Membranes peptides. Medical search. Frequent questions

Given their small size and (relatively) low molecular weight, peptides have certain advantages over large proteins and antibodies. (boku.ac.at)
Mechanistically, both peptides caused a significant reduction at G0/G1 phase, in correlation with an augmented expression of the cell cycle inhibitory proteins p53, p27, p21, necrosis, exacerbated generation of reactive oxygen species and diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, all hallmarks of cellular stress. (nature.com)
Copper ions bind to biomolecules (e.g., peptides and proteins) playing an essential role in many biological and physiological pathways in the human body. (mdpi.com)
Membrane-tethered ligands are recombinant proteins comprised of an extracellular peptide ligand, a linker sequence, and an anchoring transmembrane domain. (nih.gov)
We applied affinity partitioning approach combined with high throughput mass spectrometric analysis in order to identify variation of proteins on plasma membrane of BV2 immortalized microglia upon treatment with amyloid peptides. (fupress.net)
By this method several proteins up- or down-regulated by amyloid treatment were identified in microglial plasma membrane. (fupress.net)
The behaviour of membrane proteins in membranes is being examined using a range of analytical approaches. (dur.ac.uk)
The membrane-binding properties of proteins from enveloped viruses are being characterised by a combination of microscopy, chemical biology and structral biology approaches (with Dr R. P. Yeo, Biological Sciences, Durham University). (dur.ac.uk)
Brewster angle microscopy has been used to characterise the association of peripheral membrane proteins with lipid monolayers (with Dr A Beeby, Durham University). (dur.ac.uk)
The effects of A beta(1-40) and A beta(25-35) on the fluidity of lipids adjacent to proteins (annular fluidity), bulk lipid fluidity, and lipid peroxidation were determined in rat synaptic plasma membranes (SPM). (tamu.edu)
Erratum: An Arabidopsis peptide transporter is a member of a new class of membrane transport proteins. (missouri.edu)
How proteins are translocated across membrane barriers is a key issue in the biological and biomedical sciences. (nottingham.ac.uk)
There, the peptides are attached to MHC class I proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Because there are no peptides for MHC class I proteins to bind, they are broken down, which results in a shortage of MHC class I proteins on the surface of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in another gene involved in the attachment of peptides to MHC class I proteins very rarely cause BLS I. (medlineplus.gov)
In the gel of the membrane proteins, other bands were also analyzed. (ncl.edu.tw)
Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)

Overall, biologically active peptides should be produced extracellularly in soluble form by adjusting the membrane permeability of growing and producing cell. (boku.ac.at)
In the last 20 years, an increasing number of studies have been reported on membrane active peptides, which exert their biological activity by interacting with the cell membrane either to disrupt it and lead to cell lysis or to translocate through it to deliver cargos into the cell and reach their target. (preprints.org)
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and peptides designed for drug and gene delivery currently in the drug pipeline suggest that these membrane active peptides will soon constitute a significant percentage of the drug market. (preprints.org)
AMPs are a group of membrane active peptides that disrupt the membrane integrity or inhibit the cellular functions of bacteria, virus and fungi. (preprints.org)
CPPs are another group of membrane active peptides that mainly function as cargo-carriers even though they may also show antimicrobial activity to some extent. (preprints.org)
Structural investigation of membrane active peptides in the presence of the membrane provides important clues on the effect of the membrane environment on peptide conformations. (preprints.org)
In this review, we summarize the recent advances in experimental and computational investigation of membrane active peptides with particular emphasis on two amphipathic membrane active peptides, the AMP melittin and the CPP pVEC. (preprints.org)

In an effort to elucidate the mechanism of bacterial killing by PBP 10, we compared its effects on artificial lipid bilayers and eukaryotic cell membranes with the actions of the mellitin, magainin II, and LL37 peptides. (upenn.edu)
WALP pep tides of sequence acetyl-Gly-Trp-Trp-(Leu-Ala)-Trp-Trp-Ala-ethanolamine insert into lipid bilayers as membrane-spanning a-helices and modulate the lipid phase behavior as functions of n and the lipid acyl chain length. (uark.edu)

This study aimed to identify a novel membrane -targeted antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that could also target the L-ascorbate-specific PtxA component of the S. mutans PTS system. (bvsalud.org)
Salentinig, S. Self-assembly of glycerol monooleate with the antimicrobial peptide LL-37: a molecular dynamics study. (empa.ch)

