Mesenchymal stem cells progenitor cells or bone marrow. Medical search. Frequent questions

Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested for use in the cell-based treatment of cartilage lesions. (researchgate.net)
These correlations were not observed in group B. Conclusion: Injection of MSCs with marrow stimulation treatment was encouraging in patients older than 50 years compared with patients treated with marrow stimulation treatment alone, especially when the lesion size was larger than 109 mm(2) or a subchondral cyst existed. (researchgate.net)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) support chondrogenic differentiation and are an attractive cell source for cartilage tissue engineering. (nature.com)
MSCs can be differentiated along different cell lineages of mesodermal origin including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, skeletal myocytes or visceral stromal cells 9 . (nature.com)
The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into chondrocytes, while mechanical loading has been proposed as alternative strategy to induce chondrogenesis excluding the use of exogenous factors. (nature.com)
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation as a new strategy for treatment of diabetes in Streptozotacin (STZ) induced diabetic male albino rats. (alliedacademies.org)
However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
But research progressed and different trials explore the clinical potential of human MSCs isolated from bone marrow but also from other tissues including adipose tissue. (hindawi.com)
Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
We therefore briefly discuss differences found in subsets of human bmMSCs and in MSCs isolated from some other sources and touch upon how this could be utilized for cell-based therapies. (hindawi.com)
The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Human bmMSCs were described in the late nineties as well [ 6 ] and at the same time a breakthrough study investigated the expression of typical cell surface markers and the proliferation and differentiation properties of human MSCs in more detail [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Overview of studies published regarding MSCs using the term "stem cell" or "stromal cell" in the last 20 years accessed by a web search in July 2015 (Google Scholar). (hindawi.com)
It seems that the term "stem cell" became more popular although the "stemness" was only shown in a more strict sense for MSCs involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. (hindawi.com)
When the biological properties of MSCs were explored in more detail, questions arose whether these cells met the criterion of a true stem cell [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
Stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs,) stem cells found in tissue, have emerged as a major tool for research into the causes of ALS and in the research for new treatments. (cryo-cell.com)
MSCs are found in adipose (fat tissue), peripheral blood, bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord tissue and placental tissue. (cryo-cell.com)
Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) are being studied as a potential therapeutic tool to prevent various neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's. (cryo-cell.com)
[iii] MSCs derived from umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord tissue are a safe, easily collected, readily available, and noncontroversial source of stem cells. (cryo-cell.com)
The use of physiomimetic decellularized extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels is attracting interest since they can modulate the therapeutic capacity of numerous cell types, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Remarkably, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs display similar functions as their parental cells, mitigating tissue damage in lung diseases. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The number of ECM-vesicles released from acellular L-HG was 10-fold greater than EVs from conventional MSCs cell culture revealing that L-HG is an important source of bioactive vesicles. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous subset of stromal stem cells that originate from the mesoderm layer of the fetus. (tocris.com)
MSC-NPs consist of a subpopulation of bone marrow MSCs with neural progenitor and immunoregulatory properties, and a reduced capacity for mesodermal differentiation, suggesting that this cell population may be appropriate for clinical application in the CNS. (listlabs.com)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. (ijbs.com)
In addition to providing microenvironmental support for hematopoietic processes, BM-MSCs can differentiate into various mesodermal lineages including osteoblast/osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte that are crucial for bone metabolism. (ijbs.com)
While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. (ijbs.com)
To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271 + BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. (ijbs.com)
We successfully identified LEPR hi CD45 low BM-MSCs within the CD271 + BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. (ijbs.com)
Due to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have come into focus as a potential therapeutic concept. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of MSCs on the phenotype, cytokine profile, and functionality of naive and non-naive CD4 + T-cells from healthy donors (HD) and patients with autoimmune arthritis under Th17-cytokine polarizing conditions in an explorative way using a transwell system prohibiting any cell-cell-contact. (biomedcentral.com)
Magnetically isolated naive and non-naive CD4 + T-cells were stimulated under Th17-polarizing proinflammatory cytokine conditions in presence and absence of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). (biomedcentral.com)
In isolated naive CD4 + T-cells from HD and patients, MSCs suppressed the differentiation of naive towards an effector phenotype while memory and naive cells showed higher percentages in culture with MSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
In patients, MSCs significantly decreased the proportion of IL-9 and IL-17 producing effector T-cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The results of the study indicate significant immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, as under Th17-polarizing conditions MSCs are still able to control T-cell differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine production in both HD and patients with autoimmune arthritis. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem (or stromal) cells with the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation potential towards several mesodermal linages such as osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation (more citations) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A shift from Th1 to Th2 cells demonstrated by an increase in the levels of IL-4 has been observed upon treatment with MSCs [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) are susceptible to tumor signalling and can be recruited to tumor regions. (unicyte.ch)
