Membrane proteins in epithelial cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Redistribution of membrane proteins in isolated mouse intestinal epithelial cells. (rupress.org)
Single mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) may be isolated by the use of a combination of methods used for the isolation of IEC from other species. (rupress.org)
We conclude that LKB1 can induce complete polarity in intestinal epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
Here we investigated whether polarized monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells might regulate inflammatory responses by secreting IL-8 in a vectorial fashion (i.e. apical versus basolateral) depending on the location of the TLR stimulus. (biomedcentral.com)
These results show that IL-8 induces autocrine signalling via an apical CXCR1 in Caco-2 BBE intestinal epithelial cells and that this receptor is also expressed on the apical surface of differentiated human intestinal epithelial cells in vivo , suggesting an autocrine function for IL-8 secreted in the lumen. (biomedcentral.com)
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a key role in the inflammatory response to colonizing or invading microorganisms via the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8). (biomedcentral.com)

The CXCR1 receptor for IL-8 was expressed only on the apical membrane of Caco-2 BBE cells and differentiated epithelial cells in the human small intestine and colon. (biomedcentral.com)
Total internal reflection (TIRF) micrograph of MDCK cells stably transfected with the apical membrane protein P75-GFP (green) and with its sorting receptor Galectin-3-dsRed (red) in close proximity or inside the apical plasma membrane. (ucsd.edu)
See http://www.leica-microsystems.com/science-lab/protein-transport-processes-at-the-apical-membrane-of-polarized-epithelial-cells-applications-for-tirf-microscopy/ for additional details. (ucsd.edu)
CFTR is an anion channel in the apical membrane of epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)

E-cadherin has many other functions including acting as a tumor suppressor protein, which means it prevents cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
The loss of this protein prevents it from acting as a tumor suppressor, contributing to the uncontrollable growth and division of cells . (medlineplus.gov)
A lack of E-cadherin also impairs cell adhesion, increasing the likelihood that cancer cells will not come together to form a tumor but will invade the stomach wall and metastasize as small clusters of cancer cells into nearby tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Their decreased expression in colorectal cancer seems to have critical effects on cell proliferation, motility, invasion, and immune response against the tumor. (medscimonit.com)
This agent specifically binds to and delivers a radioactive payload to tumor cells. (appliedradiology.com)
PSMA is a tumor-associated antigen and type II transmembrane protein, expressed on the membrane of prostatic epithelial cells and over-expressed on prostate tumor cells. (appliedradiology.com)
68 Ga-PSMA-11 is a radioisotope that, upon intravenous administration, targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. (appliedradiology.com)
PSMA-expressing tumor cells can then be detected during positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. (appliedradiology.com)
Evidence suggests that the protein plays a role in tumor invasion. (bvsalud.org)
Consideration may be given to ordering multiple tumor markers due to the heterogeneity in cell composition of each tumor. (medscape.com)
Other tumor markers for epithelial-derived carcinomas include CEA, CA 19-9, and CA 125. (medscape.com)

Tight junction proteins in the cell organize paracellular permeability and they play a critical role in apical cell-to-cell adhesion and epithelial polarity. (medscimonit.com)
Neurons generate their polarity by directing membrane traffic to growing neurites and growth cones, and by sorting proteins differentially between the axon and dendrites. (sdbonline.org)
This is known as cell polarity. (photometrics.com)
Loss of polarity, especially of epithelial cells, is a hallmark of cancer. (photometrics.com)
Yet, the precise mechanisms coordinating cell polarity and correct mitotic spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation fidelity, to ensure proper epithelial integrity and differentiation remain ill defined. (southampton.ac.uk)