Recombinant expression in Escherichia coli could potentially circumvent these issues and offers a platform for efficient production of low molecular weight peptides. (boku.ac.at)
The recombinant C-TIMP-2 and synthetic peptides from C-TIMP-2 were used as inhibitors for proMMP-2 activation. (amrita.edu)
Phosphatidylinositol synthase activity from plant membrane fractions and from E. coli-expressed recombinant peptides. (illumina.com)

To expedite the development of long acting, stable chemerin analogs as candidate therapeutics, we used membrane-tethered ligand technology. (nih.gov)
A parallel approach may be applied to developing therapeutics targeting other peptide hormone G protein-coupled receptors. (nih.gov)
Major challenges to the use of cecropins as cancer therapeutics are delivery of the peptides to tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)

A synthetic peptide, corresponding to the 110-121 sequence of VP3-HAV (hepatitis A virus) protein, was synthesized, and its interactions with membrane models were analyzed with monomolecular layer models. (url.edu)
Then the synthetic peptide vaccine application of peptides was reviewed. (intechopen.com)

they also inhibit proline uptake and cause leaky membranes. (wikipedia.org)
it acts through interaction with the bacterial membrane and interferes with L-ascorbate translocation to inhibit S. mutans growth and eradicate its biofilm . (bvsalud.org)
A 32 amino acid residue peptide that is shown to stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption. (fishersci.com)
Cell membranes are biologic barriers that selectively inhibit passage of drug molecules. (msdmanuals.com)

Work encompasses the design of peptides that have the potential to form stable pores in lipid membranes, the characterisation of peptide interactions with membrane lipids and the physical organic chemistry of peptide reactions in membranes. (dur.ac.uk)

7] W. C. Chan and P. D. White, Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis: A practical apporach. (boku.ac.at)
In the first part, information about the peptide synthesis was given in a very simple and readable format under the title of solid-phase peptide synthesis including a brief history, solid supports, linkers, protecting groups, and analysis method sections. (intechopen.com)

Kimura S., Tamano A., Separation of amino-acids by charged ultrafiltration membranes. (dairy-journal.org)
Timmer J.M.K., Speelmans M.P.J., van der Horst H.C., Separation of amino acids by nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes, Separ. (dairy-journal.org)
Through this project, we plan to develop cost-effective ultrafiltration membranes which will have the potential to transform the water filtration/purification process. (edu.au)

In the last part, information about cell-penetrating peptides that can be used as molecular carries is mentioned with providing classification and cellular uptake mechanism of them. (intechopen.com)

To further demonstrate the importance of the aromatic residues for this, a mutant peptide KYE28A, with Ala substitutions at Phe11 , Phe19 , Phe23 , and Tyr25 was designed, which showed attenuated antimicrobial activity at high salt concentrations, as well as lower membrane disruption and LPS binding abilities compared with KYE28. (lu.se)

Amyloid beta-peptides (A beta) may alter the neuronal membrane lipid environment by changing fluidity and inducing free radical lipid peroxidation. (tamu.edu)
Recently, a body of evidence is growing that Aβ aggregation is facilitated in the presence of particular membranes lipids such as gangliosides and cholesterol and furthermore, that Aβ toxicities emerge through interaction with specific neuronal membrane microdomains such as lipid rafts. (hindawi.com)

All of these peptides are structurally related. (wikipedia.org)

Using this technology, we established that a 9-amino acid-tethered chemerin fragment (amino acids 149-157) activates both mouse and human CMKLR1 with efficacy exceeding that of the full-length peptide (amino acids 21-157). (nih.gov)
To enable in vivo delivery of a corresponding soluble membrane anchored ligand, we generated lipidated analogs of the 9-amino acid fragment. (nih.gov)
Martin-Orue C., Bouhallab S., Garem A., Nanofiltration of amino acid and peptide solutions: mechanisms of separation, J. Membrane Sci. (dairy-journal.org)
Research expertise in the group includes amino acid and peptide synthesis, liposome technology and techniques for studying biological membranes, including surface tensiometry, calorimetry, x-ray scattering, optical microscopy and mass spectrometry. (dur.ac.uk)
However, the conformation of some amino acid side chains differs between the structures of peptide and full-length protein. (rcsb.org)

Our previous observations show that microglial cells challenged in vitro with amyloid peptides clustered and rounded up, dramatically changing their morphology. (fupress.net)
Amyloid beta-peptides increase annular and bulk fluidity and induce lipid peroxidation in brain synaptic plasma membranes. (tamu.edu)
Neurons overexpressing the PMRS enzymes (NQO1 or cytochrome b5 reductase) exhibit increased resistance to amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). (ewha.ac.kr)