We found that CSC-derived EVs promoted persistent phenotypical changes in MSCs characterized by an increased expression of genes associated with cell migration (CXCR4, CXCR7), matrix remodeling (COL4A3), angiogenesis and tumor growth (IL-8, Osteopontin and Myeloperoxidase). (unicyte.ch)
Moreover, EV-stimulated MSCs enhanced migration of renal tumor cells and induced vessel-like formation. (unicyte.ch)
In vivo, EV-stimulated MSCs supported tumor development and vascularization, when co-injected with renal tumor cells. (unicyte.ch)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known by their migratory capacity to injury and tumor sites. (unicyte.ch)
Anti- tumoral effects have been reported in different types of tumors, showing a reduction in tumor growth and metastasis with the presence of MSCs or EVs derived from these cells [15-18]. (unicyte.ch)
Such dual role possibly depends on a complex mechanism of interaction between tumor cells and MSCs that can be initially triggered by tumor EVs. (unicyte.ch)
Insulin-producing cells (IPCs) differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise in the treatment of DM. (biomedcentral.com)
Laminin 411 markedly induced the expression of the genes Foxa2 and Sox17 , markers for pancreatic precursor cells, efficiently induced IPC differentiation from MSCs, and up-regulated insulin expression at both mRNA and protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained interest because of its potential application in regeneration medicine and cytotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Current regenerative medicine strategies utilize chondrocytes from various locations or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). (swan.ac.uk)
Recently, a subpopulation of stem/progenitor cells has been identi ed within the auricular cartilage tissue, with similarities to MSCs in terms of proliferative capacity and cell surface biomarkers, but their potential for tissue engineering has not yet been explored. (swan.ac.uk)
This study compared the in vitro cartilage-forming ability of equine auricular cartilage progenitor cells (AuCPCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs and auricular chondrocytes in gelatin methacryloyl (gelMA)-based hydrogels over a period of 56 d, by assessing their ability to undergo chondrogenic di erentiation. (swan.ac.uk)
Similar to MSCs and chondrocytes, AuCPCs displayed a marked ability to generate cartilaginous matrix, although, under the applied culture conditions, MSCs outperformed both cartilage-derived cell types in terms of matrix production and mechanical properties. (swan.ac.uk)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) the most significant stem cells for cell therapy were first isolated and characterized in 1974 and have been used in the clinic since 2004. (mastercellbank.com)
MSCs are multipotent stromal cells that make and restore skeletal tissue and can differentiate into diverse cell types: bone, cartilage, muscle and fat. (mastercellbank.com)
Bone marrow was the original and most common source of MSCs and they are also found in Wharton's Jelly, Cord Blood, Adipose Tissue, Molar Teeth, Amniotic Fluid and Peripheral Blood. (mastercellbank.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells found in various tissues, most commonly bone marrow and adipose tissue. (thestemcellfoundation.com)
Autologous MSCs can be easily harvested and applied in treatment, but allogenic cells can also be employed. (thestemcellfoundation.com)
The early uses of MSCs focused on the implantations of cell rich matrixes during open surgeries, resulting in the formation of hyaline-like durable cartilage. (thestemcellfoundation.com)
Here, by using a microarray analysis, we demonstrate that human BM mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) in an early osteoinductive stage (e-MSCs) are characterized by unique hematopoiesis-associated gene expression with an enhanced hematopoiesis-supportive ability. (elsevierpure.com)
In comparison to BM-MSCs without osteoinductive treatment, gene expression in e-MSCs was significantly altered in terms of their cell adhesion- and chemotaxis-related profiles, as identified with Gene Ontology and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. (elsevierpure.com)
Noteworthy, expression of the hematopoiesis-associated molecules CXCL12 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 was remarkably decreased in e-MSCs. (elsevierpure.com)
e-MSCs supported an enhanced expansion of CD34 + hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and generation of myeloid lineage cells in vitro. (elsevierpure.com)
e-MSCs exhibited the absence of decreased stemness-associated gene expression, increased osteogenesis-associated gene expression, and apparent mineralization, thus maintaining the ability to differentiate into adipogenic cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Our findings demonstrate the unique biological characteristics of e-MSCs as hematopoiesis-regulatory stromal cells at differentiation stage between MSCs and osteoprogenitor cells and have significant implications in developing new strategy for using pharmacological osteoinductive treatment to support hematopoiesis in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell transplantation. (elsevierpure.com)
In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. (bmj.com)
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cells of non-haematopoietic origin, with the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme, that is, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes. (bmj.com)
1 Unique MSC-specific markers have not yet been identified, and MSCs constitute a heterogeneous cell population, including both multipotent (stem) cells and progenitor cells and might even contain pluripotent cell fractions. (bmj.com)
2 MSCs were first described in the bone marrow where they constitute a small fraction of cells (0.001%-0.01%) that closely interact with haematopoietic cells to support haematopoiesis and skeletal homeostasis. (bmj.com)
3 4 Since then, it has become evident that MSCs reside in many tissues, including mesenchymal tissues (bone, adipose tissue, connective tissue), umbilical cord and several organs including the liver, spleen and lung. (bmj.com)
Following early observations that MSCs inhibit T-cell proliferation, 9 MSCs were found to interact with the majority of innate and adaptive immune cells. (bmj.com)