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase O is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPRO gene. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase containing a single intracellular catalytic domain with a characteristic signature motif. (wikipedia.org)
The gene product, which has a transmembrane domain, is an integral membrane protein. (wikipedia.org)
The CDH1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called epithelial cadherin or E-cadherin. (medlineplus.gov)
People with HDGC caused by CDH1 gene mutations are born with one mutated copy of the gene in each cell. (medlineplus.gov)
involving the other copy of the CDH1 gene must occur in the cells of the stomach lining during a person's lifetime. (medlineplus.gov)
When both copies of the CDH1 gene are mutated in a particular cell, that cell cannot produce any functional E-cadherin. (medlineplus.gov)
The CF gene encodes the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR), a membrane bound protein capable of chloride ion transport [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Synapse-associated protein 97, Discs Large MAGUK Scaffold Protein 1 or SAP97 is encoded by the gene DLG1. (antibodiesinc.com)
Obscurins, encoded by the single OBSCN gene, are giant (720-860 kDa) cytoskeletal proteins with scaffolding and regulatory roles. (jhu.edu)
The protein encoded by this gene is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by activated T cells. (antibodies-online.com)
Our previous study of the human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG)-encoded K+ channel (Kv11.1) supports an association between hERG and RING finger protein 207 (RNF207) variants in aggravating the onset and severity of LQTS, specifically T613M hERG (hERGT613M) and RNF207 frameshift (RNF207G603fs) mutations. (bvsalud.org)
Preimplantation genetic diagnostic testing during IVF, or PGD-IVF, is now being used to screen for single-gene defect conditions such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease and Tay-Sachs disease, along with nearly 400 others. (cdc.gov)

The specificity of vesicle trafficking: coat proteins and SNAREs. (kegg.jp)
The coat on the budding vesicle comprises two layers, an inner layer of adaptor proteins (gray ovals) and an outer layer that forms a polyhedral cage. (biologists.com)
The MGH Program in Membrane Biology (PMB) within the Division of Nephrology brings together a diverse group of 40 faculty, fellows, technical, and administrative staff who collaborate in research related to the functional importance of cell membranes, membrane proteins, vesicle trafficking and signal transduction in physiologically important processes in epithelial and non-epithelial cells. (harvard.edu)

Following attachment, mycoplasmal organisms may cause direct cytotoxic damage to epithelial cells because of hydrogen peroxide generation or cytolysis via an inflammatory response mediated by mononuclear cells or antigen-antibody reactions. (medscape.com)
In those biochemical recurrences, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) imaging could help post-prostatectomy patients with rising PSA levels. (appliedradiology.com)
Conjugate vaccine technology, where a polysaccharide antigen is coupled chemically to a protein carrier, either by direct linkage or by indirect coupling via diamino spacer molecules, can render the PS specific immune response T cell dependent. (bmj.com)
With the help of T cell derived factors, the antigen specific B cells produce a much enhanced antibody response. (bmj.com)
Soluble adult worm antigen preparation (SWAP) triggers release of cytokine IL-10 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from both healthy and infected individuals [ 505 ], and the IL-10 then suppresses lymphoproliferative responses to SWAP by 90-100% [ 504 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
The MUC1 protein, also known as polymorphic epithelial mucin or epithelial membrane antigen, has a large extracellular region, a transmembrane sequence, and a cytosolic domain. (medscape.com)
The CA 15-3 antigen (also known as MUC1, from which it is derived) represents sequences of mucins that are often overexpressed in malignant glandular cells, such as breast cancer. (medscape.com)

In primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) with 16.6±0.4 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, ASL glucose was 2.2±0.5 mM [ 11 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Human bronchial epithelial (HBE1) cells were pretreated with 5, 10, or 20 µM FTI-277 prior to and during 12 h IL-13 (20 ng/ml) stimulation. (cdc.gov)

The screening used a genetically modified sequence type (ST)-41/44 clonal complex (cc) strain lacking LPS sialylation, polysaccharide capsule, the factor H binding protein (fHbp) and MutS, a protein of the DNA repair mechanism. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
It is imperative to understand the mechanism by which these cells exhibit neurotropism. (scielo.org.ar)
In this mechanism, antibodies formed against SARS-CoV-2 would also bind to human tissue proteins leading to autoimmune reactivity. (frontiersin.org)
Presently, all membrane trafficking steps are thought to possess a similar underlying mechanism for membrane fusion, and yet clear distinctions in these trafficking steps must also occur. (sdbonline.org)
For membrane proteins, a third mechanism, based on the interaction of their transmembrane domain (TMD) with lipid microdomains, must also be considered. (biologists.com)
FPP synergistically augments epithelial eotaxin-3 secretion, indicating a novel Ras-independent farnesylation mechanism or direct FPP effect that promotes epithelial eotaxin-3 production in allergic asthma. (cdc.gov)
Polarised epithelial cell divisions represent a critical mechanism for correct partitioning of fate determinants and genomic material into the daughter cells during tissue homeostasis and morphogenesis, and their disruption can lead to severe developmental disorders and diseases such as cancer. (southampton.ac.uk)
that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)