Biophysical techniques to understand how they interact with the membrane have shed light on the peptide-membrane interaction at various levels of detail. (preprints.org)
In addition to these experimental biophysical techniques, molecular dynamics simulations provided clues on the peptide-lipid interactions and dynamics of the cell entry process at atomic detail. (preprints.org)
Dr John M Sanderson has research interests in Biophysical Chemistry, with a particular emphasis on biological membranes. (dur.ac.uk)
Current work is directed towards the study of protein-membrane interactions over all timescales and the preparation of asymmetric lipid membranes for biophysical studies of membrane activity (funded by an EPSRC programme grant). (dur.ac.uk)

PBP 10, an antibacterial, cell membrane-permeant rhodamine B-conjugated peptide derived from the polyphosphoinositide binding site of gelsolin, interacts selectively with both lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), the distinct components of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. (upenn.edu)
Antimicrobial peptides selectively attack bacterial cell membranes. (sc.edu)
Here, we show that activities of several PMRS enzymes are selectively decreased in plasma membranes from the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of 3xTgAD mice, an animal model of AD. (ewha.ac.kr)

The hemolytic activities of the PBP 10 and LL37 peptides significantly increase when RBCs are osmotically swollen in hypotonic solution, indicating that these antibacterial peptides may take advantage of the more extended form of bacterial membranes in exerting their killing activities. (upenn.edu)
Specifically, they tested a novel method for breaking through the bacterial membranes of the Gram-negatives. (sc.edu)

Further, cecropin B3 lacks an amphipathic group present in cecropin B, suggesting that this amphipathic group is necessary for cecropin B to insert into cell membranes and form pores. (wikipedia.org)

4.2 At low peptide to lipid ratios ion channels are formed, at high peptide to lipid ratios pores are formed. (wikipedia.org)
Structural studies of cecropin B and its derivative cecropin B3 showed that anticancer activity arises from the ability of the antimicrobial peptides to form pores in stomach carcinoma cell membranes. (wikipedia.org)

Recent work has begun to establish the factors that control the innate reactivity of peptides towards acyl transfer from membrane lipids (intrinsic lipidation). (dur.ac.uk)

This finding suggests that asymmetrical distribution of phospholipids in the external membranes of eukaryotic cells may represent an important factor in determining the specificity of antibacterial peptides for targeting bacteria rather than eukaryotic cells. (upenn.edu)
An antibacterial peptide from Ascaris suum, a parasitic nematode that resides in the pig intestine, also belongs to this family. (wikipedia.org)

Current work is examining the chemistry exhibited by drug molecules after their adsorbtion to lipid membranes. (dur.ac.uk)
Brock, \The uptake of arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides: Putting the puzzle together," Bioconjugate Chemistry 25, 863{868 (2014). (lu.se)

The peptides will be translocated to the periplasm to favor proper formation of disulfide bonds, thus correct folding. (boku.ac.at)

The new N-terminal peptide is a cryptic ligand for the receptor. (curehunter.com)
However, most current work is in the area of third-generation vectors that combine a biodegradable core and a polymer envelope (PEG) with a membrane recognition ligand. (cdc.gov)

Further, peptide anticancer activity is reported as being complete within one hour of treatment. (wikipedia.org)

Nuclease colicins are also targeted but in the opposite direction, across both membrane barriers and by a mechanism that is insensitive to the structure of the imported enzyme. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Magainin 2 and PGLa in Bacterial Membrane Mimics I: Peptide-Peptide and Lipid-Peptide Interactions. (muni.cz)
We addressed the onset of synergistic activity of the two well-studied antimicrobial peptides magainin 2 (MG2a) and PGLa using lipid-only mimics of Gram-negative cytoplasmic membranes. (muni.cz)

Papiliocin from Papilio xuthus (a butterfly) Cecropin P1 Peptide Sequence (SWLSKTAKKLENSAKKRISEGIAIAIQGGPR). (wikipedia.org)
The uncleaved receptor can also be activated by the N-terminal peptide present on the activated THROMBIN RECEPTOR and by small synthetic peptides that contain the unmasked N-terminal sequence. (curehunter.com)

Both current state-of-the-art methods for peptide production, however, rely on the availability of biomaterial for extraction and heavy use of hazardous agents/solvents during complex chemical processes, which often are limited (yield-dependent) to the synthesis of peptides up to 70 amino acids [6], [7]. (boku.ac.at)
Sustainability Challenges in Peptide Synthesis and Purification: From R&D to Production," J. Org. (boku.ac.at)
The synthesis and applications of the peptides are gaining increasing popularity as a result of the developments in biotechnology and bioengineering areas and for a number of research purposes including cancer diagnosis and treatment, antibiotic drug development, epitope mapping, production of antibodies, and vaccine design. (intechopen.com)
The aim of this chapter is to review some applications of synthetic peptides providing a brief knowledge about peptide synthesis. (intechopen.com)
The synthesis of the peptides may provide sufficient material to enable further studies and to determine the structure-activity relationships or may provide discovery of new analogues with improved properties [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. (intechopen.com)

