AnesthesiaDiffer from cocaineEpiduralParalysisNerveConductionMedicationSodium channelsSpinalInjectionEffectsSolutionGeneralActionAreaSurgeryPainLidocaineBupivacaineBenzocaineSystemic toxicityAmidesAminoAmide1884CardiacSpinal anestheticsChronicAcute painAgentsDosageAgentRareVarietyIncreaseNamesIntroductionFunctionMultiple
Anesthesia11
- Short Duration of Action and Low Potency Benzocaine Procaine Chloroprocaine Medium Duration of Action and Medium Potency Lidocaine Prilocaine High Duration and High Potency Tetracaine Bupivacaine Cinchocaine Ropivacaine Local anesthetics may be used to prevent and/or treat acute pain, to treat chronic pain, and as a supplement to general anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
- They are used in various techniques of local anesthesia such as: Topical anesthesia (surface anesthesia) Topical administration of cream, gel, ointment, liquid, or spray of anesthetic dissolved in DMSO or other solvents/carriers for deeper absorption Infiltration Brachial plexus block Epidural block (extradural) Spinal anesthesia (subarachnoid block) Iontophoresis Diagnostic purposes (e.g. dibucaine) Anti-arrhythmic agents (e.g. lidocaine). (wikipedia.org)
- However, many anesthetists, surgeons, patients and nurses believe that it is safer to perform major surgeries under local anesthesia than general anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
- Typical operations performed under conduction anesthesia include: Diagnostic tests such as bone marrow aspiration, lumbar puncture (spinal tap) and aspiration of cysts or other structures are made to be less painful upon administration of local anesthetic before insertion of larger needles. (wikipedia.org)
- Local anesthesia is also used during insertion of IV devices, such as pacemakers and implantable defibrillators, ports used for giving chemotherapy medications and hemodialysis access catheters. (wikipedia.org)
- Surface anesthesia also facilitates some endoscopic procedures such as bronchoscopy (visualization of the lower airways) or cystoscopy (visualization of the inner surface of the bladder) Edema of tongue, pharynx and larynx may develop as a side effect of local anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
- I am used in local anesthesia and dysrhythmias-by suppressing cardiac excitability by blocking sodium channels. (freezingblue.com)
- srface anesthesia is accomplished by applying anesthetic how? (freezingblue.com)
- d) Local anesthesia, 4.During epidural analgesia the following points suggests that needle is in the extradural space c) Meningitis c) Easy to administer That is only natural. (usiad.net)
- Administered with local anesthesia to peripheral nerve bundles, such as the brachial plexus in the neck. (wikidoc.org)
- Local anesthesia is similar to regional anesthesia, but exerts its effect on a smaller area of the body. (wikidoc.org)
Differ from cocaine1
- LAs are of 2 types: Clinical LAs: amino amide LAs amino ester LAs Synthetic LAs Cocaine derivatives Synthetic cocaine-derived LAs differ from cocaine because they have a much lower abuse potential and do not cause hypertension vasoconstriction (with few exceptions). (wikipedia.org)
Epidural2
- b) Enflurane d) Renal failure, 75.The activity of muscles of eyeball during ether anaesthesia is well marked d) Cocaine, 28.Epidural analgesia is suitable for e) 10th, 49.Cauda Equina syndrome can be caused by * i was wondering if while i was going through the studies for becoming an anesthesiologist if i could be come an ob/gyn along the way. (usiad.net)
- Regional block resulting from an injection of a large volume of local anesthetic into the epidural space . (wikidoc.org)
Paralysis1
- When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block), paralysis (loss of muscle function) also can be induced. (wikipedia.org)
Nerve1
- All nerve fibres are sensitive to local anesthetics, but generally, those with a smaller diameter tend to be more sensitive than larger fibres. (wikidoc.org)
Conduction1
- Local anesthetics block conduction in the following order: small myelinated axons (e.g. those carrying nociceptive impulses), non-myelinated axons, then large myelinated axons. (wikidoc.org)
Medication2
- A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes unconsciousness. (wikipedia.org)
- The suffix "-caine" at the ends of these medication names is derived from the word "cocaine", because cocaine was formerly used as a local anesthetic. (wikipedia.org)
Sodium channels1
- Local anesthetic drugs bind more readily to "open" sodium channels, thus onset of neuronal blockade is faster in neurons that are rapidly firing. (wikidoc.org)
Spinal1
