Membrane platelet glycoprotein gpiib iiia complex. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2), produced by activated platelets, has prothrombotic properties, stimulating activation of new platelets as well as increasing platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)

Circulating fibrinogen binds these receptors on adjacent platelets, further strengthening the clot. (wikipedia.org)
The mechanism of early activation of GP IIb/IIIa receptors in diabetic conditions remains unknown. (aging-us.com)
In conclusion, EMP-PDI promotes early platelet activation through glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors present on platelet surface in the diabetic state. (aging-us.com)
However, the ultimate common pathway of platelet aggregation is the activation of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors present on platelet surface [ 7 - 9 ]. (aging-us.com)
Under physiological conditions, the GP IIb/IIIa receptors are present in a low-affinity state and cannot bind to fibrinogen. (aging-us.com)
This process relies on the destruction of disulfide bonds present on these receptors, such as Cys5-Cys435, Cys663-Cys687, and a third Cys-rich repetitive zone, to be transformed into the ligand-binding, high-affinity state and evoke conformational changes in GP IIb/IIIa receptors [ 10 ]. (aging-us.com)
Platelets have abundant surface receptors , classified into agonist and adhesion receptors. (teachmephysiology.com)
Adhesion receptors promote the adhesion of platelets to other platelets, the vessel wall or leucocytes , depending on the receptor stimulated. (teachmephysiology.com)
Exposed collagen fibres bind vWF released from the damaged endothelium, which in turn binds to vWF receptors on platelets to promote adhesion. (teachmephysiology.com)
When a platelet binds to collagen, the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa pathway is activated - a complex system controlled by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). (teachmephysiology.com)
BACKGROUND: Studies have been performed on human fresh, liquid-preserved, and cryopreserved platelets (PLTs) to assess PLT-adhesive surface receptors, PLT membrane procoagulant activity, PLT aggregation, and thromboxane production. (umassmed.edu)
It is well known, that platelets have an armament of soluble molecules, factors, mediators, chemokines, cytokines and neurotransmitters in their granules, and have multiple adhesion molecules and receptors on their surface. (biomedcentral.com)
Nevertheless, their distinctive armament of soluble mediators as well as the presence of surface receptors suggests that platelets must have further roles in several physiological and pathophysiological regulatory processes[ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Platelets are activated when brought into contact with collagen (which is exposed when the endothelial blood vessel lining is damaged), thrombin (primarily through PAR -1), ADP receptors (P2Y1 and P2Y12) expressed on platelets, a negatively charged surface (e.g. glass), or several other activating factors. (wikidoc.org)
The platelets adhere to each other via adhesion receptors or integrins , and to the endothelial cells in the wall of the blood vessel forming a haemostatic plug in conjunction with fibrin . (wikidoc.org)
Other receptors include GPIb-V-IX complex (vWF) and GPVI ( collagen ). (wikidoc.org)
Integrin receptors are involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, serving as the final common pathway leading to aggregation via formation of platelet-platelet bridges, which are essential in thrombosis and haemostasis. (embl.de)
Disintegrins contain an RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) or KGD (Lys-Gly-Asp) sequence motif that binds specifically to integrin IIb-IIIa receptors on the platelet surface, thereby blocking the binding of fibrinogen to the receptor-glycoprotein complex of activated platelets. (embl.de)
In this mechanism, vWF acts as a molecular bridge between constituents of the subendothelium, like collagen, and receptors of the platelet membrane, primarily the GPIb. (ashpublications.org)

This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with other agonists in the vicinity of vessel injury, such as adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), subendothelial collagen, and thrombin. (medscape.com)
2001) A novel viper venom metalloproteinase, alborhagin, is an agonist at the platelet collagen receptor GPVI. (yoproteins.eu)
The exposed collagen itself also promotes platelet binding. (teachmephysiology.com)
The collagen-induced platelet aggregation of platelet-rich plasma samples from 14 healthy rabbits was measured turbidometrically using a platelet aggregometer, before and 1 hour after intravenous injection of alum. (who.int)
Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was significantly reduced after alum injection. (who.int)
contradiction in the mechanism of action of alum, we evaluated the in vivo effect of Alum (aluminium potassium sulfate) is a alum in terms of collagen-induced platelet food additive and traditional remedy used to aggregation and bleeding time. (who.int)
Platelet thrombus on immobilized collagen was quantified using microfluidics platform. (elifesciences.org)
The localization of the binding site of bitiscetin within the A3 domain was further supported by showing that MoAb to vWF, which are specific for this domain and block the interaction between vWF and collagen, are potent inhibitors of the binding of bitiscetin to vWF and consequently of the bitiscetin-induced binding of vWF to platelets. (ashpublications.org)