The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)
These physical stimuli to the organ are translated into the stem cell local microenvironment - e.g. shear stress and cyclic stretch - so that cells sense the physiological conditions in normally functioning mature lungs. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
This protocol is used to answer key questions related to the function of human adipose progenitors in the vascular microenvironment. (jove.com)
The theoretical basis for marrow failure includes primary defects in or damage to the stem cell or the marrow microenvironment. (medscape.com)
Numerous reports showed that tumor EVs are not restricted only to tumor microenvironment but are also present in the blood circulation and other body fluids, supporting the idea that EVs can also stimulate cells at distant sites in the organism [10-13]. (unicyte.ch)
molecules secreted by the tumor and tumor-related stromal cells, promoting their recruitment from bone marrow into the circulation and subsequent engraftment within tumor microenvironment [14]. (unicyte.ch)
Bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has a crucial role in supporting hematopoiesis. (elsevierpure.com)
Advances in immunotherapy have shed greater focus on the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which are vital components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (aging-us.com)
TP53 mutations are also associated with the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment [ 10 - 12 ]. (aging-us.com)

They have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts or chondrocytes depending on the signalling molecules they are exposed to, giving rise to either bone or cartilage respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Runx2 (which may also be known as Cbfa1), and Osx (a zinc finger containing transcription factor) are necessary for osteochondroprogenitor cells to differentiate into the osteoblast cell lineage. (wikipedia.org)
Such cells from different sources can proliferate and differentiate into different lineages (e.g. osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic) after suitable stimulation. (scirp.org)
Accordingly, investigations on cellular therapies have therefore moved to progenitor cell populations such as bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which have the ability to differentiate into cartilage cells 4 . (nature.com)
Because human mesenchymal stem cells are known to be sensitive to their mechanical environments, we investigated the mechanotransductive potential of Descemet membrane-like microtopography (DLT) to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells into CEC-like cells. (lww.com)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts provide potential for the development of novel treatment strategies, such as improved healing of large bone defects. (biomedcentral.com)
They can differentiate into cells of the mesodermal lineage, such as adipocytes, and osteocytes. (tocris.com)
The goal of this protocol is to test the ability of progenitor cells derived from human perivascular adipose tissue to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. (jove.com)
Differentiation was compared to mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow, which is known to differentiate into adipocyte, osteocyte, and chondrocyte lineages. (jove.com)
Sites of loosely packed extracellular matrix (ECM) also offer stem and progenitor cell optimal space to proliferate and differentiate. (europa.eu)
These cells can differentiate into many types of tissue in your body and naturally stimulate a healing response. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
Progenitor cells take several weeks to months to differentiate. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
As needed, the stem cells differentiate to become a particular kind of cell-a white blood cell, red blood cell, or platelet. (medscape.com)
T lymphocytes originate via lymphoid stem cells that migrate to the thymus and differentiate under the influence of the thymic hormones thymopoietin and thymosin. (medscape.com)

In conclusion: treatment with MSC.s transplantation as a cell-therapy could restore pancreatic β-cell function and improved liver and kidney functions in diabetes as a new strategy for diabetes treatment. (alliedacademies.org)
The idea of myocardial regeneration with stem cell transplantation after myocardial infarction receives tremendous interest. (escardio.org)
Several preliminary reports have demonstrated that local stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction is safe and may lead to improved myocardial function and perfusion. (escardio.org)
In experimental and clinical studies unselected mononuclear bone marrow cells as well as specific subpopulations have been used for transplantation. (escardio.org)
Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)
The transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) alleviates neuropathology and improves cognitive deficits in animal models with Alzheimer's disease. (biomedcentral.com)
In principle, transplantation of mesenchymal progenitor cells would attenuate or possibly correct genetic disorders of bone, cartilage and muscle, but clinical support for this concept is lacking. (nih.gov)
Here we describe the initial results of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in three children with osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic disorder in which osteoblasts produce defective type I collagen, leading to osteopenia, multiple fractures, severe bony deformities and considerably shortened stature. (nih.gov)
Thus, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can lead to engraftment of functional mesenchymal progenitor cells, indicating the feasibility of this strategy in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta and perhaps other mesenchymal stem cell disorders as well. (nih.gov)
The specific medications administered depend on the choice of therapy and whether it is supportive care only, immunosuppressive therapy, or hematopoietic cell transplantation. (medscape.com)