Glucose diffusion is determined by epithelial permeability to glucose, the transepithelial glucose gradient and surface area. (ersjournals.com)
The membranes are composed primarily of a bimolecular lipid matrix, which determines membrane permeability characteristics. (msdmanuals.com)

Mycoplasma organisms cause infection primarily as extracellular parasites, attaching to the surface of ciliated and nonciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory and genital tracts. (medscape.com)
When stimulated with extracellular S protein, human lung epithelial cells A549 also produce inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (biorxiv.org)
Epithelial cells must have an apical side which contacts the lumen, for example the inside of your small intestine, lateral membranes where cell-cell contacts are made, and a basal surface that maintains contact with the extracellular matrix. (photometrics.com)
This protein is frequently overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated on its extracellular region in breast cancer. (medscape.com)
Physiologically, the MUC1 protein may be involved in cell adhesion by decreasing the degree of cell-to-extracellular matrix and cell-to-cell interactions. (medscape.com)

SAP97 may have a role in septate junction formation, signal transduction, cell proliferation, synaptogenesis and lymphocyte activation. (antibodiesinc.com)
The framework will allow to label for up to 10 markers to visualize at the same time ANXA1, centrosomes, chromosomes, cell-cell adhesion molecules, differentiation markers, proliferation, and apoptosis. (southampton.ac.uk)
Our previous work showed that upon the alteration of the blood-retina barrier, the serine protease thrombin could contribute to the transformation, proliferation, and migration of RPE cells. (molvis.org)

An abundance of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor adaptor protein receptors. (kegg.jp)
This process depends on the general physico-chemical features of the cargo membrane protein and on the interactions of these features with the collective properties of the bilayer, instead of the one-to-one intermolecular interactions that exist between discrete signals and their receptors. (biologists.com)
IL-8 can signal through two receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2 both of which are members of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a multi-domain scaffolding protein which serves to recruit receptors channels and other signaling molecules to the plasma membrane. (antibodiesinc.com)
Graves' Disease results from the production of autoantibodies against receptors for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on thyroid epithelial cells, and represents the prototype for numerous autoimmune diseases caused by autoantibodies that bind to organ-specific cell membrane antigens. (silverchair.com)
Sometimes various globular proteins embedded in the matrix function as receptors and help transport molecules across the membrane. (msdmanuals.com)

E-cadherin helps neighboring cells stick to one another (cell adhesion) to form organized tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Modelling the role of membrane mechanics in cell adhesion on titanium oxide nanotubes. (ki.si)
The arrows indicate vesicles containing a cargo protein, cell adhesion molecule Fasciclin III (FAS3) tagged with Halo and labeled with SiR dye. (photometrics.com)
We found that disruption of ANXA1 function results in mitotic spindle misorientation and impaired cell-cell adhesion and genome instability, affecting the outcomes of cell division. (southampton.ac.uk)

By virtue of expressions of glial and neural surface markers and capability of neurotransmitter metabolism, amniotic epithelial cells are considered as candidate cell type for transplantation strategies to treat neurological disorders. (scielo.org.ar)
Nano-silver acting on cell membrane proteins can directly destroy bacterial cell membrane and oxygen metabolism enzyme (-SH), block bacteria and other microorganisms from the absorption of amino acids, uracil and other essential nutrients for growth, thus inhibiting their growth. (thisisdrugs.com)
Recombinant protein production can cause severe stress on cellular metabolism, resulting in limited titer and product quality. (bvsalud.org)
Transcriptomic and functional analyses indicate significantly higher metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation in EPO producers compared with parental and GFP cells. (bvsalud.org)

Neisseria meningitidis employs polysaccharides and outer membrane proteins to cope with human serum complement attack. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Several protein carriers have been used including tetanus toxoid (TT), diphtheria toxoid, mutant diphtheria toxin (CRM197), and the outer membrane protein of N meningitidis . (bmj.com)

