Merkel cell polyomavirus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Jimmy Buffett died on Friday due to a rare form of skin cancer called Merkel cell carcinoma. (yahoo.com)

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV) was first described in January 2008 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (wikipedia.org)
In 2008, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) was discovered as the causative agent of MCC. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Although MCPyV is in many ways similar to classical oncogenic polyomaviruses, such as SV40, subtle differences are beginning to emerge. (whiterose.ac.uk)
These unique features highlight the singular position MCPyV has as the only human oncogenic polyomavirus, and open up new avenues for therapies against MCC. (whiterose.ac.uk)
The association of MCC with the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) may explain the explicit immunogenicity of MCC. (bmj.com)
However, to date only a single MCPyV-derived CD8 T-cell epitope have been described, thus impeding specific monitoring of T-cell responses to MCC. (bmj.com)
To overcome this limitation, we scanned the MCPyV oncoproteins large T and small T antigen and the virus-capsid protein VP1 for potential T-cell epitopes, and tested for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I affinity. (bmj.com)
In peripheral blood from 38 MCC patients and 30 healthy donors we identified 53 MCPyV-directed CD8+ T-cell responses against 35 different peptide sequences. (bmj.com)
These T-cell epitopes represent ideal targets for antigen specific immune therapy of MCC, and enables tracking and characterisation of MCPyV specific immune responses. (bmj.com)
Given our laboratory's experience in studying polyomavirus mediated transformation, we initiated studies of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) LT and ST. We determined that MCPyV ST specifically recruits MYCL to the EP400 complex and transactivates a large number of downstream target genes. (dana-farber.org)
Further investigation led to identification and sequence analysis of the 5387-base-pair genome of a previously unknown polyomavirus that we call Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV). (qxmd.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive skin cancer induced through oncogenic transformation by the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). (biomedcentral.com)
We have mapped the T cell recognition of MCPyV by use of a novel technology platform for T-cell enrichment and combinatorial encoding of histocompatibility antigen (HLA) class I multimers. (biomedcentral.com)
We investigated the T cell recognition of both the oncogenic proteins, Large and Small T antigen and the capsid protein VP1 that is profoundly expressed also in the non-symptomatic MCPyV infected healthy individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
Numerous T cell responses were detected against MCPyV in both healthy donors and MCC patients, with a striking observation that T cell responses against Large and Small T antigens were found exclusively in MCC patients, suggesting that these oncoproteins are only presented to the immune system in the tumor-bearing host and represent highly specific targets for cancer immunotherapy of MCC. (biomedcentral.com)
T cell epitopes from Large T antigen of MCPyV display a large sequence variation with other polyomaviruses, but are highly conserved among different strains of MCPyV. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we investigated whether the recently discovered WU and KI polyomaviruses (WUPyV and KIPyV) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) could, like BKV and JCV, persist, mutate, and reactivate in immunodeficient subjects. (ox.ac.uk)
[ 4 ] Literature over the last several years has uncovered a strong association between MCC and a newly found polyomavirus (now named the Merkel cell polyomavirus, abbreviated MCV or MCPyV). (medscape.com)
The virus, now named Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV), was consistently found to be clonally integrated in 80% of MCC tumors. (medscape.com)
Image: MCC is a rare but aggressive form of skin cancer typically caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
This presentation reports results of pre-clinical mouse studies of a cancer vaccine that promotes potent, antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses to MCPγV-LT. The majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC), a rare and highly aggressive type of neuroendocrine skin cancer, are associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection. (biospace.com)
MCPyV integrates into the host genome, resulting in expression of a truncated form of the viral large T antigen (LT) in infected cells, and makes LT an attractive target for therapeutic cancer vaccines. (biospace.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer, related to the Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) in 80% of cases. (oncotarget.com)
Abstract: Based on the provided image of the MCPyV (Merkel cell polyomavirus) genome, it appears that ALTO is positioned between the LT (Large T antigen) and sT (small T antigen) regions. (bioinformatics.cc)

Approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) tumors have been found to be infected with MCV. (wikipedia.org)
Knockdown of these viral proteins causes cells from MCV-positive MCC tumors to die whereas there is no effect on cells from tumors that are uninfected with the virus. (wikipedia.org)
MCV T antigen has similar features to the T antigens of other polyomaviruses, which are known oncoproteins, and is expressed in human tumors. (wikipedia.org)
These results demonstrated statistically significant differences in tumor cell morphology between Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive and -negative Merkel cell carcinomas and reconfirmed the absence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in combined tumors. (elsevierpure.com)
Nevertheless, disability of DNA fix and cell routine checkpoints in MCC tumors that are contaminated with MCV may end up being possibly targeted by therapies that induce DNA harm, sensitizing MCC cells comparable to regular tissues preferentially. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Merkel cells display paranuclear staining for cytokeratins, which are also found in other neuroendocrine tumors. (medscape.com)
In general, tumors occur when cells divide and grow excessively in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Merkel cell polyomavirus expression in merkel cell carcinomas and its absence in combined tumors and pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas. (medscape.com)
DETECTing Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Merkel Tumors. (ncbs.res.in)
KEYTRUDA, as a single agent, is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have high PD-L1 expression [Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) ≥50%] as determined by an FDA-approved test, with no EGFR or ALK genomic tumor aberrations. (merck.com)
As a result, the virus causes skin cells to make a protein that turns off the genes that normally suppress the growth of tumors . (clevelandclinic.org)
Tumors from Merkel cell carcinoma typically appear on sun-exposed areas of skin. (clevelandclinic.org)
Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal tumor antigen that is an attractive target for chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy due to its highly restricted expression on normal tissue and high prevalence in several solid tumors. (oncotarget.com)
In lymphomas I have conducted studies in rare aggressive primary cutaneous tumors such as gamma/delta T cell lymphoma (expanding the description of the epidermotropic variant) as well as more indolent entities such as lymphomatoid papulosis (type D) and CD4-positive small to medium size T cell lymphoproliferative disorders. (mdanderson.org)
The FDA has approved the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, pembrolizumab, in solid tumors with a tumor mutational burden (TMB) ≥ 10 mutations/megabase based on the FoundationOne CDx assay. (aacrjournals.org)
On June 16, 2020, the FDA approved the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, pembrolizumab (KEYTRUDA, Merck & Co., Inc.), for the treatment of tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) solid tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
Subsequent studies involving immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy revealed that these tumors originate from the Merkel cell. (medscape.com)
About 3% of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) have tumors at several sites. (medscape.com)

A new technique designed to hunt for non-human transcripts has identified a novel SV40-like virus present in the majority of Merkel cell carcinomas. (parallelpublicworks.com)
Recently, it has been shown that approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas harbor a novel polyomavirus named Merkel cell polyomavirus, thought to be a carcinogenic agent. (elsevierpure.com)
However, it is not fully elucidated whether Merkel cell carcinomas differ with regard to the presence or absence of Merkel cell polyomavirus. (elsevierpure.com)
To address this, we investigated morphologic differences between Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive and -negative Merkel cell carcinomas by morphometry. (elsevierpure.com)
Using polymerase chain reaction and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Merkel cell polyomavirus was detected in 20 (77%) of 26 Merkel cell carcinoma cases, including 4 Merkel cell carcinomas combined with squamous cell carcinomas. (elsevierpure.com)
none of the 4 combined Merkel cell carcinomas + squamous cell carcinomas was positive for Merkel cell polyomavirus (P = .001). (elsevierpure.com)
001) and more abundant cytoplasm (P = .001) than Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive Merkel cell carcinomas, which had uniform round nuclei and scant cytoplasm. (elsevierpure.com)
Furthermore, the results strongly suggest fundamental biological differences between Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive and -negative Merkel cell carcinomas, supporting that Merkel cell polyomavirus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Merkel cell polyomavirus-positive Merkel cell carcinoma. (elsevierpure.com)
The pathways by which Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) infection contributes to the formation of Merkel cell carcinomas are important for understanding the pathogenesis of these cancers. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
2022. Snail maintains the stem/progenitor state of skin epithelial cells and carcinomas through the autocrine effect of matricellular protein Mindin. . (ncbs.res.in)
Merkel cell polyomavirus is implicated in a subset of Merkel cell carcinomas, in the Indian subcontinent. (ncbs.res.in)
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has renewed a grant for more than $2 million for Patrick Moore, M.D., M.P.H. , director of the Molecular Virology Program at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute (UPCI), who will use the money to continue research into the newest human cancer virus causing most Merkel cell carcinomas. (upmc.com)
More than half of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) occur in the head and neck of elderly people in areas of actinically damaged skin. (medscape.com)
Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) usually appear as indurated plaques or violaceous (red or deep purple) solitary and dome-shaped nodules. (medscape.com)
Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) usually occur in sun-damaged skin. (medscape.com)