Alexander Friedenstein and his colleagues first identified osteoprogenitor cells in multiple mammalian tissues, before any genetic or morphological criteria were put in place for bone marrow or connective tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSC/MPC) are found in many tissues and fluids including bone marrow, adipose tissues, muscle, synovial membranes, synovial fluid, and blood. (scirp.org)
Li, L. and Jiang, J. (2011) Regulatory Factors of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration into Injured Tissues and Their Signal Transduction Mechanisms. (scirp.org)
Additionally, it will explain the techniques of collecting, packaging, and transporting bone marrow aspirates for collection, expansion, and 150 injections into diseased tissues. (ivis.org)
hEPCs have been used for cell-based therapies due to their capacity to contribute in the re-endothelialization of injured blood vessels and neovascularization in ischemic tissues. (intechopen.com)
Since the iliac crest remains a frequent site of BM harvest for musculoskeletal regeneration, the authors also compared the spatial distribution of these subsets in trabeculae of femoral head and iliac crest and found CD2711CD561 bone-lining cells in both tissues. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Stem cells have potential as a source of cells and tissues for research and treatment of disease. (tocris.com)
This special type of stem cell is present in many tissues and restores bone, connective tissues and fat. (europa.eu)
However, the quality of neo-tissues resulting from these cell types is inadequate due to ine cient chondrogenic di erentiation and endochondral ossi cation, respectively. (swan.ac.uk)
Here, GEPIA database mining and western blot analysis showed that higher expression of CDC20 was observed in PCa tissues and cells. (bvsalud.org)
We identified 96 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 13 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes, in CCA tissues as regulatory T cells were significantly higher and the proportions of activated natural killer cells and monocytes were significantly lower in CCA tissues than the precancerous tissues. (aging-us.com)
CCA patients with a higher proportion of neutrophils and T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and lower proportion of CD8 + T cells in the tumor tissues are associated with poor prognosis [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
However, only limited types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been analyzed in CCA tissues and the mechanisms regulating the tumor infiltration of immune cells are poorly understood. (aging-us.com)
Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
When the oxygen content of body tissues is low, if there is loss of blood or anemia, or if the number of red blood cells decreases, the kidneys produce and release erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. (medscape.com)
Inspired from developmental processes, human mesenchymal cell lines can be programmed to form cartilage, bone and bone marrow tissues in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)

Osteoprogenitor cells can be identified by their associations with existing bone or cartilage structures, or their placement in the embryo, as the sites for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis are now known. (wikipedia.org)
Currently, the only FDA-approved cell-based therapy for cartilage defects involves autologous chondrocyte implantation: chondrocytes harvested from low-contact areas are expanded in vitro and then re-injected directly into the damaged site 1 . (nature.com)
Besides the cell source choice, also mechanical stimuli are crucial in the development and maintenance of articular cartilage. (nature.com)
These studies have demonstrated that mechanical forces are able to shape the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate when appropriately applied in in vitro models of cartilage regeneration. (nature.com)
Background: Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) from native bone marrow (BM) or their culture-expanded progeny, often referred to as mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, represents a promising strategy for treatment of cartilage injuries. (whiterose.ac.uk)
But the cartilage regeneration capacity of these cells remains unpredictable because of cell heterogeneity. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Hypothesis: The harvest technique of BM may highly influence stem cell heterogeneity and, thus, cartilage formation because these cells have distinct spatial localization within BM from the same bone. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Clinical Relevance: The harvest technique of BM may be of major importance in determining the clinical success of BM mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in cartilage repair. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Since progenitor cells multiply and are signaled to form tissue such as cartilage, tendon and bone when necessary, they allow your body to create the tissue it needs to heal itself. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
Paramount for the generation of auricular structures of clinically-relevant size is the acquisition of a large number of cells maintaining an elastic cartilage phenotype, which is the key in producing a tissue capable of withstanding forces subjected to the auricle. (swan.ac.uk)
These results underscored the AuCPCs' tissue-speci c di erentiation potential, making them an interesting cell source for the next generation of elastic cartilage tissue-engineered constructs. (swan.ac.uk)
The bio in the ink: cartilage regeneration with bioprintable hydrogels and articular cartilage-derived progenitor cells by: William Webb, et al. (swan.ac.uk)
Characterisation of a divergent progenitor cell sub-populations in human osteoarthritic cartilage: the role of telomere erosion and replicative senescence by: Christopher Fellows, et al. (swan.ac.uk)

The objective of this study is to determine the effects of bee venom on the proliferation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells and wound healing. (trdizin.gov.tr)

