Membrane domain membrane fusion. Medical search. Frequent questions

Membrane fusion proteins (not to be confused with chimeric or fusion proteins) are proteins that cause fusion of biological membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Fusion proteins can originate from genes encoded by infectious enveloped viruses, ancient retroviruses integrated into the host genome, or solely by the host genome. (wikipedia.org)
Post-transcriptional modifications made to the fusion proteins by the host, namely addition and modification of glycans and acetyl groups, can drastically affect fusogenicity (the ability to fuse). (wikipedia.org)
Vesicle fusion events involved in neurotransmitter trafficking also relies on the catalytic activity of fusion proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The SNARE family include bona fide eukaryotic fusion proteins. (wikipedia.org)
They are domesticated viral class I fusion proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Enveloped viruses readily overcome the thermodynamic barrier of merging two plasma membranes by storing kinetic energy in fusion (F) proteins. (wikipedia.org)
F proteins can be independently expressed on host cell surfaces which can either (1) drive the infected cell to fuse with neighboring cells, forming a syncytium, or (2) be incorporated into a budding virion from the infected cell which leads to the full emancipation of plasma membrane from the host cell. (wikipedia.org)
Some F components solely drive fusion while a subset of F proteins can interact with host factors. (wikipedia.org)
There are four groups of fusion proteins categorized by their structure and mechanism of fusion. (wikipedia.org)
Class I fusion proteins resemble influenzavirus hemagglutinin in their structure. (wikipedia.org)
Class III fusion proteins are distinct from I and II. (wikipedia.org)
Class IV fusion proteins, better known as fusion-associated small transmembrane proteins (FAST), are the smallest type of fusion protein. (wikipedia.org)
They are the only known membrane fusion proteins found in non-enveloped viruses. (wikipedia.org)
Interbilayer forces in membrane fusion Viral membrane fusion proteins Classification of viral fusion proteins in TCDB database Klapper R, Stute C, Schomaker O, Strasser T, Janning W, Renkawitz-Pohl R, Holz A (January 2002). (wikipedia.org)
Membrane Fusion Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Membrane Fusion Proteins" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Membrane Fusion Proteins" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Membrane Fusion Proteins" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
SNARE proteins are essential components of the machinery that facilitates membrane fusion in eukaryotic cells. (gla.ac.uk)
The Sec1p / Munc18 (SM) family are a conserved group of proteins that regulate membrane fusion through interactions with their cognate syntaxins. (gla.ac.uk)
The yeast SM protein Vps45p regulates membrane fusion through the trans-Golgi / late endosomal system, and interacts directly with the syntaxin (Tlg2p) and the v-SNARE (Snc2p) proteins. (gla.ac.uk)
Finally, I have developed an in vitro fusion assay to enable us to dissect the functional significance of the various interactions that Vps45p displays with its cognate SNARE proteins. (gla.ac.uk)
They are integral membrane zinc metaloprotease that cleave transmembrane domains in proteins. (tcdb.org)
Ras proteins are attached by a fatty tail to the inner surface of the cell membrane. (elifesciences.org)
Apart from the beta-lactamases a number of other proteins contain this domain ( PUBMED:7588620 ). (embl.de)
There are 264030 Lactamase_B domains in 263820 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl.de)
Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing Lactamase_B domain. (embl.de)
The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with Lactamase_B domain is also avaliable . (embl.de)
Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing Lactamase_B domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl.de)
and a DH domain in the yeastBud3 and Fus2 proteins. (embl.de)
Through a cycle of GTP binding and hydrolysis, rab-effector proteins are recruited to membrane sub-domains in a temporally and spatially specific manner. (bl.uk)
Several rab proteins localise to the Golgi apparatus, the organelle consisting of stacked, flattened, membrane-bound cisternae through which newly-synthesised proteins are transited and modified, and where proteins and lipids are sorted and packaged for transport to other subcellular destinations. (bl.uk)
Over the last decade, researchers in our laboratory have engineered and developed several series of genetically encoded voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins (VSFPs) by molecular fusion of a voltage-sensing domain operand with different fluorescent reporter proteins. (nih.gov)
The Mucin 1 (MUC1) gene encodes a membrane bound glycosylated phosphoprotein, belonging to the family of mucins which are heavily glycosylated proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The C2 domain is a Ca 2+ -dependent membrane-targeting module found in many cellular proteins involved in signal transduction or membrane trafficking. (embl.de)
Regions with significant homology [ ( PUBMED:7559667 ) ] to the C2-domain have been found in many proteins. (embl.de)
There are 169765 C2 domains in 106000 proteins in SMART's nrdb database. (embl.de)
We present a comprehensive list of 54 C1 domains occurring singly or doubly in 34 different proteins. (embl.de)
Many C1 domains and C1 domain-containing proteins bind phorbol esters, but many others do not. (embl.de)
Proteins containing typical C1 domains are predicted to be regulated by diacylglycerol, whereas those containing only atypical domains are not. (embl.de)
Pyk2 also interacts with GST-fusion proteins corresponding to the second intracellular loop and the distal carboxyl-terminal tail domains of mGluR1a. (uwo.ca)
Pertussis toxin B-pentamer mediates intercellular transfer of membrane proteins and lipids. (uc.edu)
JERUSALEM, Feb. 26, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- KAHR Medical Ltd., a biopharmaceutical company developing a novel drug platform based on bi-functional, immunotherapeutic fusion proteins known as Dual Signaling Proteins ("DSP") today announced that it has raised US$18 million from a global syndicate of leading investors. (pharmiweb.com)
The coiled-coil domain is a structural motif found in proteins that are involved in a diverse array of biological functions such as the regulation of gene expression, cell division, membrane fusion and drug extrusion and delivery. (antikoerper-online.de)
The two major membrane skeletal proteins (articulins) of Euglena gracilis define a novel class of cytoskeletal proteins. (rupress.org)
60% of the peripheral membrane skeleton of Euglena gracilis consists of equimolar amounts of two proteins (articulins) with M(r)s in SDS gels of 80 and 86 kD. (rupress.org)
To understand eventually how these proteins assemble and function in maintaining cell form and membrane integrity we have undertaken a molecular characterization of articulins. (rupress.org)
b) Antibodies generated against the bacterially expressed beta-gal fusion protein identified one or the other articulin in Western blots of Euglena proteins. (rupress.org)
We conclude that the two articulins are related members of a new class of membrane cytoskeletal proteins. (rupress.org)
The Tat pathway ensures that only soluble, well-folded proteins are transported out of the cytoplasm and displayed on the inner membrane, thereby eliminating poorly folded scFvs prior to interrogation for antigen-binding. (jove.com)
I will present our recent structural studies, using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, of three membrane proteins that give insights into the mechanisms of virus-cell membrane fusion and virus budding. (lu.se)
1) We have investigated the structure of the membrane-interacting domains of the fusion proteins of the parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (lu.se)
If the membrane-anchor is missing or defective, Fp and Ip subunits accumulate as soluble proteins in the cytoplasm. (lu.se)