They grow on cell-free media in vitro. (medscape.com)
In vitro studies in resistive human lung epithelial cell monolayers grown at an air-liquid interface have supported these in vivo observations. (ersjournals.com)
Produced by in vitro bioreactor culture of hybridoma line followed by Protein A affinity chromatography and conjugation of purified mAb. (antibodiesinc.com)

Conditional Loss of the Exocyst Component Exoc5 in Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) Results in RPE Dysfunction, Photoreceptor Cell Degeneration, and Decreased Visual Function. (nih.gov)
At this juncture, through the present study it was found that, chicken neural retinal cells when grown alone failed to survive and contrarily when either co-cultured with chicken amniotic epithelial cells / cultured in amniotic epithelial cell conditioned medium not only survived but also showed extensive differentiation. (scielo.org.ar)

ACE2 is a membrane-anchored protein expressed on the surface of type II alveolar cells and epithelial cells of the lung. (nature.com)
For over 50 years, glucose has been recognised to cross the lung epithelial barrier and be transported by lung epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)
Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
SAP97 is expressed in heart, lung, epithelial cells and brain. (antibodiesinc.com)
Treatment of mice with FTI-277 had no significant effect on lung membrane-anchored Ras, Ras protein levels, or Ras GTPase activity. (cdc.gov)
By definition, pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma refers to an epithelial neoplasm that secondarily involves the pleura and encases the lung, thereby simulating the radiologic and macroscopic appearance of malignant mesothelioma. (medscape.com)

Copper is essential for maintaining the life processes in all living cells, because several copper-dependent enzymes play an important role in key physiological processes like c. (researchgate.net)
Directed membrane traffic is essential for many developmental processes, including cell growth, cytokinesis and signaling between cells. (sdbonline.org)
Such processes require membrane traffic to particular domains of the cell surface, in order to insert proteins at restricted regions of the membrane, to enlarge particular regions of the cell membrane, or to signal asymmetrically to neighboring cells. (sdbonline.org)
ASL glucose concentrations are the net result of diffusion of glucose from blood and interstitial fluid across the respiratory epithelium into the ASL, and removal of glucose from ASL by epithelial glucose transport processes. (ersjournals.com)
Thus a relatively stable adult schistosome surface membrane escapes immune recognition and damage by employing active processes which result in reduced surface antigenicity [ 495 ] and the development of a tegument intrinsically resistant to immune damage [ 492 ] - a potentially useful example for medical nanorobotics. (nanomedicine.com)
In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. (lu.se)

Involved in protein localization to plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
Additionally, we determined the localization of the CXCR1 receptor in Caco-2 BBE cells and human intestinal tissue samples and investigated the role of IL-8 autocrine signalling using transcriptomics. (biomedcentral.com)
The data further show that B9d1 is required for normal Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, ciliogenesis, and ciliary protein localization. (medscape.com)

Biochemical studies revealed that S protein triggers inflammation via activation of the NF-κB pathway in a MyD88-dependent manner. (biorxiv.org)
We explore how molecular interactions between proteins and small molecules, defined at atomic resolution, govern biochemical output and in turn control cell behaviour. (southampton.ac.uk)

[ 1 ] However, they have a unique cell membrane that contains sterols, which are not present in either bacteria or viruses. (medscape.com)
Mycoplasma species have also been mistakenly believed to be L-forms of bacteria, which also lack cell walls. (medscape.com)
Unlike mycoplasmal organisms, L-form bacteria do not have sterols in the cell membranes, and they can revert to their walled parental forms. (medscape.com)
This article reviews recent studies on mucosal immune responses induced by polysaccharide based vaccines and some protein vaccine antigens against several pathogenic nasopharyngeal bacteria, and discusses the mechanisms and functions of these immune responses that may help our understanding of mucosal immune responses to both immunisation and infection. (bmj.com)
It seems that NTNH and other proteins produced simultaneously by the bacteria with the BoNT must have important role(s) to play in the intoxication process. (nature.com)

These cells are equipped on their apical and basal membrane with copper transporters CTR1 and ATP7A. (researchgate.net)
These specialized epithelial cells, together with endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries and the basal membrane, form a filter that retains plasma proteins in the circulation. (nih.gov)