Ando, W., Heard, B., Nakamura, N., Frank, C.B. and Hart, D.A. (2012) Ovine Synovial Membrane-Derived Mescenchymal Progenitor Cells Retain the Phenotype of the Original Tissue That Was Exposed to in Vivo Inflammation: Evidence for a Suppressed Chondrogenic Differentiation Potential of the Cells. (scirp.org)
Interestingly, contradictory data exist for transformation of bone marrow derived progenitor cells (BMPC) into new cardiomyocytes and alternative mechanisms as enhanced neovascularization, enhanced scar tissue formation due to augmented inflammatory response and decreased apoptosis have been suggested for the benefical effects of these cells on myocardial function after myocardial infarction (4). (escardio.org)
Repair of scar tissue constitutes a challenge for cardiac stem cell therapy due to lack of adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) show great potential to treat inflammatory and degradative processes in OA and have demonstrated paracrine effects in chondrocytes. (karger.com)
Bone marrow and adipose tissue have emerged as excellent sources of progenitor cells. (ivis.org)
Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)
To avoid immune recipient's rejection of the transplanted bioengineered lung, autologous bone marrow/adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, lung progenitor cells or induced pluripotent stem cells are used for biofabricating the bioengineered lung. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
One great advantage of MSC is that these cells may be directly obtained from individual patients, thereby eliminating the complications associated with immune rejection of allogenic tissue and infectious diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
We show that a population of multipotent progenitors can be derived successfully from perivascular adipose tissue from patients with cardiovascular disease. (jove.com)
After one hour, no visible tissue pieces should be present and the solution will appear as a cloudy cell suspension. (jove.com)
Stem cells are essential for regeneration and repair of worn-out or injured tissue. (europa.eu)
Low-power view of hematoxylin-eosin-stained bone marrow showing hypocellularity, with increased adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietic cells in the marrow space. (medscape.com)
IL-9 and Th9 cells are overexpressed in synovial tissue while proportion of Th9 cells are increased in peripheral blood from RA patients [ 28 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Bone Marrow is a sponge-like tissue found within the center of large bones like the hip bone, breast bone, shoulder blades and ribs. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
It contains progenitor cells and other growth factors needed to heal tissue. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
For this purpose, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from canine adipose tissue and bee venom samples were collected from Apis mellifera anatoliaca in Muğla province of Türkiye. (trdizin.gov.tr)
In the retina, a more complicated regulatory network among microglia, retinal neurons, retinal ganglial cells, retinal pigment epithelium, and other immune effector cells by exosomes are responsible for the elaborate modulation of tissue homeostasis under physical state and the widespread propagation of neuroinflammation and its consequent neurodegeneration in glaucoma pathogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Biostór / Master Cell Bank is a leading EU-licensed Tissue Establishment (TE) storing life-saving cell therapies, GMP Cell Banks and Clinical Trial samples since 2007. (mastercellbank.com)
Serving global markets, it provides cell and tissue biostorage and cold chain logistics solutions to many leading medical and biotechnology research organisations world-wide. (mastercellbank.com)
In the last 10 years tissue engineering utilising mesenchymal stem cells has been emerging as an alternative method for treating OA. (thestemcellfoundation.com)
Progenitor cell therapy describes the use of multipotent cells of various cell lineages (autologous or allogeneic) for tissue repair and/or regeneration. (southcarolinablues.com)
Chemo-radio therapeutic outcomes are poor in CCA patients because the tumor is highly desmoplastic with fibrogenic connective tissue and immune cells such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages that infiltrate the tumor epithelium [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
Niches are special microenvironments in tissue where stem cells are located. (bvsalud.org)
Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
Bone marrow is the soft, spongy, gelatinous tissue found in the hollow spaces in the interior of bones. (medscape.com)
Bone marrow consists of stem cells, which are large, "primitive," undifferentiated cells supported by fibrous tissue called stroma. (medscape.com)
There are 2 main types of stem cells and, therefore, the bone marrow consists of 2 types of cellular tissue. (medscape.com)
Bone marrow can be 1 of 2 types, red or yellow, depending on whether it consists of mainly hematopoietic (and therefore, red-colored) tissue or fatty (and therefore a yellow-colored) tissue. (medscape.com)
Given this, the ALINE MANICA2 cryopreservation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) could be a JULIANA CRISTINA SCHMIDT2 way to collect them in one surgical procedure and after performing fractional fat grafting. (bvsalud.org)

Borlongan, C.V., Glover, L.E., Tajiri, N., Kaneko, Y. and Freeman, T.B. (2011) The Great Migration of Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells towards the Ischemic Brain: Therapeutic Implications for Stroke and Other Neurological Disorders. (scirp.org)
As such, stem cell therapy cannot be regarded as a valid therapeutic option for patients with cardiovascular disease in the present era of evidenced-based medicine, yet it holds great hope for the future. (escardio.org)
but the overall therapeutic process lasts for a relatively long period, and a variety of complications may arise, such as pin loss, infection around the transmucosal pin, bone fracture, and restriction in joint motion [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
With a variety of assays we could show that MSC represent a cell population which can be expanded for therapeutic applications. (biomedcentral.com)
In recent years mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have generated a great deal of interest as a potential source for cell-based therapeutic strategies. (biomedcentral.com)

Osteoblasts are cells that group together to form units, called osteons, to produce bone. (wikipedia.org)
β-catenin of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway plays a role in cell fate determination, as it is critical for osteoblastogenesis, and the differentiation of chondrocytes into osteoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)

Studies have shown that embryonic stem cells are more mechanosensitive than their differentiated counterparts. (wikipedia.org)
Sources of exogenous stem/progenitor cells that are currently under evaluation in the context of acute lung injury repair include embryonic stem cells, bone marrow- or fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells, circulating endothelial progenitors, and, recently, amniotic fluid stem/progenitor cells. (nih.gov)

Loss of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) bears disastrous consequences for the patient, including corneal clouding and blindness. (lww.com)
1 If the number of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) falls below a certain threshold because of traumatic injury, disease, or normal aging processes, functionality of the CE is decreased, and the cornea swells and becomes milky, leading to eventual vision loss. (lww.com)
These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
The pellet is the stromal vascular fraction containing endothelial cells, immune cells, blood cells and progenitor cells. (jove.com)

Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
MyeloCult™ media have been developed for the long-term culture of hematopoietic progenitor cells in association with adherent stromal cells. (stemcell.com)

Cell based therapies: Academic or commercial? (ehaweb.org)
However, the worldwide shortages of corneal donor material generate a strong demand for personalized stem cell-based alternative therapies. (lww.com)
[ii] They have also recently emerged as a promising source of stem and progenitor cells for use in other novel cell therapies. (cryo-cell.com)
This funding was made through an additional investment in Cryo-Cell's cell therapy research affiliate, Saneron CCEL Therapeutics, Inc. The hope is that the IND will lead to regenerative therapies using cord blood to treat devastating neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS. (cryo-cell.com)
Advances in the field of translational stem cell therapy will continue to gain momentum and we are poised to maximize the potential of cellular therapies to provide much-needed treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. (cryo-cell.com)
However, for cell therapies MSC have to be expanded and/or manipulated to obtain a sufficient amount of cells that can be subsequently used for treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Human iPSC derived cardiovascular and neuronal cells are being used in preclinical studies and will find use in clinical application as cell therapies. (mastercellbank.com)
However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)

Extracellular vesicles derived from renal cancer stem cells induce a pro-tumorigenic phenotype in mesenchymal stromal cells. (unicyte.ch)

Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: a randomized controlled trial. (futuremedicalgroup.com)
Its clinical introduction in 1986 replaced bone marrow (BM) as a stem cell source to almost 100% in the and to autologous approximately 75% in the allogeneic transplant setting. (mastercellbank.com)

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are the ideal source to study fat formation as they are the progenitors of adipocytes. (mdpi.com)

These include bone marrow-derived cells, peripheral blood derived stem cells and skeletal myoblasts (3). (escardio.org)
Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
Peripheral blood stem cell transplantations (PBSCT) are now the most common cell therapy procedure. (mastercellbank.com)

Gimble, J.M., Bunnell, B.A. and Guilak, F. (2012) Human Adipose-Derived Cells: An Update on the Transition to Clinical Translation. (scirp.org)

Conditional inactivation of TGF-βr2 of osteochondroprogenitor cells in the cranial neural crest resulted in faster osteoprogenitor differentiation and disorganised chondrogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
In an effort to develop cell therapy-based strategies for progressive MS, we investigated the pre-clinical efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived neural progenitors (MSC-NPs) as an autologous source of stem cells. (listlabs.com)
Before the actual treatment, the cells are then grown to about 100 million mesenchymal stem cells which we then convert into neural progenitor cells, cells which are committed to a neural lineage (WK note: neural progenitor cells are stem cells specific to the central nervous system). (wheelchairkamikaze.com)

The bone morrow contains several stem cell types including hematopoetic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells and multipotent adult progenitor cells. (escardio.org)

It has been noted that in humans and preclinical animal models that exposure to microgravity/space flight or prolonged bed rest (a surrogate for microgravity) can lead to infiltration of skeletal muscle and bone marrow with fat. (scirp.org)
The resistant state of skeletal myoblasts to ischemia renders these cells suitable candidates for repair of chronically infracted and failing heart (5). (escardio.org)
Moreover, it seems that paracrine action of skeletal myoblasts facilitate neighboring cardiomyocytes to maintain their replicative potential and/or stimulate differentiation of native cardiac stem cells (8,9). (escardio.org)

Strategies to enhance endogenous alveolar epithelial repair could include protection of epithelial progenitors from injury and/or stimulation of endogenous progenitor cell function. (nih.gov)
Intrathecal injection of MSC-NPs correlated with reduced immune cell infiltration, reduced area of demyelination, and increased number of endogenous nestin-positive progenitor cells in EAE mice. (listlabs.com)
These observations suggest that MSC-NPs may influence the rate of repair through effects on endogenous progenitors in the spinal cord. (listlabs.com)

Both types of bone marrow are highly vascular, being enriched with numerous blood vessels and capillaries. (medscape.com)

Cell therapy is a potential new treatment for post MI patients, but the main challenges are : the necessity to preserve immune competency and to gain adequate nutrition and homing signals necessary for stem cells' engraftment and survival. (escardio.org)
Three months after osteoblast engraftment (1.5-2.0% donor cells), representative specimens of trabecular bone showed histologic changes indicative of new dense bone formation. (nih.gov)

