Meningitis cases in africa. Medical search. Frequent questions

A powerful feature that contributes to the remarkable effectiveness of the MenAfriVac vaccine and other bacterial meningitis conjugate vaccines introduced in large-scale campaigns is the reduction of human-to-human respiratory transmission of encapsulated N. meningitidis and the induction of herd protection among unvaccinated persons," he wrote in an accompanying editorial . (medpagetoday.com)
Similar to other bacterial meningitis, the incidence of meningococcal meningitis is seasonally dependent, with peaks during the dry season (December-May) and decreases rapidly, even in times of major epidemics with the start of the rainy season [ 14 , 15 ]. (springer.com)
Therapy included parenteral chloramphenicol and penicillin, the Abbassia Fever Hospital standard initial antibiotic regimen for presumed bacterial meningitis [2]. (who.int)
However, the chronicity of the infection (having symptoms for over 2 weeks before presentation to the hospital) and the preponderance of lymphocytes in the CSF were not the typical presentation of bacterial meningitis. (who.int)
This review focuses on common presentations of treatable bacterial and viral meningitis in the neonatal period, defined as the period from birth to 44 weeks after conception. (medscape.com)
Among US neonates, group B streptococci (GBS) are the most commonly identified causes of bacterial meningitis, implicated in roughly 50% of all cases. (medscape.com)
The World Health Organization on Thursday Sept. 8, 2022 said it is launching a $1.5 billion campaign, hopefully including a new vaccine, to eliminate outbreaks of bacterial meningitis across Africa by 2030. (clickondetroit.com)
The vaccine could be rolled out next year and administered in widespread drives until 2030, when the WHO hopes to have stopped bacterial meningitis outbreaks in the continent of 54 countries and 1.3 billion people, she said. (clickondetroit.com)
Bacterial meningitis is the most deadly, according to the WHO. (clickondetroit.com)
In additional to our role supporting the care of patients, we also support surveillance of bacterial meningitis. (cdc.gov)
Surveillance with strong laboratory capacity allows us to see the disease trends due to individual bacterial meningitis pathogens that are rampant in Burkina Faso. (cdc.gov)
Meningococcal meningitis is an acute infectious bacterial disease. (gov.tw)
While viral meningitis is more common and less serious than bacterial meningitis, it can still cause long-term problems and even be deadly in countries where populations do not have immediate access to treatment. (borgenproject.org)
The U.K.'s National Health Service (NHS) estimates that one out of 10 cases of bacterial meningitis is lethal. (borgenproject.org)
Furthermore, some 33% to 50% of survivors of bacterial meningitis face at least one permanent health problem. (borgenproject.org)
Moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) states that bacterial meningitis, which is highly prevalent in the meningitis belt, can kill within as little as 24 hours . (borgenproject.org)
The disease is bacterial meningitis , an infection that inflames the brain and spinal cord. (humanosphere.org)
A Syracuse University student has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis, according to Karen Nardella, M.D., Medical Director with Syracuse University Health Services. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial form of meningitis, a serious infection of the thin lining that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. (africacdc.org)
Of the reported suspected cases only an approximate 7% of cases were laboratory tested, of which approximately 46.2% of these cases were confirmed positive for bacterial meningitis. (emory.edu)
The image below depicts acute bacterial meningitis. (medscape.com)
Acute bacterial meningitis. (medscape.com)
however, subacute bacterial meningitis often poses a diagnostic challenge. (medscape.com)
The identification of bacteria responsible for Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) as well as the serogrouping of Neisseria meningitidis species were achieved by real-time PRC (rtPCR). (santetropicale.com)
For 56% of patients with suspected pyogenic meningitis, no specific bacterial pathogen could be identified. (who.int)
Meningococcal meningitis is a bacterial form of meningitis, a serious infection of the meninges (brain membrane). (bvsalud.org)
Hi serotype b (Hib) was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children in the pre-Hib vaccine era, and secondary transmission of Hi among children (e.g., to household contacts and in child care facilities) (1,2) led to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation for antibiotic chemoprophylaxis to prevent Hib disease in certain circumstances. (cdc.gov)

Clusters of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) provide strong evidence of areas that need to be prioritised for improved antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, and improved ART coverage is associated with a reduction in new TB cases, according to research carried out in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa, published in July in Nature Scientific Reports . (aidsmap.com)
TB is the single largest cause of death in South Africa and people living with HIV are at especially high risk of developing active TB. (aidsmap.com)
TB case reporting from South Africa suggests that the areas of highest TB incidence do not always match the areas of highest HIV prevalence. (aidsmap.com)
Foreign African migrants in South Africa, whether documented or undocumented, are vulnerable.The situation of Zimbabweans in Limpopo province shows two aspects of the problem. (hrw.org)
Along with colleagues in Indonesia and South Africa they are now conducting a bigger study, including 500 people, to see whether high dose rifampicin can reduce death and disability from TB meningitis. (org.ug)
We have also made progress towards increasing production in Africa, through the recent establishment of a technology transfer hub for mRNA vaccines in South Africa, and through our work with many countries including Rwanda and Senegal to boost local production. (who.int)