To probe the two-stage model, the structures of peptides representing individual transmembrane helices of the disulfide bond forming protein B have been studied in trifluoroethanol solution as well as in detergent micelles using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and circular dichroism spectroscopy. (rcsb.org)
Bovine and human lens membrane, when reconstituted into lipid vesicles containing oxidized cytochrome C, will mediate the transmembrane passage of ascorbate into the vesicles, where the reduction of cytochrome C is measured spectrophotometrically. (elsevierpure.com)

In mouse trigeminal ganglion (TG), P2X3 receptor function is unexpectedly enhanced by pharmacological block of natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A), outlining a potential inhibitory role of endogenous natriuretic peptides in nociception mediated by P2X3 receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
The strong dependence of PI 3-kinase function on membrane curvature suggests possible localization of PI 3-kinase activity at sites where clustering of receptors, for example, may locally deform the membrane, and suggests that once PI 3-kinase is localized and activated at surface sites, the reaction may become self-accelerating. (tamu.edu)

The pMMO is less well studied than the sMMO because of the instability of the pMMO upon removal of the polypeptides from the membrane lipids. (ncl.edu.tw)
The force ?eld is based on a granular representation of the mismatch between the dielectric constant of lipids and aqueous medium, combined with an accurate description of membrane elastic properties. (lu.se)

The two-stage model for membrane protein folding postulates that individual helices form first and are subsequently packed against each other. (rcsb.org)

Peptides are commonly extracted from biological material or chemically synthesized [5], [6]. (boku.ac.at)

Membrane permeability will be characterized via atomic force microscopy and other analytical assays. (boku.ac.at)
This has led to the structure determination for RSV M protein (in collaboration with Dr V. Money), 3 and studies of membrane bindign using tensiometry, electron microscopy, circular dichroism and Brewster angle microscopy. (dur.ac.uk)
Combining with scanning electron microscopy and cell permeability assay, it was shown that the effects of C10-KKWW could be attributed to both membrane and PtxA. (bvsalud.org)

AMPs and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). (preprints.org)

moves (transports) protein fragments (peptides) from foreign invaders into the endoplasmic reticulum. (medlineplus.gov)

The goal is to quantify and link outer membrane permeability to different mechanical properties of the cell. (boku.ac.at)
pCellular activation of latent matrix metalloproteinase-2 (proMMP-2) requires formation of a cell membrane-associated activation complex that involves specific binding between the hemopexin domain of proMMP-2 (PEX) and the C-terminal domain of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (C-TIMP-2). (amrita.edu)
Advances in live imaging techniques have allowed examination of peptide action at a single cell or single molecule level. (preprints.org)
In this study, we report the cell-autonomous antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities exhibited by the spider peptide gomesin (AgGom) and gomesin-like homologue (HiGom) in DFTD cells. (nature.com)
7.1 Anticancer activities of cecropin B, cecropin P1, and Shiva-1 were first demonstrated with in vitro studies of mammalian leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, where cells were sensitive to peptide concentrations on the order of 10−6 M. Two multidrug-resistant breast and ovarian cancer cell lines also showed sensitivity to the peptides. (wikipedia.org)
Among these MDR pathogens, Gram-positive bacteria, which have only a single cell membrane, have received most of the attention from researchers. (sc.edu)
Researchers wanted to better understand how cell membranes in the body influence the structure of peptides-molecules made up of amino acids-and their aggregation. (phys.org)
The GHRH receptor is a cell surface-associated seven membrane-spanning domain protein linked to a G protein (Gs). (medscape.com)
Unless given IV, a drug must cross several semipermeable cell membranes before it reaches the systemic circulation. (msdmanuals.com)
Drugs diffuse across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration (eg, gastrointestinal fluids) to one of low concentration (eg, blood). (msdmanuals.com)
Because the cell membrane is lipoid, lipid-soluble drugs diffuse most rapidly. (msdmanuals.com)
The un-ionized form is usually lipid soluble (lipophilic) and diffuses readily across cell membranes. (msdmanuals.com)
The ionized form has low lipid solubility (but high water solubility-ie, hydrophilic) and high electrical resistance and thus cannot penetrate cell membranes easily. (msdmanuals.com)
Arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides (RRPs) spontaneously traverse cell mem- branes and are promising candidates for drug delivery. (lu.se)