Therefore, we herein established a SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated cell-cell fusion assay and found that SARS-CoV-2 showed a superior plasma membrane fusion capacity compared to that of SARS-CoV. (nature.com)
It mediates fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
This membrane, together with the fungal plasma membrane, and the space in between, constitute the symbiotic interface, over which nutrients are exchanged. (frontiersin.org)
Pyk2 colocalizes with mGluR1a at the plasma membrane in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells and with endogenous mGluR5 in cortical neurons. (uwo.ca)

We are studying the mechanism of viral membrane fusion and its inhibition by drugs and antibodies. (stanford.edu)
Some of our studies are aimed at creating an HIV vaccine that elicits antibodies against a transient, but vulnerable, intermediate in the membrane-fusion process, called the pre-hairpin intermediate. (stanford.edu)
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can block virus entry by binding Env and inhibiting attachment or conformational changes required for fusion [ 4 - 7 ]. (plos.org)
Cross-subtype neutralizing single domain antibodies against influenza present new opportunities for immunoprophylaxis and pandemic preparedness. (frontiersin.org)
The overall objective of EuroNeut-41 was to design a vaccine that raises antibodies able to prevent HIV cell fusion by blocking the virus fusion protein gp41 in its pre-fusogenic conformation. (europa.eu)
Two sets of cDNAs were recovered, and evidence from three independent assays confirmed that both sets encoded articulins: (a) Anti-articulin antibodies recognized a high molecular weight beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) fusion protein expressed in bacteria infected with lambda gt11 cDNA clones. (rupress.org)
These antibodies also localized to the membrane skeletal region in thin sections of Euglena. (rupress.org)