In addition to its role in regulating MCV LT expression and DNA replication, MCV-miR-M1 has been shown to directly target and downregulate the expression of host cell immune related transcript SP100 and its role in the establishment of long-term persistent infection has been demonstrated in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
In six of eight MCV-positive MCCs, viral DNA was integrated within the tumor genome in a clonal pattern, suggesting that MCV infection and integration preceded clonal expansion of the tumor cells. (qxmd.com)
BACKGROUND: Infection with the human polyomaviruses BK (BKV) and JC (JCV) is almost ubiquitous, asymptomatic, and lifelong. (ox.ac.uk)
MicroRNA Expression Patterns Related to Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma. (medscape.com)
With an active viral infection, a virus makes copies of itself and bursts the host cell (killing it) to set the newly-formed virus particles free. (medicinenet.com)
Although overt inflammatory responses play a major role in malignant transformation of host cells following an infection, it is a disbalanced immune responses, which contribute to drive malignant transformation. (frontiersin.org)
While the majority of these cancers are infection-related, we should point out that in industrialized countries, the main cause is alcoholic cirrhosis," notes Prof. Stanislas Pol, Head of the Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells Unit and the Center for Translational Science at the Institut Pasteur, and Head of the Hepatology Department at Cochin Hospital. (pasteur.fr)
Human Merkel cell polyomavirus infection II. (yale.edu)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection Human papillomavirus (HPV) infects epithelial cells. (msdmanuals.com)

The prototype sequence of MCV has a 5387 base pair double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome and encodes characteristic polyomavirus genes from opposite strands including a large T antigen, a small T antigen (LT and sT, respectively, from early strand) and viral capsid proteins VP1 and VP2/3 genes (from late strand) Our Viruses - MCV. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike for other polyomaviruses, MCV sT antigen transforms cells in vitro by activating cap-dependent translation. (wikipedia.org)
Novel epitopes were identified by establishing T antigenipecific CD4 and CD8 T-cell clones from healthy donors which recognised antigen expressing cells. (bham.ac.uk)
fix, recommending that huge Testosterone levels antigen creates cell routine flaws, and when mutated might impair DNA fix also. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
These outcomes indicate that Testosterone levels antigen phrase by MCV can hinder crucial replies to UVR-induced DNA harm and recommend that modern MCV-mediated abrogation of genomic balance may end up being included in Merkel cell carcinogenesis. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Importantly, we show for three different epitopes that MCC specific T cells are capable of killing target cells expressing Large T antigen, including HLA-matched MCC cell lines, indicating that these T cells could provide functional activity upon in vivo transfer, and thus be employed in adoptive T cell therapy for MCC. (biomedcentral.com)
Kwun HJ, Shuda M, Feng H, Camacho CJ, Moore PS, Chang Y. Merkel cell polyomavirus small T antigen controls viral replication and oncoprotein expression by targeting the cellular ubiquitin ligase SCFFbw7. (medscape.com)
This lysosomal targeting technology has shown to lead to enhanced antigen presentation and a balanced immune response, including, ITI-3000 activated antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo. (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
These posters to be presented at the AACR Meeting focus on the investigational nucleic acid platform, UNITE™ (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression) for two vaccines, ITI-3000 for Merkel cell carcinoma (targeting the large T antigen of the Merkel cell polyomavirus) and Her2/Neu-LAMP DNA vaccine, both of which fuse a tumor associated antigen with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1). (biospace.com)
This proprietary lysosomal targeting technology results in enhanced antigen presentation and a balanced T cell response. (biospace.com)
To activate antigen-specific CD4 T cells in vivo, the investigators utilized the nucleic acid vaccine platform, UNITE (UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression), which fuses a tumor-associated antigen with lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1). (biospace.com)
Vaccination with LTS220A-UNITE (ITI-3000) induced antigen-specific CD4 Th1 cells that was associated with delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival in treated mice in both the prophylactic and therapeutic settings. (biospace.com)
CD154) is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of activated T cells, particularly on CD4 T cells, which stimulates CD40-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), resulting in enhancement of T cell and antibody responses. (biospace.com)
Thus, the local immunological milieu in tissue compartments forms the nature and magnitude of the host responses, i.e., frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) vs. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines vs. anti-inflammatory cytokines, extent of neutrophilia and antigen-presenting-cell (APC) activation, among others. (frontiersin.org)