- Refers to a Regional block resulting from a small volume of local anesthetics being injected into the spinal canal . (wikidoc.org)
Injection1
- While traditionally administered as a single injection, newer techniques involve placement of indwelling catheters for continuous or intermittent administration of local anesthetics. (wikidoc.org)
Effects1
- My anesthetic effects last about an hour. (freezingblue.com)
Solution1
- c) Weaker solution of local anesthetic How do you prioritize your work? (usiad.net)
General1
- a) Increased peristalsis a) 1 st and 10th c) Proprioception Multiple choice questions concerning general anesthetics are presented. (usiad.net)
Action1
- Acidosis such as caused by inflammation at a wound partly reduces the action of local anesthetics. (wikidoc.org)
Area1
- Blanching of the tissues in the area where the local anesthetic is deposited is also common. (wikipedia.org)
Surgery2
- Local anesthetics are most commonly used to eliminate pain during or after surgery. (wikipedia.org)
- It includes gathering history of previous anesthetics, and any other medical problems, physical examination, ordering required blood work and consultations prior to surgery. (wikidoc.org)
Pain1
- Though it can be easily performed, repeated local anesthetic blocks in chronic pain conditions are not recommended as there is no evidence of long-term benefits. (wikipedia.org)
Lidocaine7
- Combinations include lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) and lidocaine/tetracaine (Rapydan), lidocaine/epinephrine/tetracaine (LET), and tetracaine/adrenaline/cocaine (TAC). (medscape.com)
- Short Duration of Action and Low Potency Benzocaine Procaine Chloroprocaine Medium Duration of Action and Medium Potency Lidocaine Prilocaine High Duration and High Potency Tetracaine Bupivacaine Cinchocaine Ropivacaine Local anesthetics may be used to prevent and/or treat acute pain, to treat chronic pain, and as a supplement to general anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
- Lidocaine is used widely as an injectable local anesthetic, occasionally as an intravenous drug for cardiac arrhythmias, and increasingly as a topical anesthetic. (medscape.com)
- Intradermal testing with lidocaine 1%, mepivacaine 2%, and bupivacaine 0.5% was performed on 8 patients, resulting in positive reactions to lidocaine in 3 patients and to mepivacaine in 1 patient. (medscape.com)
- Delayed hypersensitivity to lidocaine may present as "suture allergy," treatment failure, typical contact allergy, or other local skin or dental reactions. (medscape.com)
- The major breakthrough in the chemistry of local anesthetic agents occurred in 1943, when Loefgren synthesized lidocaine, an amide derivative of diethylamino acid. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] Lidocaine is widely used as an injectable local anesthetic (intravenously for cardiac arrhythmias) and as a topical anesthetic. (medscape.com)
Bupivacaine4
- Bupivacaine is the agent of choice for most spinal anesthetics, with standard hyperbaric formulation 0.75% bupivacaine in 8.25% dextrose. (medscape.com)
- According to another aspect of the above embodiments, the at least one local anesthetic is bupivacaine. (justia.com)
- Avoid additional local anesthetic administration within 96 hr following bupivacaine implantation. (medscape.com)
- cocaine topical, bupivacaine implant. (medscape.com)
Benzocaine2
- Concomitant patch-test reactions occurred with neomycin 20% (10 cases), bacitracin 20% (9 cases), fragrance mix 8% (3 cases), balsam of Peru 25% (2 cases), and dibucaine 2.5% and benzocaine 5% (1 case each). (medscape.com)
- Amino esters, such as benzocaine, chloroprocaine, cocaine, proparacaine and tetracaine are rapidly metabolized, less likely to result in systemic toxicity with a slow onset of action. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Systemic toxicity2
- Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare but well described potentially lethal event following the administration of a local anesthetic agent 1 . (anesthesioljournal.com)
- If use of additional local anesthetics is unavoidable based on clinical need, monitor for neurologic and cardiovascular effects related to local anesthetic systemic toxicity. (medscape.com)
Amides1
- Local anesthetics can be classified as amino amides or amino esters which have different characteristics. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Amino1
- LAs are of 2 types: Clinical LAs: amino amide LAs amino ester LAs Synthetic LAs Cocaine derivatives Synthetic cocaine-derived LAs differ from cocaine because they have a much lower abuse potential and do not cause hypertension vasoconstriction (with few exceptions). (wikipedia.org)