Dematin Regulates Calcium Mobilization, Thrombosis, and Early Akt Activation in Platelets. (harvard.edu)
Exploratory Use of Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition in Prevention of Blalock-Taussig Shunt Thrombosis. (harvard.edu)
GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation plays an important role in thrombosis. (aging-us.com)
In thrombosis, platelet activation serves as the initiation factor. (aging-us.com)
Under physiological circumstances, the resistance of the endothelial cell lining to interactions with platelets and coagulation factors prevents thrombosis. (medscape.com)
Hughes Syndrome/Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune, hypercoagulable, thrombo inflammatory, and thrombosis and/or pregnancy complications syndrome caused by the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APL) in plasma of patients with vascular thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity along with persistent anti-phospholipid antibodies (APLA), including lupus anticoagulant (LA), anti-β2-glycoprotein I (anti-β2GPI) and/or anti-cardiolipin (ACL) antibodies. (endinglines.com)
Blood platelets play an essential role in hemostasis, thrombosis and coagulation of blood. (biomedcentral.com)
High shear stress in stenotic atherosclerotic arteries cause platelet adhesion leading to the development of arterial thrombosis and cardiovascular events[ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Dysfunction or low levels of platelets predisposes to bleeding , while high levels, although usually asymptomatic, may increase the risk of thrombosis . (wikidoc.org)
Platelets are anucleate blood cells, long known to be critically involved in hemostasis and thrombosis. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
to Platelet adhesion and aggregation are initiating events in arterial thrombosis. (justia.com)
Inhibition of Notch signaling, too, restrained agonist-induced platelet activation, and significantly impaired arterial thrombosis in mice. (elifesciences.org)
Chen,M. and Geng,J.G. (2006): P-Selectin mediates adhesion of leukocytes, platelets and cancer cells in inflammation, thrombosis, cancer growth and metastasis. (9dok.net)

Platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa forms a calcium-dependent heterodimer and constitutes the fibrinogen receptor on stimulated platelets. (rupress.org)

Platelets were activated with ADP, thrombin, or the thrombin receptor agonist peptide SFLLRN (TRAP 1-6 ). (nature.com)
Thrombin can produce platelet aggregation largely independently of other pathways but substantial quantities of thrombin are unlikely to be present without prior activation of platelets by other mechanisms. (justia.com)
Strikingly, prevention of DLL-4-Notch1 interaction by a blocking antibody abolished platelet aggregation and extracellular vesicle shedding induced by thrombin. (elifesciences.org)
Influence of blood sampling from venipunctures and catheter systems on serial determinations of prothrombin activation fragment 1+2 and thrombin-antithrombin III complex. (cams.cn)

Platelet Activation and Reactivity in a Large Cohort of Patients with Gaucher Disease. (harvard.edu)
At late sampling after 30 min no significant differences were found between groups for both platelet reactivity and GP IIb/IIIa receptor occupancy. (uni-luebeck.de)
Flow cytometry can be used to measure platelet reactivity, circulating activated platelets, platelet-platelet aggregates, leukocyte-platelet aggregates, procoagulant platelet-derived microparticles, and calcium flux. (umassmed.edu)

he drug specifically and irreversibly inhibits the P2Y12 subtype of ADP receptor, which is important in aggregation of platelets and cross-linking by the protein fibrin. (itopmeds.com)
The initial hemostatic plug, composed primarily of platelets, is stabilized further by a fibrin mesh generated in secondary hemostasis. (medscape.com)
Retraction of a clot resulting from contraction of PLATELET pseudopods attached to FIBRIN strands. (lookformedical.com)
A) Platelets localize to the site of injury, binding to fibrin, and forming a hemostatic plug. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Then coagulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), prothrombin fragment (F1+2), and platelet membrane glycoprotein (activated GPIIb/GPIIIa and P-selectin) were measured. (cams.cn)
2006): The influence of fibrin polymerization and platelet-mediated contractile forces on citrated whole blood thromboelastography profile. (9dok.net)