Faust H, Andersson K, Ekström J, Hortlund M, Robsahm TE, Dillner J. Prospective study of Merkel cell polyomavirus and risk of Merkel cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

What causes Merkel cell carcinoma? (yahoo.com)
Mayo Clinic states that it's unclear what causes Merkel cell carcinoma. (yahoo.com)

Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Version 1.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. (cdc.gov)

Simple Summary Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer, which predominantly occurs on the head and neck. (unav.edu)
Having other types of skin cancer like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or melanoma. (clevelandclinic.org)
The following review highlights the topics of actinic keratoses, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma. (jcadonline.com)
They are often found near other lesions of actinically damaged skin, including skin involved with Bowen disease, squamous cell carcinoma , basal cell carcinoma , solar keratoses, or lentigo maligna . (medscape.com)
The nonspecific characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) lead to a lengthy differential diagnosis that includes basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthoma, amelanotic melanoma, epidermal cysts, lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma of the skin. (medscape.com)
MCC is about 30 times less common than melanoma and far less common than basal or squamous cell carcinoma, and the clinical features of MCC are not extremely specific. (medscape.com)

1.5 x 10(5) viral genome copies per 10(6) cells. (ox.ac.uk)

Nat Cell Biol 2020 May;22(5):603-615. (dana-farber.org)

Cutaneous metastasis of mixed neuroendocrine, sarcomatous, and squamous rectal carcinoma mimicking a Merkel cell polyomavirus-negative Merkel cell carcinoma. (bvsalud.org)
Since then, it has been referred to as cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell tumor of the skin, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, anaplastic carcinoma of the skin, murky cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor of the skin, or cutaneous APUDoma (a tumor composed of cells with amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation [APUD] cytochemical properties). (medscape.com)
The cell of origin is still a topic of debate, though most agree that MCC is of neuroendocrine origin. (medscape.com)
The origin of Merkel cells is unclear, as they share both epidermal and neuroendocrine features. (medscape.com)
Evidence suggests that Merkel cells communicate with nerve terminals by means of a glutamatergic pathway, implying that they may have a neuroendocrine origin. (medscape.com)
It is postulated that these cells may acquire neuroendocrine features during malignant transformation. (medscape.com)
Merkel cells and MCCs have similar neuroendocrine markers, such as neuron-specific enolase, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. (medscape.com)
The cells are a type of neuroendocrine cell that has both nervous system and endocrine system functions. (clevelandclinic.org)
TDPCs exhibit bipotent progenitor behavior as they give rise to both squamous and neuroendocrine epidermal lineages, whereas the remainder of the α6 + Sca1 + CD200 - epidermis does not give rise to Merkel cells. (biologists.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is the eponym for primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, a dermal neoplasm with cytoplasmic, dense-core neuroendocrine granules and keratin filaments. (medscape.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive, and often fatal neuroendocrine skin cancer. (medscape.com)

METHODS: Autopsy samples of lymphoid tissue from 42 AIDS-immunosuppressed subjects and 55 control samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction for all 5 polyomaviruses. (ox.ac.uk)

In 2017, avelumab became the first drug approved by the FDA for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma in adults and children aged 12 years or older. (medscape.com)
[ 20 ] In 2018, another PD-1 inhibitor, pembrolizumab, was approved for adults and children with metastatic or recurrent, locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
Indicated for adults and children with metastatic or recurrent, locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
License Application (sBLA) seeking accelerated approval for KEYTRUDA, Merck's anti-PD-1 therapy, for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). (merck.com)

[ 2 ] On the basis of the histologic characteristics of the tumor, he named it trabecular cell carcinoma of the skin. (medscape.com)