Amniotic epithelial cells were known to express some of neuronal and glial cell markers (Sakuragawa et al. (scielo.org.ar)
When food contaminated with BoNTs is ingested the toxin passes through the gastrointestinal tract, transcytosed from gut lumen into general blood circulation, binds to the presynaptic membrane of the neuronal cells and then is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis into nerve cells. (nature.com)

sec5 mutations have been identified and characterized in Drosophila in order to delineate the role of the protein in neurons and particularly at synapses. (sdbonline.org)
Figure 1 Drosophila epithelial cells. (photometrics.com)

Acts upstream of with a negative effect on epithelial cell apoptotic process. (nih.gov)

The exocyst, like SNARE complexes, may be needed for all fusions at the plasma membrane both in developing and mature neurons, or it may be required only for particular forms of traffic (Murthy, 2003 and references therein). (sdbonline.org)
In some cases, the exocytotic vesicles derive from the Golgi apparatus and consist of newly synthesized materials, while in others the vesicles derive from the plasma membrane and cycle locally. (sdbonline.org)
Disruption of plant plasma membrane by Nep1-like proteins in pathogen/plant interactions. (ki.si)
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bond and inactive GDP-bound state. (lu.se)

In immortalised human airway cells (line H441) with 10 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, apical ASL glucose was 0.24±0.07 mM [ 10 ]. (ersjournals.com)
We used the OVA mouse model of allergic inflammation and human airway epithelial (HBE1) cells to determine the role of FTase in inflammatory cell recruitment. (cdc.gov)

However, because they induce a T cell independent B cell response, they are poorly immunogenic in young children, and in adults only induce relatively short term protection. (bmj.com)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)

Systematic analysis of SNARE molecules in Arabidopsis: dissection of the post-Golgi network in plant cells. (kegg.jp)
The identification, therefore, of the molecules required for directed membrane traffic will be important for understanding organismal development and cell-cell signaling (Murthy, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
set the stage for the still ongoing debate on the role of bulk flow versus receptor-mediated transport of cargo molecules through the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells. (biologists.com)
The human body does not recognize the adult worms as foreign material because, although purified schistosomal tegumental protein is potently immunogenic [ 509 ], the adult parasites can remake their surfaces constantly and cover them with native molecules taken from the human host [ 510 ]. (nanomedicine.com)
Autoantibodies directed against molecules that are unique to the surface of cells in the parenchyma of discrete organs underlie the pathogenesis of a variety of organ-specific autoimmune diseases ( 1 ). (silverchair.com)
Cell membranes are biologic barriers that selectively inhibit passage of drug molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Small molecules tend to penetrate membranes more rapidly than larger ones. (msdmanuals.com)

GLEPP1, a renal glomerular epithelial cell (podocyte) membrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase. (wikipedia.org)

It partially antagonizes AT 1 receptor-mediated effects such as vasoconstriction, fibrosis, and thrombogenesis by signaling through the G-protein-coupled Mas receptor, which promotes vasodilation and anti-fibrotic actions 2 . (nature.com)
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus (CoV)-2 uses ACE2 as its primary entry receptor into human cells 4 . (nature.com)
Transcriptome analyses revealed that Caco-2 BBE cells respond to stimulation with IL-8 supporting the hypothesis that IL-8 induces G protein-coupled receptor signalling. (biomedcentral.com)
This study showed for the first time that thrombin promotes specific, dose-dependent glutamate release from RPE cells, induced by the activation of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1). (molvis.org)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)

We have previously reported the identification and characterization of an LKB1-specific adaptor protein, STRAD, which activates LKB1 and translocates it from nucleus to cytoplasm. (nih.gov)

Apical and basolateral markers sort to their respective membrane domains. (nih.gov)
However, it is not known if CXCR1 is expressed on the apical or basolateral poles in polarized Caco-2 BBE cells or human intestinal tissue or whether the direction of TLR signalling influences the direction of IL-8 secretion. (biomedcentral.com)
Stimulation of polarized Caco-2 BBE cells with Pam2CSK4 and Pam3CSK4, agonists for TLR2/6 and TLR2/1 from the apical or basolateral sides induced secretion of IL-8 predominantly into the apical compartment regardless of the location of the stimulus, although basolateral stimulation induced smaller amounts of IL-8 compared to apical stimulation. (biomedcentral.com)

