difficulty of maintaining the type II phenotype of alveolar epithelial cells in culture. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
As the number of inherited metabolic diseases that are included in state-based newborn screening programs continues to increase, ensuring the quality of performance and delivery of testing services remains a continuous challenge not only for public health laboratories and other newborn screening facilities but also for biochemical genetic testing laboratories. (cdc.gov)
The recommended practices address the benefits of using a quality management system approach, factors to consider before introducing new tests, establishment and verification of test performance specifications, the total laboratory testing process (which consists of the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases), confidentiality of patient information and test results, and personnel qualifications and responsibilities for laboratory testing for inherited metabolic diseases. (cdc.gov)

Finally, condensation of 2,3-diaminopropionate with the carried molecule by a second nonribosomalpeptide synthase produces the zwittermicin A backbone. (wikipedia.org)
The addition of an organic acid radical into a molecule. (lookformedical.com)

The development of ectopic adipose tissue in skeletal muscle is associated with several skeletal muscle and metabolic pathologies, including Type II Diabetes Mellitus. (cheric.org)
Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). (lookformedical.com)
Type 2 diabetes is considered to be in most cases a polygenic disease with a strong involvement of environmental factors, such as diet and exercise ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
The traditional view of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is that hyperinsulinemia occurs as a consequence of insulin resistance ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Cross-sectional and case-cohort studies support a role for hepatitis C as a factor implied in the development of type-2 diabetes in high-risk patients (male patients, older than 40 years, and overweight). (isciii.es)
Moreover, the incidence of type-2 diabetes seems to be lower in responders than in non-responders. (isciii.es)

Functional and morphological alterations and metabolic and inflammatory signaling were examined in type 2 diabetic db/db mice with or without exercise training (5.2 m/min, 1 h/day, and 5 days/week for a total of 8 weeks). (biomedcentral.com)

Genome-level analyses for a subset of phylogenetically-related microorganisms suggests that disinfection selects for microorganisms capable of using fatty acids, presumably from microbial decay products, via the glyoxylate cycle. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, others have favored the concept that exaggerated insulin secretion will cause insulin resistance ( 3 , 4 ), possibly via fatty acid-mediated impairment of insulin action ( 5 - 7 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. (lookformedical.com)
Derivatives of caprylic acid. (lookformedical.com)

Furthermore, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), a transcriptional target of SREBP1, mediates the ferroptosis-suppressing activity of SREBP1 by producing monounsaturated fatty acids. (biomed.news)

The putative swf operon consists of swfA (type I PKS/FAS), swfB (reductase and sulphotransferase domains) and swfC (radical S-adenosylmethionine, or radical SAM). (cirn-na.com)

Recent studies indicate that modulation of FAS/CPT-1 activities can affect a number of cellular processes, depending on cell type and physiological context, and thus these compounds may have implications for treating other CNS disorder as well. (eurekaselect.com)

Main criteria (symptoms): 1) Sudden deterioration in the clinical condition of the child after a period of normal development (days, weeks, months): acute metabolic encephalopathy, lethargy (coma), seizures resistant to antiepileptic therapy. (who.int)

The results of chemically inhibiting the Rho pathway strongly suggest that this is one of the mechanisms by which the hydrogel promotes type II phenotype maintenance. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Histologic changes include cytoplasmic fatty vacuolization in hepatocytes, astrocyte edema and loss of neurons in the brain, and edema and fatty degeneration of the proximal lobules in the kidneys. (medscape.com)

FATTY ACIDS found in the plasma that are complexed with SERUM ALBUMIN for transport. (lookformedical.com)

An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. (lookformedical.com)

Studies on the physiological effects of sulfamic acid and ammonium sulfamate. (cdc.gov)

These fatty acids are not in glycerol ester form. (lookformedical.com)

As a result, certain amino acids, fatty acids, and cholesterol are not broken down and homocysteine cannot be converted to methionine. (medlineplus.gov)
Uptake of long chain fatty acids is regulated by dynamic interaction of FAT/CD36 with cholesterol/sphingolipid enriched microdomains (lipid rafts). (springer.com)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation. (springer.com)

The basal metabolic rate of an organism is the measure of the amount of energy consumed by all of these chemical reactions. (wikipedia.org)
As these molecules are vital for life, metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues, or on breaking them down and using them to obtain energy, by their digestion. (wikipedia.org)
These reactions are regulated at the metabolic and genetic levels by hormones and nutrients. (123dok.net)

Anatomy1

Chemicals and Drugs18

Pathways13

FASN13

Oxidation7

Enzyme8

Metabolism18

Syndrome12

Enzymes5

Polyketide synthases1

Synthesis3

Hepatic4

Disorders7

Deficiency1

Acyl3

Lipids5

Concentrations5

Proteins3

Monocarboxylic acid1

Protein5

Tandem Mass Spectro1

Glycerol molecule2

Genes6

Amino acid1

Expression of fatty1

Glucose5

Essential Fatty3

LIVER2

Gene5

Obesity3

Diseases3

Molecule2

Diabetes6

Inflammatory1

Microbial1

Insulin resistance1

Derivatives2

Desaturase1

Putative1

Compounds1

Encephalopathy1

Pathway1

Cytoplasmic1

Serum1

Abundant1

Physiological1

Ester1

Cholesterol2

Inflammation1

Reactions3