Both large T and small T oncoproteins are probably needed to transform healthy cells into cancer cells, and they act by targeting tumor suppressor proteins, such as retinoblastoma protein. (wikipedia.org)

Merkel cell polyomavirus: molecular insights into the most recently discovered human tumour virus. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Demonstrating the presence of oncoprotein-specific T cells among tumour infiltrating lymphocytes ex vivo further substantiated the relevance of the identified epitopes. (bmj.com)
An immunofluorescent staining of a Merkel cell carcinoma tumour tissue. (yahoo.com)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive skin cancer with strong evidence for viral carcinogenesis. (bmj.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an unusual and highly aggressive skin cancer and often appears in the elderly population. (medscape.com)

This showed MCC patients had frequent and strong MCV antibody responses but no differences in responses to other polyomaviruses suggesting no general defect in humoral immunity to these viruses. (bham.ac.uk)
MCC patients had lower frequencies of B-cells while T-cells from patients with active disease proliferated relatively poorly. (bham.ac.uk)
Strikingly, T-cell responses against oncoproteins were exclusively present in MCC patients, but not in healthy donors. (bmj.com)
Intratumoral CD8 T cell infiltration and the immunogenic capacity of the host have been strongly correlated to survival in patients with MCC. (biomedcentral.com)
Effect of radiation therapy on survival in patients with resected Merkel cell carcinoma: a propensity score surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database analysis. (medscape.com)
KEYNOTE-017 represents the longest observation to date of patients with advanced Merkel cell carcinoma receiving anti-PD-1 therapy in the first-line setting, and demonstrated durable tumor control in these patients. (merck.com)
We look forward to working closely with the FDA throughout the review process and to bringing KEYTRUDA to patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. (merck.com)
The Skin Cancer Foundation spoke with Paul Nghiem, MD, PhD, about landmark progress in the detection, monitoring and treatment of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but dangerous skin cancer. (skincancer.org)
A clinical stage biotechnology company Immunomic Therapeutics has received Fast Track Designation (FTD) from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its ITI-3000 programme to treat patients with Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC). (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
Immunomic Therapeutics CEO Dr. William Hearl said: "The FDA's decision to grant FTD underscores the potential for the ITI-3000 program to address a serious unmet need and serve as a meaningful therapeutic option for patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
Here, serum samples of four patients were tested for anti-GlyR autoantibodies and were used for the analysis of the functional impact on the electrophysiological properties of recombinant GlyRs, transiently expressed in HEK293 cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
This is a tricky one because 92% of MCC patients are not immune compromised, but those with long-term T-cell dysfunction (organ transplant recipients, autoimmune disease patients receiving immune suppression, HIV patients, chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients) are at much higher risk of developing MCC, but they represent less than 10% of all cases. (medscape.com)
When you consider the AEIOU characteristics together, almost 90% of Merkel patients have three or more of those five features. (medscape.com)

PD-L1/PD-1 interaction inhibits immune activation and reduces T-cell cytotoxic activity when bound. (medscape.com)
This negative feedback loop is essential for maintaining normal immune responses and limits T-cell activity to protect normal cells during chronic inflammation. (medscape.com)
Symptoms of the viral illness occur as a result of cell damage, tissue destruction, and the associated immune response. (medicinenet.com)
KEYTRUDA is an anti-PD-1 therapy that works by increasing the ability of the body's immune system to help detect and fight tumor cells. (merck.com)
By blocking protein receptors that normally keep the immune system in check, these drugs stimulate T cells to fight the tumor. (skincancer.org)
Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including antibodies that block programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and PD-L1, have transformed the management of many cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
The Genomic Landscape of Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Clinicogenomic Biomarkers of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. (cdc.gov)