The African miningitis belt/ReliefWeb The roll-out of a revolutionary meningitis vaccination in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger has dramatically cut transmission rates, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and if each country can find sufficient funds to co-finance the campaign, it will be extended to all 25 countries in the Africa meningitis belt by 2016, says the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI). (africanewsanalysis.com)
Therefore, this study aimed to establish the trends in N. meningitidis serogroups from 2016 to 2020 in Ghana's meningitis belt. (springer.com)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed laboratory results of suspected cases of cerebrospinal meningitis from January, 2016 to March, 2020 were obtained from the Tamale Public Health Laboratory. (springer.com)
The last reported case of Polio in Nigeria was in August 2016. (typepad.com)
Fiona Cresswell is a medical doctor with a specialisation in HIV and sexual health and has been based in Uganda since 2016 working with the meningitis research team at the Infectious Diseases Institute (IDI), Kampala and the Clinical Research Department at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. (org.ug)

Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and Niger were accountable for 65% of all cases in Africa. (wikipedia.org)
Rasmata Ouédraogo-Traoré PhD is the Chief of the Medical Analysis Laboratory of the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric Hospital, which houses the National Reference Laboratory for meningitis in Burkina Faso, and a professor of bacteriology-virology, medical sciences and pharmacy at the University of Ouagadougou. (cdc.gov)
A concerned mother in Burkina Faso says to me, "I think that meningitis is transmitted through eating unripe green mangoes, so I've told my children to stop eating green mangoes. (cdc.gov)
The problem of meningitis in Burkina Faso is a long story. (cdc.gov)
FOR the second year running, Burkina Faso is struggling with an outbreak of meningitis exacerbated by a virulent strain of meningococcus called W135. (vaccinealliance.org)
The African 'meningitis belt' is accustomed to outbreaks caused by the more familiar meningococcal strains, or serogroups, known as A and C. But last year the W135 serogroup, which had until then appeared only sporadically in Africa, emerged to kill more than 1700 in Burkina Faso. (vaccinealliance.org)
for example, in Burkina Faso, a country which reported 40,000 meningitis cases in 2006 and 2007, 12 million people were vaccinated and since 2010, no cases of meningitis A have been diagnosed in vaccinated individuals. (chop.edu)
Cerebrospinal meningitis remains a burden and non-vaccine serogroups have taken place in epidemics in Burkina Faso. (santetropicale.com)

In 2014 during its outbreak, it led to majority of deaths especially in some impoverished area of West Africa and its effect is still witnessed up till date. (bvsalud.org)

GMT ratios favored the NmCV-5 vaccine across all serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis , the predominant cause of meningitis epidemics, ranging from 1.7 (95% CI 1.5-1.9) for serogroup A to 2.8 (95% CI 2.3-3.5) for serogroup C, with serogroup X responses also hitting prespecified criteria for noninferiority for both measures. (medpagetoday.com)
It extends from Senegal to Ethiopia, and the primary cause of meningitis in the belt is Neisseria meningitidis. (wikipedia.org)
Neisseria meningitidis is found in other parts of the world as well, but the highest rates occur in the "meningitis belt. (wikipedia.org)
Historically, 90% of outbreaks in the meningitis belt were primarily due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA). (wikipedia.org)
Serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis was the major cause of meningococcal meningitis epidemics in the African meningitis belt before 2010 when the monovalent meningococcal A conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac) was introduced in the region. (springer.com)
Neisseria meningitidis is one of the most common causes of meningitis worldwide. (springer.com)
That epidemic of meningitis was mainly due to serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis for which the population had not been vaccinated. (cdc.gov)
The bacteria Neisseria meningitides meningitides serogroup C was the most dominant disease-causing strain, accounting for approximately 75.4% of positive cases. (emory.edu)
The frequency of ABM was 21.70% (156/719), with Streptococcus pneumoniae leading 44.88% (70/156), follow by Neisseria meningitis 42.94% (67/156) and Haemophillus influenzae 12.18% (19/156). (santetropicale.com)
Among the cases of meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, only serogroups C and X were detected with 68.65% (46/67) and 31.35% (21/67) respectively. (santetropicale.com)
La recherche de bactéries responsables de Méningites Bactériennes Aiguës (MBA) ainsi que le sérogroupage des espèces de Neisseria meningitidis ont été réalisés par la PCR en temps réel (rtPCR). (santetropicale.com)
La fréquence des MBA était de 21,70% (156/719), avec Streptococcus pneumoniae en tête 44,88% (70/156) suivi de Neisseria meningitidis 42,94% (67/156) et Haemophilus influenzae 12,18% (19/156). (santetropicale.com)
BACKGROUND: To combat Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A epidemics in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa, a meningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) has been progressively rolled out since 2010. (bvsalud.org)