A deficiency of the CFTR leads to chloride channel dysfunction at the epithelial cells lining the airway and exocrine glands, causing accumulation of thickened mucous secretions. (hindawi.com)
In OVA-exposed mice, FTI-277 treatment increased eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and airway hyperreactivity. (cdc.gov)

The membrane integral enzymes alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase of isolated IEC are localized to the brush borders of IEC in tissue and in most newly isolated IEC. (rupress.org)
We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)
We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)
We found that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies had reactions with 28 out of 55 tissue antigens, representing a diversity of tissue groups that included barrier proteins, gastrointestinal, thyroid and neural tissues, and more. (frontiersin.org)
We also did selective epitope mapping using BLAST and showed similarities and homology between spike, nucleoprotein, and many other SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the human tissue antigens mitochondria M2, F-actin and TPO. (frontiersin.org)
Cross-reactivity occurs when amino acid sequence homology exists between a pathogen and self-tissue proteins ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Characterization of accessible chromatin regions in cattle rumen epithelial tissue during weaning. (usda.gov)
SFTs of the pleura are localized mesenchymal neoplasms composed of fibroblastlike cells believed to arise from the subpleural connective tissue. (medscape.com)

Here we investigated IL-8 secretion in response to TLR signalling using intestinal Caco-2 BBE cells grown in the Transwell system. (biomedcentral.com)
In HBE1 cells, FTase inhibition with FTI-277 had no significant effect on IL-13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation, eotaxin-3 peptide secretion, or Ras translocation. (cdc.gov)
However, addition of exogenous FPP unexpectedly augmented IL-13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation and eotaxin-3 secretion from HBE1 cells without affecting Ras translocation. (cdc.gov)

We observed that spike (S) protein potently induces inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including IL-6, IL-1ß, TNFa, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL2, but not IFNs in human and mouse macrophages. (biorxiv.org)
Consistently, administration of S protein induces IL-6, TNF-a, and IL-1 ß in wild-type, but not Tlr2-deficient mice. (biorxiv.org)
Quilty F, Freeley M, Gargan S, Gilmer J, Long A., Deoxycholic acid induces proinflammatory cytokine production by model oesophageal cells via lipid rafts. (tcd.ie)
Sodium butyrate induces mitophagy and apoptosis of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. (usda.gov)
Butyrate induces modifications of the CTCF-binding landscape in cattle cells. (usda.gov)

SARS-CoV-2 gains cell entry via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, a membrane-bound enzyme of the "alternative" (alt) renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (nature.com)
We believe the answer is probable, since some of the systemic disease clinical manifestations of COVID-19 cannot be explained solely by the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins with cell membranes of tissues that exhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (frontiersin.org)

Finally, Virotrap-based interactome analysis of two N-terminal proteoforms originating from noncoding regions showed the functional potential of these novel proteins. (bvsalud.org)

Tissues and Cells. (lu.se)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)

The research for my thesis focused on studying the interactions between nanoparticles and cellular membranes in an attempt to understand potentially toxic effects of nanoparticles. (columbiabasin.edu)
The combination of such self-organizational phenomena with canonical intermolecular interactions is most likely to control the release of membrane proteins from the ER into the secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
METHODS: Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments were performed in human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) together with immunofluorescent confocal and high resolution microscopy, auto-ubiquitinylation assays, and co-immunoprecipitation experiments to test the functional interactions between hERG and RNF207. (bvsalud.org)

In this project the lab aims to image the movement of vesicles with cargo proteins destined for these different membranes. (photometrics.com)
The St Johnston Lab are aiming to image fast moving, small vesicles that contain a limited number of cargo proteins which results in a very low fluorescence signal. (photometrics.com)

Claudins are major integral membrane proteins of tight junctions, especially Claudin 1, 4, and 7, which are known as the impermeability Claudins. (medscimonit.com)