The mouse monoclonal antibody PAC-1 recognizes an extracellular activation-induced conformational epitope PAC-1 on CD41/CD61 complex (gpIIb/IIIa), also known as integrin alpha IIb beta 3, a receptor which mediates platelet aggregation. (exbio.cz)
CD41 (platelet glycoprotein IIb, integrin alpha IIb) is composed of two subunits (120 kDa transmembrane alpha chain and 23 kDa extracellular beta chain) and interacts with CD61 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, integrin beta 3) in the presence of calcium to form a functional adhesive protein receptor. (exbio.cz)

therefore, there is a balance shift toward inhibition of vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
It is proposed that the inhibition involves a defect in the mobilization from the storage sites of the platelet granules to the outer membrane. (itopmeds.com)
When taken orally, ticlopidine causes a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of both platelet aggregation and release of platelet granule constituents, as well as a prolongation of bleeding time. (lgmpharma.com)
Background: In patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), direct intracoronary bolus administration of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist abciximab is associated with a reduction in infarct size, better myocardial salvage, less microvascular obstruction and improved myocardial blush grade as compared to intravenous bolus injection, presumably caused by higher local drug concentrations leading to a more pronounced inhibition of platelet aggregation. (uni-luebeck.de)
We investigated whether there are differences in the degree of GP IIb/IIIa receptor occupancy and platelet inhibition in blood drawn from the coronary sinus (CS) shortly after intracoronary versus intravenous abciximab bolus administration. (uni-luebeck.de)
The degree of platelet inhibition was also markedly higher with intracoronary compared to intravenous dosing. (uni-luebeck.de)
Conclusions: Acutely, direct intracoronary bolus injection resulted in a more pronounced local inhibition of platelet function and a higher degree of GP IIb/IIIa receptor occupancy as compared to standard intravenous bolus injection. (uni-luebeck.de)
This is corroborated from the observation that utilizing tyrosine kinase inhibitors H 89 dihydrochloride irreversible inhibition for use in individuals with CML could improve platelet dysfunction [5]. (cancercurehere.com)
2001) [Inhibition of thrombocyte aggregation by F(ab')2-fragments of monoclonal antibodies FraMon (CRC64) to glycoproteins IIb-IIIa]. (yoproteins.eu)
DLL-4, in turn, instigated neighbouring platelets to switch to 'activated' phenotype through cleavage of Notch receptor and release of its intracellular domain (NICD), which was averted by inhibition of γ-secretase and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K). (elifesciences.org)