An estimated 2.5 million cases of meningitis were reported worldwide in 2019, resulting in more than 236,000 deaths and long-term neurologic disabilities or other complications for many who survive invasive disease. (medpagetoday.com)
In 2009, meningitis infected at least 88,000 people across sub-Saharan Africa and led to more than 5,000 deaths. (africanewsanalysis.com)
According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 500,000 cases and 50,000 deaths annually worldwide are associated with N. meningitidis, with children and young adults being the most vulnerable [ 9 ]. (springer.com)
Children are most threatened according to WHO data that shows about half of meningitis cases and deaths occur in children under 5 years of age. (clickondetroit.com)
Alarmingly, around 60% of meningitis-related deaths occur along the African meningitis belt, a region that runs from Gambia and Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in easternmost Africa. (borgenproject.org)
Worldwide, approximately 1 million cases of HIV-associated cryptococcol meningitis occur annually and disease accounts for more than 600,000 deaths. (medscape.com)
The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) in the Netherlands are reporting dozens of meningococcal meningitis cases this year, resulting in 11 deaths, according to an AD news. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
however, the number of cases and deaths vary significantly as climatic conditions vary by region from year to year. (osu.edu)
So far this year in Burkina, there have been almost 6000 cases of meningitis and more than 800 deaths. (vaccinealliance.org)
FINDINGS: From Jan 1 to June 30, 2015, 9367 suspected meningitis cases and 549 deaths were reported in Niger. (bvsalud.org)
When I addressed you a year ago, the African region had just experienced its first large wave of COVID-19 cases and deaths. (who.int)
I am pleased to see that cases and deaths in the region have now been declining for several weeks. (who.int)

In comparison, the highest TB notification rate in the United Kingdom in 2018 was 21 cases per 100,000 in London. (aidsmap.com)
Along these lines, an initiative known as "Defeating Meningitis by 2030" was announced in May 2018 by Eastern Mediterranean and African regions at the World Health Assembly with the objective of strategizing roadmap for preventing meningitis through control activities and research. (articlerich.com)
For instance, as per the WHO 2018 report, around 30,000 cases of meningitis are reported every year from sub-Saharan Africa. (grandviewresearch.com)
National Routine surveillance data for suspected cases of meningococcal meningitismeningitis was collected for the years of 2017 and 2018 (n=13,585). (emory.edu)
Samples were collected from September 2018 to August 2019 as part of the case-by-case surveillance of meningitis in BF. (santetropicale.com)

As cases of neonatal enteroviral sepsis and aseptic meningitis come to be more frequently recognized, reporting and identification of more virulent serotypes as they affect infants are likely to play a growing role. (medscape.com)
Patients with aseptic meningitis syndrome usually appear clinically nontoxic, with no vascular instability. (medscape.com)
Manifestations include a nonspecific minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis), sometimes aseptic meningitis without. (msdmanuals.com)

Of patients with AIDS in the United States, cryptococcal meningitis occurs more commonly in African Americans than in whites. (medscape.com)
They generally include Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), toxoplasma encephalitis, cryptococcal meningitis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, tuberculosis (TB), disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), or pneumococcal respiratory disease. (medscape.com)

Epidemics in Africa are most prevalent in all or parts of 18 countries that stretch across sub-Saharan Africa, commonly referred to as the Meningitis Belt. (chop.edu)

The Meningitis Vaccine Project was conceived in 2001 as an effort to stop the spread of meningitis in this region. (wikipedia.org)
Costs of producing the vaccine were significantly reduced under the Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP), a partnership between PATH and WHO, which brought costs down to less than one tenth of the US$500 million usually required to develop and bring a new vaccine to market. (africanewsanalysis.com)
The Meningitis Vaccine Project , a collaboration involving many players but led by PATH and the WHO and mostly funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, was launched way back in 2001 and took a lot of work, not to mention creative thinking aimed at challenging the common wisdom - of how to make a vaccine. (humanosphere.org)
This is such a huge success but what we need to do now is sustain it," said Marie-Pierre Préziosi , director of the Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP) based in Geneva. (humanosphere.org)