Demyelinating conditions are difficult to treat and stem cell therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is a promising novel strategy. (biomedcentral.com)
Preclinical and some small-scaled clinical trials have suggested feasibility and safety of cardiac stem cell therapy. (escardio.org)
Cell therapy is currently emerging as a potential new treatment for post MI patients with the assumption that recolonization of the areas of scarred myocardium with exogenously supplied surrogates or precursors of cardiomyocytes can restore function and ultimately affect clinical outcomes. (escardio.org)
Further work will be needed to translate stem/progenitor cell therapy for the lung. (nih.gov)
This may result in clinicians opting out of pursuing this choice of stem cell therapy. (ivis.org)
This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
Bone marrow-derived progenitor cell (BMPC) therapy has been shown to promote neovascularization, decrease infarct area and attenuate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after MI. (indexindex.com)
Our guide highlights the use of small molecules in stem cell research and cell therapy and lists relevant products. (tocris.com)
Cell therapy, cytotherapy, cytotherapeutics has the potential to provide cures for many significant ailments and disorders by repairing and reversing disease through regenerative medicine. (mastercellbank.com)
A new cell therapy, donor lymphocyte infusion, emerged in the 1990s to ensure that the donor stem cells remain engrafted whereby lymphocytes from the blood of a donor are given to a patient who has already received a hematopoietic stem cells from the same donor. (mastercellbank.com)
The cell therapy industry is rapidly expanding. (mastercellbank.com)
Progenitor cell therapy is being investigated for the treatment of damaged myocardium resulting from acute or chronic cardiac ischemia and for refractory angina. (southcarolinablues.com)
For individuals who have acute cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 200 patients, numerous small RCTs, and meta-analyses of these RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
For individuals who have chronic cardiac ischemia who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes a nonrandomized comparative trial and systematic reviews of smaller RCTs. (southcarolinablues.com)
For individuals who have refractory angina who receive progenitor cell therapy, the evidence includes phase 2 trials and a phase 3 pivotal trial. (southcarolinablues.com)
Additional larger trials are needed to determine whether progenitor cell therapy improves health outcomes in patients with refractory angina. (southcarolinablues.com)
Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? (bmj.com)
In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research. (bmj.com)

TGF-β determines and regulates cell lineages during endochondral ossification through Sox9 and Runx2 signalling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
It is thought that through a combination of biochemical and biophysical stimuli, the uncommitted stem cells of the embryo will undergo differentiation into certain cell lineages. (wikipedia.org)
At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)

2 Despite having high metabolic activity, human CECs (hCECs) do not proliferate in vivo because these cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (lww.com)
However, their low frequency in bone marrow necessitate ex vivo expansion for further clinical application. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study we asked if MSC are developing in an aberrant or unwanted way during ex vivo long-term cultivation and if artificial cultivation conditions exert any influence on their stem cell maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)
We monitored these cells during their expansion ex vivo with respect to proliferation kinetics, surface marker profile and differentiation potential. (biomedcentral.com)
In glaucoma, the crucial role of exosome-based crosstalk has been primarily revealed in animal models and ex vivo cell studies in the recent decade. (bvsalud.org)
allogenic natural killer cells (NK-cells) generated ex vivo from umbilical cord blood progenitor cells in cancer immunotherapy. (mastercellbank.com)
We demonstrated that the expression of CDC20 was increased in PCa cells by irradiation, and knockdown of CDC20 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, tumor formation, induced cell apoptosis and increased radiosensitivity in PCa in vitro and in vivo. (bvsalud.org)
This project will delve into innate immune cell function, establishing in vitro and in vivo systems test innate immune cell function in regeneration. (lu.se)

Residual pools of adult stem cells are hypothesized to be the source of lung regeneration and repair. (nih.gov)
1 Treatment with progenitor cells (i.e., stem cells) offers potential benefits beyond those of standard medical care, including the potential for repair and/or regeneration of damaged myocardium. (southcarolinablues.com)

The transcription factor Sox9 can be found in multiple sites in the body (pancreas, central nervous system, intestines) and it is also found in all chondrocyte progenitor cells, suggesting that they are important in chondrogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells versus autologous chondrocyte implantation: an observational cohort study. (futuremedicalgroup.com)

The survival outcomes of CCA patients were associated with the TP53 gene mutation status, levels of Oncostatin M (OSM) expression, and the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and T follicular helper cells. (aging-us.com)

Written by Rebecca Quelch and Stefan Przyborski from Durham University (UK), this poster describes the isolation of pluripotent stem cells, their maintenance in culture, differentiation, and the generation and potential uses of organoids. (tocris.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of stem cells that can be generated directly from adult cells and pioneered by Yamanaka in 2006 who discovered that only 4 genes were required to re-programme adult cells into iPSCs. (mastercellbank.com)

Various cell types have been tested experimentally for cardiac repair so far, but only those of autologous origin have yet undergone clinical testing due to immune competency. (escardio.org)
At day 28, bony ankylosis showed increased biological process related to new bone formation, while fibrous ankylosis was characterized by a prolonged immune and inflammatory reaction. (medscimonit.com)
Cord blood is now being enriched with functional stem and progenitor cells and also immune modulatory cells. (mastercellbank.com)
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) used in the treatment of cancers and other immune system disorders are found in the red bone marrow in the central part of most bones but principally in the pelvis, femur, and sternum. (mastercellbank.com)
Liu Q , Lan T , Song Y , Cai J , Yu X , Chen W , . Oncostatin M expression and TP53 mutation status regulate tumor-infiltration of immune cells and survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma. (aging-us.com)
In this study, we used bioinformatics tools to analyze transcriptome data from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients in multiple datasets (Sun Yat-sen University, TCGA and GSE32225 cohorts) to identify mechanisms that regulate tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes. (aging-us.com)
Our study demonstrates that OSM expression and TP53 mutation status regulate the tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes in CCA. (aging-us.com)
Somatic mutations can reduce or abolish the ability of immune cells to recognize neoantigens on the tumor cells [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)
We know that innate immune cells are required for blastema progenitor cell formation, but are lacking an understanding of the immune cell processes and functions that are required for inducing and maintaining these progenitors cells. (lu.se)
This will be coupled with next generation sequencing based approaches to understanding the consequences of perturbing immune cell function. (lu.se)