Amide1
- Reports of allergic contact dermatitis and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to this "amide" anesthetic are limited. (medscape.com)
18842
- But it was not until 1884 that cocaine was introduced clinically and not until 1905 that procaine was introduced as the first safe local anesthetic. (medscape.com)
- Dr. William Halsted performed a peripheral nerve block by injecting cocaine in a patient's exposed brachial plexus in 1884 with tremendous results 6 . (anesthesioljournal.com)
Cardiac1
- The third patient is an 80-year-old male, who after an elective L4-L5 laminectomy and fusion, suffered a cardiac arrest after receiving local anesthetic (Exparel and Marcaine) at the time of closure. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Spinal anesthetics1
- Although peripheral nerve blocks, epidurals, and spinal anesthetics usually produce numbness for about 4 to about 12 hours, they are ineffective for long duration. (justia.com)
Chronic5
- Though it can be easily performed, repeated local anesthetic blocks in chronic pain conditions are not recommended as there is no evidence of long-term benefits. (wikipedia.org)
- A microsphere is claimed which includes at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one local anesthetic, wherein about 75% of the at least one local anesthetic is released by about 72 hours and from about 80% to about 90% of the at least one local anesthetic is released by about 120 hours, thereby relieving chronic pain for at least 28 days. (justia.com)
- While a variety of local and other anesthetic methods have been shown to reduce postoperative pain, the mechanisms of effect in chronic pain, unlike acute pain, are not well-understood since such drugs are known to act on multiple different targets. (justia.com)
- There has been a lack of published information regarding the optimization of drug dosing and drug release kinetics of local anesthetics in treating chronic postoperative pain. (justia.com)
- The microsphere includes at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one local anesthetic, wherein the at least one local anesthetic is released substantially linearly for approximately first 120 hours, thereby relieving chronic pain for at least 28 days. (justia.com)
Acute pain1
- Local anesthetics have previously been used perioperatively to reduce acute pain. (justia.com)
Agents3
- With concerns for opioid addiction came the implementation of non-narcotic techniques to alleviate pain, specifically, the utilization of regional anesthetic agents. (anesthesioljournal.com)
- The instillation of local anesthetic agents as part of a multimodal approach to pain has been proven to reduce the use of narcotics 9 . (anesthesioljournal.com)
- When looking at the types and dosing, we will refer to Table 1 and 2, this provides an overview of appropriate and maximum dosing which is important for practitioners utilizing local anesthetic agents. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Dosage1
- In embodiments, the present disclosure relates to optimized pain management as a function of dosage and release kinetics of local anesthetics from implantable biodegradable microspheres. (justia.com)
Agent1
- Due to the toxic and addictive effects of cocaine, attention shifted to using a less toxic anesthetic agent. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Rare1
- [ 2 ] True immunologic reactions to a local anesthetic are rare and account for less than 1% of all adverse reactions to these preparations. (medscape.com)
Variety1
- Several other treatment strategies have also been employed, including continuous infusion of local anesthetics, e.g., through a catheter placed in the wound, and a variety of materials that slowly release drug(s) into tissue around the wound. (justia.com)
Increase1
- Comment: Local anesthetics may increase the risk of developing methemoglobinemia when concurrently exposed to drugs that also cause methemoglobinemia. (medscape.com)
Names1
- The suffix "-caine" at the ends of these medication names is derived from the word "cocaine", because cocaine was formerly used as a local anesthetic. (wikipedia.org)
Introduction1
- Local anesthetics: introduction and history. (anesthesioljournal.com)
Function1
- When it is used on specific nerve pathways (local anesthetic nerve block), paralysis (loss of muscle function) also can be induced. (wikipedia.org)
Multiple1
- the second in a 69 year old woman following a rib block using local Exparel and Marcaine for the management of multiple rib fractures, who had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure requiring intubation. (anesthesioljournal.com)