Peripheral versus central venous blood sampling does not influence the assessment of platelet activation in cirrhosis. (harvard.edu)
Sex-specific platelet activation through protease-activated receptor-1 in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. (harvard.edu)
This active metabolite selectively inhibits adenosine diphosphate (ADP) binding to its platelet P2Y12 receptor and subsequently the ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. (itopmeds.com)
The active metabolite of clopidogrel prevents binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor, impairing the ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex. (itopmeds.com)
As the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex is the major receptor for fibrinogen, its impaired activation prevents fibrinogen binding to platelets and inhibits platelet aggregation. (itopmeds.com)
By blocking the amplification of platelet activation by released ADP, platelet aggregation induced by agonists other than ADP is also inhibited by the active metabolite of clopidogrel. (itopmeds.com)
Qin R , Zhu H , Wang F , Song M , Lin P , Xing Y , Zhang W , Zhong M , Wang Z , . Platelet activation in diabetic mice models: the role of vascular endothelial cell-derived protein disulfide isomerase-mediated GP IIb/IIIa receptor activation. (aging-us.com)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the release of Endothelial microparticle (EMP)-associated protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) after endothelial cell injury induced in diabetes and the changes in platelet activation. (aging-us.com)
Compared with the normal diet group, the diabetic group had significantly increased plasma EMP-PDI content and accelerated platelet activation by increased GP IIb/IIIa expression. (aging-us.com)
However, diabetic patients have significantly higher platelet aggregation and activation than non-diabetic patients, including those undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy [ 4 - 6 ]. (aging-us.com)
This suggests that the mechanism of platelet activation in the diabetic state has not been fully elucidated. (aging-us.com)
Platelet activation allows binding of these proteins, which bridges adjacent platelets. (medscape.com)
Platelet activation pathways. (medscape.com)
Shattil SJ, Hoxie JA, Cunningham M, Brass LF: Changes in the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb.IIIa complex during platelet activation. (exbio.cz)
Shattil SJ, Cunningham M, Hoxie JA: Detection of activated platelets in whole blood using activation-dependent monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. (exbio.cz)
Platelet activation results in a morphological change on the membrane surface of the platelet, increasing the surface area and preparing it for aggregation. (teachmephysiology.com)
TR1-41-induced platelet activation was synergistic with TR42-55. (umassmed.edu)
Circulating monocyte-platelet aggregates appear to be a more sensitive marker of in vivo platelet activation than circulating P-selectin-positive platelets. (umassmed.edu)
ITGA2B is a receptor for fibronectin, fibrinogen, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin and functions in platelet activation (5). (peertechzpublications.com)
The associations between variants in platelet activation-relevant genes and carotid plaque vulnerability are not fully understood. (oncotarget.com)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of the variants in platelet activation-relevant genes and interactions among these variants with carotid plaque vulnerability. (oncotarget.com)
The high-risk interactions among the three variants were associated with high platelet activation, and independently associated with the risk of carotid plaque vulnerability. (oncotarget.com)
Eleven variants in platelet activation-relevant genes were examined using mass spectrometry methods in 396 ischemic stroke patients and 291controls. (oncotarget.com)
Platelet activation means their aggregation, sludge formation, furthermore the release of the for-mentioned biologically very powerful factors, which can locally amplify and deepen the tissue specific cell reactions. (biomedcentral.com)
Stehbens and Biscoe, 1967 ), platelet shape change was, and still is, generally regarded to be the initial stage of platelet activation. (nature.com)
The contents of the granules are released upon activation of the platelet. (wikidoc.org)
Platelet activation further results in the scramblase -mediated transport of negatively charged phospholipids to the platelet surface. (wikidoc.org)
Platelet aggregation is stimulated by thromboxane and α2 receptor -activation, but inhibited by other inflammatory products like PGI2 and PGD2 . (wikidoc.org)
B) Platelet (red)‐neutrophil (green/blue) interactions in suspension after platelet activation. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
The P 2T receptor (also known as P2Y ADP or P2T AC ) is primarily involved in mediating platelet aggregation/activation and is a G-protein coupled receptor which is as yet uncloned. (justia.com)
describes a novel signaling pathway involving Notch1 and its ligand, Δ-like ligand-4 (DLL4) in driving platelet activation and thrombus formation. (elifesciences.org)
Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)

3. Sirotkina OV, Khaspekova SG, Zabotina AM, Shimanova YV, Mazurov AV. (2007) Effects of platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa number and glycoprotein IIIa Leu33Pro polymorphism on platelet aggregation and sensitivity to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists. (yoproteins.eu)
Additionally, the applications of peptidomimetics in anti oxidants, anti malarial drugs, blood filtration membranes and as fibrinogen antagonists have also been included. (ijpsr.com)
The high anti-platelet efficacy of antibodies or antagonists for GPIIb/IIIa is explained by their interference with this final common event. (justia.com)

Upon blood vessel damage, this receptor binds to a variety of proteins including von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen, fibronectin and vitronectin, and it is involved in platelet aggregation. (exbio.cz)

Whatever the initial stimulus, the final common event is a cross-linking of platelets by binding of fibrinogen to a membrane-binding site, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa). (justia.com)