It is suspected to cause the majority of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare but aggressive form of skin cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Based on its origin, the cancer cell type is called a neuroectodermal tumor. (wikipedia.org)
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) is a causative factor in Merkel cell cancer (MCC). (bham.ac.uk)
One such cancer is Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but aggressive skin malignancy. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive human skin cancer that typically affects elderly and immunosuppressed individuals, a feature suggestive of an infectious origin. (qxmd.com)
A SUV39H1-low chromatin state characterises and promotes migratory properties of cervical cancer cells. (ncbs.res.in)
2017. Oestrogen Receptor-α binds the FOXP3 promoter and modulates regulatory T-cell function in human cervical cancer. . (ncbs.res.in)
CD66 and CD49f expressing cells are associated with distinct neoplastic phenotypes and progression in human cervical cancer. (ncbs.res.in)
Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare type of skin cancer, is an aggressive and fast-growing disease that has been associated with mortality rates higher than other types of skin cancer, including melanoma," said Dr. (merck.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive and rare form of skin cancer that is often caused by a Merkel cell associated polyomavirus. (merck.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma is more likely to spread to other parts of the body than most types of skin cancer. (merck.com)
In this test, the physician verifies that no cancer cells have spread to the lymph nodes by removing and microscopically examining the first few nearby nodes that receive lymph fluid drainage from the primary tumor. (skincancer.org)
Jimmy Buffett died of a rare form of skin cancer: What is Merkel cell carcinoma? (yahoo.com)
According to the Canadian Cancer Society , Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare type of non-melanoma skin cancer. (yahoo.com)
While many factors play a role in survival rates for the cancer, experts estimate that three out of four people who have Merkel cell carcinoma that hasn't spread are alive five years after their diagnosis . (yahoo.com)
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare but aggressive type of skin cancer that can be life-threatening. (clevelandclinic.org)
Merkel cell carcinoma is a very rare type of skin cancer , affecting approximately 3,000 Americans every year. (clevelandclinic.org)
Merkel cell cancer. (clevelandclinic.org)
UV rays from sun exposure or artificial light sources like tanning beds cause most types of skin cancer, including Merkel cell carcinoma. (clevelandclinic.org)
Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive cancer that spreads quickly to other parts of your body. (clevelandclinic.org)
PP4 inhibition sensitizes ovarian cancer to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity via STAT1 activation and inflammatory signaling. (bmbreports.org)
A team led by Dr. Moore and Yuan Chang, M.D. discovered the Merkel cell polyomavirus in 2008, the seventh human cancer virus identified and the second discovered by Dr. Moore's group under the original NIH grant that expires March 31. (upmc.com)
Drs. Moore, Chang and their colleagues at Pitt identified a protein that allows the usually harmless polyomavirus to transform healthy cells into Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare but deadly skin cancer. (upmc.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Biomarkers of the transsulfuration pathway and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. (who.int)

This indicates that MCV is necessary to maintain the virus-positive tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
Targeting these epitopes are therefore likely to lead to specific recognition of the tumor cells bearing the Large T integration - that is essential for growth and survival of the tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, thereby activating T lymphocytes which may affect both tumor cells and healthy cells. (merck.com)
When you first find a melanoma or MCC tumor, the initial concern is whether tumor cells may have metastasized from the lesion (the primary tumor) to the nearest lymph nodes. (skincancer.org)

Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Recommendations for Diagnostics and Treatment. (medscape.com)
Common distribution of Merkel cell carcinoma in the head and neck is shown in the image below. (medscape.com)

Quantifying peripheral T-cell responses to the large- and small T-antigens in patient groups and healthy donors by ELISpot showed that like with other polyomaviruses, responses were weak. (bham.ac.uk)
Anti-glycine receptor (GlyR) autoantibodies belong to the novel group of autoantibodies that target neuronal cell-surface antigens (NCS), which are accompanied with various neurologic and neuropsychiatric conditions. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

These cells are thought to function as slowly adapting mechanoreceptors that mediate the senses of touch and hair movement. (medscape.com)
Merkel postulated that these cells acted as mechanoreceptors in all animals. (medscape.com)

The mechanisms used by certain viruses to dysregulate the host cell through manipulation of epigenetic processes and the role of cellular cofactors such as BRD4 that are known to be involved in epigenetic regulation of host cell pathways will also be covered. (mdpi.com)

Merkel cells are nondendritic, nonkeratinocytic epithelial cells located primarily in or near the basal layer of the epidermis. (medscape.com)
Epithelial stem cells in adult mammalian skin are known to maintain epidermal, follicular and sebaceous lineages during homeostasis. (biologists.com)

Although rare compared with other skin cancers, the incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma in the United States tripled between 1986 and 2001, to around 1400 cases per year. (wikipedia.org)