Epidemic preparedness is the way forward in providing available, affordable, and accessible vaccines relevant to regions prone to meningitis outbreaks," she continued. (medpagetoday.com)
Having meningitis vaccines should be a public health priority to prevent catastrophic outcomes during an outbreak and would be a game changer in the fight against meningitis. (medpagetoday.com)
Despite challenges, "the MVP should be taken as a model to develop other meningitis vaccines, and vaccines for other diseases, so they are reasonable and widely available," she said. (africanewsanalysis.com)
Despite the development of effective vaccines, useful tools for rapid identification of pathogens and potent antimicrobial drugs, neonatal meningitis continues to contribute substantially to neurological disability worldwide. (medscape.com)
That NmCV-5 proved effective in protecting against all five strains marks an unprecedented development in the field of meningitis vaccines in Africa. (borgenproject.org)
This is a critical step toward a meningitis-free future, as other vaccines either provide immunity against fewer strains or have remained too costly to have widespread reach. (borgenproject.org)
Meningococcal vaccines are bound to make inroads to growth due to increasing incidences of meningitis all across. (articlerich.com)
However, there are vaccines available for horses, which represent 96.9 percent of all reported nonhuman mammalian cases. (osu.edu)
Looking farther back in history, it took decades to go from pathogen identification to first approval for meningitis, whooping cough, measles and hepatitis vaccines 3 . (nature.com)
I'm pleased that the first shipments started this month, using Johnson & Johnson vaccines that were filled in Africa. (who.int)
Between now and the end of the year, we expect the volume of vaccines coming to Africa to increase substantially. (who.int)

5 All countries in the African Region except Algeria, Mauritius and Seychelles, have conducted measles SIAs since the adoption of the Regional measles mortality reduction goals in 2001. (who.int)
o There were 534 suspected cases of Measles reported from 34 States. (typepad.com)
On the other hand, the next generation sequencing approach, performed less well than the Xpert Ultra but yielded lots of interesting insights into the other pathogens causing meningitis in this population (including measles and varicella zoster virus, and toxoplasma gondii) and a host CSF ribonucleic acid (RNA) signature is predictive of TB meningitis. (org.ug)
RESULTS: During 2004-2012, performance indicator targets for case-based surveillance and routine measles vaccination were not met. (bvsalud.org)
During July 1, 2010-December 30, 2012, high measles attack rates (>100 cases per 100,000 population) occurred in provinces that had estimated MCV1 coverage lower than the national estimate and did not implement planned 2010 SIAs. (bvsalud.org)

Meningitis is a serious infection of the membranes protecting the brain and spinal cord, according to WHO. (clickondetroit.com)
Several different viruses and bacteria can cause Meningitis , a condition that inflames the protective membranes of the brain and spinal cord. (borgenproject.org)
In collaboration with University of Minnesota and University of California San Francisco they conducted a prospective observational study in adults presenting with suspected meningitis to Kiruddu National Referral Hospital and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital to examine the diagnostic performance of both high- and low-technology novel assays on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF, the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord). (org.ug)

On the basis of these trial data, NmCV-5 may emerge as a tool to support meningococcal disease control, particularly across the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa, and thus may contribute to epidemic elimination and the other goals of the global road map for the Defeating Meningitis by 2030 program ," concluded Clarke and colleagues. (medpagetoday.com)

Given this changing epidemiology, U.S. surveillance data were reviewed to investigate secondary cases of invasive disease caused by Hi. (cdc.gov)

Earlier today, the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo announced the end of the most recent Ebola outbreak, three months after the first case was reported in North Kivu. (bvsalud.org)

Since then, meningococcal outbreaks in the meningitis belt have primarily been due to serogroups C and W. A few serogroup X outbreaks have also been reported. (wikipedia.org)
Serogroup A Meningococcal Meningitis threatens the lives of 450 million people across 26 countries in Africa's meningitis belt, mostly children and young adults. (cdc.gov)
Historically, 8 in 10 cases of meningitis in this region were caused by serogroup A meningococcus. (cdc.gov)
The Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine (MenAfriVac®) protects against serogroup A meningococcal meningitis saving lives and money. (cdc.gov)
The introduction of this vaccine has dramatically reduced the number of meningitis cases and eliminated outbreaks caused by serogroup A. This is a giant step toward achieving elimination of epidemic meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. (cdc.gov)
This study showed the emergence of serogroup X, a non-vaccine type, as the predominant N. meningitidis serogroup in the wake of a declining serogroup W in Ghana's meningitis belt. (springer.com)
Serogroup A meningococcus is implicated in a significant number of epidemics of meningitis that occur in the African meningitis belt and China but rarely in industrialised countries. (springer.com)
However, serogroup W also causes endemic diseases in some African meningitis belt countries. (springer.com)
Serogroup A epidemics in Africa's meningitis belt occur every 8-12 years, with each wave following a gradual increase in volume-decrease in the volume of cases pattern [ 14 ]. (springer.com)
The districts of Sebba and Gayeri were the most affected by serogroup C with 31 and 6 cases respectively. (santetropicale.com)