4. Naimushin YA, Mazurov AV. (2004) Von Willebrand factor can support platelet aggregation via interaction with activated GPIIb-IIIa and GPIb. (yoproteins.eu)
Knockin of human VWF exon 28 and crossbreeding with hGPIbα Tg generated a humanized mouse model of platelet GPIbα-VWFA1 interaction. (ashpublications.org)
and (iv) independent of the GPIb-IX and GPIIb-IIIa complexes. (umassmed.edu)
RESULTS: Fresh PLTs responded to the dual agonists arachidonic acid and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to aggregate and produce thromboxane A2, and in both the PLT surface markers P-selectin and GPIIb-IIIa increased and GPIb decreased after stimulation. (umassmed.edu)
The binding of vWF to platelets involves glycoprotein (GP) Ib because it was totally blocked by monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 6D1 directed towards the vWF-binding site of GPIb. (ashpublications.org)
The binding also involves the GPIb-binding site of vWF located on the A1 domain because it was inhibited by MoAb to vWF whose epitopes are within this domain and that block binding of vWF to platelets induced by ristocetin or botrocetin. (ashpublications.org)
Thus, our data support the hypothesis that an interaction between the A1 and A3 domains exists that may play a role in the function of vWF by regulating the ability of the A1 domain to bind to platelet GPIb. (ashpublications.org)
In vivo, plasma vWF has no affinity for platelet GPIb. (ashpublications.org)
Bombeli,T., Schwartz,B.R., and Harlan,J.M. (1998): Adhesion of Activated Platelets to Endothelial Cells: Evidence for a GPIIb/IIIa-dependent Bridging Mechanism and Novel Roles for Endothelial Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), α V β 3 -Integrin and GPIbα. (9dok.net)

Integrin alpha 2b associates with Integrin beta 3 to form complexes that interact with Fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, Fibronectin, and Vitronectin. (rndsystems.com)
Platelets play a primary role in this process, interacting with subendothelium-bound von Willebrand factor (vWf) via the membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib complex. (medscape.com)
Bitiscetin has recently been shown to induce von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent aggregation of fixed platelets (Hamako J, et al, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 226:273, 1996). (ashpublications.org)
V ON WILLEBRAND FACTOR (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein (GP) that plays a key role, under high-shear conditions, in the initial attachment of platelets to the extracellular matrix of the endothelial cells after injury of the vessel wall. (ashpublications.org)

Integrin alpha 2b (ITGA2b), also known as CD41 and GPIIb, is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed by megakaryocytes and platelets. (rndsystems.com)
Bentfeld-Barker,M.E. and Bainton,D.F. (1982): Identification of primary lysosomes in human megakaryocytes and platelets. (9dok.net)

Thromboxane synthesis inhibitors, in turn, can be classified regarding which step in the synthesis they inhibit: The widely used drug aspirin acts by inhibiting the ability of the COX enzyme to synthesize the precursors of thromboxane within platelets. (wikipedia.org)
However, not all patients in these trials received glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors. (acc.org)
This was also seen when preactivated platelets, which cannot undergo further morphological changes, were used, and when platelets were activated in the presence of shape-change inhibitors such as cytochalasin D and vincristine. (nature.com)

Obtained Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) is certainly a uncommon bleeding disorder seen as a abrupt starting point of moderate-to-severe bleeding propensity and extended bleeding period but with regular platelet count number and regular or decreased platelet glycoprotein (GP) appearance. (cancercurehere.com)
The antibody does not react with platelets from patients with the hereditary deficiency of GP IIb-IIIa (Glanzmann's thrombasthenia). (yoproteins.eu)
Severe abnormalities in platelet function, such as Bernard-Soulier syndrome, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, or platelet storage-pool deficiency, are characterized by the inability of platelets to aggregate in response to certain agonists. (nature.com)

Detection of Integrin alpha 2b/CD41 in Human Blood Platelets by Flow Cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
Platelet function in whole blood can be comprehensively evaluated by flow cytometry. (umassmed.edu)
Flow cytometry can also be used in the following clinical settings: monitoring of GPIIb-IIIa antagonist therapy, diagnosis of inherited deficiencies of platelet surface glycoproteins, diagnosis of storage pool disease, diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and measurement of the rate of thrombopoiesis. (umassmed.edu)
Transcripts/peptides of Notch1 and Delta-like ligand (DLL)-4 were detected in platelets isolated from human blood by RT-qPCR, Western analysis and flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)
Platelet aggregation, granule secretion and platelet-leukocyte interaction were analyzed by lumi-aggregometry and flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)

It is an integrin complex containing INTEGRIN ALPHAIIB and INTEGRIN BETA3 which recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequence present on several adhesive proteins. (harvard.edu)
View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins . (rndsystems.com)
The alpha granules contain hemostatic proteins such as fibrinogen, vWf, and growth factors (eg, platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factors). (medscape.com)
His overarching interest is devoted to the structural biology of proteins that are either membrane embedded or membrane surface-bound. (sc-ctsi.org)
Isothermal Titration Calorimetry of Membrane Proteins. (sc-ctsi.org)

Immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine pulse-chase-labeled cell extracts by antibodies specific for the alpha or beta subunits of GPIIb indicated that GPIIb was derived from a precursor of Mr 130,000 that contains the alpha and beta subunits. (rupress.org)
Platelets with antibodies on their surface are trapped in the spleen, where they are efficiently removed by splenic macrophages. (medscape.com)
These antibodies may be directed toward viral antigens and then cross-react with platelet antigens. (medscape.com)
These antibodies can also react with the developing megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, leading to decreased production of platelets (ineffective thrombopoiesis). (medscape.com)

Koray Ak, Ergun S, Altınoz H, Uyguner ZO, Tetik S (2016) GG Polymorphism of Platelet ITGA2B Gene Increases the Magnitude of Interleukin-6 Release after Cardiopulmonary Bypass. (peertechzpublications.com)
In this study we aimed to investigate the effect of ITGA2B (integrin alpha 2b, platelet glycoprotein IIb of IIb/IIIa complex) gene polymorphism on the magnitude of inflammatory response after CPB. (peertechzpublications.com)

The platelet GP IIb/IIIa complex mediates platelet-to-platelet interactions (platelet aggregation). (medscape.com)

The key role of platelets is their participation in haemostasis through the formation of blood clots at the site of bleeding. (teachmephysiology.com)
This article reviews the role of platelets in inflammation and immune responses, and highlights their interactions with other immune cells, including examples of major functional consequences of these interactions. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

Platelets contain two unique types of granules: alpha granules and dense granules. (medscape.com)
Granules merge with channels of the canalicular system after platelet stimulation and evacuate their contents[ 8 - 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ultrastructural features of a discoid platelet showing α‐granules, mitochondrion, the marginal microtubule band, and open canicular system. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

The antibody is specific to the integrin complex alpha 2b beta 3, but not to the dissociated integrins. (yoproteins.eu)
Platelets contain a number of integrins and cell adhesion molecules on their surface which bind to both leukocytes and endothelial cells (green). (comprehensivephysiology.com)

Neither affinity-purified Ab1 nor Ab2 binds to platelets. (jci.org)
However, the combination of Ab1 and Ab2 (preincubated for 2 h at 22 degrees C) binds to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner at an optimum ratio range of 10-20:1. (jci.org)
In the presence of bitiscetin, vWF binds to platelets in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. (ashpublications.org)

The body's reaction to vessel wall injury is rapid adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium. (medscape.com)

Recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that platelets have the pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several poor prognostic mediacal conditions like inflammation and cancer (10). (peertechzpublications.com)

In addition, when platelets are activated, negatively charged phospholipids move from the inner to the outer leaflet of the membrane bilayer. (medscape.com)

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles were documented with Nanoparticle Tracking Analyzer. (elifesciences.org)
Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)

In this study, we demonstrate that the 41-aa cleaved peptide, TR1-41 (MGPRRLLLVAACFSLCGPLLSARTRARRPESKATNATLDPR) is a strong platelet agonist. (umassmed.edu)
In summary, the cleaved peptide of the seven-transmembrane domain TR (TR1-41) is a strong platelet agonist. (umassmed.edu)

Integrin alpha 2b is required for platelet aggregation, and defects lead to disorders of coagulation. (rndsystems.com)

Thromboxane-A synthase, an enzyme found in platelets, converts the arachidonic acid derivative prostaglandin H2 to thromboxane. (wikipedia.org)
Thromboxane is a vasoconstrictor and a potent hypertensive agent, and it facilitates platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
These "Sticky platelets" secrete several chemicals, including thromboxane A2 that stimulate vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow at the site. (wikipedia.org)
Low-dose, long-term aspirin use irreversibly blocks the formation of thromboxane A2 in platelets, producing an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. (wikipedia.org)
The result is the secretion of ADP and thromboxane A2 which subsequently activate other platelets. (teachmephysiology.com)
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In both human and baboon fresh and lyophilized PLTs, aggregation response and PLT production of thromboxane A2 were measured after stimulation, and PLT surface markers P-selectin, glycoprotein (GP) Ib, GPIIb-IIIa, and factor (F) V were measured before and after stimulation. (umassmed.edu)
The limited anti-thrombotic efficacy of aspirin may reflect the fact that it blocks only one source of ADP which is that released in a thromboxane-dependent manner following platelet adhesion (see e.g. (justia.com)