The early onset of dimerization of L18W-PGLa and MG2a at low peptide concentrations consequently appears to be key to their synergistic dye-releasing activity from lipid vesicles at high concentrations. (muni.cz)
Repeated administration of peptides is necessary to maintain systemic levels of cecropins at sufficient concentrations for anti-cancer activity. (wikipedia.org)

In order to test our hypothesis, we examined, for the first time in vitro , the anti-proliferative properties of the spider-venom peptide gomesin and its analogues as potential therapeutic lead candidates against DFTD. (nature.com)

The factor of two reduction in the deuterium quadrupolar splittings when Beta is changed from 0° to 90° indicates rapid molecular rotation about an axis parallel to the membrane normal. (uark.edu)

either the cytoplasmic membrane or the cytosol. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Two distinct forms of MMO are known to exist at different cellular locations, a cytoplasmic (soluble) MMO and a membrane-bound (particulate) MMO. (ncl.edu.tw)

Furthermore, outer membrane permeability of the host organism(s) will be adjusted in-process using moleculobiological tools. (boku.ac.at)
The membranes are composed primarily of a bimolecular lipid matrix, which determines membrane permeability characteristics. (msdmanuals.com)

The specific characters of peptides (high bioactivity, high specificity, and low toxicity) have made them attractive therapeutic agents. (intechopen.com)

This study reveals that pore formation is unlikely to be involved in PBP 10-mediated membrane destabilization. (upenn.edu)

Membrane-associated oxidative stress has been implicated in the synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration that occurs in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. (ewha.ac.kr)

Effects of insulin and the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist liraglutide on the kidney proteome in db/db mice. (lu.se)

NMR studies in the presence of lipopolysaccharide provided structural insights into the mechanisms underlying this, notably in relationship to outer membrane permeabilization. (lu.se)

The soluble form is produced from the membrane form by proteolytic processing. (lu.se)

Predicted to be active in plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
Enzymes of the plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) provide electrons for energy metabolism and recycling of antioxidants. (ewha.ac.kr)

In agreement with previous studies, both peptides, as well as their equimolar mixture, were found to remain upon adsorption in a surface-aligned topology and to induce significant membrane perturbation, as evidenced by membrane thinning and hydrocarbon order parameter changes in the vicinity of the inserted peptide. (muni.cz)

We describe a statistical measure, Mass Distance Fingerprint, for automatic de novo detection of predominant peptide mass distances, i.e., putative protein mod- ifications. (lu.se)

These effects were particularly pronounced for the so-called synergistic mixture of 1:1 (mol/mol) L18W-PGLa/MG2a and cannot be accounted for by a linear combination of the membrane perturbations of two peptides individually. (muni.cz)

Compression isotherms and penetration kinetics determinations suggest that the hydrophobic moiety of the peptide is able to insert into phospholipidic monolayers promoting an expansion. (url.edu)
Particular interests include the kinetics of peptide rearrangements following membrane binding 1 and the chemical stability of peptide-lipid systems. (dur.ac.uk)

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of promising antibiotic molecules as they present broad action spectrum, potent activity, and do not easily induce resistance. (frontiersin.org)

For the examples WALP19 with n = 6.5 and WALP23 with n = 8.5, we have labeled individual indoles with deuterium and incorporated the labeled peptides in oriented, hydrated bilayers of Dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC). (uark.edu)

Anatomy42

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs103

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes59

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science3

Health Care1

Proteins17

Active peptides7

Lipid bilayers2

Antimicrobial peptide2

Recombinant3

Therapeutics3

Synthetic peptide2

Inhibit4

Interactions with membrane1

Solid phase pep2

Ultrafiltration membranes3

Uptake mechanism1

Disruption1

Neuronal membrane2

Structurally related1

Amino acid5

Amyloid3

Biophysical4

Selectively3

Bacterial membranes2

Amphipathic1

Pores2

Innate1

Antibacterial2

Chemistry2

Disulfide Bonds1

Ligand2

Anticancer activity1

Mechanism1

Magainin2

Sequence2

Synthesis5

Transmembrane2

Receptors2

Lipids2

Helices1

Biological1

Microscopy3

CPPs1

Fragments1

Cell14

Concentrations2

Vitro1

Molecular1

Cytoplasmic2

Permeability2

Specificity1

Destabilization1

Alzheimer's Disease1

Agonist1

Outer1

Soluble form1

Plasma membrane2

Topology1

Fingerprint1

Synergistic1

Kinetics2

AMPs1

BILAYERS1