Page 2 received the new meningococcal meningitis A conjugate vaccine. (who.int)
Beginning in 2010, in an effort to reduce the number of cases of meningococcus, a newly developed meningococcal A conjugate vaccine, known as MenAfriVac, was introduced to countries in the Meningitis Belt. (chop.edu)

West Nile virus (WNV) is a viral disease that can cause encephalitis or meningitis, infection of the brain and the spinal cord or their protective covering. (osu.edu)

Although no new cases of meningitis A have been recorded in the past five years on the continent due to a robust vaccination program, the outbreak of the COVID -19 pandemic and attendant restrictions has left "hundreds of millions" of Africans at risk, said Moeti. (clickondetroit.com)
Imagine how the world would react if with a massive vaccination campaign we could, in one fell swoop, completely eliminate a disease in Africa that regularly threatened as much death, havoc and suffering as the current Ebola outbreak. (humanosphere.org)
Meningitis Vaccine are used for prevention (routine immunization) and in response to outbreaks (prompt reactive vaccination). (africacdc.org)
A mass vaccination campaign across Africa virtually wipes out Meningitis A in participating countries. (cgdev.org)
L'incidence des méningites à H.influenzae type b a diminué de près de 100 % après la mise en oeuvre du programme national de vaccination en 2001, alors que celle des cas dus à S. pneumoniae et N. meningitidis est restée stable. (who.int)

Large epidemics of the disease due to meningococci have spread during the last decade throughout a large area of Africa's 'meningitis belt' and outside [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
A young woman holding an infant during one of the early and massive immunization campaigns in Africa's Meningitis Belt. (humanosphere.org)
Africa CDC strengthens the capacity and capability of Africa's public health institutions as well as partnerships to detect and respond quickly and effectively to disease threats and outbreaks, based on data-driven interventions and programmes. (africacdc.org)

Trialed on a total of 1,800 people from age 2 to 29, the vaccine was shown to produce an immune response against the five main strains of meningitis bacteria that plague those living in what is known as the "African meningitis belt. (borgenproject.org)
The prevalence of five different strains of meningococcal bacteria across the meningitis belt has, until now, hindered efforts to eradicate the disease. (borgenproject.org)
Apart from NmCV-5 being effective against the newest emerging X strain of meningococcus bacteria, it also aims to be inexpensive and widely available in sub-Saharan Africa. (borgenproject.org)
We expect NmCV-5 to provide children and young adults with reliable protection against meningitis caused by the meningococcal bacteria in Africa. (borgenproject.org)

Researchers at the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health are developing a new commercial blood test to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected meningitis. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
This was a descriptive, prospective study of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) samples from patients with suspected clinical signs of meningitis. (santetropicale.com)

Although meningococcal meningitis is endemic in various regions worldwide, its burden is remarkable in 26 countries comprising the 'meningitis belt' of subSaharan Africa, stretching from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east [ 16 ]. (springer.com)
Plague is endemic to Madagascar, where around 400 cases of - mostly bubonic - plague are reported annually. (un.org)
BACKGROUND: Meningitis is endemic in Niger. (bvsalud.org)

The highest burden is seen in the African meningitis belt -- a stretch of sub-Saharan Africa spanning from Gambia and Senegal to Ethiopia. (medpagetoday.com)
Young children are particularly vulnerable due to immaturity in their immune systems, which contributes to the disproportionate burden of the disease in Africa due to its young population. (wikipedia.org)
The HIV epidemic in southern Africa has greatly increased the burden of TB in the region since the early 1990s, and although antiretroviral treatment availability is correlated with a reduction in TB cases, information is still lacking on how best to target TB control efforts. (aidsmap.com)
The global disease burden of meningitis remains unacceptably high, and progress lags substantially behind that of other vaccine-preventable diseases, warns a new analysis published in The Lancet Neurology. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Meningococcal meningitis is observed worldwide but the highest burden of the disease is in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa, stretching from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east. (africacdc.org)

As per the CDC (Centers for Disease Control), the world is subject to nearly 1.2 Mn cases of meningitis every single year. (articlerich.com)
Local agencies reported more than 1,100 cases of West Nile virus in 2022, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control. (kron4.com)