The mechanism of secretion of thromboxanes from platelets is still unclear. (wikipedia.org)
Through these pathways activated platelets are accumulated in the follicular vessels surrounding the follicle and due to its released soluble molecules (factors, mediators, chemokines, cytokines, neurotransmitters) locally increase oocyte maturation and hormone secretion. (biomedcentral.com)

2010) [Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonist Monafram in primary angioplasty of patients with acute coronary syndrome without st segment elevation]. (yoproteins.eu)

Results of published studies of the association between the glycoprotein IIIa polymorphism and ischemic stroke. (jamanetwork.com)

Thus, Notch pathway can be a potential anti-platelet/anti-thrombotic therapeutic target. (elifesciences.org)
Advances in the discovery of novel anti-platelet therapeutics remains an unmet need. (elifesciences.org)

The antibody reacts with human platelets and megakaryocytes. (yoproteins.eu)
We demonstrate expression of Notch1, its ligand DLL-4 and their respective transcripts in human platelets. (elifesciences.org)
Breton-Gorius,J. and Guichard,J. (1972): Ultrastructural localization of peroxidase activity in human platelets and megakaryocytes. (9dok.net)
1998): Nitric oxide-dependent and independent effects on human platelets treated with peroxynitrite. (9dok.net)

Human peripheral blood platelets were stained with FITC-conjugated Anti-Human Integrin a2b/CD41 Antibody (Clone P2) and either (A) Mouse Anti-Human Integrin a2b/CD41 APC-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB7616A) or (B) Mouse IgG 1 Allophycocyanin Isotype Control (Catalog # IC002A ). (rndsystems.com)
Born,G.V. and Cross,M.J. (1963): The Aggregation of Blood Platelets. (9dok.net)

The normal platelet count is 150-400 x 10 9 /L. Although they are primarily found in the bloodstream, up to 30% of platelets are transiently sequestered within the spleen , ready for rapid mobilisation. (teachmephysiology.com)
A normal platelet count in a healthy person is between 150,000 and 400,000 per mm³ of blood (150-400 x 10 9 / L ). 95% of healthy people will have platelet counts in this range. (wikidoc.org)

Platelet disorders lead to defects in primary hemostasis and produce signs and symptoms different from coagulation factor deficiencies (disorders of secondary hemostasis). (medscape.com)
In other words platelets are corpuscular messengers, or are more than a member of the family providing hemostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The function of platelets in the maintenance of hemostasis has long been recognized and well defined. (biomedcentral.com)
Platelets , or thrombocytes , are the cells circulating in the blood that are involved in the cellular mechanisms of primary hemostasis leading to the formation of blood clots . (wikidoc.org)

It also secretes e.g. platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). (wikidoc.org)

The high concentration of myosin and actin filaments in platelets are stimulated to contract during aggregation, further reinforcing the plug. (wikidoc.org)

It was suggested that this optical effect was caused by the morphological change of platelets from discs to spherical cells with pseudopodia ( Latimer et al, 1977 ). (nature.com)

This initial interaction (platelet adhesion) sets the stage for other adhesive reactions that allow the platelets to interact with each other to form an aggregate (see image below). (medscape.com)
7. Smirnova IV, Khaspekova SG, Ignatov VV, Mazurov AV. (1998) Interaction of wheat germ agglutinin and concanavalin A with platelets. (yoproteins.eu)
A) EM image of an inflamed mouse cremaster venule, demonstrating platelet‐neutrophil‐endothelial cell interaction. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Therefore, with the aim to summarize the current knowledge on the initiation of the atherosclerotic process, in this paper, we review the early markers of atherosclerosis and we address the main therapeutic targets for preventing atheroma formation at its very initial stages focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and the interaction between platelets and endothelium. (hindawi.com)

Stimulation of platelet functional reactions and binding with membrane glycoproteins. (yoproteins.eu)

8. Khaspekova SG, Vyzova TV, Lukin VV, Tikhomirov OIu, Berndt M, Kouns W, Mazurov AV. (1996) [Conformational changes of the platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb-IIIa complex stimulated by a monoclonal antibody to the N-terminal segment of glycoprotein IIIa]. (yoproteins.eu)
Autoimmune anti-HIV-1gp120 antibody with antiidiotype-like activity in sera and immune complexes of HIV-1-related immunologic thrombocytopenia. (jci.org)