The exocyst complex, a set of eight proteins first identified from secretory mutants in yeast, is an attractive candidate for mediating directed traffic. (sdbonline.org)
Yeast cells use an anisotropic secretory apparatus for polarized growth at a selected bud site. (sdbonline.org)
Secretory proteins exit the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in coat protein complex II (COPII)-coated vesicles and then progress through the Golgi complex before delivery to their final destination. (biologists.com)
In this Commentary, I review evidence in favor of the idea that partitioning of TMDs into bilayer domains that are endowed with distinct physico-chemical properties plays a pivotal role in the transport of membrane proteins within the early secretory pathway. (biologists.com)
To investigate cellular and metabolic characteristics associated with these limitations, we compare HEK293 clones producing either erythropoietin (EPO) (secretory) or GFP (non-secretory) protein at different rates. (bvsalud.org)
Our results offer potential target pathways and genes for further development of the secretory power in mammalian cell factories. (bvsalud.org)

Also, the NAPs bind to glycoproteins on the surface of the epithelial cells for transcytosis of toxin. (nature.com)
It is localized in the basement membrane lamina lucida and functions to bind epithelial cells to the basement membrane. (bvsalud.org)

2001). In our previous report, we concluded the usefulness of amniotic epithelial cells transplantation in spinal cord injury repair research. (scielo.org.ar)
2001) had found amniotic epithelial cells conditioned medium showed neurotrophic effect on rat embryonic day 18 (E18) cortical neurons. (scielo.org.ar)
A role for the complex in mammalian synapse formation and neurite outgrowth has been suggested by the early presence of Sec6/Sec8 immunoreactivity at sites of synaptogenesis in culture (Hazuka, 1999) and the impairment of neurite outgrowth with dominant-negative forms of sec10 and sec8 in PC12 cells (Vega, 2001). (sdbonline.org)

99.9% of the bacterial cells by serum treatment, the colorimetric assay was used to screen 1000 colonies, of which 35 showed enhanced serum resistance. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins fail to activate human dendritic cells or "" T cells. (tcd.ie)

Cells were grown for 5 days prior to imaging with apical TIRF microscopy. (ucsd.edu)
All aspects of microscopy from basic wide-field and fluorescence imaging, confocal imaging, live cell imaging and TIRF (total internal reflection microscopy), and electron microscopy are available. (harvard.edu)

With a strong and varied background in microbiology, immunology, molecular biology and cell biology, he has developed diagnostic tools and vaccines for disorders that afflict millions of people every year. (mainlinehealth.org)
Our research focuses on interrogating the impact of obscurins' loss from normal breast epithelial cells, the delineation of the molecular alterations that take place downstream of obscurins' loss, and the development of novel and effective ways to restore obscurin expression and/or functionality. (jhu.edu)
Using the muscle and epithelial cell as model systems, my laboratory has pioneered the molecular and functional characterization of the obscurin subfamily and its binding partner Myosin Binding Protein-C slow in health and disease. (jhu.edu)
Using the muscle and epithelial cell as model systems, her laboratory has pioneered the molecular and functional characterization of major cytoskeletal and membrane-associated proteins as structural and signaling mediators in health and disease. (jhu.edu)
Our work will lay the foundation for a more ambitious, collaborative project bringing together expertise in cell and molecular biology, cancer biology, physics, and mathematics, to investigate the causal relationship between ANXA1-mediated defects in cell divisions and tumour heterogeneity, and the underlying mechanisms. (southampton.ac.uk)
We analyzed the molecular mechanisms leading to glutamate release from rat primary cultures of RPE cells, under isosmotic conditions. (molvis.org)

The epithelial cells of proximal tubules perform the functions of both copper uptake from the primary urine and release to the blood. (researchgate.net)

He has also contributed to cell biology: described fougaro system in cells, anigma in the muscularis of the colon and peinosis of the colon when on a high fat high protein diet. (mainlinehealth.org)
Dennis Brown, PhD , Professor of Medicine and Director of the MGH Program in Membrane Biology, part of the Division of Nephrology and the Center for Systems Biology, was elected by a poll of its members as the new President Elect of the American Physiological Society (APS) . (harvard.edu)

The single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility datasets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Chinese Holstein cattle. (usda.gov)
Single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses of dairy cattle peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their responses to lipopolysaccharide. (usda.gov)

Recent work published in The EMBO Journal and EMBO Reports reveals a novel role for the protein TECPR1 as a sensor for stressed membranes and regulator of lysosomal membrane repair. (babraham.ac.uk)