The patient had some improvement in his clinical condition after anti-tuberculosis treatment, but once the diagnosis of Brucella meningitis was made, antibiotic therapy was changed to doxycycline (200 mg/day), trimethoprim/sulfmethoxazole (TMX/SMP) (2 double-strength tablets every 12 hours) and rifampicin (900 mg/day). (who.int)
In addition, the absence of specific clinical findings makes diagnosis of meningitis more difficult in neonates than in older children and adults. (medscape.com)
Moeti said the vaccine, "has shown in clinical trials to be safe and effective against multiple forms of meningitis. (clickondetroit.com)
Meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation of the meninges. (medscape.com)
The team also conducted a phase II clinical trial of high dose oral and intravenous rifampicin for TB meningitis as standard dose rifampicin penetrates poorly into CSF. (org.ug)
The team gave research participants an opportunity to share their experiences of surviving meningitis and participating in clinical research through TV and radio in Uganda. (org.ug)
The following clinical and microbio- in the Middle East and North Africa region. (who.int)

He anticipates that the vaccine will be "game-changing for epidemic meningitis control in the 'meningitis belt,'" stating, "We look forward to seeing the vaccine rolled out in the region as soon as possible. (borgenproject.org)
In February, after surveillance reports indicated that meningococcal disease was increasing and that W135 was present in several districts, the vaccine was released at the request of the Burkina government by the International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision for Epidemic Meningitis Control. (vaccinealliance.org)

More severe forms of disease are called West Nile encephalitis or West Nile meningitis, depending on what part of the body is affected. (medlineplus.gov)
West Nile encephalitis or meningitis may lead to brain damage and death. (medlineplus.gov)

But as the epidemic season peaks this month, officials are hopeful that a three--pronged strategy combining mass campaigns with a newly licensed vaccine, better case management, and more efficient surveillance are already beginning to reduce the impact of the disease. (vaccinealliance.org)
In the United States, a case of vaccine-derived polio was identified in an unvaccinated person who acquired it in New York State in July 2022 (see also New York State Department of Health: Wastewater Surveillance ). (msdmanuals.com)
METHODS: We compiled and analysed nationwide case-based meningitis surveillance data in Niger. (bvsalud.org)
The risk of further regional expansion of this novel clone highlights the need for continued strengthening of case-based surveillance. (bvsalud.org)

Meningococcal meningitis is associated with high fatality (up to 50% when untreated). (africacdc.org)
The proportion of sick individuals who are dying from the disease (the case--fatality ratio) has fallen from as high as 15% to 10% in most districts as the epidemic has progressed, indicating improved case management, he said. (vaccinealliance.org)
Her PhD research focused on finding better diagnostics and treatments for HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis, the most severe form of TB, which carries a greater than 50% case fatality in Uganda. (org.ug)

However, sporadic cases occur mostly in young children [ 9 ]. (springer.com)
But cases still occur in areas with incomplete immunization, such as sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia. (msdmanuals.com)

Patients with viral meningitis may have a history of preceding systemic symptoms (eg, myalgias, fatigue, or anorexia). (medscape.com)
General physical findings in viral meningitis are common to all causative agents. (medscape.com)
Most cases of viral meningitis are benign and self-limited, but in certain instances, specific antiviral therapy may be indicated, if available. (medscape.com)

The African meningitis belt is a region in sub-Saharan Africa where the rate of incidence of meningitis is very high. (wikipedia.org)

At its peak, the incidence of meningococcal disease has reached rates of up to 1,000 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, such as during the epidemics of 1996 and 2000-2001. (wikipedia.org)

Meningitis is more prevalent in children in Nigeria than in adults. (emory.edu)

Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause meningitis and other serious invasive disease. (cdc.gov)

In the remaining cases, symptoms range from mild to severe. (ipl.org)
Physicians severe headache, nausea and vomiting, are provided with official case definitions of neck stiffness and pain, photophobia, meningitis and case reporting guidelines. (who.int)
It can cause severe brain damage and is fatal in 50% of cases if untreated. (bvsalud.org)

1 WHO, African Regional Immunization Strategic Plan (2009-2013). (who.int)
The incidence of H. influenzae type b decreased by almost 100% after implementation of the national immunization programme in 2001, while the incidence of cases caused by S. pneumoniae and N. men- ingitidis remained steady. (who.int)

A new meningitis vaccine, NmCV-5 , has been successfully tested in the West African countries of Mali and The Gambia. (borgenproject.org)
Epidemics of meningitis A used to rage across the center of Africa, from Gambia in the west to Mali, Chad, South Sudan and into Ethiopia. (humanosphere.org)