Particular platelet defects, including unusual platelet morphology, obtained storage space pool disease, platelet membrane abnormalities, and unusual arachidonic acid fat burning capacity, have already been defined [4] previously. (cancercurehere.com)

The hemostatic system consists of platelets, coagulation factors, and the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. (medscape.com)
Once activated, they release a number of different coagulation factors and platelet activating factors. (wikidoc.org)

Platelet-leukocyte aggregates and platelet aggregation were also measured. (oncotarget.com)
Our study presents compelling evidence in support of non-canonical juxtacrine Notch signaling within platelet aggregates that synergizes with physiological agonists to generate occlusive intramural thrombi. (elifesciences.org)

If the cap of a vulnerable plaque erodes or ruptures, as in myocardial infarction, platelets stick to the damaged lining of the vessel and to each other within seconds and form a plug. (wikipedia.org)
This property let platelets arrest bleeding and promote vessel repair. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the process of platelet adhesion to the sub-endothelial surface may have an important role to play in the repair of damaged vessel walls, the platelet aggregation that this initiates can precipitate acute thrombotic occlusion of vital vascular beds, leading to events with high morbidity such as myocardial infarction and unstable angina. (justia.com)

GPIIb is a two-chain protein containing disulfide-linked alpha and beta subunits. (rupress.org)

this method is widely used to assess the functional status of platelets. (nature.com)
Selected examples of proinflammatory effects of platelets resulting in functional consequences on leukocytes. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Existence of functional Notch signaling in enucleate platelets remains elusive. (elifesciences.org)

Covalent binding to platelets has accounted for 2% of radiolabeled clopidogrel with a half-life of 11 days. (itopmeds.com)
Ticlopidine is a platelet aggregation inhibitor structurally and pharmacologically similar to clopidogrel. (lgmpharma.com)
1. Khaspekova SG, Ziuriaev IT, Iakushkin VV, Golubeva NV, Ruda MIa, Mazurov AV. (2011) [Platelet aggregation upon acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel treatment and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa content in patients with acute coronary syndrome]. (yoproteins.eu)

The platelet-activating factor (PAF) is also an important secretory product of platelets mediating the platelet aggregation, inflammation and anaphylaxis[ 13 ] (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to their role in blood clots, increasing evidence reveals significant roles for platelets in inflammation and immunity. (comprehensivephysiology.com)

and the PLASMA MEMBRANE . (nih.gov)

Clot retraction is used as a measure of platelet function. (lookformedical.com)
The production of the platelet plug is an example of positive feedback and thus it is necessary to have measures in place to prevent excessive and inappropriate clot formation. (teachmephysiology.com)

The release of soluble tumour-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) from its membrane-bound precursor is one of the most intensively studied shedding events because this inflammatory cytokine is so physiologically important. (embl.de)

Anatomy23

Organisms11

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs118

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes49

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care3

Increasing platelet aggregation1

Receptors19

Collagen8

Thrombosis13

Fibrinogen receptor1

Thrombin4

Reactivity3

Fibrin6

Integrin alpha-IIb2

Inhibition10

Activation32

Antagonists3

Involved in platelet aggregation1

Binding of fibrinogen1

GPIb9

WILLEBRAND FACTOR4

Megakaryocytes and platelets2

Inhibitors3

Glanzmann's3

Flow Cytometry5

Proteins5

Antibodies4

ITGA2b2

Mediates1

Role of platelets2

Granules3

INTEGRINS2

Binds to platelets3

Adhesion of platelets1

Suggests that platelets1

Negatively charged phospholipids1

Extracellular2

Agonist2

Alpha 2b1

Thromboxane7

Secretion2

Antagonist1

Polymorphism1

Anti-platelet2

Human platelets4

Blood Platelets2

Normal platelet2

Hemostasis4

PDGF1

Actin filaments1

Morphological change1

Interaction4

Stimulation1

Antibody2

Arachidonic acid1

Coagulation factors2

Aggregates2

Vessel3

Protein1

Functional3

Clopidogrel3

Inflammation2

PLASMA MEMBRANE1

Clot2

FACTOR1