C2 domains are unique among membrane targeting domains in that they show wide range of lipid selectivity for the major components of cell membranes, including phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine. (embl.de)
Taken together, these results suggest that sphingolipids containing C26 VLCFAs act as regulatory lipids in the homotypic vacuolar fusion cascade by assembling membrane microdomains that promote the protein and lipid machinery required for the tethering and docking of vacuoles. (biorxiv.org)
Using wild-type and mutant synthetic peptides, we demonstrate that the hydrophobicity of this domain is required for the aggregation and the lipid mixing of phospholipid vesicles, supporting the role of TM1 as the fusion peptide. (edu.au)
While lipid mixing occurred at pH 7, the kinetics of insertion of the fusion peptide was increased at pH 5, consistent with the location of DHBV in the late-endosome compartment and previous studies of the nonessential role of low pH for infectivity. (edu.au)
The dynamic modulation of GSDMs involves many aspects, including autoinhibitory structures, proteolytic cleavage, lipid binding and membrane translocation (oligomerization and pre-pore formation), oligomerization (pore formation) and pore removal for membrane repair. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the local lipid composition of the membrane is a key regulator of the site of virus-cell fusion. (lu.se)
We find that this domain is trimerized in the lipid membrane with a helix-turn-helix conformation, suggesting that this domain stabilizes the trimer structure of gp41 and promotes membrane curvature during the fusion process. (lu.se)
The data represent the first direct determination of the cholesterol-binding structure of a membrane protein in lipid bilayers, and moreover indicate a specific mechanism by which cholesterol concentration gradients in the membrane drive the M2 protein to the neck of the budding virus to conduct membrane scission. (lu.se)
The formation of lipid rafts and cavioli in biological membranes provides examples of cooperative association of lipids presumably assisted by the presence of cholesterol acting as a lineactant in the two-dimensional system of the membrane. (lu.se)

Fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane occurs in the presence of the NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor) / α-SNAP (α-soluble NSF attachment protein) disassembly machinery. (nature.com)
Here, incoming signals effect the release of transmitters from stores known as 'vesicles', which fuse with the adjoining cell membranes in order to transmit the signal. (charite.de)
We have now found that synaptotagmin is capable of pulling the synaptic vesicles closer to the membrane within a matter of milliseconds. (charite.de)
They were surprised to find that this not only slowed the process of fusion, but also resulted in vesicles and membranes remaining farther apart. (charite.de)
Ultra-high capacity microfluidic trapping of giant vesicles for high-throughput membrane studies. (mpg.de)
Microfluidic trapping of giant unilamellar vesicles to study transport through a membrane pore. (mpg.de)

Dr. Shuwen Chang, a researcher at the Rosenmund Lab and the study's first author, was meant to use the new electron microscopy-based method for the direct visualization of the vesicle-membrane fusion process. (charite.de)
Shuwen Chang, Thorsten Trimbuch, Christian Rosenmund: Synaptotagmin-1 drives synchronous Ca2+-triggered fusion by C2B-domain-mediated synaptic-vesicle-membrane attachment. (charite.de)

2 includes bovine coronavirus, murine hepatitis virus, and ies, and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 sub- human coronavirus OC34 (HCoV-OC43). (cdc.gov)
The targets in the Spike protein are the primary receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the secondary N-terminal domain (NTD). (forbes.com)
The receptor-binding domain atop S1 can assume two configurations: up, capable of binding the ACE 2 receptor, or down, non-binding (Figure 1). (forbes.com)
S1 mainly contains a receptor binding domain (RBD), which is responsible for recognizing the cell surface receptor. (creativebiomart.net)
Can be transmitted between different hosts through gene recombination or mutation of the receptor binding domain (RBD), leading to a higher mortality rate. (creativebiomart.net)

Surprisingly, we only observed mild changes to the localization of other regulatory lipids, but membrane fluidity and solubility was significantly altered. (biorxiv.org)

SARS Vaccine Development safe vaccines is urgently needed to prevent a new SARS and an intracellular domain (aa 1216-1255). (cdc.gov)
One possible mechanism to explain this observation is that a pool of pre-assembled AMPA receptors can be moved from an intracellular compartment to the postsynaptic membrane. (jneurosci.org)
For reciprocal nutrient exchange, AM fungi form intracellular arbuscules that are surrounded by the peri-arbuscular membrane. (frontiersin.org)
We provide a method to simultaneously screen a library of antibody fragments for binding affinity and cytoplasmic solubility by using the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation pathway, which has an inherent quality control mechanism for intracellular protein folding, to display the antibody fragments on the inner membrane. (jove.com)
The method harnesses the intrinsic intracellular folding quality control mechanism of the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway to display an scFv library on the E. coli inner membrane. (jove.com)