While the noncanonical autophagy pathway shares the common ATG machinery, it bears key mechanistic and functional distinctions, and is characterized by conjugation of ATG8 to single membranes (CASM). (babraham.ac.uk)
The results indicate that emission from dental light curing units can affect the oral mucous membrane and may reduce its functional abilities. (who.int)

Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process coordinated by a network of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins. (babraham.ac.uk)
These ATG proteins also perform an important parallel role in 'noncanonical' autophagy, a lysosome-associated signaling pathway with key functions in immunity, inflammation, cancer, and neurodegeneration. (babraham.ac.uk)
Non-canonical autophagy is a key cellular pathway in immunity, cancer, and neurodegeneration, characterized by conjugation of ATG8 to endolysosomal single membranes (CASM). (babraham.ac.uk)
Conjugation of the Atg8 (autophagy related 8) family of ubiquitin-like proteins to phospholipids of the phagophore is a hallmark of macroautophagy/autophagy. (babraham.ac.uk)

Absent or decreased function of the CFTR protein is associated with multiorgan dysfunction and shortened life expectancy. (cdc.gov)

Membrane fusion and exocytosis. (kegg.jp)
Two important pathways were examined in the current study: (1) a basic pathway of exocytosis that brings new proteins to the cell surface and permits the cell to grow, and (2) synaptic transmission, a specialized form of exocytosis, regulated by Ca 2+ entry, in which vesicles already present at synapses fuse with the membrane and recycle locally (Murthy, 2003). (sdbonline.org)
In neutrophils, IL-8 binding to CXCR1 triggers G protein-coupled signalling and formation of second messengers that mediate cellular migration, exocytosis of effectors and a respiratory burst to facilitate oxygen-dependent killing of phagocytosed microorganisms [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

With time, both enzymes are found distributed over the entire cell surface. (rupress.org)
While the bud is growing, there is almost no increase in the surface area of the mother cell, indicating that all membrane addition occurs at the bud tip. (sdbonline.org)
Within neurons, multiple pathways are known to transport proteins and transmitters to the cell surface. (sdbonline.org)
Another distinction that has been drawn contrasts the constitutive and the regulated pathways to distinguish the ongoing transport of protein and lipid to the cell surface from the ability to secrete hormones and transmitters in response to specific stimuli. (sdbonline.org)
The component of adult surface cell lipid bilayer with the fastest turnover is phosphatidylcholine and is due to deacylation/reacylation, not to the sloughing of membranes [ 497 ]. (nanomedicine.com)

To study how humoral tolerance is normally maintained to organ-specific membrane antigens, transgenic mice were generated selectively expressing membrane-bound hen egg lysozyme (mHEL) on the thyroid epithelium. (silverchair.com)
These results provide evidence that tolerance is not actively acquired to organ-specific antigens in the preimmune B cell repertoire, underscoring the importance of maintaining tolerance to such antigens by other mechanisms. (silverchair.com)
The role of an intact endothelial barrier in sequestering organ-specific antigens from circulating preimmune B cells is discussed. (silverchair.com)

Towards in silico CLIP-seq : predicting protein-RNA interaction via sequence-to-signal learning. (ki.si)

Downregulation of exocyst Sec10 accelerates kidney tubule cell recovery through enhanced cell migration. (nih.gov)

Anatomy65

Organisms13

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs85

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science3

Health Care1

Intestinal epithelial cells6

Apical membrane4

Tumor11

Polarity5

Gene13

Vesicle3

Antigen7

Bronchial epithelial2

Mechanism8

Permeability2

Extracellular5

Proliferation3

Receptors6

Adhesion4

Metabolism4

Outer2

Vitro3

Retinal2

Lung6

Processes6

Localization3

Biochemical2

Bacteria5

Basal membrane2

Neuronal2

Drosophila2

Apoptotic1

Plasma4

Human airway2

Induce2

Molecules7

Glomerular1

Receptor5

Adaptor1

Basolateral3

Airway2

Tissue8

Secretion3

Induces5

Enzyme2

Novel proteins1

Tissues2

Interactions3

Cargo proteins2

Integral1

Secretory6

Bind2

20013

Bacterial1

Dendritic1

Microscopy2

Molecular6

Proximal1

Biology2

Mononuclear cells2

Regulator1

Functional2

Autophagy4

Dysfunction1

Exocytosis3

Surface5

Antigens3

Interaction1

Migration1