This region is not only prone to meningitis, but also very prone to epidemics such as malaria. (wikipedia.org)

As laboratory scientists, we contribute first to making the diagnosis of meningitis. (cdc.gov)

Next steps for the project include trying to develop an equivalent vaccine that can fight against meningitis Y, C, AW135 and X. (africanewsanalysis.com)

An estimated 350 million people within 24 meningitis belt countries had received the vaccine by the end of 2021. (cdc.gov)

Many other countries in Africa experience outbreaks as well, but they are less frequent and less interepidemic. (wikipedia.org)
The persistence of neonatal meningitis results from increases in the numbers of infants surviving premature delivery and from limited access to medical resources in developing countries. (medscape.com)
In a race against time, WHO regional director for Africa Matshidiso Moeti said that a next generation vaccine against meningitis will be rolled out in 26 African countries most affected by the disease. (clickondetroit.com)
Meningitis had "somewhat dropped off the radar" but could now take "an enormous toll on our countries, with COVID-19 threatening some of the extensive gains that had been made in the past," she said during a weekly briefing. (clickondetroit.com)
More than 350 million people in 24 high-risk African countries received jabs of the vaccine since 2010, until the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic slowed down progress. (clickondetroit.com)
Our country is in the meningitis belt, which is home to a number of African countries with recurrent meningitis epidemics. (cdc.gov)
The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Africa recently reported updated meningitis numbers for the countries of the African Meningitis Belt and surrounding areas. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Countries such as the U.S. and Canada have witnessed a high prevalence rate of neurological disorders and trauma cases. (grandviewresearch.com)
It has since been reported from about 15 other countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and North and South America. (awqc.com.au)
Nigeria is one of twenty-six countries that lie in the meningitis belt of Sub-Saharan Africa which is an area that has the highest rate of meningitis in the world. (emory.edu)
These trees are indigenous to Australia, but they've been exported to many different countries, generally those with tropical or subtropical climates, including the U.S., southern Europe, Africa, India, South America. (cdc.gov)
India and Brazil account for more than half of last week's cases, but there are many other countries all over the world that face a very fragile situation. (bvsalud.org)

Saharan storms are thought to be responsible for spreading lethal meningitis spores throughout semi-arid central Africa, where up to 250,000 people, particularly children, contract the disease each year and 25,000 die. (flutrackers.com)

Active case search for AFP is being intensified as Nigeria has reinvigorated its efforts at eradicating Polio. (typepad.com)

MenAfriVac® is the first vaccine made specifically for use in Africa. (cdc.gov)
But the most dramatic scene is what culminated after the slogging, in 2010 when the new MenAfriVac vaccine was finally, literally, rolled out across the Meningitis Belt and hundreds of millions were immunized. (humanosphere.org)

In the African meningitis belt, chemoprophylaxis for close contacts is recommended in non-epidemic situations. (africacdc.org)

WHO says its reports show that meningitis control activities were reduced by 50% in 2020 compared to 2019 before the COVID-19 outbreak in Africa, although "a slight improvement" was recorded in 2021. (clickondetroit.com)

The current case thus represents the first report of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture-positive Brucella meningitis in Egypt. (who.int)
Furthermore, meningitis (brain infection) infects the cerebrospinal fluid, which leads to a rise in intracranial pressure. (grandviewresearch.com)
They wanted to dispel myths that meningitis is a form of witchcraft and that lumbar puncture (a needle is inserted between two bones in the spine (vertebrae) to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid) is a dangerous procedure, both of which result in people presenting to hospital very late, when the research interventions may be ineffective. (org.ug)
Cases were confirmed by culture or direct real-time PCR, or both, of cerebrospinal fluid specimens, and whole-genome sequencing was used to characterise isolates. (bvsalud.org)

This is the first reported case of Brucella meningitis in Egypt and illustrates many of the difficulties in diagnosing chronic meningitis. (who.int)

When after 2 days the patient showed no response to therapy, isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin and pyrazinamide were added to the regimen to empirically treat tuberculous meningitis. (who.int)

In the African meningitis belt, the WHO defines a meningococcal epidemic as at least 100 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in a year. (wikipedia.org)
Meningococcal meningitis is hyperendemic in the region, with the number of cases approaching 1,000 per 100,000 inhabitants per year during the dry season. (springer.com)
In 2008, case notifications peaked at 1773 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and declined to 756 cases per 100,000 in 2014. (aidsmap.com)
Further developments are expected with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) confirming more than 8.2 cases per 100,000 population in infants (those aged less than 1). (articlerich.com)