In this thesis I demonstrate that the Habc domain of Tlg2p has an inhibitory effect on SNARE complex formation. (gla.ac.uk)
The SNARE complex assembles from vesicular Synaptobrevin-2 as well as Syntaxin-1 and SNAP25 both anchored to the presynaptic membrane. (nature.com)
To achieve this, the neuronal SNARE (i.e., soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex brings the vesicle and presynaptic membranes in close proximity, thereby, mediating the fusion of the two membranes resulting in exocytosis of neurotransmitters. (nature.com)
Zippering of the SNAREs is proposed to provide the required energy to initiate membrane fusion 6 , 7 and proceeds from the N-terminus towards the membrane-proximal C-terminus through interactions of their complementary SNARE motifs. (nature.com)
It has been reported to function both as a (target membrane) t-SNARE and as a (vesicle) v-SNARE. (nih.gov)

gp41, the transmembrane subunit, mediates fusion of viral and cellular membranes [ 3 ]. (plos.org)

The peptide regions required to drive fusion are formed from the turns between the β-sheets. (wikipedia.org)
Here we generated a series of lipopeptides derived from EK1 and found that EK1C4 was the most potent fusion inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated membrane fusion and pseudovirus infection with IC50s of 1.3 and 15.8 nM, about 241- and 149-fold more potent than the original EK1 peptide, respectively. (nature.com)
Using the mutational analysis of recombinant subviral particles of tick-borne encephalitis virus, we provide direct experimental evidence that the initiation of fusion is crucially dependent on the protonation of one of the conserved histidines (His323) at the interface between domains I and III of E, leading to the dissolution of domain interactions and to the exposure of the fusion peptide. (rupress.org)
c) Peptide maps of the beta-gal fusion protein were similar to peptide maps of Euglena articulins. (rupress.org)
Secondary-structure predictions indicate that L and S have three alpha-helical, membrane-spanning domains, with TM1 predicted to act as the fusion peptide following endocytosis of DHBV into the hepatocyte. (edu.au)
For the PIV5 fusion protein, the fusion peptide (FP) and the transmembrane domain (TMD) show striking membrane-dependent conformations. (lu.se)

FIGURE 1: Schematic of 2019-nCoV S primary structure colored by domain. (forbes.com)

Predicted to be integral component of mitochondrial membrane. (nih.gov)
Integral membrane protein. (lu.se)

The cation channel mucolipin-1 is a bifunctional protein that facilitates membrane remodeling via its serine lipase domain. (harvard.edu)

The rab family of small, ras-like GTPases regulate membrane trafficking events in the secretory and endocytic pathways. (bl.uk)

We have previously described R1a-B6, an alpaca-derived single domain antibody (nanobody), that is capable of potent cross-subtype neutralization in vitro of H1N1, H5N1, H2N2, and H9N2 influenza viruses, through binding to a highly conserved epitope in the influenza hemagglutinin stem region. (frontiersin.org)
2. Primary Antibody와 pAG-MNase Fusion Enzyme이 핵으로 유입되는 것을 촉진시키기 위해 Digitonin으로 Cell Membrane Permeabilization. (seoulin.co.kr)
3. Target-specific Primary Antibody는 Antibody와 Fusion Enzyme의 pAG Domain의 Protein-protein 상호작용을 통해 pAG-MNase 을 Chromatin에 위치하게 함. (seoulin.co.kr)
S2 contains basic elements needed for the membrane fusion.The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity. (proteomecommons.org)

Fifty-one vaccine candidates were designed mainly to mimic fusion intermediate conformations of gp41 and in some instance to increase exposure of the 2F5/4E10 epitopes. (europa.eu)
Other specific initiatives were conducted such as evaluation of the sublingual route for immunization, investigation of the Principal Immunodominant Domain (PID) of gp41, and direct HIV inhibition with an Ag family which demonstrated in vitro antiviral activities comparable to the antiretroviral drug T20 (Fuzeon). (europa.eu)
2) For the HIV fusion protein gp41, we have determined the oligomeric structure of the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and the TMD. (lu.se)

The N2 domain interacts with the F pilus, whereas the N1 domain--connected to N2 by a flexible glycine-rich linker and tightly interacting with it on the phage--forms a complex with the C-terminal domain of TolA at later stages of the infection process. (rcsb.org)
To understand how cholesterol interacts with M2 to generate membrane curvature, we have determined the cholesterol-binding site of M2 by measuring protein-cholesterol distances and cholesterol orientation in the membrane. (lu.se)