Polyomaviruses are small (~5400 base pair), non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses. (wikipedia.org)
In biomedical research, scientists use viruses to insert new genes into cells. (medicinenet.com)
Viruses infect a host by introducing their genetic material into the cells and hijacking the cell's internal machinery to make more virus particles. (medicinenet.com)
This review will address epigenetic regulation in members of the polyomaviruses, adenoviruses, human papillomaviruses, hepatitis B, and herpes viruses. (mdpi.com)
The viruses include the Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), and two herpes viruses - Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV). (hivplusmag.com)

We confirmed the relevance of these epitopes using a high-throughput platform for T-cell enrichment and combinatorial encoding of MHC class I multimers. (bmj.com)

But while Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is much rarer than melanoma, it is more dangerous case by case. (skincancer.org)
A: The classic ABCDE signs of melanoma don't work for Merkel cell carcinoma. (skincancer.org)
He has been member of the Directive Board of the CUN, President of its Educational Board, co-Director of the Cell Therapy Area of the University of Navarra and Director of the Department of Oncology on two periods, as well as one of the founders and the first President of the Spanish Melanoma Group (Grupo Español Multidisciplinar de Melanoma, GEM) (2008-2017). (unav.edu)

We further demonstrate both the processing and presentation of the oncoprotein-derived epitopes, as well as the lytic activity of oncoprotein-specific T cells towards MHC-matched MCC cells. (bmj.com)

For example, MCC develops almost exclusively in the dermis, whereas the overwhelming majority of Merkel cells are found in the epidermis, a site rarely involved with MCC. (medscape.com)
It develops in Merkel cells found in your skin's outer layer (your epidermis). (clevelandclinic.org)
Merkel cells are found deep in your epidermis (top layer of your skin ). (clevelandclinic.org)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an uncommon and aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that lacks distinguishing clinical features. (medscape.com)

They have no cells (only protein coatings surrounding genetic material). (medicinenet.com)
New insights into the functional role of protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit PP4R3A/SMEK1 in the regulation of leukemic cell fate. (bmbreports.org)

Further, clonal pattern of MCV insertions into MCC cell genomes indicates that the virus was present in the Merkel cell before it underwent cancerous transformation. (wikipedia.org)
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and other risk factors can cause these cells to become cancerous and grow uncontrollably. (clevelandclinic.org)

MCV is the fifth polyomavirus that infects humans to be discovered. (wikipedia.org)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has a propensity to recur and to cause local and distant metastases. (medscape.com)

We investigated the T cell recognition of 398 in silico predicted HLA-ligands from Large T, Small T and VP1 and identified T-cell responses restricted to HLA-A1, A2, A3, A11 and B7. (biomedcentral.com)

Clinical and molecular characterization of virus-positive and virus-negative Merkel cell carcinoma. (dana-farber.org)

Here, we have identified a previously undescribed population of epidermal progenitors that reside in the touch domes of hairy skin, termed touch dome progenitor cells (TDPCs). (biologists.com)

The group is named for murine polyomavirus, the earliest virus of the group to be discovered, and does not imply that MCV is transmitted to humans from rodents. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, recent studies suggest that this virus may latently infect the human sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] MCV is genetically most closely related to the African green monkey lymphotropic polyomavirus (formerly known as African green monkey lymphotropic papovavirus), which is consistent with MCV coevolving with human primates. (wikipedia.org)
Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma. (qxmd.com)

Merkel cell carcinoma: changing incidence trends. (medscape.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms3

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Information Science1

Called Merkel cell carc1

MCPyV24

Tumors18

Carcinomas15

Infection9

Antigen14

Risk of Merkel cell carc1

Causes Merkel cell carc2

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in1

Squamous Cell Carc6

Genome1

20201

Neuroendocrine11

Polymerase chain re1

Metastatic4

Carcinoma of the skin1

Proteins1

Tumour3

Aggressive skin cancer2

Patients13

Immune8

Cancer25

Tumor cells4

Head and Neck2

Antigens2

Mechanoreceptors2

Pathways1

Epithelial2

Cancers1

Viruses5

Combinatorial1

Melanoma3

Epitopes1

Epidermis3

Cutaneous1

Protein2

Cancerous2

Infects1

Propensity1

Responses1

Molecular1

Epidermal1

Humans1

Human3

Incidence1