Results: Cells from the BM after rasping were significantly more chondrogenic than the donor-matched aspirate, whereas no notable difference in their osteogenic or adipogenic potential was observed. (whiterose.ac.uk)

Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our results now suggest that 4-MU treatment of MSC not only affects the formation of SG via increased levels of O-linked glycosylation of cellular proteins but also that MSC cultivated under osteogenic stimulation develop SG, which in turn support MSC differentiation into osteogenic precursor cells. (europa.eu)

A prospective multi-site registry study of a specific protocol of autologous bone marrow concentrate for the treatment of shoulder rotator cuff tears and osteoarthritis. (futuremedicalgroup.com)

TGF-β is important for cell proliferation and differentiation during skeletogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
A subset of tumor cells, defined as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are characterized by self-renewal and continuous proliferation capacity, providing the ability to initiate tumor and to generate other heterogeneous cell populations [1]. (unicyte.ch)
According to the results of our study's cell proliferation assay and wound healing test, bee venom had no proliferative effect on mesenchymal stem cells within the defined dose range. (trdizin.gov.tr)
Furthermore, we observed that CDC20 regulated Twist1 pathway, influencing cell proliferation and migration. (bvsalud.org)
Silencing PRMT6 inhibited GBM cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, while overexpressing PRMT6 had opposite results. (bvsalud.org)
Rescue experimental results confirmed that PRMT6 promotes the ubiquitinated degradation of CDKN1B and cell proliferation via CDC20. (bvsalud.org)

In the present work, we have isolated and characterized the extracellular vesicles from human AD-MSC to investigate their role in the chondroprotective actions of these cells. (karger.com)
CSCs were shown to secrete large amount of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can transfer several molecules (proteins, lipids and nucleic acids) and induce epigenetic changes in target cells. (unicyte.ch)
In addition, tumor cells interaction were also shown to be mediated by secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids and induce epigenetic changes in target cells [4,5]. (unicyte.ch)

Hart, D.A. (2014) Why Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Progenitor Cell Heterogeneity in Specific Environments? (scirp.org)

Artificial reproduction of Descemet membrane with respect to topography and similar stiffness offers a potential innovative way to bioengineer a functional CEC monolayer from autologous stem cells. (lww.com)

Here we demonstrate that human cells modulate the duration of their mitotic arrest through the presence of conserved, alternative CDC20 translational isoforms. (bvsalud.org)

Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
MSC reside in a quiescent state at a special site referred to as the stem cell niche. (europa.eu)
In the bone marrow MSC share the niche with haematopoietic stem cells (HSC). (europa.eu)
Stem cell niche. (bvsalud.org)

Saneron's sponsored preclinical studies using U-CORD-CELL® have demonstrated efficacy in various disease models including: ALS, stroke, myocardial infarction, and Alzheimer's disease. (cryo-cell.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells for chronic wound healing: current status of preclinical and clinical studies. (trdizin.gov.tr)

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of MSC injection and arthroscopic marrow stimulation treatment with those of arthroscopic marrow stimulation treatment alone for the treatment of OLTs in older patients. (researchgate.net)
Patients were divided into 2 groups: 35 patients (37 ankles) treated with arthroscopic marrow stimulation treatment alone (group A) and 30 patients (31 ankles) who underwent MSC injection along with arthroscopic marrow stimulation treatment (group B). Clinical outcomes were evaluated according to the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, and the Roles and Maudsley score. (researchgate.net)
Overall, this evidence has suggested that progenitor cell treatment may be a promising intervention, but robust data on clinical outcomes are lacking. (southcarolinablues.com)

Anatomy63

Organisms18

Diseases16

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment49

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care1

MSCs75

Microenvironment9

Differentiate15

Transplantation10

Tissues18

Cartilage13

Capacity of mesenchymal stem1

Tissue29

Therapeutic5

Osteoblasts3

Embryonic stem2

Endothelial cells4

Hematopoietic progenitor cells2

Therapies8

Phenotype1

Allogeneic2

Adipocytes1

Peripheral blood3

Adipose derived1

Neural3

Stromal stem cells1

Skeletal3

Endogenous3

Vascular1

Engraftment2

Therapy18

Lineages3

Vivo8

Regeneration2

Chondrocyte2

Monocytes1

Pluripotent stem2

Immune10

Adipogenic1

Osteogenic2

Osteoarthritis1

Proliferation7

Extracellular vesicles3

Heterogeneity1

Functional1

Modulate1

Niche4

Preclinical2

Clinical Outcomes3