We solved the X-ray crystal structure of six-helical bundle (6-HB) core of the HR1 and HR2 domains in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein S2 subunit, revealing that several mutated amino acid residues in the HR1 domain may be associated with enhanced interactions with the HR2 domain. (nature.com)
Chemical cross-linking provides detailed insights into these interactions suggesting a role for membrane fusion. (nature.com)

Currently, 3 lar domain consists of 2 subunits, S1 and S2 (14), although major classes of SARS vaccines are under development: 1) the cleavage site between these subunits has not been inactivated SARS-CoV (Figure 1), 2) full-length S protein clearly defined. (cdc.gov)
Each of the three is composed of two subunits: S1, the membrane distal region, including the receptor-binding and N-terminal domains, and S2, the membrane-proximal protein. (forbes.com)

The membrane anchor of SQR in mammalian mitochondria and proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli , consists of two polypeptides (SdhC and SdhD) and contains one heme group. (lu.se)
Notably, certain B. subtilis mutants with mutated Fp lack covalently bound flavin and do not assemble the SQR polypeptides in the membrane [3]. (lu.se)

The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)

They typically consist of 5 structural domains, where domain 1 and 2 localized to the C-terminal end often contain more β-sheets and domains 2-5 closer to the N-terminal side are richer in α-helices. (wikipedia.org)
Structural analyses of several C2 domains have shown them to consist of similar ternary structures in which three Ca 2+ -binding loops are located at the end of an 8 stranded antiparallel beta sandwich. (embl.de)
C1 domains are compact alpha/beta structural units of about 50 amino acids which tightly bind two zinc ions. (embl.de)
In addition to 37% amino acid identity and overall structural similarity, both articulins exhibited a long core domain consisting of over 30 12-amino acid repeats with the consensus VPVPV--V--. Homology plots comparing the same or different articulins revealed larger, less regular repeats in the core domain that coincided with predicted turns in extended beta-sheets. (rupress.org)

Another design strategy was developed using gammaretroviruses backbone where 2 domains were substituted with HIV epitopes in the N-terminal part of the ectodomain and the membrane proximal external region (MPER) respectively. (europa.eu)

The C2 domain is thought to be involved in calcium-dependent phospholipid binding [ ( PUBMED:8253763 ) ] and in membrane targetting processes such as subcellular localisation. (embl.de)

siRNA-mediated depletion of these rabs and golgins revealed them to be important for the maintenance of Golgi structure and suggested that p115 is primarily recruited to Golgi membranes by its interaction with rab1 rather than its association with GM130. (bl.uk)

The flavin together with the iron-sulfur clusters function to mediate electron transfer from the dicarboxylate binding site on the Fp subunit to the membrane-anchor domain where quinone is reduced to quinol. (lu.se)
Flavinylation of Fp in B. subtilis does not require the Ip subunit or the membrane anchor but depends on folding of the Fp polypeptide into a state that can bind FAD and subsequent mediate covalent binding of the FAD [3, 4]. (lu.se)
In the Fp subunit of SQR, and the closely related membrane-associated fumarate reductase of anaerobic organisms, FAD is covalently attached via an 8α-N(3)-histidyl linkage to a histidine (His) in a conserved sequence in the N-terminal part of the polypeptide. (lu.se)

Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)

Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are coupled via Galphaq/11 to the activation of phospholipase Cbeta, which hydrolyzes membrane phospholipids to form inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. (uwo.ca)

Fusion conformation change can often be controlled by pH. (wikipedia.org)
The β-sheet conformation causes negative Gaussian curvature and membrane dehydration, which are required for membrane merger, while the α-helical conformation resides in low-curvature lamellar membranes and forms three-helix bundles. (lu.se)

For example, Streptomyces griseus encodes in the following order: an ABC-2 type transporter, an ABC-type ATPase (see TC#3.A.1.105.11), a S2P-M50 peptidase with a CBS domain (see 9.B.149.1.1), a lantibiotic synthesis protein and a lantibiotic dehydratase. (tcdb.org)
Still others include ABC-type ATPase domains fused to them, indicating a close relationship with the transporter. (tcdb.org)

2020). Functional Characterization of TMEM127 Variants Reveals Novel Insights into Its Membrane Topology and Trafficking. (tcdb.org)