Meningitis is a deadly disease with the ability to spread like wildfire in the event of an outbreak, this affects all ages most especially within the meningitis belt region," coauthor Ama Umesi, MBBS, also of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in Banjul, said in a press release. (medpagetoday.com)
Lapeyssonnie noticed that the disease occurred in areas receiving 300-1,100 mm of mean annual rainfall, which is the case in sub-Saharan Africa. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) caused by N. meningitidis is a contagious disease. (springer.com)
Meningitis vaccinations for more than 50 million children in Africa have been delayed amid the COVID-19 pandemic, prompting fears of a resurgence of the deadly disease. (clickondetroit.com)
Delay in case of an active neu= rological disease or fever. (faqs.org)
Prior to 1999, the disease was found only in Africa, Asia and southern Europe. (osu.edu)
We separately estimated cause fractions by aetiology for diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and meningitis, as well as disaggregations by subcause for chronic kidney disease, maternal disorders, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. (cdc.gov)
Historically, a steady decline in the number of cases reported is an indication of a gradual exit from the peak period of the disease. (typepad.com)
The waterborne disease primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM, sometimes called amoebic meningitis) was discovered at the Adelaide Children's Hospital in the 1960s. (awqc.com.au)
While it is a rare disease, there have been more than 20 fatal cases in Australia. (awqc.com.au)
Her goal as a researcher is to improve the outcomes of advanced HIV disease through better management of opportunistic infections and HIV infection in African settings. (org.ug)
After inhalation of the infectious propagules, the disease presents as lung nodules, pneumonia, and meningitis, both in humans and in many species of animals. (cdc.gov)
There are also many cases of the disease among domestic and wild animals, including some porpoises that were found dead along the coast of the Island. (cdc.gov)
As the weather becomes colder and mosquitoes die off, there are fewer cases of the disease. (medlineplus.gov)

Despite Brazil still has occasional meningitis outbreaks and epidemics, the number of cases has substantially dropped over the past years. (sbmt.org.br)

Group A meningitis causes deadly epidemics every 8-10 years in the Africa meningitis belt, where 430 million people are said to be at risk, according to WHO. (africanewsanalysis.com)
She said the next step to ensure lasting success against this deadly and, until recently, largely neglected killer in Africa is to move from the big campaign stage to expand the vaccinations to those now mostly at risk. (humanosphere.org)

The Lassa fever outbreak in Nigeria continued in the 10th Epi-week with a total of 1386 suspected cases reported across 19 affected states. (typepad.com)

Of the 2,426 suspected cases, 395 (16.3%) were confirmed positive for N. meningitidis using PCR. (springer.com)
Epidemics of meningitis due to N. meningitidis are a serious medical emergency with both public health and socioeconomic implications. (springer.com)
Epidemics of meningitis due to N. meningitidis are often difficult to predict, leading to delayed initiation of control measures, such as immunisation, resulting in poor outcomes. (springer.com)
INTERPRETATION: This epidemic represents the largest global NmC outbreak so far and shows the continued threat of N meningitidis in sub-Saharan Africa. (bvsalud.org)

Meningitis is an infection of the brain lining that kills up to 10 percent of people who contract it. (africanewsanalysis.com)

West Nile virus was first identified in 1937 in Uganda in eastern Africa. (medlineplus.gov)

The vaccine is estimated to have protected more than 400 million people at risk for meningococcal A meningitis and saved more than 150,000 lives through 2020. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy3

Organisms14

Diseases31

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes1

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care6

Geographicals18

Bacterial27

South Africa6

20165

Burkina Faso8

WEST AFRICA1

Neisseria13

Deaths12

20185

Aseptic meningitis3

Cryptococcal meningitis2

Epidemics in Africa1

Vaccine Project4

Vaccines11

Measles5

Brain and spinal cord3

Defeating Meningitis1

Epidemiology1

Democratic Repub1

Serogroup10

Conjugate2

Spinal cord1

Vaccination5

Africa's3

Bacteria4

Patients with suspected2

Endemic3

Burden5

Centers for Dis2

Clinical7

Epidemic meningitis control2

Encephalitis2

Surveillance4

Fatality3

Occur2

Viral3

Incidence of meningitis1

Meningococcal disease1

Prevalent1

Haemophilus1

Severe3

Immunization2

Gambia2

Prone to meningitis1

Diagnosis of meningitis1

Fight against meningitis1

Belt countries1

Countries12

Spores1

Polio1

MenAfriVac2

Chemoprophylaxis1

20191

Cerebrospinal fluid4

Chronic meningitis1

Tuberculous meningitis1

100,0004

Disease14

Substantially1

Deadly2

Nigeria1

Meningitidis4

Infection of the brain1

Uganda1

20201