While adult somatic cells do not typically undergo membrane fusion under normal conditions, gametes and embryonic cells follow developmental pathways to non-spontaneously drive membrane fusion, such as in placental formation, syncytiotrophoblast formation, and neurodevelopment. (wikipedia.org)
TMED2/emp24 is required in both the chorion and the allantois for placental labyrinth layer development involving membrane fusion ( Hou and Jerome-Majewska 2018 ). (tcdb.org)

Following removal of the outer membrane, the scFvs displayed on the inner membrane are panned against a target antigen immobilized on magnetic beads to isolate scFvs that bind to the target antigen. (jove.com)

Membrane fusion is critical for many biological processes, especially in eukaryotic development and viral entry. (wikipedia.org)
Eukaryotic genomes contain several gene families, of host and viral origin, which encode products involved in driving membrane fusion. (wikipedia.org)

The model corresponds to the N-terminal domain of Tlg1p, which consists of a three-helix bundle. (nih.gov)
G3p consists of three domains (N1, N2, and CT). (rcsb.org)
SQR consists of a membrane-peripheral heterodimer domain (often called succinate dehydrogenase) which is tightly bound to a membrane-spanning anchor, which is a cytochrome with one or two heme groups depending on the organism. (lu.se)

Membranes under shear stress: visualization of non-equilibrium domain patterns and domain fusion in a microfluidic device. (mpg.de)

Taxonomy and function of C1 protein kinase C homology domains. (embl.de)
These domains were first discovered as the loci of phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding to conventional protein kinase C isozymes, which contain 2 C1 domains (C1A and C1B) in their N-terminal regulatory regions. (embl.de)

Exchange of the TM1 of DHBV with that of hepatitis B virus yielded functional, infectious DHBV particles, suggesting that TM1 of all of the hepadnaviruses act similarly in the fusion mechanism. (edu.au)

The entry of enveloped viruses into host cells involves a fusion step between the viral and a cellular membrane. (rupress.org)

Crystal structure of the membrane fusion protein CusB from Escherichia coli. (harvard.edu)
SQR in E. coli and B. subtilis can be assembled in the membrane without covalently bound FAD but are enzymatically inactive [3, 4, 6]. (lu.se)
It is unexpected that B. subtilis SQR without covalently bound FAD is not assembled in the E. coli membrane provided that all other aspects of assembly, including iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis, are functional in the heterologous system. (lu.se)

Domain 1 contains the catalytic site for membrane fusion. (wikipedia.org)

They are found in reoviruses, which are non-enveloped viruses and are specialized for cell-cell rather than virus-cell fusion, forming syncytia. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 1: Establishment of SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated cell-cell fusion system. (nature.com)
d Images of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 S-mediated cell-cell fusion on 293T/ACE2 cells at 2 h (left) and 24 h (right). (nature.com)
From there, the cell constantly removed Ras molecules from these membrane domains and returned them back to their 'fast' diffusing state. (elifesciences.org)

The binding domain is rich in α-helices and hydrophobic fusion peptides located near the N-terminus. (wikipedia.org)
Outside the core domain a short hydrophobic region containing four seven-amino acid repeats (consensus: APVTYGA) was identified near the carboxy terminus of the 80-kD articulin, but near the amino terminus of the 86-kD articulin. (rupress.org)
A hydrophobic domain in the large envelope protein is essential for fusion of duck hepatitis B virus. (edu.au)

AM symbiosis culminates with the formation of the arbuscules, highly branched fungal structures that are separated from the surrounding host cytoplasm by the periarbuscular membrane (PAM). (frontiersin.org)

Muc1 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a unique extracellular domain containing 20 amino acid variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) domain. (sigmaaldrich.com)

We used bafilomycin A1 during infection of primary duck hepatocytes to show that DHBV must be trafficked from the early to the late endosome for fusion to occur. (edu.au)

EK1C4 was also highly effective against membrane fusion and infection of other human coronavirus pseudoviruses tested, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, as well as SARSr-CoVs, and potently inhibited the replication of 5 live human coronaviruses examined, including SARS-CoV-2. (nature.com)

Our results reveal how membrane organization dictates membrane diffusion and trafficking of Ras and offer new insight into the spatial regulation of Ras signaling. (elifesciences.org)
Involved in negative regulation of mitochondrial fusion and positive regulation of cristae formation. (nih.gov)

Membrane curvature generation and membrane remodeling underlie many biological processes such as virus entry into cells and virus budding. (lu.se)

Vacuoles isolated from these cells displayed reduced levels of in vitro fusion, which we traced to a block in tethering and docking. (biorxiv.org)

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